Wasiƙar Imam Ali (A.S) Zuwa Ga Imam Hassan (A.S)

Daga wikishia

Wasiƙar Imam Ali (A.S) zuwa ga Imam Hassan (A.S), (Larabci: رسالة الإمام علي إلى الإمام الحسن) wata wasiƙa da ta ƙunshi batutuwan kyawawan halaye wace Imam Ali (A.S) bayan gama yaƙin siffin ya rubuta ta zuwa ga ɗansa Imam Hassan (A.S). wasiƙa ce ya yi domin bayanin irin ƙimar da mas'alolin tarbiya ke da su, ba'arin muhimman batutuwa da aka bijiro da su cikin wannan wasiƙa su ne kamar haka: bayanin marhalolin gina kai da irin ƙimar da kyawawan halaye suke da su, kyawawan halaye na zamantakewa, tarbiyyar yaro, usulubin tarbiyyar yara, larurar waiwayar ma'anawiyya tare da bayanin ma'aunin alaƙoƙin zamantakewa.

Wannan takardar wasiyya ta kasance daga mafi shaharar wasiƙun Imam da a naƙalto cikin nahajul balaga, amma tare da haka sun zo cikin daɗaɗɗun madogarai da suka gabaci nahajul balaga. bisa la'akari da mabambantan sanadai wannan riwaya ta kuma kallon abin da ya zo cikinta malamai sun tafi kan ingancin wannan wasiƙa.

ƙari kan tarjamomi da sharhi-sharhi da aka yi kan bakiɗayan littafin nahajul balaga, wannan wasiƙa ta rabauta da samun sharhi-sharhi da tarjamomi daban-daban masu cin gashin kansu daga nahajul balaga, daga jumlarsu akwai misalin: Pande Jawid talifin Muhammad Taƙiyyu Misbahu Yazdi da kuma Hayatu Jawid, talifin Sayyid Muhammad Muhsin Husaini Tahrani.

Gabatarwa Tare da Muhimmancin Wannan Wasiƙa

Wasiƙar Imam Ali (A.S) zuwa ga ɗansa Imam Hassan (A.S) ɗaya ce daga wasiƙu da aka naƙalto su a cikin nahajul balaga da suka ƙunshi maudu'in akhlaƙ.[1] ba'arin masu dandaƙe bincike suna ɗauƙar wannan wasiƙa matsayin kammalallen kundi cikin tarbiyantar da kai, gina kai, sairi da suluki.[2] Muhammad Taƙiyyu Misbahu Yazdi[3] ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka rubuta sharhi kan wannan wasiƙa, ya yi imani cewa wannan wasiƙa ƙari kan tattaro maɗaukakan bayanan ilimi, Imam Ali (A.S) cikin wannan wasiƙa ya yi bayani kan sanin halayen ɗan Adam da tarbiyya.[4]

Daidai da abin da Sayyid Radiyu ya naƙalto cikin nahajul balaga, Imam Ali (A.S) ya rubuta wannan wasiƙa ne yayin da yake dawowa daga yaƙin siffin shekara ta 37 hijira ƙamari[5] a wani wurin da ake kira Haziraini yanki ne a ƙasar sham [Tsokaci 1][6] duk da cewa a littafin nahajul balaga da mafi yawan madogarai[7] an bayyana cewa Imam Ali (A.S) ya rubuta wannan wasiƙa zuwa ga ɗansa Imam Hassan (A.S)[8] amma tare da a wasu naƙalan ya zo cewa ya rubuta wannan wasiƙa ne zuwa ga ɗansa Muhammad Hanafiyya.[9]

Haka nan kan asasin abin da aka ambata cikin wasu madogarai daban, cikin wani sashen wasiƙa mai lamba 31 nahajul balaga Imam Ali (A.S) yana magana ne zuwa ga Imam Hassan (A.S) a wani sashen kuma yana magana zuwa ga Muhammad Hanafiyya.[10] A imanin ba'arin masu dandaƙe bincike, Imam Ali (A.S) cikin rubutun wannan wasiƙa ya kasance kan wasu haduffa da manufofi, kuma ya yi ƙoƙarin cimma waɗannan haduffa da manufofi, asalai da bin hanyoyi da usuluban da suka da ce.[11] an yi bayanin waɗannan haduffa, asalai da usulubai kamar haka:

  • Haduffa: ɗabi'antuwa da ɗabi'un Allah, sanin Allah , gina kai, zuhudu, haƙuri da kuma lazimtar umarni tare da tunawa da Allah:
  • Asalai: karama, bambance-bambance cikin ɗaiɗaikun mutane, tsakatsaki, aiki da hankali, tunani da kuma lura,
  • Usulubi da hanyoyi: taunatarwa, wa'azi, bijiro da samfuri, soyayya, wa'aztuwa, tuba, taka tsantsan da kuma lissafi;[12]

Ciki mafi yawan kwafi-kwafin nahajul balaga wannan wasiƙa ta zo cikin wasiƙa mai lamba 31 a nahajul balaga;[13]

Sunan Kwafi Lambar Wasiƙa[13]
Al-mujam Al-mufahras, Subhi Salih, Faizul Al-islam, Khuyi, Mulla Salihu, Ibn Abil Al-hadid, Ibn Maisam, Abduhu 31
Mulla Fatahullahi 34
Fi Zilal 30

Shin Abin da Yake Wasiƙa Ya na Cin Karo Da Ismar Imamai

Ba'arin jumlolin da aka yi amfani da su cikin wasiƙa mai lamba 31 nahajul balaga ba sa dacewa da muƙamin ismar Imamai.[14] Ibn Abil Al-hadid ɗaya daga cikin masu sharhin nahajul balaga daga ahlus-sunna, ya yi imani cewa jumloli «أَوْ أَنْ أُنْقَصَ فِی رَأْیِی» ma'ana (Tun kafin ra'ayina ya samu tawaya) jumla ce da take cin karo da kasancewar marubucin wasiƙar ma'asumi, yana nufin Imam Ali, haka «یَسْبِقَنِی إِلَیْکَ بَعْضُ غَلَبَاتِ الْهَوَی وَ فِتَنِ الدُّنْیَا» ma'ana (Tun kafin son rai da fitintinun duniya su dira kanka) wannan jumla ba ta dacewa da ismar wanda ake magana da shi ma'ana Imam Hassan, saboda kan asasin waɗannan kalmomi tunanin Imam Ali tunani mai iya caccanjawa a ko wane irin lokaci, haka nan akwai tsammanin cewa son rai da wasiwasin Shaiɗan na iya tasiri kan Imam Hassan.[15] cikin kawo uzuri da hujja kan waɗannan gaɓoɓi da suke cin karo da ismarsu, an ce duk da cewa wannan wasiƙa a zahiri ya rubuta ta ne zuwa ga Imam Hassan,[16] amma a haƙiƙa yana aika saƙo ne zuwa ga bakiɗayan mutane[17] kuma Imam Ali (A.S) duba da alaƙar take tsakanin uba da ɗa daga gama-garin mutane ne ya raubuta wannan wasiƙa; saboda idan Imam Ali (A.S) yana son rubuta wasiƙa a matsayinsa na ma'asumi zuwa ga ma'asumi da tabbas zai rubutuwa batutuwa da bayanai masu zurfin gaske da gama-garin mutane ba za su taɓa fahimtar komai daga gare su ba.[18]

Ingancin Wasiyyar

A imanin Nasir Makarim Shirazi ɗaya daga cikin maraji'an taƙlidi na shi'a, ya kore duk wani kokwanto game da danganewar wasiƙa mai lamba 31 nahajul balaga zuwa ga Imam Ali (A.S); saboda a gafe guda wannan takardar wasiƙa tana da mabambantan isnadai da sanadai daga wasu hanyoyi, lafuzzan da aka yi amfani cikinta lafuzza ne da babu mai iya bayaninsu sai ma'asumai.[19] wannan wasiyya tana daga mafi shaharar wasiyyoyin Imam Ali (A.S) da magabata daga malamai suka naƙalto daga Sayyid Radiyu;[20] daga jumlar malaman da suka naƙalto wannan wasiyya su ne: 1. Muhammad ɗan Yaƙub Kulaini (Wafati: 328. h. ƙ) cikin littafin Ar-rasa'il[21] da Al-kafi;[22] 2. Hassan ɗan Abdullahi Askari daga malaman Shaik Saduƙ ya naƙalto ta a littafin Az-zawajir Wa Al-mawa'iz;[23] 3. Ibn Abdi Rabbihi, daga malaman ahlus-sunna (Wafati: 328. h. ƙ) ya kawo ta cikin littafin Al-iƙdul Al-farid,[24] 4. Shaik Saduƙ (Wafati: 381.h. ƙ) cikin littafin Man La yahduruhl Al-faƙihu;[25] 5. Ibn Shu'uba Harrani (Daga malaman ƙarni na 4) cikin littafin Tuhaful Al-uƙul.[26] Abin da Yake Ciki Wasiƙar Imam Ali (A.S) zuwa ga Imam Hassan (A.S) an rubuta ta ne kan asasin maudu'in kyawawan halaye.[27] daga jumlar bahasosin da aka ambata cikinta za a iya ishara zuwa ga abubuwa da bayaninsu zai zo a ƙasa:

  • Marhaloli gina kai
  • Akhlaƙ na zamantakewa
  • Tarbiyyar yara da hanyoyin tarbiyyarsu
  • Larurar waiwayar ma'anawiyya
  • Larurar damuwa da batun lahira
  • Ma'aunin alaƙoƙin zamantakewa
  • Zage dantse cikin neman guzurin lahira
  • Alamomin rahamar Allah
  • Sharuɗɗan amsa addu'a
  • Larurar tunawa da mutuwa
  • Sanin masu bautar duniya
  • Larurar la'akari da haƙiƙanin yadda rayuwa take tafiya
  • Haƙƙoƙin Abokai
  • Ƙimar kyawawan halaye
  • Matsayin da mace take da shi.[28]

Tarjamomi Da Sharhi-Sharhi

Ƙari kan tarjamomi da sharhi-sharhi da wasiƙa mai lamba ta samu a cikin tarjama da sharhi da aka yi kan gabaɗayan littafin nahajul balaga, akwai tarjamomi da sharhi-sharhi da aka yi wa wannan wasiƙa mai cin gashin kai daga daga nahajul balaga cikin harshen farisanci da larabci, ga wasu ba'ari daga cikin waɗanan sharhi-sharhi:

  • Pande Jawid, sharhi cikin farsi na Muhammad Taƙiyyu Misbahu Yazdi[29]
  • Hayatu Jawid, Sharhin farsi na Sayyid Muhammad Muhsin Husaini Tahrani[30]
  • Farzandam In Cenin Bayad Bud, na Asgar ɗahir Zadeh,[31]
  • Hikimat Wa Ma'ishat, talifin Abdul Al-karim Sarosh,[32]
  • Ali Wa Istimrar Insan, tare da alƙalamin Sayyid Abdul-majid Falsafiyan,[33]
  • Ta'alim Wa Tarbiyyat Dar Nahajul Al-balaga, na Abdul-majid Zahadat;[34]
  • Be Suwe Madina Fazila, sharhin farsi, na Ali Karimi Jahrami.[35]
  • Amuzehaye Tabiyati Nameh Imam Ali (A.S) Beh Imam Hassan (A.S), na Muhammad Yunus Arifi;[36]
  • Mehrabantarin Nameh, na Sayyid Ala'ud-dini Musawi Isfahani;[37]
  • Ayineh Zindagi, talifin Sayyid Mahadi Shuja'i;[38]
  • Tausiyehaye Pedraneh, tarjamar Muhammad Dashti;[39]
  • Nami Az Yaman, Tarjamar Karamu Khoda Aminiyan da Ali Afrasiyabi,[40]
  • Beh Pesaram, tarjamar Fatima Shahidi,[41]
  • Nameh Hakimane, tarjamar Ali Rida Ali Dosti,[42]
Haka kuma ku duba: Fihirisar Sharhi-sharhin Nahajul Balaga da Fihirisar Tarjamomin Nahajul Balaga

Bayanin Kula

  1. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Payame Imam Amirul Muminin (a.s), 1386H, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 458.
  2. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Payame Imam Amirul Muminin (a.s), 1386H, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 458.
  3. ↑ Taherzadeh, Farzandam Ena Chin Beid Bud, 1393 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 20.
  4. ↑ Misbah Yazdi, Band Javid, 1391 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 23.
  5. ↑ Baladhari, Ansab al-Ashraf, 1394 BC, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 305.
  6. ↑ Nahj al-Balagha, Tas'hihu Subhi Saleh, 1414 AH, Suna 31, shafi na 391.
  7. ↑ Misali, duba: Kulainy, Kafi, 1407 AH, juzu’i na 5, shafi na 510; Ibn Shu’uba Harrani, Tohaf al-Aqol, 1404H, shafi na 68.
  8. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Payame Imam Amirul Momineen (AS), 2006, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 459.
  9. ↑ Misali, duba: Sheikh Sadouq, Man la Yahdrah Al-Faqih, 1413 AH, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 384.
  10. ↑ Ibn Abd Rabbah, al-Iqdul al-Farid, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 100-102.
  11. ↑ Beheshti, Digran, "Nizame Tarbiyati Akhlaqi dar Nameh 31 na Nahj al-Balagha," shafi na 20.
  12. ↑ Beheshti, Digran, "Nizame Tarbiyati Akhlaqi dar Nameh 31 na Nahj al-Balagha," shafi na 20.
  13. ↑ Dashti, da Kazem Mohammadi, Al-Mujam al-Mufahras Le lfaz Nahjul al-Balagheh, 1375, shafi na 515.
  14. ↑ Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Sharhi Nahj al-Balaghah, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 16, shafi na 66-67.
  15. ↑ Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Sharhi Nahj al-Balaghah, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 16, shafi na 66-67.
  16. ↑ Misbah Yazdi, Pand Javid, 2013, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 25.
  17. ↑ Misbah Yazdi, Pand Javed, 2013, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 24-25; Makarem Shirazi, Payame Imam Amirul Momineen (AS), 1386, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 460.
  18. ↑ Misbah Yazdi, Pand Javid, 2013, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 25.
  19. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Pyame Imam Amirul Momineen (AS), 2006, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 457.
  20. ↑ Al-Hosseini al-Khatib, Masadir Nahjul al-Balagha, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 296.
  21. ↑ An karbo daga Sayyid Ibn Tavus, Kashf al-Muhajjah, 1375, shafi na 220-234.
  22. ↑ Kulayni, Kafi, 1407 BC, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 510.
  23. ↑ An karbo daga Sayyid Ibn Tavus, Kashf al-Muhajjah, 1375, shafi na 218.
  24. ↑ Ibn Abd Rabbah, al-Iqdul al-Farid, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 100-102.
  25. ↑ Sheikh Sadouq, Man La Yahzara al-Faqih, 1413 AH, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 384-392.
  26. ↑ Ibn Shu'uba Harrani, Tohaf al-Aqool, 1404 AH, shafi na 68-88.
  27. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Payame Imam Amirul Momineen (AS), 2006, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 458.
  28. ↑ Nahj al-Balagha, Mohammad Dashti ya fassara, harafi na 31, shafi na 518-538.
  29. ↑ Misbah Yazdi, Pand Javid, 2013, juzu'i 1, shafin ID na littafin.
  30. ↑ Hosseini Tehrani, Hayat Javid, 1390, littafin ID shafi.
  31. ↑ Taherzadeh, Farzandam Ena Chanin Bey Bud, 1393 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na Shenasnameh Kitab.
  32. ↑ Soroush, Hikmat va Ma’ishat, 1387 AH, shafi na Shenasnameh Kitab.
  33. ↑ Falsafa, Ali Wa istimrar Insan, 2018, shafin ID na littafin.
  34. ↑ Zahadat, Talim Wa tarbiyat dar Nahj al-Balagha, 1390 AH, shafi na Kitab Shanasnama.
  35. ↑ Karimi Jahromi, Beh Suweh Madinah Fadila, 1376 AH, shafi na Shenasnameh Kitab.
  36. ↑ Arifi, Amuzehahaye tarbiyati nameh Imam Ali (a.s) beh Imam Hassan (amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare shi), 1396 AH, shafi na littafin Shenasnama.
  37. ↑ Mousavi Isfahani, Mehrabantrinnameh, 1382 AH, shafi na Shenasnameh Kitab.
  38. ↑ Shojaei, Ayineh Zandaghi, 1388 AH, shafi na Shenasnameh Kitab.
  39. ↑ Dashti, Tausihaye Baderaneh, 1386 AH, shafi na Shenasnama.
  40. ↑ Aminian, da Ali Afrasiabi, Nami Az-Yaman, 1399H.
  41. ↑ Shahidi, Beh Basaram, 1398 AH, shafi na Shenasna.
  42. ↑ Alidoost, Nama Hakimaneh, 1389 AH, shafi na Shenasnameh, Kitab.

Tsokaci

  1. ↑ domin ganin sauran fuskokin da ake tsammani wannan kalma za ta iya dauka ku duna Shushtari, Bahjul As-sabbaga, 1376 shamsi, j 8 shafi na 313-315.

Nassoshi

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Balazuri, Ahmed bin Yahya, Ansab al-Ashraf, Beirut, Al-Alami printing, 1394H.

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