Huɗubar Shiƙshiƙiyya

Ƙara hanyoyin mahaɗar
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Huɗubar shiƙshiƙiyya (Larabci: خطبة الشقشقية) ko muƙammisa tana cikin shahararrun huɗubobin nahajul balaga. Imam Ali (A.S) a cikin wannan huɗuba ya yi suka da sanya alamun tambaya kan tsarin tafiyarwar gwamnatocin halifofi uku da suka gabace shi.

Mihiwari da tushen abin da wannan huɗuba ta kafu akai su ne kamar haka: yanayin halin siyasa a zamanin halifofi uku na farko, dalilin kame bakinsa tsawon shekaru ashirin da biyar, dalilan da suka sanya shi yarda ya karɓi halifanci, ƙungoyoyin siyasa a zamanin Imam Ali da dalilan karkacewarsu daga addini.

matakai ƙarara da Imam Ali (A.S) ya ɗauka game da mas'alar halifancin Annabi (S.A.W) cikin wannan huɗuba ya sanya ba'arin ahlus-sunna inkari da ƙaryata bakiɗayan littafin nahajul balaga bawai kawai iya wannan huɗuba ba. Kishiyar haka, malaman shi'a sun ba da amsa cewa huɗubar shiƙshiƙiyya huɗuba ce da aka naƙalto cikin mabambantan litattafan hadisi, kuma abin da yake cikinta mutawatiri ne tawatiri ma'anawi.

kari kan shrhi da tarjamomi da aka rubuta kan wannan huduba a cikin kammalallen nahajul balaga, akwai keɓantattun sharhi na musamman da aka yi kan wannan huɗuba cikin harshen farisanci da larabci, daga jumlarsu ana iya ishara da Sharhu Al-khuɗbati Al-shiƙshƙiyya talifin Muhammad Rida Hakimi da Ahi Suzan na Ali Asgar Rezwani

Matsayi Da Gabatarwa

Huɗubar shiƙshiƙiyya tana daga mafi shaharar huɗubobin cikin littafin nahajul balaga[1] da shi'a da ahlus-sunna ua naƙalto ta.[2] wannan huɗuba ana ɗaukar ta mafi muhimmancin huɗubobi, saboda cikin ta ƙarara an yi magana game da mas'aloli da batutuwa da suka shafi halifancin Annabi (S.A.W).[3] kasancewar Imam Ali (A.S) cikin wannan huɗuba ya yi nuna kokawa kan zaɓar halifofin da sa gabace shi da muƙamin halifanci, wannan huɗuba ta kasance huɗuba mai motsar da bahasi a cikin nahajul balaga;[4] saboda ɗaukar matakai ƙarara da Imam (A.S) ya yi cikin mas'alar halifancin Annabi (S.A.W), ba'arin shubuhohin ahlus-sunna sun bayyana kan wannan huɗuba.[5] kuma hakan ya zama dalili da sababin da ya sanya ba'arinsu ƙarya ingancin dukkanin littafin nahajul balaga.[6]

Cikin wannan huɗuba an yi bayani mahangar Imam Ali (A.S) game da shekarun mulkin halifofi uku na farko da suka gabace shi, mihiwari na asalin wannan huɗuba shi ne mas'alar halifanci, hali da yanayin siyasa a zamanin halifofi uku na farko, dalilin kame bakin Imam Ali (A.S) tsawon shekaru 25, manufa da hadafin yarda da karɓar halifanci, ƙungiyoyin siyasa a zamanin Imam Ali da dalilan karkacewarsu daga addini.[7] wannan huɗuba an sanya mata suna shiƙshiƙiyyya ne bisa la'akari da maganar Imam Ali (A.S) da yake cewa: (تِلْکَ شِقْشِقَةٌ هَدَرَتْ ثُمَّ قَرَّتْ) (shiƙshiƙhiƙiyya: harshen wuta da yake ci daga zuciyar harshe).[8] bisa la'akari da farkon jumlar cikin huɗubar kamar haka: (واللّهِ لَقَدْ تَقَمَّصَها فلان) ana kiranta da sunan “Muƙammisa” idan aka ce taƙammasaha ma'ana ya rigantu da ita.[9]

Kan asasin naƙalin Ibn Abbas, Imam Ali (A.S) yana tsaka da bayanin wannan huɗuba sai aka kawo masa wasiƙa take ya yanke huɗubar kuma bai sake ci gaba ba. Daidai da wannan naƙali, Ibn Abbas a tsawon rayuwarsa bai taɓa yin baƙin ciki kan yankewar wani zance ba kamar yadda ya yi kan yankewar wannan huɗuba.[10] Sayyid Abdul-zahara Al-husaini Al-khaɗib, marubucin littafin Masadiru Nahjil Al-balaga Wa Asanidihu, ya yi amanna da cewa tabbas mutumin da ya yanke Imam Ali (A.S) daga wannan huɗuba da ya kasance tsaka da bayaninta mutum ne jahili ko kuma dai munafuki, wand aya zama sanadiyyar hana Imam Ali (A.S) bayyana abin da yake son bayyanarwa.[11]

Sunan Kwafi Lambar huɗaba[12]
Kwafin Subhi Saleh, Faizul Islam, Iban Maisam, Fi Zilal, Ibn Abil Al-hadid, Abduhu, Mulla Salhu Wa Al-mujam Al-mufahras 3
Kwafain Mulla Fatahullahi 3

Ingancin Huɗubar Shiƙshiƙiyya

Huɗubar shiƙshiƙiyya ta zo a mabambantan litattafan hadisi[13] kuma wasu ba'ari masi bincike tare d adogara kan adadin sanadanta, sun tabbatar da cewa huɗuba ce da za a iya dogara da ita,[14] wasu kuma sun tafi kan kasancewarta huɗuba mutawatira.[15] tare da haka a ra'ayin Ibn Maisam Baharani (Daga masu sharhin nahajul balaga) duk da cewa ƙorafin Imam Ali kan halifofi uku da suka gabace shi ya tabbata da tawatiri, amma ba za a iya da'awa da cewa lafuzzan da aka yi amfani da su cikin huɗuba sun kai haddin tawatiri lafazi ba.[16]

Kishiyar haka, ba'arin malaman ahlus-sunna sun yi inkari kan ingancin danganta wannan huɗuba ga Imam Ali (A.S),[17] tare da bayyana cewa ƙirƙira ce kawai ta Sayyid Radiyu ko Sayyid Murtada.[18] a cewar Ibn Maisam dalilin da ya sanya su inkarin wannan huɗuba ya ɓuɓɓugo daga abin da suka yi Imani na cewa sahabbai ba su da ko wane irin saɓani cikin batun halifanci, sakamakon ita wannan huɗuba ta ƙunshi bayanin saɓanin Imam Ali (A.S) tare da halifofi uku da suka gabace shi, shi ne dalili da ya sanya ahlus-sunna inkarin wannan huɗuba, domin hana ɓullar fitina tsakankanin musulmai.[19]

Cikin amsa da aka bawa ahlus-sunna, ana cewa shi maudu'in kwacen halifanci da Abubakar da Umar suka yi, a lokuta da daman gaske Imam Ali (A.S) ya yi bayani kansa, a cikin riwayoyi mustafiz sun yaɗu matuƙa.[20] ƙari kan wannan, wannan huɗuba akwai ta cikin rubuce-rubuce tun kafin tattara littafin nahajul balaga da haɗa shi[21] a shekara ta 400 ƙamari.[22] kamar dai yadda Shaik Saduƙ (Wafati: 381.ƙamari) a cikin littafin Ilalul Ash-shara'i[23] da littafin Ma'ani Al-akhbar ya naƙalto ta.[24]

Ku duba: Kwacen Halifanci

Wuri Da Lokacin Da Aka Yi Huɗubar

A cewar masu dandaƙe bincike, Imam Ali (A.S) ya yi wannan huɗuba a ƙarshe-ƙarshen rayuwarsa (ƙarshen shekara ta 38 ko 39 hijira ƙamari).[25] domin ita wannan huɗuba suka ce kan halifancin halifofi uku na farko da suka gabace shi, tare da ishara game da yaƙin da ya yi da nakisin (Ya faru a shekara 36, hijira ƙamari),[26] yaƙinsa da ƙasiɗin (Ya farru shekara ta 37 hijira ƙamari)[27] da kuma yaƙin da ya yi da mariƙin (Ya faru shekara[28] ta 38 hijira ƙamari).[29]

Daidai da abin da ya zo daga ba'arin riwayoyi, Imam (A.S) ya yi wannan huɗuba ne a “Ruhuba”[30] (wani wuri ne a garin kufa ko kuma dai wata maraya da take nisan kilo mita 44 da garin kufa)[31] ko a kan wani mimbarin masallaci.[32] a cikin ba'arin riwayoyi an taƙaitu da ambaton huɗubar ba tare da bayanin wurin da Imam ya yi huɗubar ba.[33]

Sharhi

Littafin Kutbe Shikshikiyya talifin Muhammad Rida Hakimi

Baya ga sharhi da tarjamomi da aka yi wa wannan huɗuba cikin tarjamomi da sharhi-sharhi da aka yi kan bakiɗayan littafin nahajul balaga, akwai sharhi-sharhi na musamman da aka keɓance wannan huɗuba da shi cikin harshen farisanci da larabci.[34] ba'arin waɗannan sharhi-sharhi su ne kamar haka:

  • Sharhul Al-khuɗbatil Al-shiƙshiƙiyya, talifin Muhammad Rida Hakimi: maɗabba'ar Alwafa'u Bairut ta buga shi a shekarar 1402 hijira ƙamari.[35]
  • Al-shiƙshiƙiyya, tare da alƙalamin Abdur-Rasul Gafari: wannan littafin ya na tattare da fasali guda tara.[36] an buga shi shekarar 1432 hijira ƙamari. ƙarƙashin kulawar Maɗabba'ar Darul Al-wila bairut littafi ne mai shafi 237.[37]
  • Al-naƙdul Al-shadid Ala Sharhi Al-shiƙshiƙiyya Al-alawiyya Bi Ibn Abil Al-hadid, talifin Muhsin Al-shaik Hassan Ale Karim Al-bazuni: wannan littafi manya-manyan malamai misalin Agha Buzurg Tehrani, Sayyid Muhammad Sadiƙ Ale Bahrul Ulum da Sayyid Muhammad Mahadi Musawi Isfahani duk sun rubuta yabo kansa, maɗabba'ar Al-najaf ce ta buga shi a shekarar 1383, littafin yana da shafuka 324.[38]
  • Isbatul Al-wasiyyati Fi Sharhi Al-khuɗbatul Al-shiƙshiƙiyya, tare da alƙalamin Isma'il Ibrahim Al-hariri: maɗabba'ar Darul Al-wila ce ta buga shi shekarar 1424, ya ƙunshi shafuka 632.[39]
  • Ahi Suzan; Sharhi Bar Khuɗbe Shiƙishiƙiyya, na Ali Asgar Rezwani: kamfanin Inisharat Dalil suka fitar da shi a shekarar 1389, littafi ne mai shafuka 286.[40]

Bayanin Kula

  1. ↑ Sheikh Mufid, Al-Jamal, 1371, shafi na 126.
  2. ↑ Hakimi, Sharh al-Khutba al-Shaghaqiya, 1402 AH, shafi na 126
  3. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Payame Imam (AS), 1386, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 318.
  4. ↑ Ibn Maitham Bahrani, Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 251.
  5. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Payame Imam (AS), 1386, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 318.
  6. ↑ Hakimi, Sharh al-Khutbe al-Shaghaqiya, 1402 AH, shafi na 126.
  7. ↑ Duba: Nahj al-Balagha, Sahih Sobhi Saleh, 1414 AH, Khutbah 3, shafi na 48-50.
  8. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Payame Imam (AS), 1386, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 318.
  9. ↑ Beyhaqi, Ma'arij Nahj al-Balagheh, 1409 AH, Sashe na 2, shafi na 80.
  10. ↑ Nahj al-Balagha, Tashihu Subhi Saleh, 1414 AH, Huduba ta 3, shafi na 50.
  11. ↑ Al-Husaini al-Khatib, Masadir Nahj al-Balaghah wa Asanidihu, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 335.
  12. ↑ An nakalto daga: Dashti, da Kazem Mohammadi, Al-Mu'ajm al-Mufahras li Al-Faz Nahj al-Balagheh, 1375, jadawalin bambance-bambancen kwafi-kwafi, shafi na 507.
  13. ↑ Don ganin madogaran wannan hadisi, duba: Dashti, Nahj al-Balagheh Asnad wa madarik, 1378, shafi na 61-63.
  14. ↑ Ibn Maitham Bahrani, Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, 1404 AH, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 252.
  15. ↑ Ibn Maitham Bahrani, Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, 1404 AH, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 251.
  16. ↑ Ibn Maitham Bahrani, Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, 1404 AH, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 252.
  17. ↑ Ibn Maitham Bahrani, Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, 1404 AH, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 251.
  18. ↑ Dawani, “Sayyid Razi, muallif Nahj al-Balagha,” 1373 AH, shafi na 126.
  19. ↑ Ibn Maitham Bahrani, Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 251.
  20. ↑ Ghafari, Al-Shaqshaqiyya, 1432H, shafi na 22.
  21. ↑ Sayyed Razi, Nahj al-Balagheh, Tashihu Sobhi Saleh, 1414 AH, shafi 559.
  22. ↑ Duba: Jafari, Partowi z Nahj al-Balagheh, 1380, shafi na 124-125.
  23. ↑ Sheikh Sadouq, Ilalaul Al-Shara'i, 1385, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 151-150.
  24. ↑ Sheikh Sadouq, Ma'ani al-Akhbar, 1403 AH, shafi na 361-362.
  25. ↑ Jafari, Partowye az Nahj al-Balagha, 1380 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 128. ↑
  26. ↑ Yaqubi, Tarikh Yaqubi, Dar Sader, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 182.
  27. ↑ Ibn Muzahim, Waq'a Siffin, 1382 BC, shafi na 202.
  28. ↑ Baladhari, Ansab al-Ashraf, 1394 BC, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 362.
  29. ↑ Khoyi, Minhaj al-Bara’ah, 1400 AH, juzu’i na 3, shafi na 32. ↑
  30. ↑ Mufid, Irshad, 1413 BC, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 287; Qutb Rawandi, Minhaj al-Bara’ah fi Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, 1406 AH, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 133.
  31. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Payam Imam, 1386 Hijira, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 319.
  32. ↑ Majlisi, Bihar Al-Anwar, 1403 BC, juzu'i na 54, shafi 345.
  33. ↑ Sheikh Saduq, Maani Al-Akhbar, 1403 BC, shafi na 361-362.
  34. ↑ Don ganin wasu ayyuka, duba: Ostadi, Kitabe Nameh Nahj al-Balagheh, 1359, shafi na 21-23 da 32-33.
  35. ↑ Hakimi, Sharh al-Khutbeh al-Shaghaqiya, 1402 AH, littafin ID.
  36. ↑ Ghaffari, Al-Shaghashqiyah, 1432 Hijira, shafi na fihirisa.
  37. ↑ Ghaffari, Al-Shaghashqiyah, 1432 Hijira, shafi na fihirisa.
  38. ↑ Al-Karim Al-Bazouni, Al-nakzul al-Sadid, 2004, littafin ID shafi.
  39. ↑ Al-Hariri, Isbatul Al-Wasiyya fi Sharh Al-Khutba Al-Shashqiyyah, 1424H, Kitab Shanasnameh.
  40. ↑ Radwani, Ahi Suzan, 1389 A.H., shafi na Shenasnama.

Nassoshi

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