Hadis Wilaya

Daga wikishia
Haramin Imam Ali (Ali)

Hadis Wilaya (arabic: حديث الولاية) wani hadisi ne da aka nakalto shi daga Annabi (S.A.W) wanda ya kasancewa daya daga dalilan da `Yan Shi’a suke jingina da su kan tabbatar da Imamanci Ali Bn Abi Talib (A.S) wannan hadisi ya zo da lafuzza daban-daban daga litattafan Shi’a da Ahlus-sunna, misali:

هوَ وَلِیُّ کُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ بَعْدی

Shi ne shugaban dukkanin Mumini a bayana. Yan shi’a sun fassara kalmar waliyu da ta zo cikin wannan hadisi da ma’anar Imami jagora, da tsanantuwa da imamancin ne suke tabbatar da wilaya ta Imam Ali (A.S) sun tafi kan cewa Kalmar waliyu tana da wannan ma’ana hatta cikin Kamus din lugga, a wasu wurare daga bangare Shaikaini (Dattawa guda biyu) da kuma Sahabbai da Tabi’ai da wasu ba’arin Malaman Ahlus-sunna suma duka sun amfani da shi da wannan ma’anar, amma Ahlus-sunna sun yi da’awa kan cewa wai wannan kalma ta waliyu tana nufin masoyi kuma ba ta da wata alaka da mas’alar Imamanci da wilayar Imam Ali (A.S).

Matani

Jafar Bn Sulaiman ya karbo daga Imran Bn Hassin cewa Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya aika wasu gungun mutane yaki tareda sanya Ali Bn Abi Talib a matsayin kwamandan su, sun samu Ganima a cikin wannan yaki da suka je, sai ya zama basu gamsu da yanda Ali Bn Abi Talib (A.S) Ya rarraba ganimar ba, mutane hudu daga cikin su suka yi yanke shawara cewa za su gaya Annabi (S.A.W) abinda ya faru, lokacin da suka isa wurin Annabi (S.A.W) sai kowannensu yayi bayanin abinda ya faru: ya Manzon Allah sun kasancewa haka Ali ya aikata? Sai fuskar Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ta canja saboda fushi ya ce musu me kuke so daga Ali? Me kuke nufi da Ali ne? hakika Ali daga ni yake ni ma daga gare shi nake kuma Ali bayana shi ne Majibancin dukkanin Mumini. [1] Mabanbantan Nakali Hakika an nakalto hadisin wilaya daga litattafan shi’a da sunna da mabanbanta lafuzza, daga cikin su:

«علی ولیّ کل مؤمن بعدی»

Ali shi ne Majibancin dukkanin Mumini a bayana. [2]

«هو ولی کل مؤمن بعدی»

Shi ne Majibancin dukkanin Mumini a bayana. [3]

«انت ولی کل مؤمن بعدی»

Matsayinka daga gareni kamar matsayin Haruna daga Musa yake. [4]

أنت ولی کل مؤمن بعدی و مؤمنه

Kai ne Majibancin dukkanin Mumini a bayana. [5]

«انت ولیی فی کل مؤمن بعدی»

Kai ne Majibancin dukkanin Mumini a bayana. [6]

«فانه ولیکم بعدی»

Tabbas shi ne Majibancinku a bayana. [7]

ان علیا ولیکم بعدی

Tabbas Aliyu shi ne Majibancinku a bayana. [8]

هذا ولیکم بعدی

Wannan shi ne Majibancinku a bayana. [9]

«انک ولی المؤمنین من بعدی»

Tabbas kai ne Majibancin Muminai a bayana. [10]

«انت ولیی فی کل مؤمن بعدی»

Kai ne Majibancin Muminai a bayana. [11]

و انت خلیفتی فی کل مؤمن من بعدی»

Kuma kai ne Halifana a kan kowanne Mumini a bayana. [12]

«و فهو اولی الناس بکم بعدی.

Shi ne Mafi cancantar mutane gareku a bayana. [13]

Abin da ya Kunsa

Yan shi’a sun tafi kan cewa wannan hadisi na Wilaya ya kunshi sakon Imamanci da wilayar Aliyu Bn Abi Talib (A.S) [14] sun fassara Kalmar waliyu da ma’anar shugabanci da jagoranci [15] amma Ahlus-sunna sun tafi kan cewa kwata-kwata wannan hadisi baya shiryarwa zuwa ga halifanci da shugabancin Aliyu Bn Abi Talib (A.S) suna masu da’awar cewa Kalmar waliyu a cikin Kamus din Lugga tana bada ma’anar masoyi da mataimaki [16] yan shi’a a yunkurin su na tabbatar da da’awarsu suna fadin: a Kamus din Lugga Kalmar waliyu tana bada ma’anonin Majibanci, Halifa,, Ma’abocin zabi da kuma Imami, a farko-farko bayyana sakon muslunci da bayansa anyi amfani da wannan kalma da ma’anar Halifa da shugaba. Sun kafa hujja da yanda Halifa na farko [17] da na biyu [18] da Sahabbai [19] da Tabi’ai [20] da wasu ba’arin Malaman Ahlus-sunna [21] duka suka yi da wannan kalma kan ma’anar shugaba da Halifa.

inganci

Abdul-Kadir Bagdadi da Ibn Hajar Askalani sun fadi cewa Tirmizi ya nakalto hadisin Wilaya da karfaffan isnadi daga Imran Bn Hasin. [22] haka ma Muttaki Hindi ya tafi kan ingancin wannan hadisi. [23] Hakim Naishaburi ya shima ya tafi kan ingancin isnadin hadisin amma Muslim da Bukari ba su kawo shi ba cikin Sahihaini. [24] hakama Shamsudini Zahabi da Nasirul Albani sun bayyana ingancin wannan hadisi. [25]

Masadir

Hadisin wilaya ya zo cikin litattafai misalign Sahihu Tirmizi, Musnad Ahmad, [26] Jami’ul Ahadis Suyudi [27] Kanzul Umma; [28] Musnad Abi Dawud [29] Fada’ilul Sahaba, [30] Al’ahadul Masani [31] Sunanu Nasa’i [32] Musnad Abu Ya’ala [33] Sahihu Bn Hibban [34] Almujamu Kabir Dabarani [35] Tarikul Madina Damashak [36] Albidaya Wannihaya [37] Al’isabatu [38] Aljauhar fi Nasabi Imam Ali wa Alihi [39] Kazanatul Adab wa Lubbi lisanul Albabi [40] Alghadir [41] Al’isti’ab [42] Kashaful Gummati. Erbali, Kashf al-Ghumma, 1405 AH, shafi na 177.

Bincike kan isnadin hadisin

Malam Mubarakfuri ya yi da’awa kan cewa Kalmar (ba’adi) a wasu kofin hadisin babu ita sam, ya tuhumi Marawaitan Shi’a da kara Kalmar cikin hadisin, domin tabbatar da wannan tuhuma da ya yi ya jingina da littafin Musnad Ahmad domin ya nakalto hadisin da isnadi masu yawa kuma cikin dukkaninsu babu kalma (ba’adi) [43] na’am sai dai kuma a Ahmad Bn Hanbal cikin Musnad din [44] da kuma Fada’ilul Sahaba ya kawo hadisin tareda Karin Kalmar (ba’adi). [45] Mubarakfuri Abu Ya’ala Muhammad Bn Abdur-Rahman wandya rayu tsakanin karni 1283-1353 ya yi da’awar Jafar Bn Sulaiman da Ibn Ajlaha Alkindi su kadai ne suka rawaito wannan hadisi, sakamakon shi’ancinsu ba a karbar riwayarsu ko kuma shi yana hukunta yan shi’a da matsayin ma’abota bidi’a kuma yana fadin yan bidi’ar da suke nakalto hadisan da suke karfafar Mazhabarsu ba a karbarta, [46] sai dai cewa kuma Albani yana cewa babban ma’aunin karbar riwaya a gurin Ahlus-sunna shi ne fadar gaskiya da kuma dandakewar Marawaici amma Mazhabar Marawaici bata da tasiri cikin karbar riwaya daga gareshi ko akasin haka, da wannan dalili ne Bukhari da Muslim a Sahihaini suka nakalto riwaya daga mutanen da suka saba da Mazhabar Ahlus-sunna misalin Kawarijawa da yan Shi’a. [47] Albani Muhammad Nasirudini wanda ya rayu tsakanin 1914-1999 m yana cewa an nakalto wannan hadisi cikin litattafan Ahlus-sunna da isnadin da babu dan shi’a ko guda daya cikin su, [48] Assayid Ali Milani ya ce: wannan hadisi ya zo ta hanyar Sahabbai 12 daga cikin su akwai Imam Ali (A.S) Imam Hassan (A.S) [49] Abu Zar, Abu Sa’id Kudri da Barra’u Bn Azib. [50] Galibin nakalin yana tukewa zuwa ga Imran Bn Hasin da Ibn Abbas da Buraidatu Bn Hasib. [51] Jafar Bn Sulaiman daga marawaitan Sahihu Muslim [52] Shamsudini yana kiransa da Imam [53]kuma ya nakalto daga Yahaya Bn Ma’in da ya bayyana shi a matsayin Sika 55. Albani ya bayyana cewa Jafar Bn Sulaiman yana daga cikin Marawaitan da ake dogara da su kuma mutum ne mai karfin riwaya dandakewa ya kasance mabiyin Ahlil-baiti kuma baya kira zuwa ga mazhabarsa, yana cewa babu sabani wurin manyan Malamanmu cewa idan Marawaici mai fadin gaskiya ya kasance daga yan bidi’a sai dai kuma baya kira zuwa ga Mazhabarsa babu matsala riko da hadisansa. [54] Wasu ba’ari daga Malaman Ahlus-sunna sun wassaka Ibn Ajlaha [55] sun kuma bayyana hadisinsa a matsayin hadisin da yake kan martabar Hasanu a inganci [56] Albani ya bayyana cewa hadisan Ibn Ajlaha shaida ce kan ingancin hadisan Jafar Bn Sulaiman [57] Mubarakfuri ya ce Ibn Taimiyya yayi da’awar cewa hadisin wilaya wata karya ce da aka danganta ta Annabi (S.A.W) [58] Albani ya bayyana mamakinsa kan yadda Ibn Taimiyya ya yi inkarin wannan hadisi [59]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Ibn Shaiba, Al-Musannaf, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 504, H. 58; Tayalasi, Musnad na Abi Dawud, Darul Marafa, shafi na 111.
  2. ↑ Ibn Shaiba, Al-Musannaf, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 504, H. 58; Nasa’i, Al-Sunan al-Kubari, 1411 AH, juzu’i na 5, shafi na 132; Handi, Kanzal-Amal, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 13, shafi na 142.
  3. ↑ Tayalasi, Musnad na Abi Dawud, Dar al-Marifah, shafi na 111; Ibn Hanbal, Musnad, Cordoba Foundation, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 437; Abu Ya’ali Mosuli, Musnad Abi Ya’ali, 1404H, shafi na 293.
  4. ↑ Tayalasi, Musnad na Abi Dawud, Dar al-Marifah, shafi na 360; Nasa'i, Halayen Amirul Muminin (AS), 2003, shafi na 98.
  5. ↑ Tayalasi, Musnad na Abi Dawud, Dar al-Marifah, shafi na 360; Nasa'i, Halayen Amirul Muminin (AS), 2003, shafi na 98.
  6. ↑ Ibn Hanbal, Musnad, Cordoba Foundation, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 330.
  7. ↑ Ibn Hajar, Al-esabah, 1415 Hijira, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 488.
  8. ↑ Ibn Kathir, Al-Bedayah da Al-Nehayah, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 345; Hindi, Kanzal-Amal, 1409 AH, Juzu'i na 11, P. 612, H. 32963; Ibn Asaker, Tarihin Madina Damascus, 1415 Hijira, juzu'i na 42, shafi na 191.
  9. ↑ Nasa’i, Al-Sunan Al-Kubra, 1411 Hijira, juzu’i na 5, shafi na 133.
  10. ↑ Khatib al-Baghdadi, Tarikh Baghdad, Dar al-Kitab al-Alamiya, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 338
  11. ↑ Ibn Hanbal, Musnad, Cordoba Foundation, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 330.
  12. ↑ Ibn Abi Asim, Sunna, 1413 AH, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 550; Tabarani, Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir, Darahiya al-Tratah al-Arabi, juzu'i na 12, shafi na 78.
  13. ↑ Tabarani, Al-Mu'jam Al-Kabir, 1404H, juzu'i na 22, shafi na 135.
  14. ↑ Milani, Tasheyed Almura'at, 1427 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 164.
  15. ↑ Rahimi Esfahani, Velayat wa Rahbari, 1374, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 119-121.
  16. ↑ Eiji, al-Mawakif, Alam al-Katb, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 405
  17. ↑ Muslim, Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Jihad wa al-Sir, Babin Al-Hakim: Juzu'i na 3, shafi na 1378, AH 1757; Balazri, Ansab al-Ashraf, 1959, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 590; Tabari, Tarikh al-Umam da al-Muluk, 1387 H., juzu'i na 3, shafi na 211; Ibn Kathir, Al-Bedaya wa Al-Nehaya, 1407H, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 248.
  18. ↑ Balazri, Ansab al-Ashraf, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 10, shafi.363; Tabari, Tarikh Al-Umam da Al-Muluk, 1387 H., juzu'i na 4, shafi na 65, 214; Ibn Kathir, Al-Bedaya wa Al-Nehaya, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 79.
  19. ↑ Balazri, Ansab al-Ashraf, 1417 AH, juzu’i na 10, shafi.363; Tabari, Tarikh Al-Umam da Al-Muluk, 1387 H., juzu'i na 4, shafi na 65, 214; Ibn Kathir, Al-Bedaiya wa Al-Nehaya, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 79.
  20. ↑ Masoudi, Moruj Al-Dahahab, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 122.
  21. ↑ Ibn Sa’ad, Tabakat Al-Kubra, 1410H, juzu’i na 5, shafi na 245.
  22. ↑ Baghdadi, Khazane al-Adab, 1998, juzu'i na 6, shafi 69; Ibn Hajar, Al-Esabah, 1415 AH, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 468
  23. ↑ Hindi, Kanzal-Ummal, 1419 AH, Juzu'i na 11, P. 279, H. 32941.
  24. ↑ Hakim Nishaburi, Al-Mustadrak, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 134.
  25. ↑ Al-Mustadrak bi-Taaliq Dhahabi, Kitab Marafah al-Sahaba, kismi Zikri Islam Amir al-Mu'minin Ali, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 143, H4652; Albani, Al-Silsha al-Sahiha, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 263.
  26. ↑ Ibn Hanbal, Musnad, Cordoba Foundation, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 437.
  27. ↑ Siyuti, Jame al-Ahadith, Mujalladi na 16, shafi na 256, H. 7866 da Mujalladi na 27, shafi na 72.
  28. ↑ Hindi, Kanzal-Ummal, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 13, shafi na 142
  29. ↑ Tayalasi, Musnad Abi Dawud, Dar al-Marifah, shafi na 360.
  30. ↑ Ibn Hanbal, Fada'el Sahabba, 1403H, Juzu'i na 2, 605, 620, 649.
  31. ↑ Abu Bakr Shaybani, Al-Ahad wa Al-Mathani, 1411 AH, Juzu'i na 4, shafi na 279, AH 2298.
  32. ↑ Nasa’i, Al-Sunanul Al-Kubra, 1411H, juzu’i na 5, shafi na 132.
  33. ↑ Abu Yali Mosuli, Musnad Abi Yali, 1404H, shafi na 293.
  34. ↑ Ibn Hibban, Sahih Ibn Hibban, 1414H, juzu'i na 15, shafi na 373.
  35. ↑ Tabarani, Al-Mu'jam Al-Kabir, Darahiya al-Tratah al-Arabi, juzu'i na 12, shafi na 78.
  36. ↑ Ibn Asaker, Tarikh Madina, Damascus, juzu'i na 42, shafi na 100.
  37. ↑ Ibn Katheer, Al-Bedaiyah wa Al-Nehayah, 1407 Hijira, Juzu'i na 7, shafi na 345.
  38. ↑ Ibn Hajar, Al-Esabah, 1415 Hijira, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 488.
  39. ↑ Talmsani, Al-Jawhara, Ansari, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 65.
  40. ↑ Baghdadi, Khazane al-Adab, 1998, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 68.
  41. ↑ Amini, Al-Ghadir, 1397 AH, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 51.
  42. ↑ Ibn Abdulbar, Istiyab, 1412 Hijira, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 1091
  43. ↑ Mubarakfouri, Tohfa Al-Ahvadhi, 1410 AH, Juzu'i na 10, shafi na 146-147.
  44. ↑ Ibn Hanbal, Musnad, Cordoba Foundation, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 330, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 437.
  45. ↑ Ibn Hanbal, Fada'el Sahaba, 1403H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 684, 1168 bayan hijira.
  46. ↑ Mobarakfouri, Tohfa Al-Ahodhi, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 146-147.
  47. ↑ Albani, Al-Silsha Al-Sahiha, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 262.
  48. ↑ Albani, Al-Silsha Al-Sahiha, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 263.
  49. ↑ <a class="external text" href="http://www.al-milani.com/farsi/library/lib-pg.php?booid=2&mid=2&pgid=40">متن حدیث ولایت و تصحیح اسناد آن</a>
  50. ↑ Milani, Tasheyed Al-Mura'at, 1427 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 238.
  51. ↑ <a class="external text" href="http://www.al-milani.com/farsi/library/lib-pg.php?booid=2&mid=2&pgid=40">متن حدیث ولایت و تصحیح اسناد آن</a>
  52. ↑ Dahhabi, “Siyar Al-Alam al-Nubala”, 1413 AH, juzu’i na 8, shafi na 200; Misali, Nishaburi, Sahih Muslim, Darul Fikr, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 77, 83, 153.
  53. ↑ Dhahabi, Tarikhul Islam, 1413 Hijira, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 631.
  54. ↑ Dhahabi Seer Al-Nablah 1413 AH, Juzu'i na 8, shafi na 198.
  55. ↑ Albani, Al-Silsha al-Sahiha, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 263.
  56. ↑ Manavi, Faiz al-Qadir, 1415 Hijira, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 471.
  57. ↑ Albani, Al-Silsha al-Sahiha, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 263.
  58. ↑ Mubarakfouri, Tohfa Al-Ahodhi, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 147.
  59. ↑ Albani, Al-Silsha al-Sahiha, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 263.

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