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Suratul Kausar

Daga wikishia
Suratul Kausar
Ma'un
Suratul Ma'un
Kausar
Kafirun
Suratul Kafirun
Lambar Sura108
Juzu'i30
Jerantuwa Ta Sauka15
Adadin Ayoyi3
Adadin Kalmomi10
Adadin Haruffa43
Makkiya/MadaniyyaMakkiya


Suratul Kauthar (Larabci: سورة الكوثر) sura ta 108 kuma daya daga cikin surorin da suka sauka a Makka, wadda ke cikin juzu'i na 30 na Alkur'ani. Wannan surar ita ce sura mafi kankanta a cikin Alkur'ani, kuma saboda ambaton wata falala da ake kira Kausar ga Annabi (S.A.W) a aya ta farko, ana kiranta da Kausar, kuma ta nemi Manzon Allah da ya yi sallah da yanka abin yanka a gaban wannan falala girma, albarka. Tafkin Kausara, kogi, Aljanna, alheri mai yawa, Musulunci, Annabci, Alkur'ani, Sahabbai da yawa da ceto da yawan zuri'a an gabatar da su a matsayin misali na Kausar. A wajen malaman Shi'a da dama, Hazrat Fatima (S) da `ya`yanta na daga cikin misalan Kausar: Domin kuwa abin da aka saukar a cikin surar yana mayar da martani ne ga wadanda suka dauki Annabi (S.A.W) ba tare da zuriya ba. Falalar karatun suratu kausar ita ce duk wanda ya karanta wannan sura a cikin sallolin rana zai sha daga tafkin kausara a ranar Alkiyama kuma yana tare da manzon Allah a karkashin Bishiyar Ɗuba.

Gabatarwa

Suna: Ita dai wannan sura ana kiranta da Kautsar domin a cikin ayar ta ta farko tana magana ne akan wata ni'ima da ake kira Kausar da Allah ya yi wa Annabi (S.A.W).[1]

Jeri da wurin sauka: suratul Kauthar daya ce daga cikin surorin da suka sauka a Makka [Tsokaci 1], kuma ita ce sura ta goma sha biyar da aka saukar wa Annabi (S.A.W) bisa jerin sauka. Wannan surar ita ce sura ta 108 a tsarin Alkur'ani a yanzu kuma tana cikin juzi,i ta 30 na Alkur'ani.[2] Adadin ayoyi da kalmomi: Suratul Kausar tana da aya 3 da kalmomi 10 da haruffa 43. Wannan surar ita ce mafi kankantar surar Alkur'ani.[3]

Sha'anin Saukar Surar

Suratul Kauthar ta sauka ne a kan maganar da Asi bin Wa'il ya fada game da Annabi (S.A.W). Domin Abdullahi `dan Manzon Allah ya rasu kuma Annabi bai da da, sai ya ambaci Annabi da kalmar Abtar (Mai yankakiyar zuriya) a taron Dattijan Kuraishawa[4] Da wannan sura, Allah ya yi wa Annabi ta'aziyya cewa za a yi masa albarka mai yawa ya kuma yi masa bushara cewa makiyan sa za su fi muni.[5]

Abin da Yake Ciki

Suratul Kausar, wace kamar surorin Dhuha da Inshirah, ta yi magana ga Annabi (S.A.W) a cikin dukkan ayoyinta[6] tana nufin wata ni'ima da ake kira Kausar da Allah ya yi wa Annabinsa[7] Masu tafsiri sun fassara Kauthar a matsayin wata falala mai girma.[8] Alkhairin da aka roki Annabi ya yi salla da yankansa.[9]

Abubuwan Da Suke Amsa Sunan Kausar

Tushen Kasida: Kausar

Malaman tafsiri sun yi sabani a kan mene ne misalin Kausar. Tafkin Kausar, kogi a sama, Aljanna, alheri mai yawa, Musulunci, annabci, kur'ani, sahabbai da yawa da mabiya, Annabi da ceto da yawa an gabatar da su a matsayin misalin Kausar.[10] A tafsir Amsal, da yawa daga malaman Shi'a sun dauki Hazrat Fatima (AS) a matsayin daya daga cikin misali na Kausar: Domin a cikin surar an ambaci wadanda suka dauki Annabi ba tare da zuriya ba, alhalin zuriyar Annabi ta ci gaba tun daga `yarsa Fatimah (S) kuma su ne zuriyar da aka damka musu Imamanci[11] Abdullahi Jawadi Amoli 1312, mai tafsirin Alkur'ani yana cewa: "Surar da ke tafe tana tabbatar da cewa yawaitar ayyukan alheri da kyawawan ayyuka suna da alaka da tsatson Fatima Zahra (S) kuma daga cikin tsatsonta ne Imamanci Imamai goma sha daya ya fito, wadanda suka zama abin alfahari a duniya kuma a yanzu gabas da yammacin duniya suna mulki ne da suna mai albarka na wadannan Imamai goma sha daya (amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare su baki daya) da zuriyar su.[12] Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i babban malamin tafsirin shi'a yana fada a cikin Almizan cewa saboda manufar surar ita ce ta saukaka tunanin Annabi (SAW) sai aka yi amfani da kalmar "Zan baka" wanda ke nuni da mallakar Annabi (S.A.W). kausar, kuma sakamakon haka ‘ya'yan Fatima (S) su ne zuriya da zuriyar Annabi, kuma wannan yana daga labarin Gaibu na Alkur'ani, domin bayan wafatin Manzon Allah, Allah ya sanya albarka a cikinsa. tsara, ta yadda ba za a iya ganin wata al'umma a duk duniya ba, haka ma da dukkan bala'o'in da suka jawo wa iyalansa da gungun kungiyoyi, an kashe wasunsu a yakin Khanman Soz.[13]


Mabambantan Ra'ayoyi Dangane Da Fassarar Kalmar Naharu

Asalin Kasida: Naharu

Masu sharhi sun yi sabani game da fassarar kalmar Nahr. Malaman tafsiri irin su Fadlu Bin Hassan Ɗabarsi (ya rasu a shekara ta 548 bayan hijira)[15] da kuma Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i (ya rasu a shekara ta 1360 shamsi bayan hijira)[16] sun fassara shi da daga hannaye da gabatar da su gaban fuska a lokacin Kabbara, suna masu kawo hadisan Shi'a da Ahlu-Sunna. Sai dai kuma Ayatullahi Makarim Shirazi (an haife shi a shekara ta 1305 bayan hijira) yana ganin cewa tafsirinsa ya fi dacewa da sadaukarwa, domin ana son yin watsi da ayyukan mushrikai wadanda suka yi ibada da sadaukarwa ga wanin Allah.[17] Wasu malaman tafsiri sun fassara Naharu da tawili na sufanci, ta yadda Annabi ya yi narkar da duk wani son kai da son rai, ya narkar da baki dayan samuwarsa cikin Allah domin ya dawwama a cikin hasken tsira na gaskiya.[18]

Falala Da Hususiyar Karanta Suratul Kausar

Tushen Kasida: Falalolin Surori
Suratul Kauthar a saman rufin daya daga cikin guraren Haramin Imam Husaini (AS).

Rubuun Suratul Kausar Saman rufin ginin Haramin Imam Husaini (A.S) Abu Basir ya ruwaito daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) yana cewa: "Wanda ya karanta Suratul Kausar a cikin sallolin rana, a ranar Alkiyama zai sha daga Tafkin Kausar kuma zai kasance tare da Manzon Allah a karkashin Bishiyar Ɗoba[19] (S.A.W) littafin Majma'ul Albayan ya nakalto daga Annabi (S.A.W) ya ce: Duk wanda ya karanta suratul Kausar, Allah zai shayar da shi daga kogunan Aljanna kuma ya saka masa da adadin Layyar da bayin Allah suka yanka a ranar Idi, da abin da Ma'abota littafi da Mushirikai suka yi.Tabarsi,[20]

Karatun Suratu Kausar A Cikin Nafilfilu

A na so a karanta suratu Kauthar a wasu sallolin Nafila; ciki har da: Sallar dare 11 ga watan Ramadan: wannan sallah raka'a biyu ce; A kowace raka'a ana karanta suratul Hamdi sau daya, sannan kuma a karanta suratu Kauthar sau ashirin.[21] Sallar dare a ranar 18 ga watan Ramadan: Wannan salla ta kunshi raka'a hudu, a kowace raka'a, ana karanta suratul Hamad sau daya, sannan kuma a karanta suratul Kauthar sau ashirin da biyar.[22]

Ayyukan Fasaha

An zana Suratul Kauthar a wasu wuraren ibada da masallatai da Hubbarorin Ƴaƴan Imamai da makarantun addini ta hanyar rubutu ko tayal; Ciki har da ciki Haramin Imam Husaini (A.S)[23] Rubutu a cikin kabarin Sheikh Saduk a cikin rubutun hannun Ibrahim Tehrani.[24] Zanen sassakar rubutu A cikin Makarantar Sefahsalar[25] Sassakar rubutu gaban kofar shiga masallacin Sayyid A Isfahan.[26]

Matani

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيم ﴿﴾ إِنَّا أَعْطَيْنَاكَ الْكَوْثَرَ ۝١ فَصَلِّ لِرَبِّكَ وَانْحَرْ ۝٢ إِنَّ شَانِئَكَ هُوَ الْأَبْتَرُ ۝٣


(Quran: Suratul Kausar)


Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Khorramshahi, “Suratu Kauthar”, shafi na 1269.
  2. ↑ Marafet, Amuzeshi Ulumi kur’an, 1371, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 166.
  3. ↑ Khorramshahi, “Suratu Kauthar”, shafi na 1269
  4. ↑ Tabarsi, Majma Al Bayan, 1372, juzu'i na 10, shafi.836; Wahidi, Dalilan Saukar Alqur'ani, 1411H, shafi na 494.
  5. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir al-Namuneh, 1371, juzu'i na 27, shafi.369.
  6. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir al-Namuneh, 1371, juzu'i na 27, shafi na 370.
  7. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir al-Nashon, 1371, juzu'i na 27, shafi na 370-371
  8. ↑ Tabarsi, Majmam al-Bayan, 1372, juzu'i na 10, shafi.835.
  9. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir al-Namuneh, 1371, juzu'i na 27, shafi.372.
  10. ↑ Tabarsi, Majma al-Bayan, 1372, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 836 da 837; Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, 1390 AH, juzu'i na 20, shafi na 370.
  11. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir al-Namuneh, 1371, juzu'i na 27, shafi.375; Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, 1390 AH, juzu'i na 20, shafi na 370.
  12. ↑ Javadi Amoli, Abdullah, Duruss Tafsir, Surah Kauthar
  13. ↑ Tabatabaei, Al-Mizan, Manshurat Ismailian, juzu'i na 20, shafi.371.
  14. ↑ Khamagar, Muhammad, Sakhtar-i suraha-yi Qur'an-i karim, Mu'assisa-yi Farhangi-yi Qur'an wa 'Itrat-i Nur al-Thaqalayn, Qom: Nashra, ed.1, 1392 Sh.
  15. ↑ Tabarsi, Majmam al-Bayan, 1372, juzu'i na 10, shafi.837.
  16. ↑ Allameh Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, 1390 AH, juzu'i na 20, shafi na 372.
  17. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir al-Namuneh, 1371, juzu'i na 27, shafi.374.
  18. ↑ Ibnul Arabi, Tafsir Ibn Al-Arabi, 1422 Hijira, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 434.
  19. ↑ Sadouq, Thawab al-Amal, 1406 AH, shafi na 126 da 127.
  20. ↑ Tabarsi, Majma al-Bayan, 1372, juzu'i na 10, shafi.835.
  21. ↑ Ibnul Arabi, Tafsir Ibn Al-Arabi, 1422 Hijira, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 434.
  22. ↑ Qomi, Mufatih al-Jannan, sashen sallar dararen watan Ramadan.
  23. ↑ «کدام آیات و روایات در ضریح جدید امام حسین‌(ع) درج شده است» Shafin yanar gizo na mau'ud
  24. ↑ Mustafawi, Athar Tarikh, 1341 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 243.
  25. ↑ Mahjoor da Ali, “Parrsi Katiba-e-Masjid-Madrasa Shahid Motahhari (Sepahsalar),” shafi na 57.
  26. ↑ «مسجد سید اصفهان»، shafin yanar gizo na kawir da jawaban Iran.

Tsokaci

  1. ↑ Akwai sabanin ra'ayi game da wurin da aka saukar da suratu Kausar. Wasu suna ganin an saukar da ita a Makka, wasu kuma suna ganin an saukar da ita ne a Madina. Sanin kowa ne cewa suratu Kauthar daya ce daga cikin surorin Makka. (Makarim Shirazi, Tafsir Namuneh, 1374, juzu'i na 27, shafi na 368).

Nassoshi

  • Ibn al-Arabi Mohi al-Din, Tafsir Ibn Arabi, bincike, gyara da gabatarwa: Al-Sheikh Abd al-Warith Muhammad Ali, bugun: Al-Awla senna al-Tabb: 1422 - 2001 AD, mawallafi: Lebanon/ Beirut - Dar al-Kutub al-Elamiya, mawallafi: Dar al-Kutub al-Elamiya.
  • Khamegar, Mohammad, Tsarin surori na Kur'ani mai girma, wanda Cibiyar Al'adu ta Kur'ani da Atrat Noor al-Saqlain, Qum, Nashra Publishing House suka shirya, bugun farko, 1392.
  • Khorramshahi, Qawamuddin, "Surah Kauthar", in Encyclopedia of Quran and Quran Studies, Tehran: Dostan-Nahid, 1377.
  • Sadouq, Muhammad Bin Ali, sawab Amal wa ika ul Amal, Qum, Dar al-Sharif Razi, 1406H.
  • Tabatabaei, Mohammad Hossein, Al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an, Beirut, Al-Alami Institute for Press, 1390 AH.
  • Tabarsi, Fazl bin Hasan, Majma al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an, gabatarwar Mohammad Javad Balaghi, Tehran, Nasser Khosro, 1372.
  • Alqur'ani mai girma, Muhammad Mehdi Fouladvand, Tehran, Darul Qur'an al-Karim, 1418H/1376H.
  • Qomi, Sheikh Abbas, Mofatih al-Janan, Tehran, Asoah, 2004.
  • «کدام آیات و روایات در ضریح جدید امام حسین‌(ع) درج شده است» Shafin Mau'ud, an saka labarin a ranar 16 Mehr 1391, an duba a ranar 16 Azar 1400.
  • «مسجد سید اصفهان»، Shafin Kawirha da Hamada na Iran, an saka labarin a ranar 8 Dey 1390, an duba a ranar 16 Azar 1400.
  • Marafet, Mohammad Hadi, Amuzeshi ulum Kur'an, Cibiyar Buga Cibiyar Da'awar Musulunci, bugun farko, 1371.
  • Makarem Shirazi, Nasser, Tafsir al-Namuneh, Tehran, Darul Kutub al-Islamiyya, 1371.
  • Mehjoor, Firouz da Maysham Alii,Barasi kutaibahayen Shahid Motahari (Sephesalar) Masallaci-Madrasah", a cikin Fine Arts - Mujallar Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin, No. 48, Winter 2013.
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