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Ahmad Bin Ali Najashi

Daga wikishia
Ahmad Bin Ali Najashi
Mafi shaharar malamin rijal na Shi'a
Cikakken SunaAhmad Bin Ali Bin Ahmad Najjashi Asadi
LaƙabiNajjashi
NasabaAbdullahi Bin Najashi, Gwamnan Ahwaz a zamanin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)
Tarihin haihuwaSafar shekara ta 372 hijira
Wurin rayuwaBagdad da Kufa
Tarihin rasuwaJimadal Ula shekara ta 450 ko 463 hijira
Garin da ya rasuMaɗir Abad (Gefan garin Samarra)
Fitattun dangiAbdullahi Bin Najashi
MalamaiShaikh Mufid, Tal'ukbari, Ibn Nuhu Sairafi, Husaini Bin Ubaidullahi, Ibn Abdun da Ibn Jundi
ƊalibaiAbu Samsam da Ali Bin Ahmad (Ɗa ga Najashi)
Izinin riwaya dagaShaikh Mufid, Husaini Bin Ubaidullahi Gada'iri, Sayyid Murtada da Ibn Shazan Ƙummi


Ahmad Bin Ali Najashi (Larabci: أحمد بن علي النجاشي) wanda ya rayu shekaru 372-450 ko 463 hijira, mafi shaharar malaman rijal na Shi'a kuma marubucin littafin Fahrisat Asma'i Musannifish Shi'a, wanda aka fi sani da "Rijalu Najashi" ya kasance mafi sani a fagen ilimin rijal na Shi'a, an kira shi da taken Siƙa (Amintacce), da kuma abin dogara a litattafan ilimin rijal.

An ce Najashi ya naƙalto hadisi daga malaman hadisi 30 zuwa 50, daga jumlarsu akwai Shaikh Mufid da Ibn Gada'iri. Mutane biyar daga gare su ƙarara ya kira su da Siƙa.

Najashi, ya karanta adadin litattafai a wurin malaman zamaninsa da tsarin karatun hadisi (Ɗaya ne daga hanyoyin ɗaukar hadisi) ya kuma sami izinin naƙalin hadisi daga wurin su. Malaman hadisi kamar Abu Samsam da Ali Bin Ahmad (Ɗa ga Najashi) sun naƙalci hadisi daga wurinsa, haka nan Najashi yana da talifi guda biyar, ya kuma kwafi ba'arin litattafai.

Nazarin Wane ne Shi Da Kuma Matsayinsa

Ahmad Bin Ali, ko Ahmad Bin Abbas Najjashi Asadi[1] Sairafi[2] marubucin littafin "Fahrisat Asma'i Musannifish Shi'a" wanda aka fi sani da Rijalu Najashi, haka nan ana kiran Najashi da "Ibn Kufi"[3] Ahlus-Sunna suna kiransa da Ibn Najashi.[4] A cewar Najjashi kaka na takwas ga Ahmad Bin Ali, Abdullahi Bin Najashi a zamanin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) da halifancin Mansur Dawaniƙi ya kasance gwamnan garin Ahwaz, Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya rubuta Risala Ahwaziyya cikin amsa ga tambayoyinsa.[5]

An ce an haife shi watan Safar shekara ta 372 hijira, haka kuma ya rasu a watan Jimada Al'ula shekara 450 hijira[6] a Maɗir Abad (Wani ƙauye da yake gefen Samarra)[7] sannan an ambaci cewa ya rayu a birnin Bagdad[8] ko Kufa.[9]

Inganci Da Aminci

Cikin litattafan ilimin rijal an kira Najashi da sunaye misalin Siƙa (Abin dogara),[10] "Fadil Jalilul ƙadri"[11] "Azbaɗul Jama'a" (Mafi dandaƙewa cikin naƙalin riwaya),[12] "Abin dogaran malamai",[13] "Mai gaskiya a gurin wanda ya yarda da shi da wanda ya saɓa masa"[14] da kuma "Malami mai suka mai basira"[15] da malami mafi sani[16] da kuma mafi shaharar malamin rijal na Shi'a.[17]

A cewar Sayyid Muhammad Mahadi Bahrul Ulum (Rayuwa: 1155-1212 hijira), Najashi ya kasance cikin rukunan Jarhi da Ta'adili.[18] Ba'arin malaman rijal na Shi'a, misalin Shahidus Sani da Bahrul Ulum, a wasu wurare da marawaita suka samu cin karo tsakanin maganar Najashi da Shaik Ɗusi, suna ɗaukar maganar Najashi.[19]

Malamai Da Almajiransa

Bahrul Ulum cikin littafin Al-Fawa'idur Rijaliyya, ya ce Najashi ya karɓo riwaya daga malaman hadisi guda 30,[20] kuma an ce adadinsu ya kai 50.[21] A cewar Bahrul Ulum, Najashi mutane biyar daga malamansa misalin Shaikh Mufid,[22] Tal'ukbari,[23] Ibn Nuhu Sairafi,[24] Abu Faraj Ƙana'i[25] da Hassan Bin Haisam Ijli[26] ƙarara ya inganta su da wassaƙa su amma sauran kuma ya girmama su ya yabe su.[27] Najashi aksarin riwayoyi ya naƙalto ne daga Shaikh Mufid, Husaini Bin Ubaidullahi, Ibn Abdun, Ibn Jundi, Ibn Nuhu Sairafi da Abu Faraj Ƙana'i.[28]

A cewar Najashi, ba'arin litattafai ya yi karatunsu a wurin malaman zamaninsa da salon karanta hadisi (Daga cikin hanyoyin ɗaukar hadisi),[29] haka kuma adadi daga litattafan Shaik Saduƙ ya karanta su a wurin mahaifinsa (Ali Bin Ahmad Najashi)[30] kuma aksarin litattafan Ibn Ƙulawaihi ya karanta su a wurin Shaikh Mufid da Husaini Bin Ubaidullahi Gada'iri.[31]

A cewar Sayyid Muhammad Baƙir Khunsari a cikin littafin Raudatul Jannat, Najashi ya karanta aksarin litattafai a wurin Sayyid Murtada.[32] Bisa rahotan Najashi, ba'arin manyan mutane sun bashi izinin naƙalin dukkanin litattafansu ko ba'arinsu; daga jumlarsu akwai Ibn Gada'iri,[33] Ibn Shazan Ƙummi,[34] Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Abi Ƙurra,[35] Abu Abdullahi Bin Khamri[36] da Abu Shuja Arjani.[37]

An ce Abu Samsam (Zulfiƙar Bin Mu'abbid)[38] da Ali Bin Ahmad (Ɗa ga Najashi)[39] sun kasance almajiran Najashi da suka naƙalci riwaya daga gare shi, haka kuma Bahrul Ulum ya yi imani cewa Najashi yana cikin malaman Shaik Ɗusi;[40] Sai dai cewa Muhammad Taƙiyyu Shushtari ya yi watsi da wannan maganar.[41]

Ayyuka Da Talifi

A cewar Najashi, yana da talifi guda biyar[42] cikinsu guɗa ne rak aka buga shi da ake kira da suna Kitab Rijal Najashi.[43]

  • Fahrisat Asma'i Musannifish Shi'a, wanda aka fi sani da Rijal Najashi, mafi shaharar ayyukansa. Najashi da kansa ya yi bayani cewa wannan littafi ya rubuta shi ne cikin amsa kan sukan da Ahlus-Sunna suka yi wa Shi'a na cewa ƴanshi'a ba su da marubuci, sai ya rubuto bayanan masu yawa game da marubutan Shi'a ya tattaro su ya tsara su kan jerin haruffa.[44]
  • Aljum'atu Wa Ma Warada Fiha Minal A'amal
  • Al-Kufa Wa Ma Fiha Minal Asar Wal Fada'ili
  • Ansabu Bani Nadar Bin Ƙa'in Wa Ayyamihim Wa Ash'arihim
  • Mukhtasarul Anwar Wa Mawadi'ul Nujumi Allati Sammatha Arab.[45]

Agha Buzurge Tehrani, cikin littafin Fahrisat na ayyukansa, ya ambaci littafi tafsiri na Najashi.[46] A cewar Najashi, wasu litattafan ya kwafo su ne daga cikinsu akwai (Kitabul Hajji) na Ali Bin Abdullahi Bin Maimuni, malamin hadisi a ƙarni na biyar hijira,[47] da littafin "Musnad Abi Nu'as da Hija da Ash'as da Bahlul da Ju'aifaran da abin da suka rawaito daga hadisi" talifin Abu Shuja Arjani.[48]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Najashi, Rizal al-Najashi, 1376, shafi na 101.
  2. ↑ Mamaqani, Tanƙihul Al-Maqal fi ilm al-Rejal, Al-Mortazawiyya Press, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 69.
  3. ↑ Zarkali, Al-Alam, 1989, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 172.
  4. ↑ Dhahabi, Siyarul A'Alamil Nubala, 1414 AH, juzu'i. 17, shafi. 328.
  5. ↑ Najashi, Rizal al-Najashi, 1365, shafi na 101.
  6. ↑ Allameh Hilli, Khulasatul Aƙwali Fi Marifati Ilmi Rijal, 1417H, shafi. 73; Shabiri Zanjani, "Abul Abbas Najashi Wa Asrihi (2)", shafi. 25.
  7. ↑ Bahr al-Uloom, Al-Fawaid al-Rijaliyyah, 1363, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 36, Muhammad Sadiq da Hussein Bahr al-Uloom.
  8. ↑ Shushtri, Qamoos al-Rajal, 1368, juzu'i na 1, shafi.523.
  9. ↑ Bahr al-Uloom, al-Fawad al-Rajliyyah, 1363, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 49.
  10. ↑ Allameh Hilli, Khulasatul Aƙwali Fi Marifati ilimi Rijal, 1417H, shafi. 72; Bahr al-Uloom, al-Fawa'id al-Rajliyyah, 1363, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 35.
  11. ↑ Mir Damad, Al-Rawasheh Al-Samawiyya Fi Sharhi Ahadisil Imamiyya, 1380, shafi. 127.
  12. ↑ Shahid Thani, Masalik al-Afham Ila Tanƙihil Shara'i'il Islam, 1413 AH, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 467.
  13. ↑ Bahr al-Uloom, al-Fawa'id al-Rejaliyya, 1363, juzu'i. 2, shafi na 35 da 46; Jazayeri, Hawi Al-Aƙwali Fi Marifati Arrijal, 1418 AH, juzu'i. 4, shafi. 438.
  14. ↑ Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1362, juzu'i. 91, shafi. 32.
  15. ↑ Muhaddith Nouri, Khatama Mustardaq al-Wasail, 1429 AH, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 146.
  16. ↑ Bahr al-Uloom, al-Fawa'id al-Rejaliyya, 1363, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 35; Muhaddith Nouri, Khatama Mustardaq al-Wasail, 1429 AH, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 146.
  17. ↑ Shubair Zanjani, “Abu al-Abbas al-Najashi Wa Asrihi”, shafi. 11.
  18. ↑ Bahr al-Uloom, al-Fawa'id al-Rejaliyya, 1363, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 35 da 46.
  19. ↑ Shahid Thani, Masalek al-AfhamIla Tankih Shaara'e al-Islam, 1413 AH, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 467; Bahr al-Uloom, al-Fawa'id al-Rejaliyyah, 1363, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 46.
  20. ↑ Bahr al-Uloom, al-Fawa'id al-Rejaliyyah, 1363, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 85-50.
  21. ↑ Malekian, "Muƙaddimatu", shafi na 33-39.
  22. ↑ Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1376, shafi. 399.
  23. ↑ Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1376, shafi. 439.
  24. ↑ Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1376, shafi. 86.
  25. ↑ Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1376, shafi. 398.
  26. ↑ Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1376, shafi. 65.
  27. ↑ Bahr al-Uloom, al-Fawa'id al-Rejaliyyah, 1363, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 84-85.
  28. ↑ Bahr al-Uloom, al-Fawa'id al-Rejaliyyah, 1363, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 86.
  29. ↑ Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1376 AH, shafi na 31, 48, 63, 68, 75, 145, 297, 310, da 451.
  30. ↑ Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1365, shafi na 392.
  31. ↑ Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1365, shafi na 142.
  32. ↑ Khansari, Rauzat al-Jannat fi ahval al-Ulama Wa Sadat, 1349, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 63.
  33. ↑ Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1365, shafi. 71.
  34. ↑ Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1365, shafi. 88.
  35. ↑ Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1365, shafi. 398.
  36. ↑ Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1365, shafi. 68.
  37. ↑ Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1365, shafi. 310.
  38. ↑ Khansari, Raudatul Aljannat Fi Ahwali Al-Ulama Was Sadat, 1349, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 63.
  39. ↑ Safadi, Al-Wafi Bel Wafayat, 1420 AH, juzu'i. 7, shafi. 124.
  40. ↑ Bahr al-Uloom, al-Fawa'id al-Rejaliyyah, 1363, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 38.
  41. ↑ Shushtri,Qamus Al-Rejal, 1368, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 520.
  42. ↑ Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1365, shafi na 101.
  43. ↑ Malekian, "Muƙaddimatu", shafi. 45.
  44. ↑ Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1376, shafi na 3.
  45. ↑ Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1376, shafi na 101
  46. ↑ Agha Bozorg, Al-Dhari'ah, 1403 AH, juzu'i. 4, shafi. 317.
  47. ↑ Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1376, shafi. 268.
  48. ↑ Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1376, shafi. 310.

Nassoshi

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  • Jazayeri, Abdul Nabi, Hawi al-Aqwal fi ma'rifat al-Rijal, Qom, Riyadh al-Nasiri, 1418 AH.
  • Khwansari, Muhammad Baqir, Rawdat al-Jannat fi 'Ahwal al-Ulama wal-Sadat, Qom, Ismailiyan, 1349 AH.
  • Dhahabi, Muhammad bin Ahmad, Siyar A'Alam al-Nubala', Beirut, Musassa al-Risa'l, 1414H.
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  • Shubeiri Zanjani, Sayyid Musa, «ابوالعباس نجاشی و عصر وی»،Mujallar Noor Alam, fitowa ta 11, ga Agusta 1985.
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  • Shahid Thani, Zain al-Din bin Ali, Masalik al-Afham IlaTankih Shaara'e al-Islam, kungiyar bincike na Cibiyar Ilimin Musulunci, Qum, Cibiyar Encyclopaedia Musulunci, bugu na farko, 1413H.
  • Shushtri, Mohammad Taqi, Qamus Al-Rajal, Qum, ofishin wallafe-wallafen Musulunci, 1368.
  • Safadi, Khalil bin Aibak, al-Wafi Bel Wafayat, Beirut, Dar Ihya al-Trath al-Arabi, 1420H.
  • Allameh Hilli, Hasan bin Yusuf, Khulasatul Aƙwali Fi Marifati al-Rijal, Shiraz, Cibiyar Hafeznizi, 1417H.
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  • Majlesi, Mohammad Baqer, Bihar al-Anwar al-Jame'a Liduraril Akhbar al-A'imma al-Athar, Beirut, Dar Ahya al-Trath al-Arabi, 1362.
  • Muhaddith Nouri, Hossein, Khatama Mustardak al-Wasail, Bincike da Mu’assasar Al-Bait ta Farfado da Al’ada, Qum, Mu’assasar Al-Baiti don Farfaɗo da Al’ada, bugu na farko, 1429H.
  • Malikian, Mohammad Baqir, "Moghaddema", Rizal Al-Najashi, Ahmad Bin Ali Najashi, Qom, Bostan Kitab, 1394.
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  • Najashi, Ahmad bin Ali, Rijal al-Najashi, Qum, Al-Nashar al-Islami Est., bugun 6, 1365.
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