Muhsin Bn Ali

Daga wikishia

Muhsin bn Ali (A.S) (Larabci: المحسن بن علي بن أبي طالب (ع)) ɗa ne ga Hazrat Ali (A.S) da Hazrat Fatima (A.S) an yi ɓarin cikinsa a lokacin da magoya bayan Halifanci Abubakar suka kai hari kan gidan Hazrat Fatima (S) domin karɓar mubaya’a da karfin tsiya. babu cikakken tarihi kan wacce rana ya yi shahada, sai dai cewa tare da haka Muhammad Hadi Yusufi Garawi wanda aka haifa a shekara 1377 h shamsi, Mai nazari da bincike kan tarihin Muslunci tare da kawo wasu shaidu daga kai harin kan gidan Fatima (A.S) ya bayyana cewa an yi ɓarin Muhsin kwanaki hamsin bayan wafatin Annabi (S.A.W), tare da haka wasu sun sanyawa farkon watan Rabi’u Awwal ranar Muhsiniyya ma’ana ranakun makokin shahadar Mushin (A.S) suna shirya zaman makoki, wannan makoki kasancewar bai da tarihin a saƙafar shi’a ya zamana bai samu karɓuwar ba sosai kuma bai kasance cikin Makokin da Maraji’a suka ƙarfafa shi ba. An rubuta litattafai cikin harsunan duniya daban-daban dangane da Muhsin, littafin Al-Mushin Sibɗu Mauludun am Siƙɗu, talifin Sayyid Muhammad Mahadi Musawi Kirsan yana cikin jumlar litattafain da aka wallafa kan Muhsin (A.S).

ɗan Imam Ali (A.S) DA Fatima (S)

Muhsin ɗa ne ga Ali (A.S) da Fatima (S), cikin masadir daban-daban na Shi’a [1] da Ahlus-Sunna [2] an ƙirga shi cikin ƴaƴan hazrat Fatima da Imam (A.S), kan asasin riwayoyi Annabi (S.A.W) shi ne ya zaɓa masa wannan suna, [3] wanda yake daidai da Mushabbar ɗa ga Haruna, [4] a cewar Ibn Hajar Asƙalani wanda ya rasu a shekarar 852 marubucin tarihin Sahabbai daga ɓangaren Ahlus-Sunna ya bayyana cewa ana karanta wannan kalmar da surar Muhassin. [5]

Shahada

Dangane da sababin shahadarsa akwai saɓanin ra’ayoyin Malamai, cikin masadir ɗin Shi’a an bayyana cewa ya yi shahada ne sakamakon ɓarin cikinsa da aka yi, [6] a masadir na Ahlus-Sunna sun bayyana cewa ya rasu ne cikin amfani da kalmar Mata Sagiran [7] (ya rasu yana ɗan ƙaramin yaro) [8] ko kuma wani abu da ya yi kama da haka, [9] da yake nuni da cewa ya zo duniya a raye, a cewar Ibn Hazam Andulusi Malamin Ahlus-Sunna wanda ya rasu shekara ta 456 ya mutu kai tsaye bayan zuwansa duniya, [10] tare da haka Muhammad Bn Abdul-Karim wanda ya rasu shekara ta 548 cikin littafin Al-milal wan Nihal tare da naƙali daga Ibrahim Bn Sayyar wanda aka fi sani da Nazzam Mu’utazili wanda ya rasu shekara ta 221 kuma ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin Mu’utazilawa ya naƙalto cewa dukan da Umar ya yiwa Fatima kan Awazarta shi ne sababin ɓarin cikin Muhsin. [11] haka kuma Ibn Abil Al-Hadid Mu’utazili wanda ya rasu a shekara ta 656 h ƙamari, ma’abocin littafin Sharh Nahjul Balaga, cikin munazarar da ya yi da Malaminsa Abu Jafar Naƙib ya yi ishara zuwa ga waƙi’ar ɓarin cikin Muhsin a lokacin waƙi’ar karɓar mubaya’a daga Ali (A.S) [12] Kan asasin ba’arin wasu riwayoyi waɗanda aka naƙalto su cikin masadir ɗin Ahlus-Sunna sun bayyana cewa an haifi Muhsin tun lokacin da Annabi (S.A.W) yake raye a duniya. [13]

Tarihin Shahada

Asalin Maƙala: Ayyamu Muhsiniyya

An yi ɓarin cikin Muhsin lokacin da aka kai hari kan gidan Fatima (S) [14] Muhammad hadi Yusufi Garawi wanda aka haifa a shekara ta 1327 mai nazari da binciken tarihin Muslunci tare da kawo wasu shaidu ya yi imani kan cewa lokacin waƙi’ar kai hari gidan Fatima (S) bai kasance kai tsaye bayan taron Saƙifa ba, bari dai akwai tazarar kwanaki hamsin koma fiye da haka tsakanin faruwar waƙi’ar kai harin gidan Fatima (A.S) da wafatin Annabi (S.A.W) [15] tare da haka wasu ba’arin ƴan Shi’a sun sanyawa farkon watan Rabi’u Awwal suna Ayyamu Muhsiniyya suna kuma yin zaman makokin a wannan rana, [16] a cewar Ayatullahi Makarim Shirazi wanda aka haifa shekara 1305 h shamsi, kuma ɗaya daga cikin Maraji’an taƙlidi yafi dacewa ace ba a shirya Makokin Mushin ba, saboda wannan makoki bai da tarihi a Shi’anci kuma zai haihar da raunana Makoki na Asali da aka saba yi. [17] A rahotan ƙadhi Abdul-Jabbar Mu’utazili wanda ya rasu shekara ta 415 h ƙamari, wasu adadin ƴan Shi’a a cikin wasu yankunan garuruwa daga Jumlarsu akwai Misra, Damashƙ, Bagdad, Al-Ramlatu, Akkatu, Sur, Asƙalan da Jabalu Al-Basmaƙ suna shirya makoki domin Fatima (S) da ɗanta Muhsin (A.S). [18]

Wurin Da Aka Binne Shi

Cikin masadir na tarihi ishara ba ta zo ba kan wurin da aka binne Muhsin (A.S) amma bisa dogara da wata riwaya a cikin littafin Jami’ul An-Nuraini ya zo cewa Hazrat Ali (A.S) ya cewa Fiddha da hazrat Zahra ku binne Mushin baƙin kofar gida. [19]

Azabar Makashin Muhsin

Bisa wata riwaya da ta zo cikin littafin Kamilul Al-Ziyarat, mutum na farko daga ƴaƴan Annabi (S.A.W) da za a fara duba file ɗinsa ya kasance Muhsin, bayan nan za a hukunta wanda ya kashe shi. [20]

Nazari

An wallafa litattafai cikin harsunan Larabci da Farisanci dangane da Muhsin (A.S)

  • ”Al-Muhsin Al-Sibɗu Mauludun am Saƙaɗa” talifin Sayyid Muhammad Mahadi Musawi Kirsan, cikin harshen Larabci wanda Markaz Al-Aƙa’idiyya a shekarar 1430 h ƙamari ta buga shi cikin shafuka 626. [21] marubucin wannan littafi tare da nazari taɗbiƙi daga matanan littafan tarihi ya fitar da natija cewa an yi ɓarin Muhsin lokacin da aka kai harin kan gidan Fatima sakamakon matseta bayan ƙofar gidanta. [22]
  • ”Gunce Yase: Musin Bn Ali” talifin Mahadi Fatimi an buga wannan littafi cikin harshen larabci da Farisanci a shekarar 1386 h shamsi. [23]

Haka kuma akwai litattafan Muhsin Bn Ali, talifin Ali Asar Rezwani, [24] Al-Mushin Bn Fatima Az-Zahra, talifin Abdul-Muhsin ƙaɗifi, [25] da kuma littafin Musafin Darya Hazrat Muhsin Bn Ali, rubutun Sadiƙ Dawari. 26 suna daga cikin sauran litattafai da aka wallafa su dangane da Muhsin Bn Ali (A.S) [26]

Bayanin kula

  1. Misali, duba Yaƙoubi, Tarikh Yaƙoubi, Dar Sadir, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 213; ƙazi Noman, Sharh al-Akhbar, 1414 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi.88; Sheikh Mufid, Al-Ershad, 1413 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 355; Ibn Sufi, al-Majdi, 1422 AH, shafi na 193.
  2. Ibn Hanbal, Musnad, 1421 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 159, 246; Bukhari, Al-Adab Al-Mufard, 1409 AH, shafi na 286; Ibn ƙutaiba, Al-Ma'arif, 1992, shafi na 211; Balazari, Ansab al-Ashraf, 1394 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 189; Tabari, Tarikh Al-Umam wa al-Muluk, 1387 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 153; Hakim Neishaburi, Al-Mustadrak Alal Al-Sahihaini,, 1411 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 180 Ibn Hazm Andalusi, Jamaratu Ansab Al-Arab, 1403 AH, shafi na 16; Ibn Athir, Usudul Al-Ghaba, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 299-300; Sabt bin Jozi, Tazkira Al-Khawas, 1418 AH, shafi na 57; Ibn Kathir, al-Bidaya wa Al-Nihaya, 1408 AH, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 367; Ibn Hajar Asƙalani, Al-isabah, 1415 AH, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 191.
  3. Sheikh Mofid, Al-Irshad, 1413 Hijira, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 355
  4. Ibn Hanbal, Musnad, 1421 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 159, 246; Sheikh Mufid, Al-Irshad, 1413 Hijira, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 355.
  5. Ibn Hajar Asƙalani, Al-Isabah, 1415 AH, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 191.
  6. Duba Sheikh Mufid, Al-Irshad, 1413H, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 355.
  7. Ibn Athir, Usudul Al-Ghaba, 1409H, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 300.
  8. Ibn ƙutaiba, Al-Ma'arif, 1992, shafi na 211
  9. Moghdisi, Al-bada'u wa Al-Tarikh, Maktabat Al-Thaƙafah al-Diniya, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 75.
  10. Ibn Hazm Andalusi, Jamharatul Ansab Al-Arab, 1403H, shafi na 38.
  11. Shahrashtani, Al-Milal wa Al-Nehal, 1364, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 71.
  12. Ibn Abil Al-Hadid, SharhNahj Al-Balaghah, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 14, shafi na 192-193.
  13. Ibn Athir, Usudul Al-Ghaba, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 299; Ibn Hanbal, Musnad, 1421 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 159, 246; Ibn Abd Al-Barr, Al-Istiy'ab, 1412H, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 384.
  14. Mofid, Al-IKhtisas, 1413 AH, shafi na 185; Khasibi, Al-Hidaya Al-Kubra, 1419 AH, shafi na 408; Ibn Abi Al-Hadid, Sharh Nahj Al-Balagha, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 14, shafi na 192-193; Shahrashtani, Al-Milal wa Al-Nihal, 1364, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 71.
  15. Yousefi Gharawi, "Tarikh Hujumi beh kune Hazrat Zahra", shafi na 9-14.
  16. <a class="eɗternal teɗt" href="http://www.rohani.ir/fa/ndt/435/لزوم-برگزاری-مراسم-عزاداری-در-ایام-محسنیه">«اتفاقات هفته اول بعد از ماه صفر، ریشه و اصل همه مصائب جهان اسلام است»</a>پایگاه اطلاع‌رسانی حضرت آیت‌الله العظمی سید صادق روحانی.
  17. <a class="eɗternal teɗt" href="https://makarem.ir/main.aspɗ?typeinfo=21&lid=0&catid=46972&mid=262723">«نظر حضرت‌عالی در مورد برگزاری مراسم ایّام محسنیه به‌صورت عمومی در سطح شهر چیست؟»</a>پایگاه اطلاع‌رسانی دفتر حضرت آیت‌الله العظمی مکارم شیرازی.
  18. ƙazi Abd al-Jabbar, Tasbitul Al-Dala'ili Al-Nubuwwa, 1427 AH, Mujalladi na 2, shafi na 595.
  19. Sabzevari, Jami'ul Al-Nouraini, Ilmiyya Islamiyya, shafi na 206.
  20. Ibn ƙuluyeh, Kamel Al-Ziyarat, 1356, shafi na 334.
  21. Mousavi Khorsan, Al-Mohsen Al-Sibɗu, Mauludun am Siƙɗun, 1430H, Shanasnameh Kitab.
  22. Al-Mossawi Al-Khorsan, Al-Mohsen Al-Sibɗu, Mauludun Am Siƙɗun, 1430H, shafi na 207..
  23. <a class="eɗternal teɗt" href="https://www.gisoom.com/book/1420029">غنچه یاس</a>شبکه جامع کتاب گیسوم
  24. <a class="eɗternal teɗt" href="https://db.ketab.ir/bookview.aspɗ?bookid=1551020">محسن بن علی(ع)</a>مؤسسه خانه کتاب ایران و ادبیات ایران
  25. <a class="eɗternal teɗt" href="https://db.ketab.ir/bookview.aspɗ?bookid=312390">المحسن‌ بن‌ فاطمه الزهراء</a>مؤسسه خانه کتاب ایران.
  26. <a class="eɗternal teɗt" href="https://www.gisoom.com/book/1742214">مسافر دریا: حضرت محسن بن علی</a>شبکه جامع کتاب گیسوم.

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