Wafatin Annabi (S.A.W)

Daga wikishia
Zanen Sayyida Fatima (S) da Mala'ika Jibrilu a gafen shimfidar Annabi (S.A.W) Cikin Littafin Siratul Annabi wanda aka rubuta a karni na 11 bisa umarnin Sarkin daular usmaniyya Sayyid Sulaiman Kasim pasha

Wafatin Annabi (S.A.W)(Larabci: وفاة النبي (ص)) ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka faru a shekara ta 11 bayan hijira, sakamakon faruwa wannan lamari ne musulmi suka shiga cikin saɓani, haƙiƙa lamari wafatinsa ya yi tasiri matuƙar gaske cikin makomar musulmi. Bahasi dangane da wafatin Annabi ko shahadarsa da saƙonnin da ya ƙunsa, yana daga cikin muhimman bahasosin tarihin muslunci. Kan asasin riwayoyi waɗanda aka naƙalto daga madogaran shi'a da ahlus-sunna, an bayyana cewa wata mace bayahudiya ta shayar da Annabi (S.A.W) guba, kuma sanadin wannan guda ya yi shahada, sai dai cewa kuma wasu ba'arin sun tafi kan cewa Annabi (S.A.W) ya rasu ne rasuwa ta ɗabi'a da kowa yake yin irinta, a cewar Jafar Murtada Amili, malami mai dandaƙe binciken tarihin muslunci, haƙiƙa Manzon Allah (S.A.W) lokuta da daman gaske ya faɗa cikin hatsarin yunƙurin halaka rayuwarsa, kuma ya rasu ne sakamakon guba da aka ba shi.

Cikin madogaran tarihi an naƙalto muhimman abubuwa da suka faru a ƙarshen rayuwar Annabi (S.A.W) daga jumlarsu: batun aika rundunar Usama, da kuma batun tawada da alƙalami, bayanin hadisul saƙlaini da ayyana wasiyyin Annabi (S.A.W).

Bisa abin da ya zo a rahotannin tarihi, bayan wafatin Annabi (S.A.W) mutanen madina musammam ɗiyarsa Faɗima (S) sun shiga halin baƙin ciki da damuwa, Umar ɗan Khaɗɗab ya dage kan cewa lallai fa Annabi (S.A.W) bai rasu ba, tare da yin barazanar kisa ga mutanen da suka yarda da rasuwarsa, har loakcin da Abubakar ya zo ya kwantar da hankalin muatne tare da karanta aya ta 144 suratul alu Imran, wasu suna ganin wannan mataki da Umar ya ɗauka wani shiryayyen lamari ne domin assasa ƙarfi da ikon Abubakar don kaiwa ga halifanci.

A rahotan marubuta tarihi, Imam Ali (A.S) tare da taimakon muatne misalin Fadlu ɗan Abbas da Usamatu ɗan Zaidu ya shirya jana'izar Annabi (S.A.W) domin binne shi, ya kuma binne shi a gidansa, a lokacin binne shi, ba'arin shuwagabannin ansar da muhajirun sun taru a saƙifatu bani sa'ida, sannan saɓanin umarnin Annabi (S.A.W) sun zaɓi Abubakar matsayin halifan Annabi. Wafati ko shahada Annabi (S.A.W) bisa magana da ta shahara waurin ƴan shi'a ranar 28 ga watan safar, a wurin ahlus-sunna kuma 12 ga watan rabi'i awwal ta faru.

Muƙami

Annabi akram (S.A.W) a shekara ta 11 bayan hijira[1] a garin madina[2] ne ya rasu, dukkainin malaman tarihi sun yi ittifaƙi kan kasancewar Annabi (S.A.W) ya rasu ne a ranar litinin,[3] cikin malaman shi'a Shaik Mufid da Shaik ɗusi sun tafi kan cewa ya rasu ne a ranar 28 ga watan safar[4] Shaik Abbas ƙummi ya bayyana cewa wannan shi ne ra'ayin da mafi yawan malaman shi'a suka tafi a kansa.[5] a cewar Rasul Jafariyan mai nazari kan tarihi kuma ɗan shi'a, babu wata riwaya kan wannan magana.[6] ƴan bisa biyayya ga Shaik Mufid da Shaik ɗusi sun karɓi wannan magana ta 28 ga watan safar.[7]

Zaman makokin wafatin Annabi da haramin Imam Rida (A.S) 28 ga watan safar.[8]

Ahlus-sunna game da waƙi'ar rasuwar Annabi (S.A.W) sun tafi kan cewa ta faru ne a watan rabi'i awwal,[9] sai dai kuma suna da saɓani a ranar nawa ga watan ya rasu, wasunsu sun tafi kan cewa ya rasu 1 ga wata, wasu kuma biyu ga wata,[10] sannan wasu jama'a daga cikinsu sun tafi kan 12 ga wata,[11] wasu suna ganin 12 ga wata itace maganar da tafi shahara a wurin ahlus-sunna.[12] Erbili marubucin manƙabobi kuma ɗan shi'a shi ma a cikin littafin Kashful Al-gumma ya naƙalto riwaya daga Imam Baƙir (A.S) da take bayyana cewa ranar 2 ga watan rabi'i awwal Annabi (S.A.W) ya rasu,[13] amma kuma Shaik Abbas ƙummi ya ɗora wannan riwaya kan taƙiyya.[14] kamar dai yadda malamai biyu na shi'a Kulaini da Muhammad ɗan Jarir ɗabari suma suka tafi kan cewa ya rasu ne a 12 ga watan rabi'i awwal.[15]

Madogarai misalin As-siratul Annbawiyya wanda Ibn Hisham (Wafati:218.h.ƙ) ya rubuta,[16] Aɗɗabaƙatul Al-kubra na Muhammad ɗan Sa'ad (Wafati:230.h.ƙ),[17] Tarikh Yaƙubi na Ahmad ɗan Yaƙub (Wafati:284.h.ƙ),[18] Al-Irshad na Shaik Mufid (Wafati:413.h.ƙ),[19] da As-sahihu min siratil Annabiyyil Al-azam na Jafar Murtada Amili (Wafati:1441.h.ƙ) dukkanin waɗannan litattafai sun tattaro bahasosi dangane da wafatin Annabi (S.A.W).[20]

Abubuwan Da Suka Biyo Bayan Wafatin Annabi

Haƙiƙa wannan al'amari da ya faru ya kasance tare da muhimmin bayyanannen tasirin cikin makomar musulmi,[21] kai tsaye ba tare da jinkiri ko ɓata lokaci ba, bayan wafatin Annabi, aka samu wasu jama'a daga manyan ansar da muhajirun suka taru a saƙifatu bani sa'ida suka zaɓi Abubakar matsayin halifa.[22] bayan nan kuma sai magoya bayan sabon halifa suka kai hari gidan Faɗima ɗiyar Annabi da uzurin karɓar bai'a daga Ali (A.S).[23] cikin wannan hari ne suka ji wa Faɗima ciwo,[24] a imanin ƴan shi'a wannan hari sababin shahadantar da ita.[25] a imanin ƴan shi'a haƙiƙa bayan wafatin Annabi, musulmi sun watsi da wasiccin Annabi game da halifancin Imam Ali (A.S).[26] saɓanin mai zurfi kan halifanci ya faru tsakanin al'umma musulmi, wanda hakan ya haifar ɓulla manyan mazhabobi daga shi'a da ahlus-sunna.[27]

ƙasashen daban-daban a faɗin duniya duk shekara suna shirya zaman makokin ranar zagayowar shahadar Annabi (S.A.W).[28]a ƙasar Iran ranar 28 ga watan safar ran ace ta hutu a hukumance sakamakon tunawa da wafati ko shahadar Annabi (S.A.W) sannan ƴan shi'a suna shirya zaman makoki bisa tunawa da wannan rana.[29]

Batun Shayar Da Annabi Guba

Game da maganar cewa shin da gaske ne Annabi ya yi mutuwa ta ɗabi'a da aka saba ko kuma dai ya rasu sakamakon guba, akwai rahotannin guda biyu kan wannan magana.[30] wasu sun tafi kan cewa ya rasu salin alin kamar yadda kowa yake rasuwa.[31] amma cikin littafin Al-kafi bisa wani hadisi da aka naƙalto daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S),[32] littafin Basa'irul Ad-darajat litattafai biyu na shi'a,[33] da kuma ɗabaƙatul Ibn Sa'ad littafin tarihi a ƙarni na uku, sun kasance ɗauke da wasu rahotanni da suke nuna cewa rashin lafiyar Annabi (S.A.W) a ƙarshen rayuwarsa ta samo asali ne daga wani naman ragp da yaci da yake ɗauke da guba bayan fatahu khaibar, wanda wata mata bayahudiya ta kawo masa shi da sahabbansa.[34]

Shaik Mufid,[35]Shaik ɗusi,[36] Allama Hilli,[37] da marubutan ba'arin madogaran ahlus-sunna misalin Sahihu Bukhari,[38] Sunanu Darami,[39] da Al-mustadrak alas As-sahihaini[40] ƙarara sun bayyana cewa Annabi ya rasu sakamakon guba. Jafar Murtada Amili daga masana tarihi a shi'a, ya tattaro rahotanni daga madogaran shi'a da ahlus-sunna da suke bayyana yunƙurin halakar da rayuwar Annabi.[41] malamin ya tafi kan cewa Annabi ya yi shahada ne sakamakon gubar da aka bashi.[42] kuma yana ganin cewa waɗanda suka shayar da shi guba ba wasu ba ne illa maƙiya na cikin gida.[43] kamar dai yadda aka naƙalto cikin tafsirul Ayyashi daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) cewa waɗanda suka shayar da Annabi guba mutane ne biyu daga matansa.[44]

Hadisul Ladud

Tushen ƙasida: Hadis Ladud

Mas'alar ladun da wasu suke ganin matsayin ƙagaggiyar magana ta ƙarya,[45] wasu suke ganinta matsayin camfi da tatsuniya,[46] ita ma tana daga abubuwa da suka faru lokacin rashin kafiyar Annabi (S.A.W) a ƙarshen rayuwarsa. Cikin littafin Sahihul Bukhari da ɗabaƙatul Ibn Sa'ad an naƙalto daga A'isha cewa kwanakin ƙarshen rayuwar Annabi da cikinsu ya fuskanci tsanani ciwo ta kai ga yana suma. Sun ɗura masa ladud (Magani ne mai ɗaci na masu ciwon ƙirji da kunkuru) a baki. Sai dai cewa a wannan hali da suke ɗura masa ya yi ishara da cewa su bari su dena, lokacin da ya ɗan samu sauƙi, ya bada umarni da a ɗura wannan maganin cikin bakin dukkanin mutanen da suke wajen in banda baffansa Abbas.[47] Najami mai zurfafa nazari kuma ɗan shi'a ya kawo tsammanin cewa waɗanda suka ƙirƙiri wannan hadisi sun ƙirƙire shi ne domin tabbatar da abin da Umar ya yi cikin al'amarin alƙalami da tawada da Umar ya tuhumi Annabi da fita daga hayyacinsa da kuma surutai na ruɗewa.[48]

Binne Annabi (S.A.W)

Ibn Sa'ad ya naƙalto cewa haƙiƙa bayan wafatin Annabi (S.A.W) mutane sun shiga cikin matsanancin baƙin ciki da damuwa.[49] ƴarsa Faɗima (S) ta dinga kuka ba ƙaƙƙautawa tana faɗin “Ya babana” tana ta rusa kuka, an ce bayan wafatin mahaifinsa ba a ƙara ganinta tana dariya ba.[50] a cikin Nahjul Balaga an naƙalto daga Imam Ali (A.S) cewa ƙofa da bango da mala'iku sun dinga ƙaraji saboda makokinsa.[51]

A rahotan madogaran tarihi, ya zo cewa Annabi (S.AW) ya rasu kwance a ƙirjin Ali (A.S)[52] sannan shi ne ya yi masa wankan gawa tare da taimakon Fadlu ɗan Abbas da Usamatu ɗan Zaidu, ya wanke shi ta saman rigarsa ba tare da ya cire masa rigarba, bayan nan ya sanya masa likkafani.[53] bisa shawarar Ali (A.S),[54] mutane sun shigo gidan Annabi rukuni bayan rukuni, sun sallaci Annabi ba tare da sun bi wani limami ba, an ci gaba da bin wannan tsari har wayewar gari.[55] bisa abin da ya zo cikin wasu riwayoyi, an bada shawarwari daban-daban kan wuri da yafi dacewa a binne shi, sai dai kuma bisa tabbatarwa Ali (A.S) kan cewa Allah ya ɗauki ran Annabi (S.A.W) a mafi tsarkakar wuri sai duka mutane suka yarda aka binne shi a gidansaa wannan wuri da Allah ya karɓi ransa gidansa ɗakin A'isha.[56] Ubaidatu ɗan Jarra da Zaidu ɗan Sahal ne suka haƙa kabarinsa.[57] sai Ali (A.S) ya binne shi tare da taimakon Fadlu ɗan Abbas da Usamatu ɗan Zaidu.[58]

Batun Halifanci

Haƙƙin halifancin Annabi (S.A.W) da jagorantar gwamnatin muslunci bayan wafatin Annabi (S.A.W), yana daga cikin mafi muhimmancin batutuwa kuma ya kasance asalin dalilin rarrabuwar musulmai.[59]] kan wannan asasi ne abubuwan da suka faru kafin rasuwarsa da kuma lokacin kaɗan bayan rasuwarsa suna cikin abubuwa da aka siffanta su abubuwa da suka faru mafi hatsari da suke cuɗanye da siyasar ɓoye-ɓoye da rikirkicewar lamurra.[60] kan asasin faifaicewa da nazarin madogaran shi'a, Annabi domin tabbatar da magajinsa Ali bayan shelar da ya yi a ghadir, ya yi baƙin ƙoƙari ya nesanta waɗanda suke da matsala da halifancin Ali (A.S) daga garin madina cikin sanya su membobin rundunar Usama.[61] da kuma rubuta wasiyyarsa game da wanda zai zo a bayansa,[62] a lokuta da dama ya yi ta maimaita Ambato da kuma tabbatar da hadisul saƙlaini,[63] ya kuma ayyana wasiyyinsa a bayansa.[64] tare kuma da hana Abubakar jan sallar jam'i.[65]

Kan asasin rahotannin tarihi, tsarin mu'amalar da sahabbai suka yi da mas'alar halifanci ya kasance nau'i biyu: wasu gungun jama'a sun ce kwata-kwata Annabi babu wani mutum da ya ayyana a halifans magajinsa, sun tafi saƙifatu bani sa'ida sun tattaru a can suka zaɓi Abubakar a matsayin halifa.[66] wasu jama'a kuma daga bani hashim bisa maganar da Annabi (S.A.W) sun yi amanna da cewa Ali (A.S) shi ne wanda Annabi (S.A.W) ya ayyana halifansa bayansa, da wannan dalili tsawon lokaci ba su yi bai'a ga Abubakar ba.[67] saɓani tsakanin waɗannan jama guda biyu a garin madina shi ne dalilin da ya janyo kai hari gidan Ali.[68] bisa abin da ya zo daga ba'arin rahotanni har zuwa bayan shahadar Faɗima Ali bai yi bai'a ga Abubakar ba.[68] bisa littafin Sulaimi bin ƙaisi da wasu madogaran daban, lokacin da Annabi (S.A.W) yake a raye an samu wasu mutane da sun haɗe kai da yin alƙawari da yarjejeniya a junansu kan ayyana wane ne zai halifanci Annabi (S.A.W) a bayansa. Wannan batu ya zo cikin madogara da aka ambata da take sahifatul mal'una (Tsinanniyar takardar yarjejeniya).[69]

Nazari

Akwai rubuce-rubuce da aka yi masu cin gashin kansu game da wafatin Annabi (S.A.W) galibinsu sun kasance daga ɓangaren marubuta ahlus-sunna, daga jumlarsu akwai misalin:

  • Wafatin Annabiyyi (S.A.W), na Abdul-wahid Al-muzaffar. Ya kawo abubuwa kamara haka: dalilin wafati, rashin lafiyar Annabi da tsayin lokacin rashin lafiyae da sababinta, abubuwan da suka faru lokacin wafatin, shirya jana'iza da binne shi, zaman makoki.[70]
  • Wafatin Annabiyyi Muhammad (S.A.W), na Shaik Husaini Al-darrazi Al-bahraini, wanda cibiyar Al-balag bairut ta buga shi.[71]
  • Wafati Rasulillahi (S.A.W) wa Maudi'i Kabarihi, tare da alƙalamin Nabilu Al-hasani, cikin wannan littafi an yi ishara zuwa ga yadda wafatin Annabi (S.A.W) ya kasance, wurin da aka binne shi, saɓanin da ya faru tsakanin sahabbai.[72]
  • Wafatin Annabiyyi (S.A.W) Wa Azlamatul Madina, na Nazzar Anna'alawani Al-asƙalani, wanda darul minhaj bairut ta buga shu a shekarar 1434 bayan hijira.[73]
  • Salwatul Al-ka'ib Biwafatil Al-habib (S.A.W) tare da alƙalamin Ibn Nasirid-dini da binciken Salihu Yusuf Ma'atuƙ, wannan littafi ya bahasi kan abubuwa da suka faruwa bayan wafati da ta'aziyya da zaman makokin mala'iku, ƴaƴa da matan Annabi.[74]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Sheikh Mufid, Al-Irshad, 1410H, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 182; Tabari, Tarikh al-Tabari, 1387 Hijira, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 200.
  2. ↑ Sheikh Mofid, Al-Irshad, 1413 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 182; Tabari, Tarikh al-Tabari, 1387 Hijira, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 195
  3. ↑ Jafarian, Sira Rasool Khoda (SAW), 2003, shafi na 682.
  4. ↑ Sheikh Mofid, Al-Irshad, 1413 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 189; Sheikh Tusi, Tahzeeb al-Ahkam, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 2.
  5. ↑ Qommi, Mentehi al-Amal, 1379, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 249.
  6. ↑ Jafarian, Sira Rasool Khoda (SAW), 2003, shafi na 682.
  7. ↑ Jafarian, Sira Rasool Khoda (SAW), 2003, shafi na 682.
  8. ↑ «[Photos Mourning of Imam Ali’s (AS) shrine servants on the occasion of 28th of Safar»]، خبرگزاری شفقنا.
  9. ↑ Ibn Kathir, al-Bidaya wa al-Nihaya, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 254; Sohaili, Al-Ruz al-Anaf, 1412 AH, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 579.
  10. ↑ Tabari, Tarikh-e-Tabari, 2008, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 200; Suhaili, Al-Rawd al-Naf, 1412 AH, juzu'i na 7, shafi.
  11. ↑ Ibn Kathir, al-Badaiya wa al-Nahaiya, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 276; Waqadi, al-Mughazi Lalwaqadi, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi.1089; Khalifa bin Khayat, Tarikh Khalifa bin Khayat 1415 AH, shafi na 46; Masoudi, Moruj al-Dhahab, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 280.
  12. ↑ Tari Jalil, “Ta'ammuli dar Tarikh wafati payambar (SAW)”, shafi na 12.
  13. ↑ Qomi, Mentehi al-Amal, 1379, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 249.
  14. ↑ Qomi, Mentehi al-Amal, 1379, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 249.
  15. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1362, juzu'i na 4, shafi.439; Tabari, al-Mustarashd, 1415 AH, shafi 115.
  16. ↑ Ibn Hisham, Al-Siratun Annabawiyya, Dar Al-Ma’rifa, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 649-666.
  17. ↑ Ibn Saad, Thabaqat Al-Kubra, 1410H, Juzu'i na 2, shafi na 129-253.
  18. ↑ Yaqoubi, Tarikh Yaqoubi, Dar Sadir, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 113-115.
  19. ↑ Sheikh Mufid, Al-Irshad, 1413H, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 179-192.
  20. ↑ Ameli, Sahih Man Sirah al-Nabi' al-Azam, 1385, juzu'i na 33, shafi na 125-355 da shafi na 230-5.
  21. ↑ Duba: Shahidi, Tarikh Tahlili Islam, 1390, shafi na 106-107.
  22. ↑ Tabari, Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Muluk, 1387, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 201-203.
  23. ↑ Ibn Qutaybah, Al-Imama wa Al-Siyasa, 1410 BC, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 30-31.
  24. ↑ Mas'udi, Isabatul al-Wasiyya, 2005, shafi na 146.
  25. ↑ Mahdi, Al-Hujum, 1425H, shafi na 221-356.
  26. ↑ Duba: Shahidi, Tarikh Tahlili Islam, 1390, shafi na 106-107.
  27. ↑ Duba Tabatabai, Shi'a dar Islam, 1378, shafi na 28.
  28. ↑ «مراسم سالروز رحلت پیامبر اکرم(ص) در خارج از کشور»، خبرگزاری مهر.
  29. ↑ برای نمونه نگاه کنید به «حرکت و تجمع دسته‌جات عزاداری در سالروز رحلت پیامبر اکرم(ص) در بوشهر»، خبرگزاری تسنیم.
  30. ↑ Aamili, Sahih Min Sirat al-Nabi' al-Azam, 2005, juzu'i na 33, shafi na 141-158.
  31. ↑ Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Sharhin Nahj al-Balaghah, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 266.
  32. ↑ Kilini, al-Kafi, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 315, hadisi na 3.
  33. ↑ Saffar, Basaer al-Darajat, 1404 BC, shafi na 503.
  34. ↑ Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabaqat al-kubra, vol. 2, shafi na 155-156.
  35. ↑ Sheikh Mufid, Al-Muqnah, 1413 BC, shafi na 456.
  36. ↑ Tusi, Tahzeeb al-Ahkam, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 2.
  37. ↑ Hali, Mantehi al-Muttalib, 1412 AH, juzu'i na 13, shafi na 259.
  38. ↑ Al-Bukhaari, Sahih al-Bukhari, vol. 6, shafi na 9, Hadisi 4428.
  39. ↑ Al-Darmi, Sunan al-Darmi, vol. 1, shafi na 207, shafi na 68.
  40. ↑ Hakim Nishaburi, al-Mustadrak, vol. 3, shafi na 61, Hadisi 4395.
  41. ↑ Al-'A wauta, al-Sahih min Sirat al-Nabi al-'Azam, vol. 33, pp. 141-158.
  42. ↑ Al-'A wauta, al-Sahih min Sirat al-Nabi al-'Azam, vol. 33, shafi na 159.
  43. ↑ Ameli, Sahih Man Sirat al-Nabi' al-Azam, 2005, juzu'i na 33, shafi na 193-159.
  44. ↑ Ayashi, Kitab al-Tafseer, 1380, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 200.
  45. ↑ Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Sharhin Nahj al-Balaghah, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 13, shafi na 32; Najmi, “Dastani durugin darbaraye payambar (SAW)”, shafi na 120.
  46. ↑ Al-'A wauta, al-Sahih min Sirat al-Nabi al-'Azam, vol. 32, shafi na 130.
  47. ↑ Bukhari, Sahihul Bukhari, 1422 AH, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 14, hadisi na 4458 da juzu'i na 7, shafi na 127, hadisi na 5712; Ibn Saad, Tabaqat Al-Kubra, 1410H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 181.
  48. ↑ Najmi, “Dastani durugin darbaraye Payambar (SAW)”, shafi na 120.
  49. ↑ Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabaqat al-kubra, vol. 2, shafi na 238.
  50. ↑ Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabaqat al-kubra, vol. 2, shafi 237-238.
  51. ↑ Seyyed Rezi, Nahj al-Balaghah (Sobhi Saleh), 1414 A.D., shafi na 311, wa'azi, 197.
  52. ↑ Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabaqat al-kubra, vol. 2, shafi na 201.
  53. ↑ Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, 1410 A.q., vol. 2, shafi na 212 da 214; Ibn Hisham, As-siratul Annabayiyya, Dar al-Maarifa, vol. 2, pp. 662-263.
  54. ↑ Al-Shaykh al-Mufid, al-Irshad, vol. 1, shafi na 188.
  55. ↑ Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabaqat al-kubra, vol. 2, p. 220;
  56. ↑ Irbili, Kashf al-Ghumma, vol. 1, shafi na 19.
  57. ↑ Ibn Hisham, Al-siaratun Annabawiyya, Dar Al-Ma’rifa, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 263.
  58. ↑ Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabaqat al-kubra, vol. 2, shafi na 229.
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  62. ↑ Al-Bukhaari, Sahih al-Bukhari, vol. 6, shafi na 9, Hadisi 4432.
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  66. ↑ Ibn Qutaiba, Imama wa Al-Siyasah, 1410 AH, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 22; Ibn Athir, Al-Kamal fi al-Tarikh, Dar Sadir, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 327.
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  70. ↑ Al-Muzaffar, Abdul Wahed, 1386 AH, shafi na 3.
  71. ↑ Darazi, Wafat Annabiyi Muhammad (SAW), 1428 Miladiyya, shafi na 2.
  72. ↑ «وفاة رسول الله (ص) و موضع قبره»، بازار کتاب قائمیه.
  73. ↑ Al-Nalawani, Wafat Annabiyyi (SAW), 1434 BC, shafi na 2
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«حرکت و تجمع دسته‌جات عزاداری در سالروز رحلت پیامبر اکرم(ص) در بوشهر»، خبرگزاری تسنیم، تاریخ درج مطلب: ۵ آبان ۱۳۹۸ش، تاریخ بازدید: ۱ مرداد ۱۴۰۳ش.

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