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Hadis Man Mata

Daga wikishia
Hadis Man Mata
Maudu'iSanin Imami
Ya Fito DagaAnnabi Akram (S.A.W)
Ingancin IsnadiAn yi da'awar tawaturi cikin madogaran Shi'a da Ahlus-Sunna kan wannan hadisi
Madogaran Shi'aAl-Kafi• Kamalud-dini Wa Tamamun Ni'ima• Kifayatul Asar Fin Nassi Alal A'immatil Isna Ashar
Madogaran Ahlus-sunnaSahihu Muslim• Musnad Ahamd Bin Hanbal• Musnad Abi Dawud• Musnadush Shamiyyin
Hadis Silsilatuz Zahab • Hadis Saƙlaini • Maƙbulatu Umar Bin Hanzala • Hadis Ƙurbu Nawafil • Hadis Mi'iraj • Hadis Wilaya • Hadis Wisaya • Hadis Junud Aƙli Wa Jahal • Hadis Shajara


Hadis man mata, (Larabci: حَدِيثُ منْ مَاتَ وَلَمْ يَعْرِفْ إِمَامَ زَمَانِه) wani hadisi ne daga Annabi Akram (S.A.W) wanda yake da ma'anar: "Duk wanda ya mutu bai san limamin zamaninsa ba ya mutu mutuwar jahiliyya". Wannan hadisi ya zo cikin lafuzza daban-daban a cikin litattafan Shi'a da Ahlus-Sunna, kuma hadisi ne da ɓangarori biyu na Musulmi suka yi ittifaƙi a kansa . Amma tare da haka, an samu bambance-bambance tsakanin Shi'a da Ahlus-Sunna cikin fassarar ma'anar hadisin. Ƴanshi'a suna ganin wannan hadisi yana magana ne kan batun imamanci, kuma sun fitar da larurar sanin Imami Ma'asumi da wajabcin yi masa ɗa'a. Ahlus-Sunna kuma sun tafi kan cewa wannan riwaya tana da alaƙa ne da mutane da shugaban Muslunci, kuma sun ciro dalilin wajabcin bai'a ga halastaccen shugaba daga wannan hadisi.

Matsayin Hadisin Man Mata

Cikin litattafan Muslunci, an naƙalto wata riwaya da take tare da lafazin "Man mata"[1] amma abin nufi daga lafazin "Hadis man mata" a galibi yana kasancewa sananniyar maganar nan ta Annabi: «مَنْ ماتَ وَ لَمْ یعْرِفْ إمامَ زَمانِهِ مَاتَ مِیتَةً جَاهِلِیة» (Duk wanda ya mutu bai san imamin zamaninsa ba ya mutu mutuwar jahiliyya).

Wannan hadisi a cikin madogaran hadisi na Shi'a da Ahlus-Sunna ya zo da mabambantan lafuzza.[2] A cikin littafin Al-Kafi, an naƙalto daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) Annabi ya ce: «مَنْ مَاتَ وَ لَیسَ لَهُ إِمَامٌ فَمِیتَتُهُ مِیتَةٌ جَاهِلِیةٌ» (Duk wanda ya mutu bai san imamin zamaninsa ba to mutuwarsa irin mutuwar jahiliyya ce).[3]

Cikin ba'arin madogara Ahlus-Sunna: «مَنْ مَاتَ بِغَیرِ إِمَامٍ مَاتَ مِیتَةً جَاهِلِیةً» ma'ana (Duk wanda ya mutu ba tare da Imami ba ya mutu mutuwar jahiliyya).[4] Allama Majlisi ya bayyana cewa wannan riwaya ce mutawatira a wurin Shi'a da Ahlus-Sunna.[5] Shaik Baha'i shi ma ya tafi kan kasancewa wannan riwaya ce da musulmi suka yi ittifaƙi kanta.[6]

Ma'anar Mutuwar Jahiliyya

Cikin naƙalin Kulaini daga hadisin (Man mata) daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S), ya yi ƙarin haske game da ma'anar mutuwar jahiliyya kamar haka: Abdullahi Bin Abi Ya'afur ya rawaito daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) game da maganar Annabi Akram (S.A.W) da yake cewa: "Duk wanda ya mutu ba shi da Imami ya mutu mutuwar jahiliyya", na tambayi Imam: shin yana nufin ya mutu cikin kafirci kenan? Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya ba da amsa da "Ya mutu cikin ɓata" na ce: "Shin idan wani mutum ya mutum a wannan zamani da muke ciki kuma ba shi da Imami, shi ma ya yi mutuwar jahiliyya kenan?" Sai Imam ya ce: eh mana.[7]

Madogaran Hadisi

Ba'arin madogaran hadisi na Shi'a da Ahlus-Sunna da suka naƙalto riwayar "Man mata" sun kasance kamar haka:

Madogaran Shi'a

Madogaran Ahlus-Sunna

Ma'anar Hadisin Man Mata A Wurin Shi'a Da Ahlus-Sunna

Malaman Shi'a sun fassara wannan hadisi a cikin kewayen batun imamanci, kuma suna ganin cewa wannan hadisi dalili ne kan larurar samuwar Imami a cikin ko wane zamani da lokaci.[14] Bisa wannan mahangar, sanin Imami da yi masa ɗa'a suna cikin sharuɗɗan tsira daga mutuwar jahiliyya.[15] Abin nufi da Imami a cikin wannan riwaya, su ne Imaman Shi'a da Ahlul-Baiti, a lokacin gaiba da fakuwa, wajibi ne a yi imani da Imam Mahadi (A.F) a matsayin imamin zamani kuma a ci gaba da tafiya kan hanyarsa.[16]

Mahangar Ahlus-Sunna

Ahlus-Sunna suna ganin wannan riwaya tana magana ne kan shugaban al'ummar musulmi. A fahimtarsu "Imami" a wannan hadisi ya zo da ma'anar "Shugaba" wanda domin kare gwamnati da haɗin kan al'ummar musulmi wajibi ne a yi masa biyayya, a kuma wanzu cikin bai'arsa.[17] Wajibi ne a yi biyayya ga shugaban musulmi, ko da kuwa ya kasance fasiƙi ko azzalumi, Ibn Taimiyya cikin fassara wannan hadisi ya bayyana cewa biyayya ga sahabbai da tabi'ai da Yazid Bin Mu'awiya yana daga cikin ma'anar wannan hadisi.[18] Tare da haka. Ba'arin madogaran Ahlus-Sunna, sun fassara kalmar "Imami" cikin wannan hadisi da Annabi Akram (S.A.W) sun tafi kan cewa imani da Annabi a matsayin imamin mutane, shi ne sharaɗin tsira daga mutuwar jahiliyya.[19]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Misali: Barki, Al-Mahasen, 1371H, juzu’i. 1, shafi. 88.
  2. ↑ Ibn Tawoos, Iqbal al-Amal, 1415 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 252; Sheikh Sadouq, Kamal al-Din, 1395 AH, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 410; Taftazani, Sharhul al-Maqasid, 1409 AH, juzu'i. 5, shafi. 239; Kundozi, Yanabi'ul Al Mowadda, 1413 AH, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 456.
  3. ↑ Al-Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407H, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 376.
  4. ↑ Ibn Hanbal, Musnad Ahmad, 1421 AH, juzu'i na 28, shafi na 88; Abu Dawud, Masnad na Abu Dawud, 1419 Hijira, juzu'i na 3, shafi:425; Tabarani, Musnad al-Shamayin, 1405 AH, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 437.
  5. ↑ Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i. 8, shafi. 368.
  6. ↑ Sheikh Baha'i, Al-Arba'un Haditha, 1431H, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 431.
  7. ↑ Al-Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407H, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 376.
  8. ↑ Al-Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407H, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 376.
  9. ↑ Sheikh Saduq, Kamal al-Din, 1395 AH, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 409.
  10. ↑ Khazaz Razi, Kefayat Athar, 1401 AH, shafi. 296.
  11. ↑ Ibn Hanbal, Musnad Ahmad, 1421 AH, juzu'i. 28, shafi. 88.
  12. ↑ Abu Dawud, Musnad Abu Dawud, 1419 AH, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 425.
  13. ↑ Tabarani, Musnad al-Shamiyyin, 1405 AH, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 437.
  14. ↑ Abul-Fatuh Razi, Rouz al-Janan, 1408 AH, juzu'i. 4, shafi. 173.
  15. ↑ Mulla Sadra, Sharh Usul al-Kafi, 1383, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 474.
  16. ↑ Allama Majlisi, Mir'at al-Uqol, 1404 AH, juzu'i. 4, shafi. 27; Sheikh Baha'i, Al-Arba'un Haditha, 1431H, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 431.
  17. ↑ Sohaib Abdul Jabbar, Al-Jame al-Sahih, 2014, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 234, bayanin kafa.
  18. ↑ Ibn Taimiyyah, Mukhtasar Minhaj al-Sunnah, 1426 AH, juzu'i. 1,shafi. 49.
  19. ↑ Ibn Hibban, Sahih Ibn Hibban, 1414H, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 434.

Nassoshi

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