Nahjul Al-balaga (Littafi)

Daga wikishia
(an turo daga Nahjul Al-balaga)
Bangon Littafin Nahajul Balaga

Najahul balaga, (Larabci: نهج البلاغة) wani littafi ne da cikinsa aka tattaro wasu adadin huɗubobi, wasiƙu da gajejjerun maganganun Imam Ali (A.S), wannan aiki ya faru ta hannun Sayyid Radiyu, nahajul balaga wani babban kundi ne na al'adun muslunci, kuma ya kasance daga mafi muhimmancin madogaran sanin muslunci, nahajul balaga littafi ne da ya ƙunshi mafi ɗaukakar fasaha da balagar harshen larabci, wannan dalili ne ya wanzar da wannan littafi tare da jan hankula masu nazari da bincike.

Tattaro fannoni tare da nau'antakar abin da yake cikin wannan littafi yana daga abin da ya bambanta shi da sauran litattafai. An tsara Nahajul balaga a jere kan sashe guda uku: huɗubobi, wasiƙu da gajejjerun jumloli. Cikin huɗubobi da gajejjerun jumloli akwai bayanin batutuwa da mabambatan maudu'ai daga bahasin sanin Allah (tauhidi), bahasin kyawawan halaye, bahasin sanin duniya, farkon samuwar duniya, ɗabi'ar mutum, al'ummu da adalan hukumomi da azzalumansu, a cikin wasiƙu galibinsu sun ƙunshi mas'aloli game da yadda shuwagabanni za su yi mu'amala da waɗanda suke shugabanta.

An tarjama nahajul balaga zuwa harsuna daban-daban daga farisanci, turanci, faransanci, indinyanci, italiyanci turkanci na Istanbul da urdu. Haka nan an yi rubutu sharhi mai yawa kan nahajul balaga, Sharhu Nahajul Balaga wanda Ibn Abil Al-hadid ya yi da Sharhu Nahajul Balaga na Ibn Maisam Baharani sun kasance daga mafi muhimmancin sharihin nahajul balaga da aka rubuta da harshen larabci. Payame Amirul Muminin (A.S) na Nasir Makarim Shirazi ya kasance daga sharhin nahajul balaga cikin harshen farisanci.

Haka nan wasu ba'arin masu bincike sun yi baƙin ƙoƙari tattaro sauran zantuka da maganganun Imam Ali (A.S) waɗanda babu su cikin nahajul balaga, sun tattara su cikin littafi ɗauke da taken Mustadrak, cikin jumlolin ƙoƙari da aka yi na tattauro sauran huɗubobi da zantukan Imam za a iya kawo littafin Nahajul As-sa'ada Fi Mustadrak Nahajil Al-balaga wanda Muhammad Baƙir Mahmudi ya wallafa.

Nahajul balaga yana cikin jerin litattafai da ake da ɗaruruwan kwafin rubutun hannu daga gare su tun kafin ɓullar sana'ar bugun littafi ta hanyar fasahar injin zamani. Mafi daɗewar kwafin rubutun hannu daga gare shi yana da alaƙa da shekara 469 hijira ƙamari wanda yake ajiye cikin ɗakin nazari na Ayatullahi Mar'ashi Najafi domin kula da shi. Bayan ɓullar sana'ar bugun inji, an buga kwafi-kwafin littafin nahajul balaga tare da sharhi da rajamominsa a ƙasashen Iran, Misra, Labanun, Siriya da ƙatar.

Bayan kafa jamhuriyar muslunci ta Iran, ƙarƙashin taimakon kafofin labarai da al'adu, littafin nahajul balaga ya yaɗu cikin ciboyoyin al'umma. An samar da Kulliyat da cibiyoyi kan asasin nahajul balaga tare da kafa manyan cibiyoyi domin yaɗa bincike na musamman daga nahajul balaga, haka kuma an samar da tsarin faifan softcopy na musammam daga nahajul balaga ɗauke da taken kudin alawi (Alawi Encyclopedia) da kuma taken Jami'u nahajul balaga. Madogaran da Sayyid Radiyu ya dogara da su cikin rubuta littafin nahajul balaga sun kasance daga mabambantan litattafai daga madogaran ahlus-sunna, misalin Al-bayan wa At-tibyan na Jahiz, Al-magazi na Sa'id ɗan Yahaya Umawi, Al-jamal na Muhammad ɗan Umar Waƙidi da Tarikh Ɗabari. Bisa amannar ba'arin masu dandaƙe bincike da nazari, taƙaituwar Sayyid Radiyu da ambaton madogaran ahlus-sunna su kaɗai da rashin kawo sanadi da isnadan zantukan Imam Ali (A.S) a cikin nahajul balaga ya haifar da suka da ishkaloli kan wannan littafi nasa, da wannan dalili ne, masu zurfafa bincike masu yawan gaske suka tashi tsaye wajen binciko madogarai da masadir ɗin wannan littafi daga daɗaɗɗun litattafai cikin zirin isnadi domin tabbatar da ingancin abin da ya tattaro.

Ba'arin ahlus-sunna sun nuna shakku game da ingancin wannan littafi da danganta riwayoyin cikinsa ga Imam Ali (A.S) a cewar ba'arin masu dandaƙe bincike shakku cikin tattaro wannan littafi ya faru sakamakon rashin bibiyar asalin littafin, saboda cikin matanin littafin a wurare da daman gaske an ta maimaita Kalmar “wanda Sayyid Radiyu ya tattaro”. Kamar yadda Ibn Abil Al-hadid ɗaya daga cikin malaman ahlus-sunna ya siffanta duk wani shakku da kokwanto game da danganta nahajul balaga ga Imam (A.S) da zallan biyewa son rai da kuma makahon ta'assubanci.

Muhimmancin Nahajul Balaga

بئس الزاد إلی المعاد العدوان علی العباد


Mafi munin guzurin lahira ya kasance zaluntar bayin Allah

Source: Nahj al-Balagheh, wanda Sobhi Saleh ya gyara, 1414 AH, Hikmat 221, shafi na 507..

Nahajul balaga littafi ne da ya tattaro wasu adadin huɗubobi, wasiƙu da gajejjerun jumloli daga Imam Ali (A.S) da ya yi su a zamanin halifancinsa.[1] wannan littafi yana da matsayin babban kundin al'adun muslunci bayan kur'ani da hadisan annabi, lallai ya kasance mafi muhimmancin madogara domin fahimtar muslunci da dokokin addini.[2] haka nan baya ga kur'ani littafin nahajul balaga ɗaya ne daga cikin litattafai da suka samu karɓuwa wurin ƴan shi'a da suke hadda ce shi.[3] Rida Ustadi cikin risalar littafi kan nahajul balaga ya tattaro sunayen litattafai 370 da aka rubuta su kan maudu'in nahajul balaga zuwa shekarar 1359 hijira shami.[4]

Sayyid Muhsin Amin cikin littafin A'ayanul Ash-shi'a, ya bayyana cewa littafin nahajul balaga ya kasance ɗaya daga mafi girman alfaharin muslunci da larabawa.[5] kan asasin rahotanni, baya ga kur'ani, nahajul balaga ya kasance mafi yawan adadin kwafi-kwafi na hannu, ya keɓantu da sharhi da tafsir kan al'adun muslunci, da yawa daga matanan adabin harshen farisanci da larabci baya ga kur'ani sun tasirantu da nahajul balaga.[6] haka nan a cewar muhaddis Nuri cikin littafin Mustadrakul Al-wasa'il da yawa yawan malamai magabata sun yui buri bada takardar izini ga almajiransu domin naƙalto nahajul balaga, sun gabatar da nahajul balaga ƙarƙashin taken ɗan'uwan kur'ani.[7]

Mai Tattarowa

Tushen ƙasida: Sayyid Radiyu

Sayyid Radiyyu (Rayuwa: 359-406. h. ƙ) a cikin shekara ta 400 hijira ƙamari ya tattara littafin nahajul balaga.[8] Sayyid Radiyu ya fito daga gidan Alu Abi Ɗalib[9] kuma ya kasance daga faƙihai da malaman kalam, tafsiri da adabi a shi'a.[10]

Dalilin Sanya Wannan Suna

Babban burin Sayyid Radiyu ya kasance tattara nahajul balaga, yana ganinsa matsayin amsa ga roƙon da masoyansa suka yi masa na tattara zantukan fasaha da balaga na Imam Ali (A.S).[11] a cikin nahajul balaga kaɗai ya tattaro ɓangarorin huɗubobi da wasiƙun Imam Ali (A.S) da suka ƙunshi maɗaukakiyar darajar fasaha da balaga.[12] da wannan dalili ne ya sanyawa wannan littafi suna nahajil balaga (bayyananniyar hanyar balaga).[13] a cewar Muhammad Abduhu daga malaman ahlus-sunna, wannan suna ya kasance mafi alherin siffantawa ga wannan littafi.[14]

Ƙimarsa A Adabi

Fasaha da balagar nahajul balaga suna daga mafi muhimmancin dalilan da suka sanya wannan littafi ɗaukar hankalin masu nazari da wanzuwarsa.[15] maganar da take cikin nahajul balaga tana matsayin ƙasa maganar mahalicci sama da maganar halittu.[16] game da muhimmancin da ƙimar da wannan littafi yake da ita a fannin adabin larabci da balaga an naƙalto maganganun masana harshen larabci[17] daga jumlarsu akwai abin da bayaninsu zai zo a ƙasa:

  • Ibn Abil Al-hadid daga malaman ahlus-sunna wanda ya yi rubuta sharhin nahajul balaga a ƙarni na bakwai, yana ganin cewa layi guda ɗaya daga littafin nahajul balaga ya fifici layin dubu ɗaya daga zantukan Ibn Nabata (Shahararren mai huɗuba a ƙarni na huɗu ƙamari).[18]
  • George Jerdag: kirista marubuci ya yi amanna cewa littafin nahajul balaga bayan kur'ani yana darajar tsololuwar balaga a harshen larabci.[19]
  • Shaik Nasif Alyaziji masanin adabi da mawaƙi ɗan ƙasar labanun, ya yi wasicci da haddace kur'ani da nahajul balaga domin samun ɗaukaka cikin fasaha da balagar harshen larabci.[20]
  • Muhiyid-dini Abdul-hamid, ɗaya daga cikin masana harshen larabci, ya bayyana nahajul balaga matsayin maɓuɓɓugar balaga da fasaha harshen larabci, ya yi amanna da cewa kalaman nahajul balaga ya kasance mafi fasahar zance bayan kalaman kur'ani da kalaman Manzon Allah (S.A.W).[21]

Ba'arin masu sharhin nahajul balaga, suna ɗaukar Imam Ali (A.S) matsayin mutumin da ya ƙagi fannin ilimin insha'i tamsili a harshen larabci, mai magana tahanyar ƙagar ƙissoshi da labarai yana bin wata manufan ta ilimi mai muhimmancin gaske[22] a imaninsu, Imam Ali (A.S) a wutsiyar hikima mai lamba 289 cikin nahajul balaga ya yi amfani da wannan fanni; kamar dai yadda Imam (A.S) ya lissafa wasu hususiyoyi da halaye ga ɗan'uwa na addini a daidai lokacin wannan ɗan'uwa bas hi da samuwa a fili a zahiri, haka nan Imam Ali (A.S) cikin bayanin mutane masu daraja da falala ya gabtar da wasu ababen kwaikwayo waɗanda cikinsu ya ƙagi wani mutum da bashi da samuwa a waje.[23]

Jan Hankali Da Nahajul Balaga Yake Da Shi A Wurin Musulmi

Sakamakon balaga da fasahar nahajul balaga, bawai kaɗai ƴan shi'a hatta ma waɗanda ba ƴan shi'a dama waɗanda ba musulmi ba wannan littafin yana ɗaukar hankalinsu;[24] kamar yadda Goerge Jerdag kirista ya rubuta littafin Rawa'i'u Nahjil Al-balaga cikin bincike da bahasi kan adabi da hikomin cikin nahajul balaga.[25] haka nan ba'arin waɗanda ba musulmi ba sun muslunta ta hanyar karanta nahajul balaga;[26] kamar yadda Muhammad Lagenhausen masanin falsafa ba'amurke bayan ya karanta.[27]

Abin da Yake Cikin Nahajul Balaga

Muhammad Abduhu Daga Malaman Ahlus-sunna
A cikin wannan littafi, wani lokaci mutum yana ganin kansa a cikin sararin ma'anoni da mafi kyawun kalmomi da mafi kyawun kalmomi kuma wani lokaci a fagen fama. Kamar wani lokaci, ana iya ganin hankali mai haske a cikin wannan kalma, wanda ke ƙoƙarin ɗaukar mutum daga duhu zuwa Mulki. da samun matsayi a duniyar tsarki, wani lokaci kuma mutum yana ganin kansa a cikin manajojin da Ali (a.s.) yake jagoranta a fagen siyasa da shiriya da hanyarsa.

Source: Abd, Sharhin Nahj al-Balaghah, Matabba'atul Al-Istiqama, shafi na 10.

Nasir Makarim Shirazi daga maraji'an taƙlidi kuma wanda ya rubuta sharhin nahajul balaga, yana ganin tattaro fannoni daban-daban tare da nau'untakar abin da yake cikin littafin nahajul balaga yana daga cikin abin da ya fifita shi da bambanta kan sauran litattafai; abin da yake cikinsa zantuka ne masu daɗin gaske, da suke kan dandaƙaƙƙen lissafi cikin mabambantan batutuwa da maudu'ai[28] a cewar Ibn Abil Al-hadid, haƙiƙa Imam Ali (A.S) a cikin nahajul balaga wani lokaci ya kan yi magana kamar misalin shahararrun mayaƙa misalin Basɗam ɗan ƙaisu da Uyaina ɗan Haris (Mutane biyu daga jaruman cikin larabawa) wani lokacin kuma yana Magana yana wa'azi kai kace misalin masu zuhudu masu gudun duniya misalin Sayyida Maryam (A.S) da Yuhana.[29]

Hoton rubutun sharhin Ibn Abi al-Hadid akan Nahj al-Balaghah, wanda aka ajiye a gidan tarihi na Malek, Tehran.[30]

Abbas Mahmud Aƙƙad daga masana adabin larabci ɗan ƙasar misra, ya bayyana nahajul balaga matsayin maɓuɓɓugar ayoyin tauhidi da hikimomin Allah,[31] a cewar ba'arin masu nazari yin muɗala'a da nazarin nahajul balaga yana sanar da mutum mahanga da ra'ayin Imam Ali (A.S) game da tauhidi, mutum, duniya, mafara da ma'ad.[32] wannan littafi ya ƙunshi bayanin kyawawan halaye da suke lazimtar kammalallen mutum.[33] bahasosi game da saƙon annabawa, imamanci, hukuma da jagoranci, haƙƙoƙin ɗaiɗaiƙu da zamantakewa, siffanta kyawawan fuskokin ɗabi', ruhiyar munafukai da kafirai da haka nan wani gutsire daga abubuwan da suka faru a farko-farkon muslunci da kuma gabatar da su wane ne nakisin, mariƙin da ƙasiɗin, dukkanin waɗannan batutuwa suna daga sauran abubuwa da wannan littafi ya tattaro.[34] a imanin Abdullahi Jawadi Amoli daga maraji'an taƙlidi na shi'a, haƙiƙa Sayyid Radiyu ya zaɓi abubuwan da ya kawo cikin nahajul balaga cikin yanayi da tsari na basira, bawai kaɗai cikin kaucewa duk wani abubuwa da zai zama sharer fagen rura fitina tsakanin shi'a da ahlus-sunna ba, bari dai ta kai ga malaman ahlus-sunna sai da suka rubuta mafi ƙimar sharhi kan wannan littafi.[35]

Huɗubobi

ɓangare na farko daga nahajul ya kasance daga zaɓaɓɓun huɗubobin Imam Ali (A.S) guda 241,[36] Sayyid Jafar Shahidi daga cikin waɗanda suka rubuta sharhin nahajul balaga, yana ganin wannan sashe matsayin ya kasance babban kudin ilimi da al'adun muslunci da ya tattaro batutuwa misalin sanin Allah (Tauhidi), sanin duniya, farkon samuwar duniya, ɗabi'ar mutum, al'ummu da azzalumai hukumomi da adalansu.[37] ya yi amanna cewa babbar manufar Imam Ali (A.S) daga bayanin al'amuran ɗabi'a ko nuƙɗa daga nuƙɗoɗin falsafa ko ta tarihi, ya kasance bayyanar da muhimman mas'aloli muslunci da sanin Allah.[38] Sayyid Radiyu cikin bakiɗayan huɗubobi da ya kawo a cikin nahajul balaga huɗubobi huɗu kacal ya sanyawa suna da kansa, su ne: huɗubar shaƙshaƙiyya (Huɗuba mai lamba 3), huɗubar garra'u (Huɗuba mai lamba 83), huɗubar Ashbahu (huɗuba mai lamba 91) da huɗubar ƙasi'a (Huɗuba mai lamba 192).[39]

Ku duba: Fihirisar Huɗubobin Nahajul Balaga

Huɗubar Shiƙshiƙiyya

Tushen ƙasida: Huɗubar Shiƙshiƙiyya

Huɗubara shiƙshiƙiyya tana cikin huɗubobi da aka yi bahasi kansu.[40] Imam Ali (A.S) cikin wannan huɗuba ya yi bayanin mas'aloli da suke da alaƙa da imamanci tare da suka kan tsarin ayyukan halifofi da suka gabace shi da kuma bayyana rashin ingancin asalin halifancinsu.[41] haka nan cikin wannan huɗuba ya yi bayani yadda mutane suka tuttuɗo domin yi masa bai'a da kuma dalilin da ya sanya shi yarda ya karɓi hukuma.[42]

Huɗuba Garra

وَ إِنَّمَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَهْلِ الْعِصْمَةِ وَ الْمَصْنُوعِ إِلَيْهِمْ فِي السَّلَامَةِ أَنْ يَرْحَمُوا أَهْلَ الذُّنُوبِ وَ الْمَعْصِيَةِ وَ يَكُونَ الشُّكْرُ هُوَ الْغَالِبَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ الْحَاجِزَ لَهُمْ عَنْهُم‏


Ya kamata wadanda ba sa yin sabo da suke da aminci cikin addininsu su tausayawa masu zunubai da sabo, su kasance masu yawaita godiya kan wannan ni'ima a Allah ya yi musu da kuma nesantar ambaton aibobin mutane

Source: Nahj al-Balagha, gyara Sobhi Saleh, 1414 AH, huduba 140, shafi na 197.

Tushen ƙasida: Huɗuba Garra

Imam Ali (A.S) cikin huɗuba garra ya yi wasiyya da kiyaye taƙawa da tsoran Allah, da kuma tunatar da mutane ni'imomin Allah, kasancewar duniya jarrabawa da tashin ƙiyama da mutuwa.[43] daidai da naƙalin Sayyid Radiyu, balagar wannan huɗuba ya kai ga mutanen bayan jin wannan huɗuba sun dinga girgiza jikinsu na jijjiga idanuwansu suna kwarar da hawaye.[44] sakamakon tattara wannan huɗuba kan ra'ayoyin adabi misalin jinasi, saja'I, isti'ara da kinaya aka kira ta da suna "Garra"[45]

Huɗubar Mutaƙƙin

Tushen ƙasida: Huɗubar Muttaƙin

Huɗubar muttaƙin tana cikin huɗubobi na irfani da tarbiya a nahajul balaga.[46] Imam Ali (A.S) ya yi wannan huɗuba bayan daya sahabbansa da ake kira da suna Hammam ya roƙe shi ya yi masa bayanin siffofin mutane masu tsoran Allah.[47] Imam Ali (A.S) cikin wannan huɗuba ya lissafo siffofi da halayen masu taƙawa har guda ɗari.[48] bayan Hammam ya ji wannan huɗuba sai ya suma ya mutu.[49]

Imam Ali (A.S):

إِذَا أَرْذَلَ اللَّهُ عَبْداً حَظَرَ عَلَيْهِ الْعِلْم

Tarjama: Idan yana so yana kaskanatar da bawa sai ya haramta masa ilimi.

Source: Nahj al-Balagha, gyara Sobhi Saleh, 1414 AH, Hikmat 288, shafi na 526..

Wasiƙu

Sashen wasiƙun cikin nahajul balaga yana ɓangarori guda 79 da suka ƙunshi wasiƙu guda 69 da wasiyyoyi guda 12, nasiha da ɓangaren wasiƙ, umarni guda 2, addu'a gua ɗaya da wata takardar yarjejeniya.[50] a sashen wasiƙun cikin nahajul balaga wace ya kasance yana magana da bakiɗayan wakilansa, kwamandojin soji da ma'aikatan ɓangaren kuɗi, galibi cikin waɗannan wasiƙu ya karkata kan magana kan sha'anin hukuma da bayanin yaya yakamata mu'amalar shuwagabanni ta kasance da waɗanda suke shugabanta.[51] a cewar masu nazari waɗannan wasiƙu suna bayanin tsarin rayuwar Imam Ali (A.S) a fagen siyasa.[52] bisa imanin Sayyid Jafar Shahidi, duk da kasancewar an rubuta waɗannan wasiƙu daga shugaba zuwa ga wakilansa cikin hukuma, amma harshe da karin wasiƙun bai kasance na tsarin karin harshen basarake ba, karin harshen wasiƙun yafi kama da karin harshen wasiƙar dauba mai tausayi ya rubuta zuwa ga ƴaƴansa.[53]

Wasiƙar da ya rubuta zuwa ga ɗansa Imam Hassan (A.S), wasiƙarsa zuwa ga Malikul Ashtar domin gwamnan misra da wasiƙarsa zuwa ga Usman ɗan Hanif suna daga cikin sanannun wasiƙu a cikin nahajul balaga.

Ku duba: Fihirisar Wasiƙun Nahajul Balaga

Gajejjerun Kalmomi

Sashe na uku na nahajul balaga, gajerun kalmomi ya ƙunshi gajerun jumloli har guda 480.[54] a cikin wannan sashe akwai zaɓaɓɓun zantukan da suke cuɗanye da hikimomi da wa'azi na Imam Ali (A.S) da kuma asoshin tambayoyi da gajejjerun bayanansa.[55] Sayyid Radiyu cikin gajejjerun jumlolin nahajul balaga ya keɓance fasali ɗauke da taken “Fasalun fi gara'ibi kalamihi” (Ma'ana fasali game da zantukan mamaki), a imaninsa fahimtar waɗannan gajejjerun jumloli yana da matuƙar wahala abu ne da yake buƙatar mutumin da zai maka ƙarin bayani.[56] wannan fasaliya ƙunshi hadisai guda 9 na farkonsu magana ce game da bayyanar Imam Mahadi (A.F).[57]

Ku duba: Fihirisar Gajejjuerun Kalmomin Nahajul Balaga

Madogaran Nahajul Balaga

Ba'ari daga madogarai da Sayyid Radiyu ya yi ishara da su cikin tattara zantuka da maganganun Imam Ali (A.S) su ne kamar haka: Al-bayan wa At-tibyan na Jahiz, Al-muƙtazab na Mubarrad, Al-magazi na Sa'id ɗan Yahaya Umawi, Al-jamal na waƙidi, Al-maƙamat na Abi Jafar Iskafi da Tarikh Ibn Jarir Ɗabari.[58] a cikin ba'arin tahƙiƙi da dandaƙe bincike an bayyana adadin madogarai har zuwa guda 17.[59] ba'arin masu dandaƙ bincike da nazari sun yi amanna kan cewa madogaran bincike da Sayyid Radiyu ya yi amfani da su cikin tattara nahajul balaga suna da matuƙar yawan gaske, saboda cikin tattarowa da haɗa wannan littafi ya yi amfani da manyan laburare guda biyu, ɗaya shi ne babban ɗakin nazari na bagdad da ya ƙunshi litattafai har guda dubu 80 na ɗan uwansa Sayyid Murtada da laburare mau ɗauke da litattafai dubu 10 “Laburaren baitul hikima” na Abu Nasar Shapur wanda ya kasance waziri a daular alu buye.[60]

Ba'arin malamai cikin yabawa aikin da Sayyid Radiyu ya yin a tattara nahajul balaga, sun yi suka kan wannan littafi.[61] Muhammad Taƙiyyu Shushtari a cikin littafin "Bahajul As-sabagati Fi Sharhi Nahajil Al-balaga" ya yi amanna da cewa aikin da Sayyid Radiyu ya yi cikin tattara zantuka da maganganun da ya danganta su ga Imam Ali (A.S) a nahajul balaga kaɗai ya bibiya da komawa madogaran ahlus-sunna, daga cikin ishkaloli da suka da wannan littafi nasa ya fuskanta su ne waɗannan abubuwa kamar haka:

  • Dangantawa Imam Ali wasu maganganu da maƙiyansa suka ƙirƙire su;
  • Daddatsa ba'arin jumloli ta yadda ma'anar da Imam yake nufi bata fitowa sosai cikinsu;
  • Dangantawa Imam Ali wasu zantuka da riwayoyin Imaman shi'a ba sa ganin ingancinsu;
  • Naƙalto wasu maganganu da aka ji su cikin mafarki daga Imam Ali (A.S)
  • Naƙali mara inganci ga waƙi'o'in da suke da alaƙa da zantukan Imam Ali (A.S).[62]

Sanadin Huɗubobi, Wasiƙu Da Hikimomi

"Littafin Nahj al-Saada Fi Mostadrak Nahj al-Balagheh" wanda Mohammad Baqer Mahmoudi ya rubuta, inda aka tattara nassin wa'azi da wasiku da hikimar Nahj al-Balagheh.

Rashin kawo sanadan zantukan Imam Ali (A.S) a cikin nahajul balaga ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan matsaloli da ƙalubale kan littafin nahajul balaga, da wannan ne wasu ba'ari suka tafin kan kasancewa riwayoyin cikin littafin matsayin riwayoyi mursalai da suke da rauni a mahangar ilimin sanadin riwaya suna masu bayyana cewa waɗannan riwayoyi ba za a iya dogara da sub a cikin bahasosin fiƙihu.[63] cikin nemawa Sayyid Radiyu uzuri kan rashin ambato isnadai, an ce a zamanin Sayyid Radiyu madogaran da ya dogara da su cikin tattara littafin madogarai ne shahararru, da wannan dalili ne ya kasance baya ganin larurar ambaton sanadai; ƙari kan cewa bai kasance cikin rubutun littafin hadisi cikin maudu'in fiƙihu ko tarihi ba da har zai zama akwai larura da buƙatar Ambato sanadai, bari dai ya nufi tattara mafi kyawun zantukan Imam Ali (A.S) da koyawa masu magana hanya da uslubin balaga da fasaha, wannan aiki nasa baya buƙatar kawo sanadai hadisai.[64] tare da haka masu dandaƙe bincike masu tarin yawa a ƙoƙarinsu na tabbatar da ingancin danganta nahajul balaga ga Imam Ali (A.S) sun tattaro sanadai riwayoyi da zantukan da suke cikin littafin daga daɗaɗɗun madogarai cikin ziri da tsarin isnadi da mariskan nahajul balaga.[65] daga jumlar waɗannan litattafai za iya ishara da sunayen litattafan da za a ambata a ƙasa:

Tarjamomi

Nahj al-Balagha Shahidi ne ya fassara

An tarjama littafin nahajul balaga zuwa mabambantan harsuna daga farisanci, turanci, faransanci, indiyanci, italiyanci, turkanci istanbuli, urdu, malayi, albaniyanci, bosniyanci, gujrati, ashuri, armeniyanci, sahawili, japananci, hausa, sinanci, rashanci, da isfaniyanci.[75] adadin tarjamomi da aka yi kan littafin nahajul balaga sun kai guda ɗari[76] daga jumlarsu an yi guda 40 cikin harshen farisanci kaɗai.[77] kusan tarjma guda goma cikin harshen turanci, guda sha uku cikin harshen urdu.[78]

A imanin Jafar Subhani ɗaya daga cikin maraji'an taƙlidin shi'a, da yawa-yawan tarjamomin da aka fitar da yaɗa su cikin harshen farisanci sakamakon waɗanda suka tarjama shi daga harshen larabci zuwa farisanci ba su da kwarewa sosai cikin harshen larabci adabinsa da ƙa'idojinsa tarjamar ba ta kasance daga ingantacciyar tarjama ba da za a iya dogaro da ita, fahimtar da aka ciro daga nahajul balaga da za a iya yaba mata itace tarjamar Mulla Salihu ƙazwini wace ya yi da tsohon farisanci da kuma tarjamar Sayyid Jafar Shahidi waɗannan guda biyu sun kasance daga mafi inganci da fasaha tarjama da aka rubuta da harshen farinsanci.[79] daga cikin sauran tarjamomin farisanci da aka yi wa nahajul balaga za iya ishara da tarjamar Sayyid Ali Naƙiyyu Faizul Islam,[80] Abdul-muhammad Ayati,[81] Muhammad Taƙiyyu Jafari,[82] Muhammad Dashti,[83] Muhammad Mahadi Fuladawan[84] da Husaini Ansariyan[85] sannan daga cikin tarjama da aka yi da harshen turanci akwai tarjamar Ɗahira Safar Zadeh.[86]

Tarjamomin Waƙa

Mawaƙa daban-daban ne suka tarjama nahajul balaga cikin zirin waƙa zuwa harsuna daban-daban.[87] daga jumlar waɗannan mawaƙa da suka tarjama shi cikin zirin waƙa da harshen farisanci akwai Muhammad Ali Ansariyan ƙummi, Mahadi Shafi'i da Nasir Barikani, a cikin harshen sindi akwai Hafiz Mir Muhammad Hassan Ali Khan Haidari, cikin turkanci Hassan Malayi Alamdar.[88] ba'arin masana adabi a birnin Bombay na ƙasar Indiya sun tsara nahajul balaga cikin zirin waƙa da harshen indiyanci.[89]

Ku duba: Fihirisar Tarjamomin Nahajul Balaga

Sharhi

Marubutan sharihi kan nahajul balaga sun fara bayan shekaru da rubuta littafin haka nan an cigaba da yi masa sharhi har zuwa zamaninmu na yau.[90] a cewar ba'arin masu nazari, a tsawon tarihin muslunci bayan kur'ani kusan za a iya cewa babu wani littafi da aka yi tafsiri kansa misalin nahajul balaga.[91] an rubutu sharhi masu yawan gaske kan nahajul balaga, babu ƙididdiga adadin sharhi da aka rubuta a hannu; ta wannan fuska an rubuta ƙasidu da risaloli masu tarin yawa kan wannan manufa da hadafi.[92] ba'arin sharhi da aka yi su ne kamar haka:

  • Sharhi cikin harshen larabci

1. Sharhu Nahjil Al-balaga na Ibn Abil Al-hadid, mawaƙi masanin adabi mu'utazili.[93] ba'ari sun tafi kan cewa sharhin Ibn Abil Al-hadid, ya kasance sauyi na tushe cikin rubutun sharhin nahajul al-balaga.[94] 2. Sharhu Nahjil Al-balaga, na Ibn Maisam Baharani (Wafati: 679 ko 699. h. ƙ);[95] 3. Minhajul Al-bara'ati Fi Sharhi Nahjil Al-balaga, na Habibullahi Khuyi (Wafati: 1324. h. ƙ);[96] 4. Minhajul Al-bara'ati Fi Sharhi Nahjil Al-balaga, na ƙubud-dini Rawandi (Wafati: 573. h. ƙ);[97] 5. Hada'iƙul Al-haƙa'iƙ Fi Sharhi Nahjil Al-balaga, na ƙuɗubud-dini Kidari an rubuta shi a shekarar 576 hijira ƙamari.[98]

  • Sharhin farisanci

1. Tarjame Wa Tafsir Nahjil Al-balaga, na Muhammad Taƙiyyu Jafari;[99] 2. Tarjame Wa Sharhe Nahjil Al-balaga, na Sayyid Ali Naƙiyyu Faizul Islam;[100] 3. Sharhe Nahjil Al-balaga, tare da alƙalamin Mirza Muhammad Baƙir Nawab Lahiji'[101] 4. Payame Imam Amirul Al-muminin (A.S) na Nasir Makarim Shirazi.[102]

Mustadrak

Da yawa-yawan malamai sun yi baƙin ƙoƙari wajen tattara sauran zantuka da maganganun Imam Ali (A.S) da a kawo ba cikin nahajul balaga a wasu litattafan masu cin gashin kansu da ake kira da suna Mustadrak;[103] kamar yadda Sayyid Radiyu da kansa ya bar wasu shafukan cikin littafin nahajul balaga ba tare da rubuta komai ba domin nan gaba idan ya samu zantukan Imam Ali (A.S) sai ya rubuta su a ciki ya ƙara su cikin nahajul balaga.[104] ba'arin waɗannan mustadrakat su ne kamar haka:

  • Al-tabzil Ala Nahjil Al-balaga, na Abdullahi ɗan Isma'il Halabi ya tattara shi a ƙarni na biyar hijira ƙamari,[105]
  • Mulhaƙ Nahjil Al-balaga, na Ahmad ɗan Yahaya ɗan Naƙeh, an rubuta shi a shekara ta 729 hijira ƙamari;[106]
  • Mustadrak Nahjil Al-balaga, na Hadi Kashiful Al-giɗa (Wafati: 1361. h. ƙ) wanda aka buga shi shekara ta 1354 hijira ƙamari.[107]
  • Tamamul Nahjil Al-balaga, na Sayyid Sadiƙ Musawi;[108]
  • Nahjul As-sa'adati Fi Mustadraki Nahjil Al-balaga, wanda Muhammad Baƙir Mahmudi ya wallafa.[109]
An kaddamar da tambarin Hazara na Nahj al-Balagheh a ranar 25 ga Mehr 1360 a Iran. A cikin wannan tambari, an rubuta wani ɓangare na wasiƙar Sayyid Ali a cikin Nahj al-Balaghah[110]

Himmatuwa Kan Nahajul Balaga Bayan Juyin Muslunci A Iran

A lokacin Jamhuriyar muslunci ta Iran tare da taimako kafofi da cibiyoyin al'adu littafin nahajul balaga ya samun wani nau'in hallara cikin al'adun mutane.[111] da yanayin da nahajul balaga ya wayi gari littafin da za ka same shi kusa da kur'ani cikin mafi yawan gidaje a ƙasar Iran.[112] a cewar Murtada Muɗahhari a zamaninsa mutane sun waiwayi nahajul balaga sosan gaske yayin da tsawon ƙarnoni nahajul balaga ya kasance baƙo cikin al'adun muslunci da shi'anci a wancan lokaci hatta cikin ɗaliban hauza bai samu wuri ba.[113]

Bayan kafa hukumar muslunci a ƙasar Iran, an shirya tarurruka da musabaƙoƙi daban-daban game da nahajul balaga. An samar da Cibiyoyi da mu'assasoshi kan asasin nahajul balaga. A wasu fagagen ilimin bil adama an ƙara darasi da taken nahajul balaga domin koyar da shi, haka nan an kafa kulliya ta nahajul balaga da cibiyoyin bincike kan nahaju balaga.[114] haka nan a ba'arin makarantun gaba da sakandire a ƙasar Iran an samar da darasi na fanni kwarewa daga nahajul balaga a matakin digiri na biyu da digiri na uku..[115]


Haka nan an buga mujallu guda biyu na kimiyya da zurfafa bincike da suke kasance kan asasin nahajul balaga ɗauke da take "bincike daga nahajul balaga".[116] da kuma "Wasikar bincike daga nahajul balaga"[117] haka nan an rubuta ƙasidu masu tarin yawa da risaloli kan asasin nahajul balaga.[118] a hauzozin ilimi akwai fitattaun kwararrun malamai da suka shagaltu da koyar da darasin nahajul balaga..[119] a imanin Husaini Ali Muntazari, wajibi a saka nahajul balaga cikin jerin darussukan da ake koyarwa a hauzozin ilimi kuma manyan malaman hauza ne za su koyar da darasinsa da yaɗa shi.[120]

Kwafi-kwafi Na Sabuwar Fasahar Zamani (Softwares)

1. Daneshnameh Alawi ko Minhajul An-nur cikin wannan kundi akwai kwafi 110 daga litattafai da suke ƙunshe fiye mujalladi 280. Haka nan cikin wannan kwafi akwai sharihi 33 da taliƙi 163 cikin harshen farisanci da larabci. Tarjama guda 26 cikin harshen farisanci, turanci da faransanci suna daga cikin abubuwa da wannan kwafi ya keɓanta da su. Wannan kwafi cibiyar bincike kan ayyukan kwamfuta sashen fannonin ilimin muslunci suka samar da shi (Markaz Tahƙiƙat komfuyatari ulum islami nur).[121]

2. Daneshanameh Jami'u Nahjil Al-balaga, wani kwafi ne da ya ƙunshi gomman sharhi da tarjamomi cikin manyan harsuna guda shida na duniya, samun dubban maudu'ai nau'i nau'i cikin tsarin bishiya da rassanta daki-daki, tare da tanadin bayyanar da madogarai da masadir na nahajul balaga yana daga cikin sauran abubuwa da wannan kwafi yake ƙunsa. Wannan kwafi ya samu ƙarƙashin himma da ƙoƙarin cibiyar Markaz tahƙiƙat rayane hauze islmiyye isfahan.[122]

Bunyad Nahajul Balaga (Cibiyar Nahajul Balaga)

Tushen ƙasida: Cibiyar Nahajul Balaga

An kafa cibiyar bunyad nahajul balaga a shekarar 1353 kan manufar bincike da yaɗa nahajul balaga.[123] samar da laburare na musammam domin nahajul balaga, tattara kwafi-kwafi na fasahar zamani daga kwafin rubutun hannu, shirya adadin tarurruka domin nahajul balaga da tsara daurori na ilimi na nahajul balaga, suna daga ayyukan asali na wannan cibiya.[124]

Kokwanto Game da Danganta Abin da yake cikin Nahajul Balaga Ga Imam Ali (A.S)

Ba'arin ahlus-sunna sun bijiro da shakku guda biyu game da kan nahajul balaga: 1. Babu tabbas kan cewa Sayyid Radiyu ne ya tattara wannan littafi, ko Sayyid Murtada; 2. Akwai tsammanin cewa wannan maganganu ba daga Imam Ali (A.S) suka fito ba, Sayyid Radiyu ko Sayyid Murtada ne suka ƙirƙire su.[125] Ibn Hajar Asƙalani daga malaman ahlus-sunna a ƙarni na 9, ya yi amanna kan cewa lallai Sayyid Murtada shi ne wanda ƙirƙiri zantukan cikin wannan littafi, kuma bisa ƙarya ya danganta su ga Imam Ali (A.S).[126]

Kishiyar haka, malaman shi'a da wasu adadin malaman ahlus-sunna sun yi imani cewa Sayyid Radiyu shi ne wanda ya tattara nahajul balaga daga maganganun Imam Ali (A.S).[127] a cewar ba'arin masu dandaƙe nazari, duk wani shakku da kwakwanto kan tattara wanda ya tattara wannan littafi ya faru ne sakamakon rashin bibiyar asalin littafin; saboda marubucin littafin a wurare masu yawa da ya ci karo da kalmomi masu wahalar fahima na Imam Ali (A.S) ya kasance yana yin ƙarin bayani kansu, cikin amfani da kalmar “Radiyu ya ce” wanda hakan yake nuni da cewa Sayyid Radiyu ne ya tattara wannan littafi.[128] a cewar masu dandaƙe bincike ijazozi da malamai suka baya game da naƙalin wannan littafi kuma silsilar ijazozin sun isa ga Sayyid Radiyu. silsiloli ne mutawatirai wanda hakan ya kawar da duk wata shakka da kokwanto game da marubucin littafin,[129] Najashi daga malaman ilimin rijal wanda ya yi zamani ɗaya da Sayyid Radiyu shima ya tabbatar da dangana wannan littafi ga Sayyid Radiyu.[130]

Ibn Abil Al-hadid daga malaman ahlus-sunna, yana cewa shakku kan danganta littafin nahajul balaga ga Imam Ali (A.S) ya faru sakamakon biyewa son rai da kuma makahon ta'assubanc.[131] dalili da hujjar da Ibn Abil Al-hadid ya yi bayani kan wannan da'awa daga wani sashe daga nahajul balaga za mu tabbatar da cewa tabbas wannan maganganu ne na Imam Ali (A.S). saboda naƙalin tawatiri ya tabbatar da ingancin haka; a gefe guda kuma dukkanin lafiyayyar ɗanɗano yana yin umarni da kasancewar wannan littafi daga mutum ɗaya[132] Ibn Taimiyya kan asasin abin da almajirinsa Salahud-dini Safadi ya naƙalto ya tafi kan cewa nahajul balaga magana ce ta Imam Ali (A.S).[133] Allama Baharul Ulum daga maraji'an taƙlidi a ƙarni na goma sha biyu ya bayyana cewa duk wata magana kan tsammanin kasancewar wannan littafi ƙirƙira ba komai bane face wata babbar tuhuma.[134]

Tattara Zantukan Imam Ali Tun Kafin Sayyid Radiyu

Sayyid Hibatullahi Shaharistani cikin raddi kan maganar ƙiriƙirar littafin nahajul balaga, ya yi amanna kan cewa Sayyid Radiyu bai kasance mutum na farko da ya fara tattaro huɗubobi da zantukan Imam Ali (A.S)ba. Bari dai akwai adadin ɗaiɗaikun mutane gabaninsa da suka hadda ce maganganu da huɗubobin Imam Ali (A.S).[135] Yaƙubi marubucin tarihi a ƙarni na ukua cikin littafinsa ya yi magana game da huɗubobi ɗari huɗu da suka rage daga Imam Ali (A.S),[136] kamar yadda a cewar Mas'udi marubucin littafin Murujul Az-zahab mutane sun haddace huɗubobin Imam Ali fiye guda ɗari huɗu,[137] Ibn Shu'uba Harrani marubucin littafin Tuhaful Al-uƙul, ya yi imani da cewa da za a tattarro gabaɗayan huɗubar Imam Ali (A.S) game da tauhidi da sai ta kai girman littafin Tuhaful Al-uƙul.[138]

A cewar ba'arin masu dandaƙe bincike, mutum na farko da ya fara rubuta huɗubar Imam Ali (A.S) a cikin littafinsa ya kasance Zaidu ɗan Wahab, ɗaya daga cikin sahabban Imam Ali (A.S) wanda ya yi talifin littafi mai suna “Kitabu Al-khuɗab” wannan littafi ya kasance har zuwa ƙarni na biyar.[139] "Khuɗabu Amiril Al-muminin" na Mas'adatu Ɗan Sadaƙa, “Khuɗab Ali (A.S)” wanda Ibrahim ɗan Hakam Farazi ya rubuta, “Khuɗab Amirul Al-muminin” na Abdul-Azim Hasani da "Khuɗab Ali Wa Kutubihi Ila Ummalihi" tare da alƙalamin Ali Ɗan Muhammad Mada'ini, sun kasance daga farko-farkon litattafai da suka tattara huɗubobin Imam Ali (A.S) tun kafin Sayyid Radiyu.[140]

Rubuta Nahajul Balaga Da Bugawa

Kwafin rubutun hannu na nahajul balaga wanda Husaini bin Muhammad Hasani shirazi ya rubuta a shekarar 693 kamari a garin bagdad yana nan a ajiye gidan adana kayan tarihi na tehran.[141]

Nahajul balaga yana cikin jerin litattafai da aka samar da ɗaruruwan kwafin rubutun hannu daga gare su tun kafin ɓullar fasahar bugun inji.[142] daidai da abin da ya zo a ba'arin rahotanni, cikin ɗaiɗaikun gama garin laburare da na keɓantattu kaɗai a ƙasar Iran an gano kusan akwai kwafi 300 daga rubutun hannu na nahajul balaga.[143] Sayyid Abdul-aziz ɗabaɗaba'i Yazdi masanin littafi da rubutun hannu da kwafi-kwafin shi'a cikin dandaƙe bincike da ya yi, ya ambaci hususiyoyi daga kwafi 160 na nahajul balaga da yake danganewa da ƙarni na biyar da na goma bayan hijira.[144] abubuwan da za su a ƙasa suna daga mafi muhimmancin kwafi-kwafin nahajul balaga:

  • Kwafin rubun hannu da yake danganewa ga shekara ta 469 hijira ƙamari, tare da alƙalamin Husaini ɗan Hassan Mu'addib wanda aka ajiye shi a laburaren Ayatullahi Mar'ashi Najafi;
  • Kwafin rubutun hannu na shekarar 485 hijira ƙamari, na Adnan ɗan Ibrahim, wanda yana nan ajiye a laburaren Sayyid Muhammad Ali Raudati a jihar Isfahan;
  • Kwafin rubutun hannu na shekarar 494 ƙamari, na Fadlullahi Tahir Husaini, an ajiye kwafin bugun inji daga gare shi a laburaren masallacin Jami'u Tehran a shekarar 1402 ƙamari;
  • Adadin kwafin rubutun hannu na ƙarni na biyar ƙamari, yana nan a ajiye cikin laburaren Husaini Ali, laburaren Sayyid Hibatud-dini Shaharistani, laburaren Madraseh Ali Sepahlar Tehran da Markaz Ihya Miras Islami a garin ƙ.[145]

Bugu

A ƙasashen Iran, Misra, Labanun, Siriya da ƙatar an buga ɗaruruwan kwafi-kwafin littafin nahajul balaga tare da sharhi da tarjamomi daban-daban.[146] a ba'arin daɗaɗɗun bincike an gabatar da bugun nahajul balaga na shekarar 1247 ƙamari wanda aka buga shi a garin Tabriz na ƙasar Iran.[147] daga mafi muhimmancin bugun kwafi-kwafin nahajul balaga za a iya ishara da waɗannan kamar bugun kamar haka:

  • Bugun misra a shekarar 1317 ƙamari tare da bincike da taliƙi ta hannun Muhammad Hassan Na'il Al-mursafi cikin mujalladi biyu;
  • Bugun bairut tare da sharhin Muhammad Abduhu a shekarar 1302 ƙamari;
  • Bugun bairut tare da gyara na Subhi Salihu a shekarar 1387 ƙamari;
  • Bugun tehran tare da gyara da tarjamar Sayyid Ali Naƙiyyu Faizul Islam a shekarar 1405 ƙamari;

Faɗaɗa Nazari

An rubuta litattafai daban-daban game da maudu'in nahajul al-balaga daga jumlarsu za iya ishara da waɗannan kamar haka:

  • Sairi Dar Nahjil Al-balaga; wannan littafi matani ne da aka rubuta shi, silsilar ƙasidu da Murtada Muɗahhari ya yi a shekarun 1351-1352 h, shamsi, an buga su cikin jaridar darasussukan muslunci.[149] Ilahiyyat wa Mawara'al ɗabi'ati, suluk ibadat, hukumat da idalat, ahlul-baiti wa khilafat, dunya wa dunya parasti, suna cikin jumlar take da wannan littafi ya ƙunsa.[150] an tarjama wannan littafa zuwa mabambanta harsuna daga jumlatsu akwai harshen larabci da turanci.[151]
  • Shanakte Wijegihaye Nahjil Al-balaga, wannan littafi bahasosi ne misalin larura komawa ga nahajul balaga, ƙimar sanadan da mariskan nahajul balaga, dalilan lafiya da asalin nahajul balaga da jan hankali da yake yi.[152] wannan littafi Muhammad Dashti ne ya yi talifinsa kuma mu'assasar farhangi tahƙiƙati Amirul Al-muminin (A.S) suka ɗauki nauyi buga shi.[153]
  • Amirul Al-muminin wa nahajul al-balaga, cikin wannan littafian gabatar da bayani kan halayen Imam Ali (A.S) halayen Sayyid Radiyu da huɗubobin nahajul balaga tare da bada amsa kan wasu shubuhohi da aka yi kan littafin. Haka nan cikin wannan littafi an gabatar da fihirisar jerin sunayen mutanen da suka rubuta sharhi da masu tarjama kan nahajul balaga.[154]wannan littafi an buga ƙarƙashin tallafin bunyade nahajul balaga da kuma tsayuwa da ƙoƙarin talifi daga Azizullahi Aɗɗaridi a shekarar 1379 hijira shamsi.[155]
  • Kaweshi dar nahajul balaga, wasu adadin ƙasidu ne daga marubuta misalin Muhammad Taƙiyyu Jafari, Hassan Hassan Zadeh, Abdullahi Jawadi Amoli da Abu ƙasim Khaz Ali, bunyade nahajul balaga ta buga da fitar da shi.[156] akwai wani littafin daban ɗauke da irin wannan suna da Sayyid Jalil Murtazawi ya rubuta kan tushe da hususiyoyin hukumar muslunci, littafin yana ɗauke da shafuka 224.[157]
  • Amuzesh Nahajul Al-balaga, na Sayyid Muhammad Mahadi Jafari, ma'aikatar al'adu da tarbiyyar muslunci ta Iran ce ta buga shi a shekarar 1380 hijara shamsi.[158]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Mostafawi, Mu'arrifi Nahj al-Balagha,” shafi na 23.
  2. ↑ Hafezian Babli, “Nahj al-Balagha,” shafi na 11.
  3. ↑ Mustafavi, Rabiteh Nahj al-Balagha wa Kur'an, 2006, shafi na 32.
  4. ↑ Malamina, Kitabnameh Nahj al-Balagha, 1359 AH, kowane littafi.
  5. ↑ Amin, Ayan al-Shia, 1406 AH, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 218.
  6. ↑ Rafi’i, “Alawi Nahj al-Balagha,” shafi na 131.
  7. ↑ Hadith Nouri, Mustadrak al-Wasa’il (Karshen Mustadrak al-Wasa’il), 1408 AH, juzu’i na 21, shafi na 204.
  8. ↑ Sayyed Razi, Nahj al-Balagheh, Sobhi Saleh ya gyara shi, 1414 AH, shafi 559.
  9. ↑ Jafari, Sayyid Razi, 1375, shafi na 22.
  10. ↑ Amin, Ayan al-Shia, 1406 AH, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 218.
  11. ↑ Sayyed Razi, Nahj al-Balagheh, Sobhi Saleh ya gyara, 1414 AH, gabatarwa, shafi na 34.
  12. ↑ Seyyed Razi, Nahj al-Balagheh, Sobhi Saleh ya gyara, 1414 AH, gabatarwa, shafi na 35.
  13. ↑ Seyyed Razi, Nahj al-Balagha, editan Sobhi Saleh, 1414 AH, gabatarwa, shafi na 36.
  14. ↑ Abd, Sharh Nahj al-Balaghah, Al-Istiqama Press, shafi na 10. ↑
  15. ↑ Hafezian Babili, “Nahj al-Balagha,” shafi na 32.
  16. ↑ Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, 1404 BC, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 24.
  17. ↑ Duba: Al-Husaini al-Khatib, Masadir Nahj al-Balagha da Asanidah, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 105-119.
  18. ↑ Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, 1404 BC, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 214.
  19. ↑ Jardaq, Imam Ali (a.s.) Sautul Al-idalatil Al-insaniyya, 2010, shafi na 282
  20. ↑ Al-Husaini al-Khatib, Masadir Nahj al-Balagha da Asanidah, 1409 AH, mujalladi na 1, shafi na 108-109.
  21. ↑ Muhyiddin, “mukaddime”, dar kitabe Sharh Nahj al-Balaghah wanda Mohammad Abdo ya rubuta, juzu’i na 1, shafi na B.
  22. ↑ Hashemi Khoi, Minhaj al-Baraa', 1400 Hijira, juzu'i na 21, shafi na 379.
  23. ↑ Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 19, shafi 184; Hashemi Khoei, Minhaj al-Bara’ah, 1400 AH, juzu’i na 21, shafi na 379; Makarem Shirazi, Payame Imam Amirul Muminin (a.s), 1375H, juzu'i na 14, shafi na 395.
  24. ↑ نگاه کنید به: جرداق، الامام علی(ع) صوت العدالة الانسانیة، ۲۰۱۰م، ص۲۸۲؛ «نهج البلاغه از نگاه آنتوان بارا نویسنده مسیحی»، در سایت مؤسسه تحقیقات و نشر معارف اهل بیت(ع).
  25. ↑ Radaq, Rawa'i'u Nahj al-Balaghah, 1417 AH, shafi na takardar shaidar littafin.
  26. ↑ برای نمونه نگاه کنید به: «ماجرای مسلمان شدن یک آمریکایی به برکت نهج البلاغه»، در خبرگزاری حوزه؛ «اظهارات خواندنی جوان اروپایی که شیعه شد»، در سایت بنیاد بین المللی استبصار؛ «مسلمان شدن ۸۰ سرخپوست با نهج البلاغه»، در پایگاه خبری صاحب نیوز؛ «پدر و مادرم از طریق نهج البلاغه مسلمان شدند»، در خبرگزاری ایسنا؛ «آشنایی با آموزه‌های متعالی نهج البلاغه زمینه‌ساز تشرف یک جوان اهل کوزوو به تشیع بود»، در خبرگزاری بین المللی قرآن.
  27. ↑ نگاه کنید به: «مسلمان شدن پروفسور لگنهاوزن با مطالعه نهج البلاغه»، در سایت آپارات؛ «پروفسور محمد لگنهاوزن چگونه مسلمان و شیعه شد؟»، در سایت یوتیوب.
  28. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Payame Imam Amirul Muminin (a.s) 1375H, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 39.
  29. ↑ Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, 1404 BC, juzu'i na 11, shafi na 153.
  30. ↑ «بندی از شرح نهج البلاغه ابن ابی‌الحدید»، وبگاه کتابخانه و موزۀ ملی مَلِک.
  31. ↑ Akkad, Abqaritau Imam Ali, 1431H, shafi na 127.
  32. ↑ Hafiziyan Babili, “Nahj al-Balagha”, shafi na 44.
  33. ↑ Hafiziyan Babili, “Nahj al-Balagheh”, shafi na 45.
  34. ↑ Hafiziyan Babili, “Nahj al-Balagha”, shafi na 44.
  35. ↑ جوادی آملی، «تفسیر سوره جمعه جلسه ۱۰».
  36. ↑ Duba: Nahj al-Balagheh, Sahih Sobhi Saleh, 1414 AH, shafi na 39-39.
  37. ↑ Shahidi, “mukaddime”, dar Nahj al-Balagha, 1378 AH, shafi.
  38. ↑ Shahidi, “mukaddime”, dar Nahj al-Balagha, 1378 AH, shafi.
  39. ↑ Hafezian Babili, “Nahj al-Balagha,” shafi na 19.
  40. ↑ Ibn Maitham Bahrani, Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 251.
  41. ↑ Nahj al-Balagha, Subhi Saleh ya yi gyara, 1414 AH, Huduba ta 3, shafi na 48-49.
  42. ↑ Nahj al-Balagha, Subhi Saleh ya yi gyara, 1414 AH, Huduba ta 3, shafi na 48-49.
  43. ↑ Nahj al-Balagha, ya inganta daga Subhi Saleh, 1414 AH, Huduba ta 83, shafi na 107-114.
  44. ↑ Nahj al-Balagha, ya inganta daga Subhi Saleh, 1414 AH, Huduba ta 83, shafi na 107-114.
  45. ↑ Hashemi Khoi, Minhaj al-Bara’ah fi Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, 1400 AH, juzu’i na 6, shafi na 70.
  46. ↑ Hoshiar, da Jalil Tajleel, "Barsi Tadbiki simani Insan Kamel dar khudube Motaqin Nahj al-Balagheh wa Asare Azizuddin Nasfi", shafi na 20.
  47. ↑ Nahj al-Balagha, wanda Sobhi Saleh ya gyara, 1414 Hijira, hadisi na 193, shafi na 303.
  48. ↑ Motahhari, Majmueh Athars Shahid Motahhari, 1372 AH, juzu'i na 16, shafi na 360.
  49. ↑ Nahj al-Balagha, gyara Sobhi Saleh, 1414 AH, huduba 193, shafi na 306.
  50. ↑ Hafiziyan Babili, “Nahj al-Balagheh”, shafi na 19.
  51. ↑ Shahidi, "mukaddime", dar Nahj al-Balagha, 1378, shafi.
  52. ↑ Beheshti, wa Payam Sadrieh, "Akhlaq siyasi dar namehahye Nahj al-Balagheh", shafi na 12.
  53. ↑ Shahidi, "\mukaddimeh", dar Nahj al-Balagha, 1378, shafi.
  54. ↑ Duba: Nahj al-Balagheh, Sahih Sobhi Saleh, 1414 AH, shafi na 559-469.
  55. ↑ Sayyed Razi, Nahj al-Balagheh, Sobhi Saleh ya gyara, 1414 AH, shafi na 469.
  56. ↑ Duba: Nahj al-Balagheh, Sahih Sobhi Saleh, 1414 AH, shafi 515.
  57. ↑ Duba: Nahj al-Balagheh, Sahih Sobhi Saleh, 1414 AH, shafi na 517-520.
  58. ↑ Ibrahim, “mukaddimeh”, dar Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, wanda Ibn Abi al-Hadid ya rubuta, 1404 AH, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 7.
  59. ↑ Hafezian Babili, “Nahj al-Balagha,” shafi na 24-25.
  60. ↑ Mostafawi, “Mu'arrifi Nahj al-Balagha,” shafi na 35-36.
  61. ↑ Shushtari, Bahj al-Sabbagha fi Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, 1376 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 20.
  62. ↑ Shushtari, Bahj al-Sabagha fi Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, 1376 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 20-22.
  63. ↑ Mehrizi, Ashnayi ba mutune Hadisi wa Nahj al-Balagha, 1377H, 159.
  64. ↑ Hafezian Babili, “Nahj al-Balagha,” shafi na 22.
  65. ↑ Hafezian Babili, “Nahj al-Balagha,” shafi na 25.
  66. ↑ Mahmoudi, Nahj al-Saada, 1418 AH, kowane littafi.
  67. ↑ Kashif al-Ghita’, Mustadrak Nahj al-Balagha, Al-Andalus Library, Game da Fahimtar Nahj al-Balagha da tunkude Shakku Game da Shi, shafi na 193-269.
  68. ↑ Hafezian Babili, “Nahj al-Balagha,” shafi na 26.
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  70. ↑ ↑ Nimah, masadir Nahj al-Balagha, 1392 BC, kowane littafi.
  71. ↑ Dashti, Madariku Nahj al-Balagha, 1378, dukan littafin.
  72. ↑ Dashti, Madariku Nahj al-Balagha, 1378, dukan littafin.
  73. ↑ Ustadi, Bahasi Kotah Peramon, Madarik Nahj al-Balagha, 1396 BC, kowane littafi.
  74. ↑ Al-Husseini Al-Khatib, Masadir Nahj al-Balagha da isnadinsa, 1409 AH, kowane littafi.
  75. ↑ Dinborough, “Nahj al-Balagha, bugun Gaudan,” shafi na 60-64.
  76. ↑ Hafezian Babili, “Nahj al-Balagha,” shafi na 77.
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  79. ↑ "Nassin Nahj al-Balagheh, dar guftagu ba Ayatullah Jafar Sobhani", shafi na 45.
  80. ↑ Fayd al-Islam, Tarjameh wa sharhe Nahj al-Balagha, 1379 AH, shafi na Shenasnama.
  81. ↑ Sayyed Radhi, Nahj al-Balagha,Tarjameh Abd al-Muhammad Ayti, 1378 AH, shafi na Shenasnama.
  82. ↑ Sayyed Razi, Tarjameh Nahj al-Balagha, Muhammad Taqi Jafari, 1380 AH, shafi na Shinasnama.
  83. ↑ Sayyed Razi, Tarjameh Nahj al-Balagha, Muhammad Dashti, 1379 AH, shafi na Shenasnama.
  84. ↑ Sayyid Razi, TarjamehNahj al-Balagha, Muhammad Mahdi Fouladvand, 1380 AH, shafi na Shenasnama.
  85. ↑ Sayyed Radhi, Tarjameh Nahj al-Balagha, Hussein Ansarian, 1388 AH, shafi na Shenasnama.
  86. ↑ «صفارزاده نهج البلاغه را به سه زبان ترجمه کرد»، در پایگاه اطلاع‌رسانی حوزه.
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  96. ↑ Hashemi Khoi, Minhaj al-Baraa fi Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, 1400 AH, kowane littafi.
  97. ↑ Qutb Rawandi, Minhaj al-Baraa fi Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, 1406 AH, kowane littafi.
  98. ↑ Qutb al-Din Kidari, Hadaeq al-Haqaiq fi Sharh Nahj al-Balaghah, 1416 AH, dukan littafin.
  99. ↑ Jafari, Tarjameh wa tafsir Nahj al-Balagha, 1376 AH, kowane littafi.
  100. ↑ Faydul Islam, Trajame wa sharhe Nahj al-Balagha, 1379 AH, bakidayan littafin.
  101. ↑ Nawab Lahiji, Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, 1379 AH, duka littafin.
  102. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Payame Imam Amirul Muminin (a.s) 1375 AH, dukkan littafai.
  103. ↑ Hafezian Babili, “Nahj al-Balagha,” shafi na 28.
  104. ↑ Hafezian Babili, “Nahj al-Balagha,” shafi na 28.
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  107. ↑ Kashif al-Ghita’, Mustadrak Nahj al-Balagha, Al-Andalus Library, shafi na 16-192.
  108. ↑ Musawi, Nahj al-Balagha, 1426 AH, dukan littafin.
  109. ↑ Mahmoudi, Nahj al-Saadah, 1418 AH, dukan littafin.
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  112. ↑ "Nahj al-Balagha Parsi der Buteh Criticism," shafi na 98.
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  115. ↑ «مروری بر شناسنامه رشته علوم و معارف نهج البلاغه در کشور»، در سایت انجمن علمی مطالعات نهج البلاغه ایران.
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  120. ↑ Montazeri, Darasi na Nahj al-Balagha, 1383 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 63.
  121. ↑ “Minhaje Al-Nour (Daneshname Alawi)”, shafi na 164.
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  126. ↑ Ibn Hajar Asqlani, Lasan al-Mizan, 1390H, juzu’i na 4, shafi na 223.
  127. ↑ Dawani, "Sayyid Razi, Mu'allif Nahj al-Balagha," shafi na 117-125.
  128. ↑ Attardi, “mukaddima”, dar kitabe Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, 1375 AH, shafi na 14.
  129. ↑ Shahrashtani, Ma Ho Nahj al-Balagha, 1961, shafi na 13.
  130. ↑ Najashi, Rizal al-Najashi, 1365, shafi na 398.
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  134. ↑ Bahr Al-Ulum, Al-Fawa'id Al-Rijaliyah, 1363 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 118.
  135. ↑ Shahrashtani, Ma Ho Nahj al-Balagheh, 1961, shafi na 21.
  136. ↑ Yaqoubi, Mishakle al-Nas Lazmanham, 1980, shafi na 15.
  137. ↑ Masoudi, Moruj al-Dahahab, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi 419.
  138. ↑ Harrani, Tohaf al-Oqul, 1404 AH, shafi na 61.
  139. ↑ Mustafavi, " Muarrifi Nahj al-Balagheh", shafi na 33.
  140. ↑ Mustafavi, Mu'arrifi Nahj al-Balagheh", shafi na 33-35. ↑
  141. ↑ «نهج‌البلاغه ایلخانان»، کتابخانه و موزه ملی ملک.
  142. ↑ Hafiziyan Babili, "Nahj al-Balagha", shafi na 83.
  143. ↑ Hafiziyan Babili, "Nahj al-Balagha", shafi na 83.
  144. ↑ Tabatabai, "Al-mutabaqqi min maktutat Nahj al-Balagha hatta nihayat Karni Al-samin," lulle maqalat; Tabatabai, “ma tabaqqa min maktuitat Nahj al-Balagha,”kulle makale; Tabatabai, "Fi rahabe Nahj al-Balagha," kowane labarin.
  145. ↑ Hafezian Babili, “Nahj al-Balagha,” shafi na 84-85.
  146. ↑ Hafezian Babili, “Nahj al-Balagha,” shafi na 80.
  147. ↑ Tabatabai, "Fi Rehab na Nahj al-Balagha," shafi na 24.
  148. ↑ Hafezian Babili, “Nahj al-Balagha,” shafi na 80.
  149. ↑ Motahari, Sairi dar Nahj al-Balagheh, 1379, shafi na 17-18. ↑
  150. ↑ Motahari, Sairi Dar Nahj al-Balagheh, 1379, jerin littafai.
  151. ↑ Duba: Motahari, Fi Rehab Nahj al-Balagheh, Tarjama Al-Dar al-Islamiyya, 1413 AH, tantance littafin; Motahari, Halayen Nahj al-
  152. ↑ Dashti, Shanakht va Wizghiha Nahj al-Balagha, 1392 AH, littafin fihirisa.
  153. ↑ Dashti, Shanakht va Wizghiha Nahj al-Balagha, 1392 AH, littafin fihirisa.
  154. ↑ Attardi, Amirul Muminin (a.s) wa Nahj al-Balagha, 1379 AH, Kitab Fahrist.
  155. ↑ Attardi, Amirul Muminin (a.s) wa Nahj al-Balagha, 1379 AH, Shanasnama Kitab.
  156. ↑ Grohi az muallifan, Kawshi dar Nahj al-Balagha, 1401 AH, Shanasnameh Kitab.
  157. ↑ Mortazavi, Kawshi Dar Nahj al-Balagha, 1400 AH, Shanasnameh Kitab.
  158. ↑ Jafari, Amuzh Nahj al-Balagha, 1380 AH, Shanasnameh Kitab.

Tsokaci

  1. ↑ ba a buga wannan littafi ba har zuwa yanzu.[69]

Nassoshi

«نهج البلاغه پارسی در بوته نقد»، فصلنامه پژوهش‌های نهج البلاغه، شماره ۱، پاییز ۱۳۸۰ش. «مروری بر شناسنامه رشته علوم و معارف نهج البلاغه در کشور»، در سایت انجمن علمی مطالعات نهج البلاغه ایران، تاریخ بازدید: ۱۸ مرداد ۱۴۰۳ش. جوادی آملی، عبدالله، «تفسیر سوره جمعه جلسه ۱۰»، در سایت دفتر مرجعیت آیت‌الله العظمی جوادی آملی، تاریخ درج: ۲۷ فروردین ۱۳۹۷ش، تاریخ بازدید: ۱۸ مرداد ۱۴۰۳ش. مصطفوی، سید جواد، «معرفی نهج البلاغه»، مجله مشکات، شماره ۱، پاییز ۱۳۶۱ش.

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