Suratul Nasri

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Suratul Nasri

Suratu Nasri (Larabci: سورة النصر) Sura ce da ta 110 cikin Surorin da suka sauka a Madina sannan tana cikin juzu’i talatin, ta samu wannan suna ne daga aya ta farko da take bada ma’anar nasara. Sannan kuma ana kiranta da (Iza ja’a) sura ce da ta kunshi bada gaibu da abubuwa uku da zasu faru nan gaba) sune: Fatahu Makka tare da babbar nasara da galabar muslunci, musluntar mutanen garin Makka da geffanta da kuma yin mubaya’a ga Manzon Allah (S.A.W) da kuma wafatin Annabi (S.A.W) amsa addu’a da samun nasara kan Magauta suna daga hususiyar karanta wannan sura.

Gabatarwa

  • Sanya mata wannan suna

Shahararren sunan wannan sura shi ne Nasru, dalilin sanya mata wannan suna ya samu daga aya ta farkon surar da take Magana kan nasarar Allah, sannan ana kiran ta da sunan (Iza ja’a) domin ta fara ne da wannan kalma, suna na uku da take da shi ne taudi’u (bankwana). Dalilin sanya mata wannan suna na uku ya samu ne sakamakon saukar ta a karshen rayuwar Annabi (S.A.W) da bankwanan da Suka yi da Mala’ika Jibrilu. [1]

File:تابلوی معرق سوره نصر.jpg
Allon Rubutun suratul Nasri
  • jerantuwa da kuma mahallin saukar ta

Suratu Nasri tana jerin surorin da suka sauka a Madina kuma sura ce ta 102 cikin tsarin jerin sauka na surorin Kur’ani da suka sauka wurin Annabi (S.A.W) sannan ta na cikin sura ta 110 cikin tsarin Kur’ani a yanzu. [2] Wasu ba’arin masu tafsiri [3] sun lissafa ta a sura 110 ko kuma 111 ko 112 da ta sauka, suratu Nasri tana cikin jerin urori 14-16 da suka sauka a kammale a lokaci guda ana kiransu da sunan (Surori Jam’iyyul Nuzul) [4] a wata riwaya daga Imam Rida (A.S) daga baban sa Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya nakalto cewa suratu (Ikra bismi Rabbika) ita ce sura ta farko da ta fara sauka sannan kuma (Iza ja’a) ita ce sura ta karshe da ta sauka, Sayyid Muhammad Husaini Tabataba’i a cikin littafin Almizan ya rubuta cewa; akwai tsammani cewa ta yiwu abin da ake nufi da sura karshen sauka shine sura ta karshe da ta sauka a kammale tare da dukkanin ayoyinta. [5]

  • Adadin ayoyi da kalmomi

Suratu Nasri tana da ayoyi 3 kalmomi 19 haruffa 80 sannan cikin juzu’i talatin, kuma tana cikin Mufassilat gajerun surori da aka faifaice bayanin su. [6]

Abin da take kunshe da shi

Cikin suratu Nasri Allah ya yi ma Manzonsa (S.A.W) alkawarin bashi nasara da taimakon sa ya kuma shelanta cewa bada jimawa ba mutane za su shiga cikin muslunci ayari bayan ayari, saboda haka ya umarci Annabi (S.A.W) da ya yi godiya kan wannan nasara da taimako, kuma ya yi tasbihi ga ubangiji tare da godiya ya kuma ya yi Tasibhi da istigfari. Wasu Malaman tafsiri daga cikin su akwai Allama Tabataba’i sun tafi kan cewa wannan sura ta sauka ne a Madina bayan Sulhu Hudaibiyya kafin Fathu Makka, saboda haka fathun da Allah ya yi ma Annabin sa (S.A.W) alkawari shi ne Fatahu Makka [7] Abin da ta kunsa [8]

Lokacin Saukar Sura Da Kuma labarin Da Ta Bayar Kan Abin da Zai Faru

Ra’ayoyi sun banbanta dangane da lokacin saukar Surar; misali Aliyu Bn Ibrahim Qummi yana cewa: wannan sura ta sauka a garin Mina a lokacin hajjin bankwana. [9] Wahidi Nishaburi yace: ta sauka ne a lokacin da Annabi (S.A.W) yake kan hanyar sa ta dawowa daga Yakin Hunainu bayan saukar ta Annabi (S.A.W) Bai rayu fiye da shekaru biyu ba. [10] Amma wasu ba’arin daga Malaman Tafsiri misalin Ɗabarasi da Allama Tabataba’i sun tafi kan cewa wannan sura ta sauka bayan Sulhu Hudaibiyya kafin Fatahu Makka. [11] Saboda haka abin da ake nufi daga Fatahu cikin surar shi ne Fathu Makka, saboda bayan sulhu Hudaibiyya ne aka samu wannan babbar nasara mutane suka dinga shiga muslunci ayari bayan ayari. [12] Wannan sura tana dauke labarin abin da zai faru da gaibu guda uku:

  • Fatahu Makka babbar nasara da karshen galabar muslunci;
  • Musluntar mutanen Makka da geffanta da yi ma Annabi (S.A.W) mubaya’a.
  • Wafatin Annabi (S.A.W) [13] ya zo cikin littafin Majma’ul bayan cewa lokacin da wannan sura ta sauko, Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya karantawa Sahabban sa surar, dukkanin Sahabbai suka yi farin ciki suka dinga yiwa junansu kyauta, amma lokacin da Abbas ya ji labari sai ya fashe da kuka, sai Annabi (S.A.W) ya tambaye shi Baffa me yasa kake yin kuka? Sai Abbas yace: ya Manzon Allah ni ina zaton fa wannan sura tana baka labarin kusantowar mutuwarka sai Annabi (S.A.W) yace: haka ne abin da ka fahimta shi take bada labari, bayan saukar wannan sura Annabi (S.A.W) bai rayu fiye da shekaru biyu ba.

Bayan wannan abu wani bai kara ganin sa cikin farin ciki ko dariya ba, wannan ma’ana ta zo cikin adadin wasu riwayoyi [14] Wasu Malamai cikin fuskar abin da surar take shiryarwa kan labarin mutuwar Annabi (S.A.W) tare da cewa a zahirin surar babu wani batun mutuwa, suna cewa wannan sura tana shiryarwa da nuni kan cewa Annabi (S.A.W) ya kammala isar sakon muslunci, kuma ya sauke nauyin da yake wuyansa, lamarin ya zo karshe, cikin shahararren karin maganr larabawa

«عند الکمال یُرقَّب الزوال»

Duk abin da ya cimma kamalar sa to dole fa ya jira gushewar sa. [15] Matsayin Tasbihi da istigfari cikin suratu Nasri Kasantuwar Fathu Makka nasara ce da ta rusa shirka da bata ta kuma daukaka muslunci da tauhidi da kuma tabbata da ikon gaskiya, Allah ya umarci Annabi (S.A.W) da tsarkake ubangiji, sannan bisa ni’imar nasarar gaskiya ya umarce shi ya godewa Allah da yaba masa tare da fuskantar da sauran mutane kan yin tasbihi da godiya da istigfari bayan Fathu Makka, saboda sakamakon Fathu Makka Annabi (S.A.W) ya samu nasarar sauke muhimmin wazifar sa ta rusa karya da bata da barna, an umarce shi da tuna da ubangiji cikin tsarkake siffofin sa na girma ya kuma yi masa godiya cikin tunawa da shi cikin siffofin kyawu, ya kuma kore masa duk wata tawaya cikin yin istigfari da yin haka ne zai kammala godiya ga Allah. Na’am neman afuwa da gafara da Annabi (S.A.W) yake yi bashi da ma’anar gafarta masa lefuka a a yana nufin dawwamar gafara da afuwar Allah saboda shi mutum kamar yanda dai ya kasance mabukaci da gafarar Allah to mabukaci ne kan dawwamar gafarar gare shi. [16] Ummu Salma ta nakalto daga Annabi (S.A.W) a karshen rayuwar sa baya tsayawa baya zaunawa baya kai kawo sai ka same shi yana fadin (Subhanallahi wa bihamdihi wa astagfirullahi wa atubu ilaihi) sai muka tambaye shi dalilin yin haka, sai yace: an umarce ni da yin haka, lokacin yake karanta suratu Nasri. A’isha itama a wannan fage ta nakalto wannan zikiri daga Annabi (S.A.W). [17]

Falala da Hususiya

Asalin Makala: Falalolin surori Kan asasin wata riwaya da aka danganta ta zuwa ga Annabi (S.A.W) cewa duk wanda ya karanta wannan sura zai samu ladan wanda ya halarci Fathu Makka ya kuma yi yaki tare da Annabi (S.A.W) kuma ya yi shahada a filin yaki. [18] haka kuma akwai wata riwayar da take cewa duk wanda ya karanta suratu Nasri kafa goma bayan Fatiha a cikin kowacce raka’a cikin raka’a hudu a daren tara ga Sha’aban, Allah zai haramta gangar jikin ga wuta, kowacce aya tana da ladan Shahidai goma wadanda suka halarci yakin Badar kuma za a bashi ladan Malaman addini. [19] a raka’a ta uku a sallar Jafarul Dayyar ana karanta suratu Nasri. [20] wannan sura tana da husiyoyi misalin amsa addu’a da samun nasara kan Magauta. [21]

Matani

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ ﴿إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ ١ وَرَأَيْتَ النَّاسَ يَدْخُلُونَ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ أَفْوَاجًا ٢ فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْهُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ تَوَّابًا ٣﴾


(Quran: 42: 23)


Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Khorramshahi, Daneshnameh Quran wa-Quran Pajuhi, 1377, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 1270.
  2. ↑ Marafet, Amuzeshi Ulumi Akuur’ani, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 168.
  3. ↑ Marafet, Tarikh Kur’an,, shafi na 58
  4. ↑ Siyuti, Al-Itqan fi Ulum al-Qur’an, Beirut, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 145.
  5. ↑ Tabatabaei, Al-Mizan, 1394 Hijira, juzu'i na 20, shafi na 378.
  6. ↑ Khorramshahi,Daneshnameh Quran wa-Quran Pajuhi, 1377, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 1270
  7. ↑ Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, tafsiri, juzu'i na 20, shafi na 650.
  8. ↑ Khamegar, Mohammad,Saktare Surahaye Kur'anil Kareem , wanda Cibiyar Al'adu ta Kur'ani da Atrat Noor al-Saqlain, Qum, Nashra Publishing House, Ch1, 1392 suka shirya.
  9. ↑ Qomi, Tafsir Qummi, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 446-447.
  10. ↑ Vahidi Nishabouri, Asbabul Annuzul, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 248.
  11. ↑ Tabatabaei, Al-Mizan, 1394 AH, juzu'i na 20, shafi.376; Duba kuma: Tabarsi, Majma Al Bayan, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 844.
  12. ↑ Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, 1374, juzu'i na 20, shafi 651.
  13. ↑ Daneshnameh Quran w-Quran Pajuhi, 1377, juzu'i na 2, shafi 1270.
  14. ↑ Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, 1394 AH, juzu'i na 20, shafi na 378.
  15. ↑ Tabarsi, Majma Al-Bayan, 1415 AH, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 467.
  16. ↑ Ibnul Arabi, Tafsiri Ibn Al-Arabi, 1422 Hijira, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 436.
  17. ↑ Ibnul Arabi, Tafsiri Ibn Al-Arabi, 1422 Hijira, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 436.
  18. ↑ Tabarsi, Majma al-Bayan, 1415 AH, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 467.
  19. ↑ Bahrani, Al-Burhan fi Tafsir Al-Qur'an, Islamic Research Unit of Baath Foundation, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 783.
  20. ↑ Sayyid Ibn Tavus, Iqbal Bel-Aamal Al-Hasana, 1416 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 220.
  21. ↑ Qomi, Sheikh Abbas, Mufatih Al-jinan, 1390, sallar Jafar Tayar.

Nassoshi

  • Alqur'anil Kareem, tarjamar Muhammad Mehdi Fouladvand, Tehran, Darul Qur'an al-Karim, 1418H/1376H.
  • Ibn Tavus, Ali Ibn Musa, Iqbal Bel-Aamal Al-Hasannah, Research: Javad Qayyumi Esfahani, Qum, Al-Nashar Al-Taab Publishing Center of Al-Ilam Al-Islami School, 1416 AH.
  • Bahrani, Hashim bin Suleiman, Al-Burhan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an, Islamic Research Unit of Baath Foundation, 1417 AH.
  • Daneshnameh Qur'an wa-Qur'an Pajuhi, na Bahauddin Khorramshahi, Tehran, Dostane-Nahid, 1377.
  • Siyuti, Abdurrahman bin Abi Bakr, Al-Itqan fi Uloom Al-Qur'an, research: Fawaz Ahmad Zamrali, Beirut, Dar al-Kutb al-Elamiya, Beta.
  • Tabatabai, Seyyed Mohammad Hossein, Al-Mizan fi Tafsir Al-Qur'an, Beirut, Al-Alami Institute for Press, bugu na uku, 1974/1394.
  • Tabatabai, Seyyed Mohammad Hossein, Al-Mizan fi Tafsir Al-Qur'an, Mohammad Baqer Mousavi ya fassara, Qom, Islamic Publications Office, bugu na biyar, 1374.
  • Tabarsi, Fazl bin Hassan, Majma Al-Bayan fi Tafsir Al-Qur'an, Tehran, Nasser Khosrow Publishing House, 1372.
  • Qomi, Sheikh Abbas, Mofatih Al-Janan, Tehran, Ayin Danesh Publishing House, bugu na 18, 1390.
  • Qomi, Ali Ibn Ibrahim, Tafsir Qomi, bincike: Seyyed Tayyeb Mousavi Jazayeri, Kum, Dar al-Katab, 1367.
  • Marefat, Mohammad Hadi, Amuzeshi Ulum Kur'an, wanda Abu Mohammad Vakili, Cibiyar Buga Cibiyar Da'awa ta Musulunci, ta fassara, 1371.
  • Marefat, Mohammad Hadi, Tarihin Kur'ani, Tehran, Samt, 2004.
  • Makarem Shirazi, Nasser, Tafsir al-Namuneh, Tehran, Darul Kitab al-Islamiya, 1371.
  • Namazi Shahroudi, Ali, Mustadrak Safina Al-Bahar, bincike da gyara: Hasan Namazi, Kum, Al-Nashar al-Islami Foundation of Jamaat al-Madrasin, 1378.
  • Neishabouri Vahedi, Asbabul Annuzul, wanda Alireza Karagzlou Zakavati ya fassara, Tehran, Nei Publishing House, 2003
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