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Karɓaɓɓiyar Addu'a

Daga wikishia
Masallacin Juma'a na garin Khurram Shahre

Karɓaɓiyar addu'a (Larabci:استجابة الدعاء )Allah ya na amsa addu'ar bayinsa, kamar yadda Allah a cikin alƙur'ani ya yi wa bayin shi alƙawari idan har suka roƙe shi zai amsa musu, sai dai wani lokacin addu'a tana jinkirtawa saboda masalaha ta ubangiji.

Sharuɗɗa da yawa sun zo alƙur'ani da riwayoyi domin amsa addu'a, kamar sanin Allah da yankewa daga wanin Allah da samin dacewa tsakanin zuciya da harshe suna daga cikin sharuɗɗan karbar addu'a. kamar yadda yake cewa akwai wasu abubuwa da suke hana amsa addu'a, kamar aikata laifuka da cin haram da barin umarni da kyakkyawa da hani da mummuna.

Ba a iyakance addu'a da wani lokaci ba ko kuma waje na musamman, sai dai cewa; akwai wasu gurare da lokuta an fi amsa addu'a a cikinsu, kamar ranar Arfa da daren ƙadari da haramin Annabi da na Imamai da Ka'aba masammama a cikin Hubbaran Imam Husaini, kamar yadda ya zo a ruwaya cewa addu'ar iyaye ga `ya`yansu da addu'ar wanda aka zalinta da kuma addu'ar Mumini ba a mayar da ita.

Alƙawarin Allah

Idan aka ce addu'a karɓaɓɓiya ana nufin Allah ya karbi addu'ar bawan shi, ya kuma biya mishi buƙatarshi.[1] Haƙiƙa Allah ya yiwa bayin shi alƙawari a cikin ayoyi da yawa cewa, zai amsa musu addu'arsu.[2] kamar yadda yake daga cikin sunayan Allah akwai Almujib wato mai amsa addu'a.[3] Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i ya ce amsa addu'ar bayi a gun Allah abu ne wanda ba ya yankewa, wato Allah ya na amsa addu'ar mutum ko da yaushe matsawar yana raye,[4] Sai dai cewa wannna alƙawari ba zai wadatar da mutum ba wajan yin kamun ƙafa da sabubban ɗabi'a da ƙoƙari tuƙuru wajan cimma burin shi da hadafin shi na halas, rashin yin haka yana rikita tsari na rayuwa.[5]

Sabubba Da Sharuɗɗa

Sharuɗɗa da dama sun zo a cikin Kur'ani da hadisi waɗanda idan mutum ya kiyaye su za su zamo muƙaddima wajan karbar addu'a, daga cikin su akwai:

  • Dacewa tsakanin zuciya da harshe: Kamar yadda ya zo a cikin suratul Baƙara aya ta 186 cewa;
وَإِذَا سَأَلَكَ عِبَادِي عَنِّي فَإِنِّي قَرِيبٌ أُجِيبُ دَعْوَةَ الدَّاعِ إِذَا دَعَانِ فَلْيَسْتَجِيبُوا لِي وَلْيُؤْمِنُوا بِي لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْشُدُونَ

Idan bayina suka tambaye ka ni, to kace musu haƙiƙa ni ina kusa da su kuma ina amsa addu'ar mai adddu'a, idan har ya kirani, to ka ce musu suma su amsa mini kuma su yi imani da ni, saransu su shiriya. Ana amsa addu'ar bawa idan ya kira ubangijin shi da gaskiya, kamar yadda Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i ɗaya daga cikin malaman shi'a ya fassara addu'a ta gaskiya da cewa ya zamo akwai dacewa tsakanin harshe da zuciya, kada ya zamo addu'a ta taƙaita da harshe ne kawai.[6] An rawaito daga shugaban Muminai Imam Ali (A.S) cewa, shi Allah ba ya karbar addu'ar mai wasa, wato wanda ba da gaske yake ba, kuma bai san mai yake faɗa ba.[7]

  • Yankewa daga wanin Allah: Yana nufin yankewa daga sababi na zahiri da komawa zuwa ga Allah, saboda Allah shi ne kaɗai wanda ya ce zai amsa addu'ar bawan shi a cikin suratul Baƙara aya ta 186.[8]
  • Addu'a tare da sanin Allah: Ya zo a cikin ruwaya cewa wasu mutane sun tambayi Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) cewa mai ya sa ba a karbar addu'armu sai Imam ya ce kuna rokon wanda baku sani ba ne.[9]
  • Addu'a da ƙasƙantar da kai da tsoran Allah: aya ta 55 a cikin suratul A'araf tana umarni da yin addu'a cikin kasƙantar da kai da tsoran Allah, ادْعُوا رَ‌بَّكُمْ تَضَرُّ‌عًا وَخُفْيةً ku roƙi ubangijinku kuna masu ƙasƙantar da kai da tsoran Allah. Ya zo a cikin riwaya daga ImamSadiƙ cewa ana karbar addu'ar mutum lokacin da fatar shi ta canza kuma idan shi ya yi hawaye kuma zuciyar shi taji tsoran Allah.[10]
  • Addu'a tare da imani da aiki na gari: Allah ya yi alƙawari a cikin alƙu'ani cewa zai amsa addu'ar waɗanda suka yi imani kuma suka yi aiki nagari.[11] kamar yadda ya zo a ruwaya cewa aiki na gari da bada sadaka suna daga cikin sharaɗin karɓar addu'a.[12]
  • Yin Addu'a tare da mutane: Ya zo a cikin wata riwaya da aka rawaito daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) idan mutum arba'in suka haɗu suka yi addu'a akan wani abu, to Allah zai karbi addu'arsu.[13] Kamar yadda akace Imam Baƙir (A.S) idan wata matsala ta faru da shi ya kasance yana tara iyalan shi sai ya yi addu'a sai su kuma suce amin.[14] akwai wasu sharuɗɗan na amsa addu'a da suka zo a cikin riwayoyi kamar yin istigfari a lokacin addu'a.[15] da yin tawassuli da iyalan gidan Manzon Allah (S.A.W).[16]

Waɗanda Allah Baya Mayar Da Addu'arsu Baya

Ya zo a cikin riwaya cewa akwai waɗanda Allah ba ya mayar da addu'ar su, kamar mahaifiya da mahaifi idan suka yi wa ɗansu addu'a to Allah ya na karbar addu'ar su, da wanda aka zalinta idan ya yi addu'a kan wanda ya zalince shi da mutuman da yaje Umara da mai azumi, da shugaba mai adalci idan ya yiwa mabiyan shi addu'a da Mumini idan ya yiwa ɗan uwan shi mumini adddu'a.[17] An rawaito daga Imam Hassan (A.S), ya ce ina tabbatarwa duk wani mutum da ba komai a cikin zuciyar shi sai yardar Allah, idan har ya roƙi Allah, to za a amsa mi shi addu'arshi.[18]

Abubuwan Da Suke Hana Karɓar Addu'a

Akwai wasu abubuwa da suke hana karbar addu'a da suka zo a cikin ayoyi da hadisi,daga cikin su akwai,

  • Aikata zunubi: Ya zo a cikin ruwaya daga Imam Baƙir (A.S) cewa aikata zunubi yana hana karɓar addu'ar mutum da ƙin biya mi shi buƙata,[19] daga cikin zuban da suke hana karɓar addu'a akwai mummunar niyya da rashin tsarkin zuciya da munafintan `yan uwa da jinkirta sallah har sai lokacin ta ya wuce da barin kusantar Allah ta hanyar yin biyayya da yin sadaka da kuma yin maganganu waɗanda ba su dace ba da alfasha ya yin magana.[20] Kazalika da yin zalinci.[21] da bijirewa iyaye,[22] da kuma dagewa kan annamimanci.[23] Ya zo a cikin Du'a'u Kumaili cewa daga cikin abubuwan da suke hana amsa addu'a akwai zunubai da suke tsare addu'a.[24]
  • Cin haram: Riwayoyi suna nuni da cewa cin haram da yin kasuwanci da abin da yake haram suna jawo rashin karɓar addu'a da jinkiri har tsawan kwanaki arba'in.[25]
  • Addua cikin lokutan wahala: Wasu riwayoyi suna nuni da cewa duk wanda yake su ana karɓar addu'arsu a lokacin wahala, to ka da su sake su manta da Allah a lokacin jin daɗi.[26]
  • Akwai wasu abubuwan da suke hana karɓar addu'a, kamar yin shakka kan halifanci Ahlul-Baiti (A.S).[27] da barin umarni da kyakkyawa da hani da mummuna wato abin da bai dace ba,[28] da wasa da sallah.[29]

Rawar Da Lokaci Da Wuri Suke Takawa Kan Amsa Addu'a

Addu'a ba ta takaita da lokaci ba ko wani guri na masamman, sai da cewa ya zo a riwayoyi ƙarfafa yin addu'a a wasu lokuta da wasu gurare, daga cikin su akwai daran Lailatul ƙadri da daran nisfu Sha'aban da daran ashirin da bakwai na watan Rajab da kuma ranar ƙaramar sallah da babar sallah da ranar Arfa da ranar farko ta watan Muharram da lokacin yin Sahur da lokacin kiran sallah da kuma daran Juma'a, da lokacin da ake yin ruwa da kuma bayan sallar farilla, da ya yin da mutum ya yi ido biyu da Ka'aba, da kuma watanni na masamman kamar Rajab da Sha'aban da watan Ramadan.[30]

Kamar yadda wasu riwayoyi suke nuni cewa amsa addu'a a wasu gurare ya fi sauri akan wasu, kamar a Makka da masallacin Annabi (S.A.W), da cikin Ka'aba da yin addu'a a gurin Hajarul Aswad da Rukunul Yamani da gurin hajaru Isma'il da filin Arfa da kabarin Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W).da kuma guraran da akan binne Imamai tsira da aminci sutabbata a gare su, masamman a cikin Haramin ImamHusain.[31] da masallacin Sahala da masallacin Kufa.[32]

Hikimomin Jinkirin Amsa Addu'a

A cewar Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i amsa addu'a tare da kiyaye sharuɗɗa da rashin shinge yana daga cikin yankakkun sunnonin Allah.[33] Sai dai cewa tare da haka wasu lokutan sakamakon maslahohi da hikimomi ana jinkirta amsa addu'a,[34] ba'arin waɗannan hikimomi su ne:

  • Rashin maslahar bayi: wani lokaci mutum zai yi addu'a da roƙon wani abu daga Alla sai dai kuma bashi wannan abu da ya roƙa ba ya dacewa da maslaharsa, da wannan dalili ne Allah yake jinkirta amsa masa addu'a yaƙi amsa masa, cikin Kur'ani an yi Magana da musulmai cewa wani lokacin kuna son wani abu da yake cutarwa ne gareku, ko kuma kuna ƙin wani abu da yake amfani ne gareku, daidai lokacin da Allah shi ne mafi sanin maslaharku daga kawukanku,[35] Imam Ali (A.S) shi ma cikin maganrasa zuwa ga ɗansa Imam Hassan (A.S) yana cewa: me yafi yawa daga abubuwan da kuke so kuke nema sai dai kuma cewa halakarku tana cikin waɗannan abubuwa.[36]

Cikin wasiƙar Imam Ali zuwa ga Imam Hassan (A.S) wacce ta zo a Nahjul Balaga, an ambaci hikimomi cikin jinkirin amsa addu'a: wani lokacin matsalar tana cikin niyya da manufar mutum, wani lokaci Allah yana nufin bashi wani babban lada, a wasu wuraren Allah ya canjawa bawa da wani abu da yafi abin da bawansa ya roƙeshi a wani lokaci daban.[37] an naƙalto daga Imam Sajjad (A.S) cewa: ita addu'ar Mumini tana da tare da ɗaya daga cikin fa'idoji guda uku: ko dai ta zama ajiyar alheri ga wannan bawa, ko kuma a amsa masa ita, ko kuma ta kawar da wani bala'i da zai same shi.[38]

Mutumin Da Ake Amsa Addu'arsa

Babban labari: Mutumin Da Ake Amsa Addu'arsa

Mutumin Da Ake Amsa Addu'arsa ko kuma ma'abocin karɓaɓɓiyar addu'a,[39] ya zo a riwaya cewa Ubangiji baya watsi da addu'ar iyaye ga ɗansu, addu'ar wanda aka zalunta kan wanda ya zalunce shi, addu'ar wanda yaje Umra, addu'ar mai azumi, addu'ar Adalin shugaba cikin haƙƙin mutanensa da kuma addu'ar Mumini cikin haƙƙin Muminai.[40]

Haka nan kuma ya zo cikin riwaya daga Imam Hassan (A.S) cewa idan mutum ya kiyaye zuciya zuwa haddin ba yama tunanin halarto da abubuwan da Allah baya so cikinta, lallai ni na lamince masa cewa za amsa addu'arsa.[41]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Ibn Manzoor, Lasan al-Arab, 1414 AH, karkashin kalmar Ayuba.
  2. ↑ Suratul Baƙarah, aya ta 186; Suratul Ghafar, aya ta 60; Suratul Shuri, aya ta:26
  3. ↑ Ibn Manzoor, Lasan al-Arab, 1414 AH, karkashin kalmar Ayuba.
  4. ↑ Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, 1390 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 31.
  5. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir Namuneh, 1371, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 647.
  6. ↑ Suratul Baƙarah, aya ta:186.
  7. ↑ Tabatabaei, Al-Mizan, 1390 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 33.
  8. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 473.
  9. ↑ Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, 1390 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 33; Fakhr Razi, al-Tafsir al-Kabir, 1420 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 262.
  10. ↑ Majlesi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 90, shafi na 368.
  11. ↑ Hurru Ameli, Wasa'il Al-Shia, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 73.
  12. ↑ Hurru Ameli, Wasa'il Al-Shia, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 4, shafi 165; Ibn Shuba Harrani, Tohf al-Aƙool, 1404H, shafi na 111.
  13. ↑ Suratul Shuri, aya ta:26.
  14. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 487.
  15. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 472.
  16. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 472.
  17. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 472.
  18. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 486.
  19. ↑ Majlesi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 91, shafi na 21.
  20. ↑ Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 93, shafi na 367.
  21. ↑ Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 93, shafi na 367.
  22. ↑ Mufatih al-Jinan, Dua Kamil,
  23. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 477-478, 522-525; Juzu'i na 3, shafi na 414, 416; Juzu'i na 4, shafi na 67, 155; Sadouƙ, Al-Amali, 1376, shafi na 671, 354, 701; Tirmizi, Sunan, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 223.
  24. ↑ Ibn Fahd Hali, Uddatul al-Da’i wa Najah al-Sa’i, 1407H, shafi na 57.
  25. ↑ Ash’ari ƙommi, Al-Nawader, 1408H, shafi na 140; Kilini, Al-Kafi, 1407 AH, Juzu'i na 4, shafi na 409, 411, 532-532, 551; ƙazi Noman, Da'aim al-Islam, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 293; Sadouƙ, Al-Amali, 1376, shafi na 684; Tusi, Tahdhib al-Ahkam, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 35, 108; Motaghi Handi, Kanz al-Amal, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 12, shafi na 222-194.
  26. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407 Hijira, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 271.
  27. ↑ Sadouƙ, Ma'ani al-Akhbar, 1403H, shafi na 271.
  28. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 334
  29. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 448; Helɓani, Nozha al-Nazir, 1408H, shafi na 37.
  30. ↑ Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 93, shafi na 368.
  31. ↑ Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 75, shafi na 268.
  32. ↑ Tusi, Misbah al-Mutahajjid, 1411H, shafi na 844.
  33. ↑ Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, 1390 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 32.
  34. ↑ ƙaraati, Tafsir Noor, 2008, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 289.
  35. ↑ Surah Baƙarah, aya ta 216.
  36. ↑ Nahj al-Balagha, Tas'hihu Sobhi Saleh, 1414 AH, shafi na 399.
  37. ↑ Nahj al-Balagha, Tas'hihu Sobhi Saleh, 1414 AH, shafi na 399.
  38. ↑ Ibn Shuba Harrani, Tohf al-Aƙool, 1404H, shafi na 280.
  39. ↑ Dehkhoda, Luggat Nameh, 1377, karkashin kalmar Mustajab.
  40. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 510; Majlisi, Bihar Al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 90, shafi na 356; Juzu'i na 93, shafi na 256.
  41. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 62.

Nassoshi

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