Lailatul Mabit

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Haramin Imam Ali (A.S) da yake birnin Najaf

Lailatul Mabit (Larabci: ليلة المبيت) ko Daren Sadaukarwa, dare ne wanda cikinsa Imam Ali (A.S) domin bada kariya ga ran Annabi ya kwanta kan shimfiɗar da Annabi (S.A.W) yake kwanciya a kanta, a wannan dare ne Mushrikan Makka suka taru tare da niyyar kai hari gidan Annabi (S.A.W) domin su kashe shi, sai dai cewa bisa umarnin Ubangiji da buƙatar Annabi (S.A.W) Imam Ali (A.S) ya kwanta kan shimfiɗarsa, sai ya zamana ba su fahimci cewa ba Annabi (S.A.W) ne yake kwance a kan shimfiɗar ba, a wannan dare ne Annabi (S.A.W) ya fita daga Makka ya tafi Madina gudun hijira, da yawa daga Malaman tafsiri suna ganin sadaukarwa Imam Ali (A.S) ita ce sha’anin saukar aya ta 207 suratul Baƙara, a daren da ya kwanta kan shimfiɗar Annabi (S.A.W) an bayyana cewa wannan waƙi’a ta faru ne a daren farkon watan Rabi’u Awwal, h ƙamari.

Matsayi Da Muhimmanci

Lailatul Mabit suna ne da ake amfani da shi kan wata waƙi’a wacce cikinta Imam Ali (A.S) domin bada kariya ga rayuwar Annabi (S.A.W) maimakonsa sai shi Imam ya kwanta kan shimfiɗarsa, wannan waƙi’a ana ƙirgata cikin falalolin Imam Ali (A.S) kuma Imam a zaman kwamitin shura mai mutane shida ya kafa hujja da wannan waƙi’a cikin tabbatar da cancantuwarsa. [1] Malaman tafsiri suna ganin sababin saukar aya ta 207 suratul Baƙara “Ayar Shira’u” ya kasance kan sha’anin Imam Ali (A.S)[2] A rahotan Sayyid Bn ɗawus, Annabi (S.A.W) a lokacin Huɗubar Ghadir ya yi ishara da wannan waƙi’ar yana ganin cewa wani umarni ne daga Allah zuwa ga Imam Ali (A.S) [3] haka kuma kan asasin riwayoyi lokacin Ali (A.S) yake kwance a shimfiɗar Annabi (S.A.W) Mala’ika Jibrilu ya sauka saman kansa Mika’ilu kuma gefan ƙafafunsa, Jibrilu ya ce: Farin ciki ya tabbata ga irikinka ya ɗan Abu ɗalibi, Allah yana alfahari da kai a gaban Mala’iku. [4]

Fifikon Sadaukarwar Ali (A.S) A Kan Sallamawar Isma’il

Sayyid Bn ɗawus ya auna kwanciyar Imam Ali (A.S) kan shimfaɗar Annabi (A.S) tare da sallamawar da Annabi Isma’il ɗan Annabi Ibrahim ya yi cikin waƙi’ar Yanka, a ra’ayin Malamin sadaukarwar Imam Ali ta fifici sallamawar Isma’il; saboda shi Isma’il ya shirya tsaf domin mahaifinsa ya yanka shi, shi kuma Imam Ali (A.S) bai shiryawa karɓar kisa ba ta hannun Maƙiya, kawai ya kwanta ne domin ceton ran Annabi (S.A.W). [5]

Makircin Kashe Annabi (S.A.W)

A rahotan da ya zo daga masadir na tarihi, wasu gungun Kafiran ƙuraishawa sun taru a Darul Nudwa domin yanke shawara kan yanda za su yi da Annabi (S.A.W), a wannan zama sun yanke shawara cewa a zaɓi mutum ɗai-ɗai daga cikin kowacce ƙabila, tsakar dare su je su kai hari kan Annabi (S.A.W) su kashe shi; saboda da wannan ne zai zamana kowacce ƙabila tana da hannun cikin zubar da jininsa, Banu Hashim da za su nemi fansar jininsa ba za su iya yaƙi da dukkanin ƙabilun ƙuraishawa ba, dole su haƙura su ƙarɓi kuɗin diyyar jininsa. [6] Bayan wannan shawarar ne Jibrilu ya sauka wurin Annabi (S.A.W) ya ba shi labarin makircin da ƙuraishawa suka shirya na kashe shi. [7] da wannan dalili ne Annabi (S.A.W) ya yanke shawara kafin su zo gidansa ya gaggauta barin gidan ya tafi Madina. [8]

Kwanciyar Ali (A.S) Kan Shimfiɗar Annabi (S.A.W)

Ayar Lailati Al-Mabit:'

وَ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَن یشْرِی نَفْسَهُ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاتِ اللَّـهِ وَ اللَّـهُ رَءُوفٌ بِالْعِبَادِ

Daga cikin mutanen akwai wadanda suke sayar da ransu don neman yardar Allah, kuma Allah ya kasance mai tausayi ga bayi.

Suratul Bakara aya 207

Kan asasin riwayar Majlisi, Annabi ya cewa Ali: “Mushrikai suna son kashe ni a wannan dare, shin zaka yarda ka kwanta a kan shimfiɗata?” sai Imam Ali ya ce: shin idan na yi hakan zaka kuɓuta? Annabi (S.A.W) ya ce: na’am, Imam Ali (A.S) ya yi murmushi ya faɗi ya yi sujjadar godiya ga Allah, lokacin da ya ɗago kansa daga sujjada sai ya ce: “Ka aikata abin da aka umarceka kawai, idona, kunnena da zuciyata duka fansarka ne” [9] sai Annabi (S.A.W) ya rungume Ali (A.S) su duka biyun suka fashe da kuka, sannan suka yi bankwana suka rabu. [10] Mushrikan ƙuraishawa tun farkon dare suka kewaye gidan Annabi (S.A.W) suna jiran dare ya raba domin su afka cikin gidan, amma sai Abu Lahabi ya ce: a wannan lokaci mata da ƙananan yara suna cikin gidan, idan muka kai hari a wannan lokaci larabawa za su ce bamu kiyaye alfarmar mata da ƴaƴan kawunmu ba, [11] sai suka jefa dutse kan shimfiɗar da Ali ya kwanta domin samun nutsuwa cewa wanda yake kwance kan shimfiɗar Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ne. [12] lokacin da suka kai hari da Asubahi Ali (A.S) yana kwance kan shimfiɗar sai suka ga ashe ma Ali (A.S) ne, suka ce ina Muhammad (S.A.W)? sai ya basu amsa: “kun bani ajiyarsa ne da za ku tambayeni inda yake?” kune ai kuka tilasta masa barin gidansa. A wannan lokaci sai suka kai hari kan Ali (A.S) suka cutar da shi, sannan suka fito da shi waje suka doddoke shi, suka tsare shi cikin masallaci zuwa wasu awanni, daga ƙarshe suka tafi suka kyale shi. [13] A wani naƙalin daban ya zo cewa lokacin da Imam Ali (A.S) ya gan su sun zazzare Takubbansa sun tunkaro inda yake kwance, cikin dabara sai ya yi wuf ya kwace Takobin da take Hannun Khalid Bn Walid ya kore su ya nesanta su daga gare shi, sai suka ce masa mu fa ba ruwanmu da kai, amma ka gaya mana ina Muhammad? Sai ya ba su amsa ni bansan inda yake ba, sai suka karkata kan neman inda Annabi (S.A.W) yake. [14]

Ayar Lailatul Mabit

وَ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَن یشْرِی نَفْسَهُ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاتِ اللَّـهِ وَ اللَّـهُ رَءُوفٌ بِالْعِبَادِ؛

kuma daga cikin mutane akwai waɗanda suke sayar da rayikansu domin neman yardar Allah, kuma Allah mai jin ƙan bayinsa ne. suratul Baƙara aya ta 207 Shaik ɗusi a cikin Misbahul Al-Mutahajjid, ya bada rahoto cewa wannan waƙi’a ta faru ne a daren farkon watan Rabi’u Awwal, farkon shekarar hijirar Annabi (S.A.W). [15]

Saukar Ayar Shira’u Cikin Sha’ainin Ali (A.S)

Asalin Maƙala: Ayar Mabit

Malaman Shi’a, [16] da wasu adadi daga Malaman Ahlus-sunna, [17] sun tafi kan cewa ayar daren Mabit ko ayar Shira’u aya ta 207 suratul Baƙara ta sauka ne kan sha’anin waƙi’ar Lailatul Mabit. Ibn Abil Al-Hadid cikin Sharh Nahjul Balaga ya naƙalto daga malaminsa Abu Jafar cewa ya tabbata cikin tawatirin riwayoyi lallai wannan aya ta sauka ne kan Imam Ali (A.S) kuma duk mai inkarin haka ba shi da hankali ko kuma bai da kowacce irin alaƙa da Musulmai. [18] Cikin ayar Shira’u Allah ya yabi mutanen da suka shirya bayar da rayukansu domin samun yardar Allah. [19]

Kufaifayi Na Fasaha

Waƙa An rera waƙoƙi dangane da lailatul Mabit, Hassan Bn Ali Habal, wanda ya shahara da Amirul Shu’ara’u Yaman, a shekarar 1076, h ƙamari, yua rera wata waƙa mai taken (Raina fansar Al-Ghari) wata waƙa ce da aka naƙalto daga Diwan Al-habal, wasu ba’ari daga baitukansa sun kasance cikin wannan sharhi:

مَنْ نامَ فی مَرقدِ النبی دُجی وَ اَعیُنُ المشرکینَ لمْ تَنَمِ

فداه بالنفسَ لمْ یَخَفْ اَبدا ما دَبَّروا من عظیم کیدهم[۲۰]

Ali shi ne mutumin da ya kwanta kan shimfiɗar Annabi cikin duhun dare* alhalin idanun Mushrikai basu yi barci ba. Ya fanshi Annabi da ransa har abada bai taɓa jin tsoron*makircin da suka shirya daga babban kaidinsu. [20]wasu waƙoƙi da aka danganta su ga Ali:

وَقَيْتُ بِنَفْسِي خَيْرَ مَنْ وَطِئَ اَلْحَصَى وَ مَنْ طَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ اَلْعَتِيقِ وَ بِالْحَجَرِ رَسُولَ إِلَهِ اَلْخَلْقِ أَنْ مَكَرُوا بِهِ فَنَجَّاهُ ذُو اَلطَّوْلِ اَلْكَرِيمُ مِنَ اَلْمَكْرِ

وَ بِتُّ أُرَاعِيهِمْ وَ مَا يُثْبِتُونَنِي وَ قَدْ صَبَرَتْ نَفْسِي عَلَى اَلْقَتْلِ وَ اَلْأَسْرِ.[۲۱]

na fanshi mafi alherin wanda ya taka ƙasa* wanda ya kewaya Ka’aba da hajaru yana yin ɗawafi Manzon abin bautar halittu wanda suka shirya masa makirci* Allah mai ƙudura da karamci ya tseratar da shi daga makirci. Na kwanta kan shimfiɗa ina dakon abin da za su yi min * haƙiƙa na rarrashi zuciyata kan kisa da ɗauri. [21]

Fim ɗin Tarihi Na Lailatul Mabit

Zanen Nafsul Rasul wanda Hassan Ruhu Amin ya zana game da Lailati Al-mabit

Fim ne da aka shirya shi domin yabon Ali (A.S) da kuma nuna irin sadaukarwarsa a daren Lailatul Mabit, Wannan faifan bidiyo da ke nuna wani aiki na Sheikh Mohammad ɗokhi na yabo da sadaukarwa ga Imam Ali (A.S), an watsa shi a gidajen talabijin na Iran a watan Nuwamban 2016, wanda Sayyid Mohammad. Ghasemian ya shirya. Sayyid Hassan Sa'adat Mostafawi, a cikin wannan shirin, ya bayyana lamarin Lailat Almabit da kuma rawar da Ali ya taka a cikinsa. [22]

Bayanin kula

  1. Sadouƙ, Al-Khisal, 1362, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 560.
  2. Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Sharhin Nahj al-Balagha, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 13, shafi na 262.
  3. Sayyed bin ɗawus, Al-Yaƙin, Beta, shafi na 350
  4. ɗusi, al-Amali, 1414 AH, shafi na 469; Haskani, Shawaheed Al-Tanzil, 1411 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 123.
  5. Sayyid Ibn ɗawus, Iƙbal Al-Amal, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 595-596.
  6. Tabarsi, Elamul Alwara, 1417 AH, shafi na 145.
  7. Ibn Athir, al-Kamel, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 694.
  8. Halabi, Al-Sirah al-Halabiyyah, Darul Marafah, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 32.
  9. Majlesi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 19, shafi na 60.
  10. ɗusi, Al-Amali, 1414H, shafi na 466.
  11. Halabi, Al-Sirah al-Halabiyyah, Darul Marafah, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 32.
  12. ɗusi, Al-Amali, 1414 AH, shafi na 466-467.
  13. Majlesi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 19, shafi na 92.
  14. Tusi, Al-Amali, 1414H, shafi na 467
  15. ɗusi, Al-Masbah al-Mutahjad, 1411H, shafi na 791.
  16. Misali, duba Ayyashi, Tafsir al-Ayyashi, Maktabat Ilmiyya Al-Islamiyya, Juzu’i na 1, shafi na 101; Tusi, Al-Tibyan, Dar Ihya al-Trath al-Arabi, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 183; Tabataba'i, Al-Mizan, 1973, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 100-99.
  17. Misali, duba Hakim Nishaburi, Al-Mustadrak Ala Al-Sahihaini, Dar al-Katb al-Alamiya, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 5; Haskani, Shawaheed Al-Tanzil, 1411 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 123-131; Zarakshi, Al-Burhan, 1957, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 206; Fakhr Razi, al-Tafsir al-Kabir, 1420 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 350.
  18. Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Sharhin Nahj al-Balagha, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 13, shafi na 262.
  19. Duba Suratul Baƙarah, aya ta:207.
  20. Habel, Diwan al-Habel, 1407H, shafi na 122.
  21. Karajki, Al-Tawjab Man Aghalat Al-Amma' Fi Mas'ala Al-Imamah, 1421 AH, shafi na 123.
  22. <a class="eɗternal teɗt" href="https://www.iribnews.ir/fa/news/1905189">«پخش مستند «لیلة المبیت» نخستین بار از تلویزیون»</a>

Nassoshi

  • Alqur'anil Al-Kareem.
  • Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Abdul Hamid bin Hibatullah, Sharh Nahj al-Balagheh, Ibrahim Muhammad Abul Fazl, Qum, Maktabat Ayatullahi al-Mar'ashi al-Najafi, ya inganta shi, 1404H.
  • Ibn Athir, Ali bin Abi al-Karam, Al-Kamal fi al-Tarikh, wanda Omar Abd al-Salam Tadmari ya yi bincike a Beirut, Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi, bugu na farko, 1417H.
  • Hakeem Neishaburi, Muhammad bin Abdullah, Al-Mustadrak Ali al-Sahihin, bincike na Mustafa Abd al-Qadir Atta, Beirut, Dar al-Katb al-Alamiya, Bita.
  • Haskani, Obaidullah bin Abdullah, Shawaheed Al-Tanzil al-Qawa'id al-Tafdil, bincike na Mohammad Baqer Mahmoudi, Tehran, Ma'aikatar Al'adu da Shiriya, bugu na farko, 1411H.
  • Halabi, Ali bin Ibrahim, Al-Sirah al-Halabiyyah, Beirut, Darul Marafa, Bita.
  • Zarkashi, Muhammad bin Abdullah, Al-Burhan fi Ulum al-Qur'an, bincike na Muhammad Ibrahim, Beirut, Dar Ahya al-Kitab al-Arabiya, bugun farko, 1957.
  • Sayyed bin Tawus, Ali bin Musa, Iqbal al-Amal, Tehran, Dar al-Kitab al-Islamiya, bugu na biyu, 1409H.
  • Sadouq, Muhammad bin Ali, al-Khisal, editan Ali Akbar Ghafari, Kum, Jamia Modaresin, 1362.
  • Tabatabaei, Seyyed Mohammad Hossein, Al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an, Beirut, Al-Alami Foundation for Publications, bugu na uku, 1973.
  • Tabarsi, Fazl bin Hasan, Elamul Al-Wara bi Alamil Al-Huda, Qum, Mu’assasar Al-Baiti don Rayar da al’ada, bugu na 1, 1417 Hijira.
  • Tusi, Muhammad bin Hassan, al-Mali, Kum, Darul Thaqafa na bugu, 1414H.
  • Tusi, Muhammad bin Hassan, Al-Tibyan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an, editan Ahmad Habib Ameli, Beirut, Dar Ahya al-Trath al-Arabi, bugun farko, beta.
  • Tousi, Muhammad bin Hassan, Misbah Al-Mutahajjid, Beirut, Shi'a Fiqh Foundation, bugun farko, 1411 AH/1991 miladiyya.
  • Ayyashi, Mohammad Bin Masoud, Tafsir Al-Ayashi, Bincike na Seyyed Hashem Rasouli Mahalati, Tehran, Makarantar Nazarin Musulunci, Beta.
  • Fakhr Razi, Muhammad Ibn Umar, Al-Tafseer al-Kabir (Mufatih al-Ghayb), Beirut, Dar Ihya al-Trath al-Arabi, bugu na uku, 1420H.
  • Karajki, Muhammad Bin Ali, Al-Tha'ajab Min Aghalat al-A’aa fi Mas’ala Al-Imamah, gyara daga Karim Faris Hassoun, Qum, Dar al-Ghadir, bugun farko, 1421H.
  • Majlesi, Mohammad Baqer, Bihar al-Anwar, Beirut, Dar Al-Wafa, 1403H.
  • Habal, Hasan bin Ali, Diwan Al-habal, Ahmad bin Muhammad Shami ya yi bincike, Al-Dar al-Alimina, bugu na biyu, 1407H/1987 Miladiyya.
  • "Nafs Rasool", Shi'a Art Center, duba ranar 28 ga Satumba 1402.