Gidan Sayyada Fatima (S)

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Gidan Sayyada Fatima (A.S)

Gidan Sayyada Fatima (S) (Larabci:دار السيدة فاطمة عليها السلام) gida ne da yake jikin masallacin Annabi wanda sayyada zahra da Imam Ali (A.S) suke rayuwa a cikinsa, Da yawa daga malaman shi'a suna ganin ƙabarin sayyada fatima yana cikin gidanta, falalar da wannan gida yake dashi ya samo asali ne daga inda Allah ya bada umarnin rufe kowwace ƙofar gida da take haɗe da Masallacin Annabi, banda ta gidan Sayyida fatima (as).

Yazo a hadisi daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) cewa yin Salla a wannan gida yafi yin salla a filin masallacin annabi lada da daraja, an ruguje wannan gida a zamanin banu umayya wajan faɗaɗa masallacin annabi, an zagaye ɗakin da aka binne annabi a ciki da gini mai kyau.

Wasu suna ganin gidan Sayyida fatima (a.s) da aka kaiwa hari , a harin da aka raunata ta shine dai gidan Imam Ali (a.s) da ke unguwar Bani Hashim. Waɗannan masu binciken sun faɗi dalilai da hujjojin samuwar wannan gida a unguwar banu hashim da kuma yanda harin ya kasance.

Matsayin Gidan Sayyad Fatima

Gidan Sayyida Fatima (S) yana nufin gidan da take rayuwa acikinsa a garin Madina, wanda ya zo a cikin ruwayoyi na Shi'a da Ahlus-Ahlus-sunna da kuma na tarihi game da falalarta[1] da abin da ya faru na harin da aka kai mata[2] Har ila yau, wasu malaman Shi’a suna ganin shi ne in da aka binneta.[3]

Ya zo a cikin hadisin Shi'a da Ahlus-sunna cewa Annabi (S.A.W) ya gabatar da gidan Fatima da Ali (a.s) a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun misalan gidaje wanda ya zo a aya ta 36 a cikin suratun Nur:


«فِی بُیوتٍ أَذِنَ اللهُ أَن تُرْ‌فَعَ وَیذْکرَ فِیهَا اسْمُهُ یسَبِّحُ لَهُ فِیهَا بِالْغُدُوِّ وَالْآصَالِ » نور ۳۶

A cikin gidajen da Allah ya yi musu izini a girmama kuma ɗaukaka ambaton sunansa . A cikin waɗannan gidaje anayi masa tas'bihi kowace safiya da maraice.[4]

Gidan sayyada Fatima shi ne mahaifar ƴaƴanta[5] kuma a bisa abin da yazo a ruwaya shi ne gunda aka haifi Imam Sajjad (a.s).[6] A ruwayar da ta zo a cikin littafin Alkafi, Imam Sadik (a.s) ya ce salla a gidan Fatima (a.s) tafi daraja fiye da yin salla a filin masallacin manzon Allah,[7] an ruwaito cewa Imam Jawad (a.s) ya kasance yana sallah a gidan sayyada Fatima (a.s) kullum.[8] garuruwan Iran, a zamanin Fatimiyya ana gine gine da kwafi na unguwar Bani Hashim da gidan Sayyida Fatima, kuma jama'a suna turuwa don ziyartar gurin kuma su yi kallo.[9]

Yunkuri Sauyawa Sayyada Fatima (S) Gida Bayan Aure

Ibn Sa'ad masanin tarihin ƙarni na 3 hijriyya, ya ruwaito daga Imam Baƙir (a.s) cewa Imam Ali (as) ya gina wani gida da ke da nisa kaɗan da gidan Manzon Allah bayan ya auri Fatima (as) Annabi ya ce musu yana son 'yarsa ta zauna kusa da gidansa. sai dai bai san yaya zaiyi ba tinda babu wani gida da yayai saura a kusa da nasa wanda ba mutane aciki , sai sayyada Fatima (a.s) ta nemi Annabi da ya yi magana da Haris bin Nu’uman domin su zauna a gidansa da yake jikin gidan Annabi[10]saboda abaya ya bada wasu gidajensa Dan Manzo Allah ya zauna da matansa a ciki[11] Sai Annabi yace ba zai iya tambayar sa ba saboda a baya ya bashi , sai labarin abunda yake faruwa ya kai ga haris, Saboda haka, sai ya bai wa Annabi gidan nasa, yace karɓar dukiyarsa da Annabi zaiyi yafi masa Alkhairi da yaƙi karɓa.[12]

A cewar wasu majiyoyin Shi'a, Manzon Allah ya buƙaci Imam Ali (a.s.) ya shirya musu gida da za su zauna shida matar sa bayan aure. sai imam Ali (a.s) ya ce babu wani gida kusa da gidan Annabi sai gidan Haris bin Nu’uman. Annabi ya ce Haris ya ba shi wasu daga cikin gidajensa, sai ya ji kunyar faɗa masa ya kuma bashi wani. Haris ya samii labarin hakan sai yazo wurin Annabi ya ba shi gidansa. Da haka Ali (a.s) da Fatima (a.s) suka tafi gidan Haritha.[13]

Gida Ɗaya Tilo Mai Ƙofa Cikin Masallaci

Gidan Sayyida Fatima yana gabas da masallacin Annabi (S.A.W) kuma a tsakiyar gidajen Manzon Allah (S.A.W.).[14]Wannan gidan yana da ƙofofi guda biyu: ɗaya kofar tana buɗewa daga cikin masallaci, ɗaya ƙofar ta wajen masallacin,[15] da umurnin Allah ya zo sai aka rufe dukkan ƙofofin masallacin Annabi (SAWW) sai wannan aka bari.[16] سَدُّالابواب wata falala ce ta Imam Ali (A.S) shi kadai[17]

Gidan Sayyida Fatima (a.s) yana bayan gidan Manzon Allah (s.a.w) (ɗakin A’isha)[18] A tsakanin waɗannan gidaje biyu akwai wata ƴar ƙaramar taga.[19] daga nan ne Manzon Allah ya ke tambayar `yarsa halin da take.[20] akwai wani dare da aka sami jayayya tsakanin Sayyida Fatima da Aisha matar Manzon Allah (s.a.w) sai hakan ya ɓata ran Fatima (A.S) sai Manzon Allah (saww) ya rufe bisa riƙon sayyada Fatima (S).[21]

Harin Da Aka Kai Gidan Sayyada Fatima (S)

Asalin Maqala: Waƙi'ar kai Hari Gidan Fatima (S)

Kamar yadda majiyoyin Shi’a da Ahlus-sunna suka ruwaito, bayan wafatin Manzon Allah (SAWW) da waƙi'ar Saƙifa, wasu daga cikin Sahabbai sun garzaya gidan don karɓar bai'ar dole daga Imam Ali (A.S) da wasu mutanen da suka ki yi wa Abubakar mubaya’a da nuna goyan baya wanda suka taru a gidan Imam[22] A cewar majiyoyin Shi'a, an ƙona ƙofar gidan a wannan harin da aka kai[23] kuma a sakamakon raunukan da sayyada fatima ta samu ne ya janyo zubewar cikin (Muhsin)[24] sannan sanadin ciwon ya zamanto ajalinta, ta yi shahada bayan wani lokaci[25].

Wanne Gida aka Kai Hari?

Wasu masu bincike na ganin cewa harin da aka kai gidan Fatima ba a wannan gidan da ke kusa da masallacin Annabi bane, gidan da aka kai wa hari yana da nisa da masallaci[26] Kamar yadda Muhammad Sadiƙ Najmi (ya rasu: 1390) a cikin littafin "Tarihin Hubbaran Imaman Baƙi'a" wasu rahotannin tarihi sun tabbatar da wannan hasashen. Daga cikin su akwai rahoton cewa lokacin da aka kai Ali (a.s) masallaci don yin mubaya’a ga Abubakar, mutane sun taru suna kallon abubuwan da suke faruwa a titunan Madina[27] Wannan rahoton yana cikin littafin Saƙifa da Fadak na Ahmad bin Abdulaziz Johri Basri (ya rasu 323 bayan hijira).[28] Kuma an ce wannan gida yana gabas da masallacin Annabi, a bayan Baki'a kusa da gidan Abu Ayyub Ansari, gidane mai ɗauke da rumbun ajiya, dakuna da dama da babbar kofar katako.[29]

Samhudi (ya rasu a shekara ta 911 bayan hijira), malamin Ahlus-Ahlus-sunna mai bincike kan tarihin garin madina, shi ma ya yi magana a kan gidan da ke kusa da maƙabartar Baki'a ,wanda yake na Imam Ali (a.s) ne,[30] cikin littafin Thabakat Kubra daga madogaran tarihi da aka rubuta a karni na uku an ambaci sunan gidan Fatima da cewa yana kusa da Baki'a[31] Wasu suna ganin wannan gida shi ne dai wanda haris bin Nu’man ya ba Fatima kyauta dan ta zauna a cikinsa.[32]

Sayyid Jafar Murtada Amili (ya rasu: 1441H), masanin tarihin Shi'a, yana ganin cewa an kai harin ne a gidan da aka ruwaito labarin sad Al-Ab'wab (batun rufe ƙofofin da suke ta masallacin Annabi da barin iya ta gidan sayyada fatima(S)[33]

ASALIN Maƙala:An Binne Sayyada Fatima A Gidanta?

A cewar Sayyid Jafar Murtada amili, masani a tarihin Musulunci da na Shi'a, (ya rasu: 1441), ba zai yiwu a iya tantance inda ƙabarin Sayyida Fatima yake ba.[34] Kamar yanda Isma'il Ansari Zanjani ya ruwaito a cikin littafin Al-Mausuatul-kubra an Fatimatul-Zahra, mafi yawan malaman Shi'a sun yi imani da cewa an binne Fatima a gidanta.[35] an ruwaito a cikin faɗin Imam Ali (a.s.) a lokacin jana’izar Fatima (a.s.) ya ce

النَّازِلَةِ فِي جِوَارِكَ

wannan yana daɗa tabbatar da an binne Fatima (as) a gidanta.[36]

An Sayna Gaba ɗayan Gidanta Cikin Ginin ƙabarin Annabi (S.A.W)

An ruguje gidan Fatima a zamanin Abdulmalik bin Marwan (mulki: 65-86 AH).[37] ko Walid bin Abdulmalik (mulki: 86 AH-96 AH)[38] domin raya masallacin Annabi. An haɗe ɗakin ta dana annabi a guri ɗaya.[39]

Bayanin kula

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  2. Masoudi, Isbatul wasiyya, 1384, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 146
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