Musulmi na farko

Daga wikishia

Musulmi na farko (Larabci:أول المسلمين) shi ne mutum na farko da ya fara imani da Annabi (S.A.W) kasancewa farkon wannan da ya fara imani wani abu da yake zama falala da daukaka da alfahari, `yan Shi'a sun tafi kan cewa Hazrat Khadija (R.) ita ce farkon wacce ta fara imani da a mata, shi kuma Imam Ali (A.S) shi ne na farko a maza, wannan magana ta zo hatta cikin litattafan tarihi na Ahlus-sunna. Bisa dogara da bayanan da suka zo a ba'arin litattafan Ahlus-sunna, Abubakar shi ne farkon wanda ya fara Imani a maza, Malamin na Tarihi na shi'a a wannan Rasul Jafariyan, ya taf kan cewa wannan magana ta samu ne sakamakon rigingimun mazhaba amma a kankin kanta magana ce da bata da tushe a tarihi.

Muhimmanci da Mahalli

Farkon musulmi ana ishara ne zuwa ga mutum na farko da ya yi imani da Annabi (S.A.W) hakan wata falala ce kuma abin alfahari ne, bisa asasin abin da ya zo a wasu ba'arin litattafai, Annabi (S.A.W) kirga kasancewa Imam Ali (A.S) farkon wanda ya fara imani da shi matsayin falala ga Imam,[1] wasu ba'arin Sahabbai ake musu da'awar farkon wanda suka fara.[2] muslunta su ma sun alfahari da wannan mas'ala.[3]

Khadija (S) Mace ta farko da ta fara muslunta

Babu sabani a wurin Malaman tarihi kan kasancewar Khadija mace ta farko da ta fara Imani.[4] wasu suna ce mata mutum ta farko da ta fara karbar muslunci daga maza da mata,[5] Ibn Asir Malamin tarihi na Ahlus-sunna yana cewa: musulmi sun yi ijma'i kan cewa Hazrat Khadija itace farkon Imani da Annabi (S.A.W).[6] Ahmad Ibn Abi Yakub Marubucin Tarihi a karni na uku, yace Hazrat Khadija (S) ita ce farkon imani a mata sannan Hazrat Ali (A.S) shi ne na farko a maza.[7]

Ali (A.S) Mutum na farkon yin Imani daga Maza

Bisa asasin riwayoyi, hakika Annabi muslunci (S.A.W) ya siffanta Imam Ali (A.S),[8] a matsayin Mumini na farko na farko da ya fara gasgata shi,[9] Shaik Tusi ya kawo riwaya daga Imam Rida (A.S) cewa Imam Ali (A.S) shi ne wanda ya fara imani,[10] ance `yan Shi'a sun yi ijma'i kan wannan magana, shi kansa Imam (A.S) ya yi bayani karara kan cewa shi ne farkon wanda ya fara imani da Annabi (S.A.W).[11] Wannan wuri yana bukatar a kawo masdarin inda aka ciro maganar) Allama Majlisi,[12] da Husaini Ibn Hamdan Kusaibi,[13] marubucin Shi'a a karni na hudu sun tafi kan cewa Imam Ali (A.S) shi ne farkon imani da Annabi (A.S), haka zalika Muhammad Ibn Jarir Tabari,[14] da Shamsud dini Azzahabi,[15] da sauran Malaman tarihi daga Ahlus-sunna sun nakalto cewa Imam Ali (A.S) shi ne farkon wanda ya fara imani.[16]

Wasu Rahotannin Daban

A wasu ba'arin nakali daga Ahlus-sunna suka kawo ya zo cewa Abubakar,[17] ko kuma dai Zaidu Ibn Harisa shi ne farkon wanda ya fara musulunta,[18] Makam Mukrizi Marubucin tarihi na Ahlus-sunna cikin littafin (Imta'ul Asma'i) ya bayyana cewa Abubakar shi ne farkon wanda ya fara muslunta, wanda ya kasance ya samu cancantar taimakon Annabi (S.A.W) da muslunci,[19] Ibn Hajar cikin littafin (A'isaba) ya tafi kan cewa Imam Ali (A.S) shne farkon wand aya fara imani amma fa a cikin yara sannan a mata Khadija ce ta farko, cikin bayi kuma Bilal Habashi ne na farko, sannan Abubakar ne na farko a manyan mutane yantattu,[20] tare da haka Muhammad Ibn Jarir Attabari ya nakalto daga Muhammad Ibn Sa'ad cewa Abubakar ya muslunta ne bayan mutane hamsin da suka gabace shi.[21] Rasul Jafariyan Masanin tarihi kuma dan Shi'a yana cewa, da'awar da wasu ke yi ta cewa Abubakar shi ne farkon wanda ya fara muslunta yana daga rigingimun cikin gida na mazhaba tsakankanin musulmai.[22]

jerin wadanda suka muslunta

Malam Ibn Asir marubucin tarihi daga Ahlus-sunna ya jeranta: Khadija (S) da Ali (A.S) da Zaidu Ibn Harisa da Abubakar,[23] Allama Majlisi kuma: Ali (A.S) Khadija (S) Jafar Ibn Abu Talib su ne farkon wanda suka fara imani da Annabi (S.A.W) a ra'ayin sa.[24]

Bayanin kula

  1. Maruji Tabasi, “Amirul Muminin (SAW) kuma Shugabanci a Musulunci”, shafi na 72.
  2. Ibn Uqda Kufi, Fada'ilul Amirul Muminin, 1424H, shafi na 24.
  3. Ibn Qutayba, Al-Ma’arif, 1992 Miladiyya, shafi na 169.
  4. Hosseini,nukastin Mumin Agahtarin Iman”, shafi na 48.
  5. Balazri, Ansab al-Ashraf, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 471; Ibn Sa’ad, Tabaqat al-Kubari, 1410H, juzu’i na 3.
  6. Ibn Athir, Al Kamal, 1385 Hijira, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 57.
  7. Yaqoubi, Tarikh Al-Yaqoubi, Dar Sadir, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 23.
  8. Ibnshahr Ashub, Manaqib Al Abi Talib, 1379 Hijira, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 6.
  9. Saffar, Bas’ir al-Darajat, 1404 q., juzu’i na 1, shafi na 84.
  10. Sheikh Tusi, A'Mali, 1414 AH, shafi na 343.
  11. Hosseini,nukastin Mumin Agahtarin Iman”, shafi na 48
  12. Majlesi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 38, shafi na 284.
  13. Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 66, shafi na 102.
  14. Khasibi, Al-Hidaya al-Kubra, 1419 AH, shafi na 50.
  15. Tabari, Tarikh al-Umm da al-Muluk, 1387 Hijira, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 310.
  16. Dhahabi, Tarikh al-Islam, 1409q, juzu'i na 1, shafi.
  17. Ibn Abdul Bar, al-Istiyab, 1412 Hijira, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 1090.
  18. Tabari, Tarikh al-Immum wa al-Muluk, 1387 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 315; Ibn Abd al-Barr, al-Istiyab, 1412 Hijira, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 965.
  19. Bilaziri, Ansab al-Ashraf, 1417 Hijira, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 470.
  20. Muqrizi, Umtaa al-Isma, 1420 H., juzu'i na 1, shafi na 34.
  21. Ibn Hajar, Al-Isabah, 1415 s, Part 1, shafi na 84.
  22. Tabari, Tarikh al-Umm da al-Muluk, 1387 Hijira, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 316.
  23. Ibn Athir,Usudul Gaba, 1409 BC, Part 2, shafi na 130-131.
  24. Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 66, shafi na 102.

Nassoshi

  • Ibn Athir al-Jazri, Ali ibn Muhammad, Asad al-Gabafi fi Marafah al-Sahaba, Beirut, Darul-Fikr, 1409H.
  • Ibn Athir Jazri, Ali Ibn Muhammad, Al-Kamal fi al-Tarikh, Beirut, Dar Sader, 1385H.
  • Ibn Hajr Asqlani, Ahmad Bin Ali, Al-Asabah Fi Mi'eez Sahabah, bincike: Adel Ahmed Abdul Mojood, Ali Muhammad Moawad, Beirut, Darul Kitab Al-Alamiya, bugu na farko, 1415H.
  • Ibn Khaldun, Abd al-Rahman bin Muhammad, Tarihin Ibn Khaldun, bincike na Khalil Shahadah, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, bugu na biyu, 1408H.
  • Ibn Saad, Muhammad Ibn Saad, Tabaqat al-Kubari, bincike: Muhammad Abd al-Qadir Atta, Beirut, Dar al-Kutb al-Alamiya, bugun farko, 1410H.
  • Ibnshahr Ashub Mazandarani, Manaqib Al Abi Talib (amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare su), Kum, Allameh, bugun farko, 1379H.
  • Ibn Abd al-Barr, Yusuf bin Abd Allah, Al-Istiyab fi Marafah al-Sahhab, bincike: Ali Muhammad al-Bajawi, Beirut, Dar al-Jeel, bugun farko, 1412 Hijira.
  • Ibn Qutaybah, Abdullah bin Muslim, al-Maarif, bincike: Tharwat Akasha, Alkahira, Al-Masriyyah al-Katab, bugu na biyu, 1992.
  • Ibn Uqda Kufi, Ahmad Ibn Muhammad, Fadail Amir al-Mu'minin Amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare shi, mai bincike kuma edita: Abd al-Razzaq Muhammad Hossein Harz al-Din, Qum, Dilil Ma, bugu na farko, 1424H.
  • Balazri, Ahmad bin Yahya, Ansab al-Ashraf, bincike: Sohail Zakar, Riaz Zarkali, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, bugun farko, 1417H.
  • Jafarian, Rasul, Tarihin Siyasar Musulunci, Seerah Rasul Allah, Kum, Dalil Publications, 1380.
  • Hosseini, Seyyed Karam Hossein, "Nukastin Mumin wa Agahtarin Iman", Mujallar Sarat, No. 10, Nuwamba 2019.
  • Khasibi, Hossein bin Hamdan, al-Hudaiya al-Kubari, Beirut, al-Balagh, 1419 AH.
  • Dhahabi, Muhammad bin Ahmad, Tarikh al-Islam, bincike: Omar Abdus Salam Tadmari, Beirut, Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi, bugu na biyu, 1409H.
  • Sheikh Tusi, Muhammad bin Hasan, A-Mali, Kum, Darul Taqwa, bugun farko, 1414H.
  • Salehi Damaschi, Muhammad bin Yusuf, Sabl al-Hadi wa al-Rashad fi Sira Khair al-Abad, Beirut, Dar al-Kutb al-Alamiya, bugu na farko, 1414H.
  • Safar, Muhammad bin Hasan, Basair al-Deraj fi fada'il Alu Muhammad, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi, wanda Mohsen bin Abbas Ali Kuche Baghi ya yi bincike a Qom, Maktabatu Ayatullahi al-Marashi al-Najafi, bugu na biyu, 1404H.
  • Tabari, Muhammad bin Jarir, Tarihin Al'ummai da Al-Muluk, bincike: Muhammad Abolfazl Ibrahim, Beirut, Dar al-Trath, bugu na biyu, 1387H.
  • Majlisi, Mohammad Baqir, Bihar al-Anwar, Beirut, Darahiya al-Trath al-Arabi, bugu na biyu, 1403H.
  • Maruji Tabasi, Mohammad Javad, "Amir Muminin (PBUH) and Leadership in Islam", Farhang Kausar Magazine, No. 75, Fall 2018.
  • Muqrizi, Taqi al-Din, Umtaa al-Ismaa Bama lalnabi min al-ahwal wa al-amwal wa al-hafda wa al-muta'a, research: Muhammad Abdul Hamid Namisi, Beirut, Dar al-Kutb al-Alamiya, first bugu, 1420 AH.
  • Yaqoubi, Ahmed bin Abi Yaqoob, Tariku Eliyaqoubi, Beirut, Dar Sader, bugu na farko, BTA.