Ayar Sallar Juma'a

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Ayar Sallar Juma'a

Ayar sallar juma'a (Larabci:آية صلاة الجمعة )aya ce ta tara a cikin suratul Jum'a wace take umartar mutane kan sallar Juma'a da kuma barin kasuwaci a lokacin sallar juma'a.

Bisa dogaro da wannan ayar da wasu ayoyin malamai su ka yi fatawar wajabcin yin sallar Juma'a, kuma suka haramta yin kasuwanci a lokacin sallar juma'a, kai wasu daga cikin malamai ma sun tafi kan haramcin duk wani abu da zai hana yin sallar Juma'a, bisa dogaro da siyaƙin ayar, amma sun ce wannan haramcin ya taƙaita ne da lokacin da Imami ma'asumo (A.S) yake rayuwa tare da mu wato ba'a ɓoye ba.

Ya zo kan dalilin da yasa wannan ayar ta sauka, cewa lokacin sallar juma'a ta farko mutanan da suka halarta ba su da yawa, sallar da Asa'ad ɗan Zurara ya jagoranta, sai wannan ayar ta sauka ta na mai umartar mutane da su yi tarayya cikin sallar juma'a.

Nassin Aya

﴾يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا نُودِيَ لِلصَّلَاةِ مِن يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فَاسْعَوْا إِلَىٰ ذِكْرِ‌ اللهِ وَذَرُ‌وا الْبَيْعَ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ‌ لَّكُمْ إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ﴿
Ya ku ma'abata imani, idan aka kira salla ranar Juma'a, to ku tafi zuwa anbatan Allah kuma kubar kasuwanci, yin haka shi ne abin da yafi muku alheri.


(Quran: 42: 23)


Sababun Nuzul

Ɗabarsi ya ce: sallar juma'a ta farko an yita ne a Madina kafin hijarar annabi (S.A.W), wannan shi ya kai ga saukar ayar sallar juma'a, yayin da musulmi suka ga Yahudawa da Kirista suna haɗuwa a wata rana ta masamman domin yin ibada, suma sai suka ayyana wata rana domin yin ibada, to daga nan ne sai suka yi sallar juma'a da limancin As'ad ɗan Zurara a ranar larabawa wadda aka kirata da ranar juma'a sabo da taruwar al'umma, sabo da rashin yawansu sai wannan ayar ta sauka tana umartar musulmi da su halarci sallar juma'a, wadda ake kiranta da sallar juma'a.[1]

Tafsirin ayar

Abin da ake nufi da shela ko kira da ya zo a ayar shi ne kiran sallah. domin babu wani hanyar kiran sallah a muslunci sai kiran sallah, a wata ayar Allah maɗaukaki ya ce; idan aka kira ku zuwa yin sallah.[2] idan aka kira sallah a ranar juma'a a lokacin sallar juma'a wajibi ne akan duk wani musulmi su bar aiki da kasuwanci kuma da su gaggauta yin sallar juma'a.[3]

A wannan yar akwai ƙarfafa wajabci yin sallar juma'a da kuma haramcin yin kasuwanci sabo da umarni da aka yi cewa a bari kasuwanci a lokacin sallar juma'a, Allah yana cewa: ku bar kasuwanci, anan bawai kawai ana nufin kasuwanci haramun bane kaɗai a duk wata mu'amala da za ta hana yin sallah,to haramun ce, ana iya fahimtar hakan daga siyaƙin ayar.[4] sai dai wannan hukuncin na haramci ya takaita ne da lokacin rayuwar Imami Ma'asumi tare da mu, sabo da lokacin ne sallar juma'a take wajibi akan kowa ba kamar yanzu ba ya kasance zaɓi tsakanin sallar juma'a da Azuhur.[5]

Sallar juma'a

Tushen Kasida: Sallar Juma'a

Ana yin sallar juma'a a ranar juma'a.[6] a madadin sallar Azahur.[7] raka'a biyu ce kamar sallar Asubahi.[8]sai dai cewa ita sallar juma'a tana da al-ƙunuti guda biyu[Tsokaci 1] ƙunuti na farko a raka'a ta ɗaya kafin ruku'i, al-ƙunuti na biyu a raka'a ta biyu bayan ruku'i.[9] ita sallar juma'a ba a yinta a ɗaiɗaiku sai dai cikin tsarin jam'i.[10] sallar juma'a tana da huɗuba guda biyu waɗanda limami yake yi kafin sallah.[11]

Malaman fiƙihu na Shi'a sun yi ittifaƙi cewa sallar Juma'a wajibi ce ga kowa da kowa amma a lokacin Hallarar Imami tare da mu, idan ya zamo shi imam shi ne wanda ya jagoranci sallar ko kuma wanda Imam ya naɗa. yayin da malamai suka yi saɓani a lokacin Gaibar imam.[12] sai dai cewa mafi yawan malamai na wannan zamani sun tafi kan cewa wajibi ce Takyiri abin nufi mutum yana da zaɓi ko ya yi sallar juma'a ko kuma ya yi Azahar, daga cikin waɗanda suka tafi kan hakan akwai Imam Khomaini.[13] da kuma Sayyid khu'i.[14] Araki,[15] Mirza Tabrizi,[16] Sayyid Sistani[17]da Makarim shirazi.[18]

Gudummawar Wannan Aya Fagen Fiƙuhu

Malaman fiƙihu sin dogara da wannan aya cikin tabbatar da abubuwa guda uku: na ɗaya wajabcin sallar juma'a na biyu wajabcin yin huɗuba guda biyu bayan kiran sallah kafin sallar,sai na uku haramcin kasuwanci a lokacin sallah da kuma lokacin yi huɗuba.[19] misali Allama Alhilli ya ce: Allah ya wajabta hanzartawa zuwa ga sallah bayan kiran sallah, sannan ya zama wajibi ayi huɗuba guda biyu bayan kiran sallah.[20]

Sunnantuwar Karanta Auar Sallar Juma'a A Ranar Juma'a

Akwai hadisin da aka rawaito a littafin Man la yahdirhul Al-faƙihu yana magana akan mai shelatawa ya kasance yana shelanta haramcin kasuwanci a Madina a lokacin kiran sallah juma'a a ranar juma'a, yana mai karanta wannan aya.[21]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Al-Tabarsi, Majma al-Bayan, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 431 da na 432.
  2. ↑ Al-Maedah: 58.
  3. ↑ Makarem Al-Shirazi, Al-amsal, juzu'i na 18, shafi na 329 da na 330.
  4. ↑ Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, juzu'i na 19, shafi na 273.
  5. ↑ Kashif al-Ghita, Hodal al-Muttaqeen ila Sharia Sayyed al-Mursalin, shafi na 37.
  6. ↑ Al-Sistani, Minhaj al-Salehin, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 166.
  7. ↑ Al-Sistani, Minhaj al-Salehin, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 166.
  8. ↑ Al-Hilli, Ma'alim al-Din fi Fiqh al-Yasin, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 137.
  9. ↑ Al-Bahrani, al-Hadaiq al-Nadrah, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 372 da 373.
  10. ↑ Mughniyya, Fiqh al-Imam al-Sadiq (amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare shi), juzu'i na 1, shafi na 278.
  11. ↑ Mughniyya, Fiqh al-Imam al-Sadiq (amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare shi), juzu'i na 1, shafi na 277.
  12. ↑ Al-Jordi, Tabyan al-Salat, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 29.
  13. ↑ Al-Khamini, Tahrir al-wasilah, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 231.
  14. ↑ Al-Khoei, Minhaj al-Salehin, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 185.
  15. ↑ Al-Araki, Al-Masal Al-waziha, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 133.
  16. ↑ Al-Tabrizi, Al-Masal Al-Muntakaba, shafi na 79
  17. ↑ Al-Sistani, Minhaj al-Salehin, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 307.
  18. ↑ Makarem Al-Shirazi, Al-Fatawi al-jedida, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 93.
  19. ↑ Al-Hilli, al-Mu'utabar, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 274; Al-Bahrani, al-Hadaiq al-Nadrah, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 172; Al-Tusi, Al-Khilaf, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 598.
  20. ↑ Al-Hilli, Mukhtalaf Al-Shi'a, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 213.
  21. ↑ Al-Hilli, Mukhtalaf Al-Shi'a, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 213.

Tsokaci

  1. ↑ wannan shi ne abin da ya shahara, amma akwai wasu maganganun daban daga cikinsu: mustahabbi ne yin alkunut guda daya cikin raka'a ta biyu kafin ruku'u, bahrani Al-hada'ik Annadraha, j 8 shafi na 372-373

Nassoshi

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  • Al-Tabatabai, Muhammad Hussein, Al-Mizan fi Tafsir Qur'ani, Qom - Iran, Islamic Publications, bugu na 5, 1417H.
  • Qur'ani.
  • Al-Araki, Muhammad Ali, Al=masa'lul A-waziha, Qom - Iran, wallafe-wallafen ofishin yada labaran Musulunci na makarantar hauza ta Kum, bugu na 1, 1414H.
  • Al-Bahrani, Yusuf bin Ahmad, 'Hadaiq Nadra, Muhammad Taqi al-Irani da Sayyid Abd al-Razzaq al-Muqrim, Kum- Iran, Ofishin Musulunci suka shirya. Wallafe-wallafe, bugu na daya, 1405H.
  • Al-Hilli, Al-Hasan bin Yusuf, ''Mukhtalaful Al-Shi'a,Qom-Iran, Office of Islamic Publications, bugu na 2,1413H.
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  • Al-Hilli, Muhammad bin Shuja’, 'Ma'alimul Addini fi Fikihi Ale Yasin, bugun Ibrahim Al-Bahadari, Qum - Iran, bugun farko, 1424H.
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  • Al-Saduq, Muhammad bin Ali, Man la yahdurul Al-fakihu, edita na Ali Akbar al-Ghafari, Qum - Iran, ofishin wallafe-wallafen Musulunci, bugu na biyu, 1413 AH.
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  • Al-Tabrizi, Jawad, Al-masa'ilul Al-Muntakab', Qom - Iran, Darul-Siddiqa Al-Shahidah, amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare ta, bugu na 5, 1427H.
  • Al-Tusi, Muhammad bin Hassan, Al-khilaf, Qom - Iran, ofishin wallafe-wallafen Musulunci, bugu na daya, 1407H.
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