Jump to content

Ramadan

Daga wikishia
Watan Ramadan
Wata na tara cikin kalandar hijira ƙamari
Bayanai na gaba ɗaya
Wasu sunaye dabanRamadan Al-Mubarak, Ramadan Al-Mu'azzam
Watan da ya gabataSha'aban
Watan da ya biyo bayaShawwal
Ayyuka da al'aduNafilolin watan Ramadan, Itikafi, Raya dararen lailatul ƙadri
Cikin al'adu na addini
Addu'o'iAddu'ar shiga wata Ramadan, gajerun addu'o'i na yau da kullun, Du'a'u Iftitahi, Du'a'u Sahar, Du'a'u Abu Hamza Sumali, Du'a'u Mujir, Du'a'u Al-jaushanul Kabir
Hukunce-hukuncen shari'aAzumin wajibi, duba jinjirin wata, Kaffaratul jam'i, Kaffarar azumi
Watanni masu alfarmaBaya ciki
Abubuwa da suka faru da munasabobiSaukar Kur'ani, Yaƙin Badar, Fatahu Makka, Wilayat Ahad Imam Rida (A.S), Daren da aka sari Imam Ali (A.S), Mi'irajin Annabi, Ranar Ƙudus
Al'adun gargajiyaRaba abincin buɗa baki, Sahur, Girki da kuma kayan zaki na musamman na wannan watan, Sanar da lokacin Sahur


Ramadan, (Larabci: رمضان) ma'ana wata na tara cikin jerin watannin hijira ƙamari, wata ne wanda cikinsa aka wajabta yin azumi kan Musulmi, cikin riwayoyin Musulunci an yi bayanin falaloli masu yawan game da wannan wata, kuma wata ne na liyafar Allah, wata ne na rahama da gafara da albarka, haka kuma ana kiransa da bazaran Kur'ani. Bisa abin da ya zo a cikin wasu hadisai, a cikin wannan wata ana buɗe ƙofofin aljanna kuma ana rufe ƙofofin jahannama. Cikin wannan wata lailatul Ƙadri da saukar Kur'ani suka kasance. Haka kuma wasu daga litattafan sama kamar Attaura da Injila suma an saukar da su a cikin wannan wata. Ramadan shi kaɗai ne watan da sunansa ya zo cikin Kurani. Watan Ramadan wata ne da yake da matsayi na musamman da girma da daraja a wurin Musulmi, A wannan wata al'ummar Musulmi suna himmatuwa sosai da ibada. A cikin litattafan addu'a an naƙalto ayyuka da ibada daban-daban. Daga cikin mafi muhimmancin ayyukan wannan wata akwai karatun Kur'ani, raya lailatul ƙadri, addu'a, sallah, istigfari, raba buɗa baki da kuma taimakon mabuƙata.

Daga muhimman abubuwan da suka faru a wannan wata akwai misalin saukar da Kur'ani a lailatul ƙadri da yaƙin Badar, wanda shi ne yaƙi na farko da ya fara faruwa tsakanin Musulmi da mushrikan ƙuraishawa ƙarƙashin kwamandancin Annabi (S.A.W), bugu da ƙari a dai cikin wannan wata ne Imam Ali (A.S) ya yi shahada, wanda ya kasance Imami na farko a wurin ƴanshi'a an shahadantar shi a rana ta 21 Ramadan. Imam Hassan Mujtaba (A.S) shima an haife shi 15 ga wannan wata.

Ibada da ɗaukar azumi wani ɓangare ne daga siffofi da alamomi na Musulmi, a cikin alumomin Musulmi, akwai wasu ladubba da ala'du daban-daban da ake yi a cikin wannan wata kamar shirya walima da taron jama'a, tsaftace masallatai da wuraren addini, da tarukan sulhu, da shirya nau'uka daban-daban na abincin buɗa baki.

Matsayi

Watan Ramadan, shi ne wata na tara cikin jerin watannin hijira ƙamariyya.[1] An wajabta azumi kan Musulmi a wannan wata.[2]

Kurani mai girma[3] da baarin litattafan sama kamar suhufu Ibrahim, Injila, Attaura da Zabura an saukar da su ga Annabawa a cikin wannan wata.[4]

Sau ɗaya aka ambaci kalmar Ramadan a cikin Kurani[5] Kuma shi kaɗai ne watan da sunansa ya zo a cikin Kurani:[6]

"Watan Ramadan shi ne watan da aka saukar da Kur'ani a cikinsa, a matsayin shiriya ga mutane, tare da bayyanannun hujjojin shiriya da kuma ma'aunin rarrabe gaskiya da ƙarya. Don haka duk wanda ya halarci wannan wata daga cikinku, to ya wajaba ya yi azumi a cikinsa. Amma wanda yake da rashin lafiya ko yana tafiya, to [ya rama] da adadin wasu kwanaki daban."

Aya Ta 185 Suratul Baƙara

Haka kuma lailatul ƙadri da saukar da Kurani[7] Bisa abin da ya zo a riwayoyi[8] da tafsirai[9] sun faru ne a cikin watan Ramadan[10] Bisa mafi shaharar naƙali, Badar, yaƙi na farko a Muslunci da ya faru tsakanin Musulmai da maƙiyansu ƙarƙashin jagorancin Manzon Allah (S.A.W) da asubar ranar Jumaa 17 ga Ramadan[11] a wani naƙalin kuma an ce ya faru a ranar Litinin 17 ko 19 ga watan Ramadan[12]

Kalmar "Ramadan" a harshen Larabci tana nufin zafin rana.[13] an naƙalto cewa da wannan dalili ne ake kiran wannan wata da suna Ramadan saboda yana ƙone zunubai.[14] Haka kuma cikin madogaran riwayoyi, an bayyana cewa Ramadan ɗaya ne daga cikin sunayen Allah.[15]

Siffofi

Manzon Allah (S.A.W) cikin huɗubar watan Sha'aban ya yi bayanin wasu falaloli da watan Ramadan yake da su, daga cikinsu akwai:

  • Cikin wannan wata an gayyaci mutane liyafar Allah.
  • A wannan wata ne aka sanya lailatul ƙadri daren da ya fi watanni dubu alheri.
  • Raya ko wane dare daga dararen wannan wata da sallah daidai yake da sallah guda sabain a cikin sauran watanni
  • Wata ne na haƙuri, kuma aljanna ce ladan haƙuri.
  • Wata ne na taimako da tausayawa mabuƙata.
  • Wata ne da arziƙin muminai yake ƙaruwa.

Annabi (S.A.W) ya ce: watan Ramadan wata ne da ace za a san darajar da yake tare da ita, da mutum ya yi buri da fatan ace baki ɗayan shekara ta kasance Ramadan.[16] Bisa wata riwaya daga Annabi (S.A.W) yana cewa watan Ramadan, wata ne da ake ƙulle ƙofofin Jahannama kuma ana buɗe ƙofofin aljanna, kuma wata ne da ake ɗaure shaiɗanu da sasari da sarƙa.[17]

  • A zamanin Annabi (S.A.W) an kasance ana kiran da watan Ramadan da sunan Marzuƙ (Azurtacce)[18][Tsokaci 1]

Haka kuma ya zo cikin riwayoyin maasumai cewa watan Ramadan wata ne da aka siffanta shi da watan Allah,[19] watan rahama da afuwar Allah,[20] watan albarka da ninka ladan ayyuka da goge zunubai[21] wata ne da idan har ba a yi wa mutum gafara a cikinsa ba to babu fatan samun gafara gare shi cikinsa sauran watanni.[22]

Ayyuka

Ramadan 1447 Watan Ramadan yana da hukunce-hukunce da ayyuka na musamman; wasu daga cikinsu na gama-gari ne ga dukkan kwanakin watan, wasu kuma an keɓe su ne ga wasu kwanaki na musamman.

Wajabcin Azumi

A cikin watan Ramadan an wajabta yin azumi kan Musulmi[23] Azumi na nufin kaucewa yin wasu ayyuka daga jumla ci da sha tun daga farkon kiran sallar asubahi har zuwa kiran sallar magariba.[24] Umarni kan ɗaukar azumi da kuma bayanin hukunce-hukuncensa ya zo a cikin Kurani[25] da litatttafan fiƙihu. Bisa fatawar malaman fiƙihu idan mutum ya zamanto an masa afuwa daga ɗaukar azumi to bai kamata ya fito cikin mutane yana cin abinci ba.[26]

Karanta Addu'a

Karatun adduoin Sahur, daga jumla Duau Baha da Duau Abi Hamza Simali.[27] Kazalika Duaul Iftitahi cikin dararen wannan wata[28] da Duau Ya Ali Ya Azim, Allahumma Adkhil Ala Ahlil ƙuburis surura da “Allahumma arzuƙni Hajja baitikal harami” bayan sallolin farilla[29] sun kasance daga cikin gama-garin ayyuka a wannan wata.

Karatun Kur'ani

Cikin baarin riwayoyi, an bayyana watan Ramadan da bazaran Kurani[30] Hakazalika ladan karanta aya ɗaya a cikin watan Ramadan daidai yake da ladan kammala karatun Kurani a cikin sauran watanni.[31] A Wasu ƙasashen Musulunci, Musulmi tun daga farkon wannnan wata har zuwa ƙarshensa a ko wace rana suna karanta juzui guda na Kurani wanda zuwa ƙarshen watan suna kammala karanta baki ɗayan Kurani, wannan khatama da kammala karatun Kurani mafi yawan lokutan tana kasancewa ne a masallatai da sauran wuraren addini cikin tsarin adadin wasu jamaa. Haka kuma a ƙasar Iran ana watsa shirin karatun juzui tashoshin tabajizin da radiyo..[32]

Raya Lailatul Ƙadri

Ɗora Kur'ani a ka a Bainal Haramaini, Karbala

Bisa abin da ya zo a riwayoyi, lailatul ƙadri ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin dararen 19, 21, ko kuma 23 a watan Ramadan.[33] Cikin wasu riwayoyi, an ayyana daren 23 Ramadan matsayin lailatul ƙadri.[34] Shaik Saduƙ ya ce malamanmu sun yi ittifaƙi da cewa daren 23 Ramadan shi ne lailatul ƙadri.[35] A cewar Allama Ɗabaɗabai, maganar da ta shahara tsakankanin Ahlus-Sunna daren 27 Ramadan shi ne lailatul ƙadri.[36] Shia a ko wace dararen 19, 21 da 23 a wuraren addini ko gidajensu, suna raya waɗannan darare da ibada har zuwa lokacin sahur.[37] Daga cikin mafi alherin ayyuka da ake buƙatar yi cikin lailatul akwai misalin karanta adduar Al-Jaushanil Al-Kabir da ɗora Kurani aka.[38]

Sallolin Mustahabbi

Sallolin Mustahabbi suna daga cikin ayyukan watan Ramadan; Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nafiloli gama-gari ne da ake yin su cikin baki ɗayan dararen Ramadan, wasu kuma ana yinsu a wasu keɓantattun darare da ko wasu keɓantattun ranaku.[39]

Daga cikin ayyuka da suka shahara akwai umarni da yin sallah rakaa dubu da ake yi a cikin dararen Ramadan[40] An bayyana tsarinta kamar haka: daga dare na farkon Ramadan zuwa dare na 20, a ko wane dare za a yi rakaa 20. Daga dare na 20 har zuwa ƙarshen Ramadan, cikin ko wane za a yi rakaa 30, sannan cikin dararen da ake sa ran dacewa da lailatul ƙadri banda waɗannan rakaoi da aka ambata ana ƙara rakaa 100[41] Ahlus-Sunna a cikin ko wane dare suna yin sallar mustahabbi raka'a 20 wace suke kira da suna salatul tarawihi.[42] Ahlus-Sunna bisa biyayya da bin sawun halifa na biyu suna yin wannan sallah cikin tsarin jami, wanda yin haka bidia ne a wurin Shia.[43]

I'itikafi A Goman Ƙarshe

Itikafi a goman ƙarshen yana daga ayyuka na mustahabbi da suke tattare da tarin falaloli.[44] Goman ƙarshe, shi ne mafi kyawun lokaci na yin iitikafi wanda ladan yin iitikafi a cikinsa ana ɗauƙarsa daidai da ladan hajji guda biyu da umara guda biyu.[45] Annabi Akram (S.A.W) a farko ya fara zaɓar goman farkon watan Ramadan, sai kuma goma ta biyu, sai kuma goma ta uku domin yin iitikafi, bayan nan sa ya ci gaba da yin iitikafi a goman ƙarshe har zuwa ƙarshen rayuwarsa.[46]

Ladubba Da Aladu

Cikin alummun Musulunci akwai ladubba da alada da suka yaɗu a watan Ramadan.

Teburin Iftɗar

A ƙasashe daban-daban Musulmi kan shirya taron buɗa baki a wurare addini.[47] Haka kuma a ƙasar Iran mutane suna gayyatar juna zuwa gidajensu domin buɗa baki, haka nan a wuaren addini a lokacin buɗa baki ana raba abincin bakance..[48] Bisa wata riwaya daga Annabi (S.A.W) ladan duk wanda ya yi sadakar abincin buɗa baki ga mumini ko da gwargwadon ɗigon ruwa ko ɗanyen dabino yana daidai da ƴanta bawa.[49] A wasu yankuna, kai tsaye bayan kiran sallah ana tsayawa a yi buɗa baki, a wasu yankuna kuma sai bayan idar da sallar magariba da Isha.[akwai buƙatar kawo madogara]

Taron Khatamar Kur'ani a watan Ramadan, cikin haramin Sayyida Faɗima Ma'asuma (A.S)

Tashin Mutane Domin Sahur

A wasu birane ana sanar da lokacin sahur da tashin mutane daga bacci ta hanyoyi daban-daban kamar zagayawar mai sanarwa da masu shela loko-loko da saƙo-saƙo unguwanni da tituna domin sanar da lokacin sahur. Haka kuma ana Kunna fitilu a hasumiyoyin masallatai, kaɗa ganga da busa ƙahom buga ƙofofin gidaje da harba bindiga duka domin sanar da mutane lokacin sahur.[50] Haka kuma a gidajen radiyo da talabijin da bututun lasifiƙar masallatai a ƙasar Iran kafin kiran sallar asubahi ana karanta adduoin sahur, haka kuma gabanin magariba ana karanta munajati rabbana.

Zulbiya da Bamya suna daga cikin kayan zaki na musamman na watan Ramadan a ƙasar Iran.
Taron Muballigai

Aika Muballigai

Malaman Shia, a watan Ramadan suna zuwa birane da ƙauyuka domin wayar da kanmu mutane da koyar da su hukunce-hukuncen sharia da shirya laccoci da kuma limanci sallar jami.[51] Haka kuma cibiyoyin tabligi suna aika muballigai yankuna daban-daban na cikin ƙasar Iran da wasu ƙasashe domin tabligi.[52]

Karatun Addu'o'i Na Yau Da Kullum Cikin Taron Jama'a

Ƴanshia bayan idar da sallolin jami na yau da kullun, suna karanta adduar "Ya Aliyu Ya Azim” cikin taron jamaa, haka kuma mafi yawan lokuta ɗaya daga cikin masallata yana ɗaga sauti ya karanta adduar"Allahumma Adkhil ala ahlil ƙuburis surara” da adduar da ake karantawa a ko wace rana a watan Ramadan, sauran masu saurarensa kuma a ko wace gaɓa suna faɗin amin-amin. [akwai buƙatar kawo madogara]

Muzaharar Ranar Ƙudus

Imam Khomaini domin nuna goyan baya ga mutanen Falasɗinu a shekarar 1978m, ya sanya wa ranar Jumaa ta ƙarshen Ramadan cikin ko wace shekara da suna rana ranar ƙudus.[53] Musulmi a ƙasashe daban-daban na duniya a wannan rana cikin ko wace shekara suna shirya zanga-zanga nuna goyan baya ga mutane Falasɗinu da kuma ƴanto masallacin Al-Aƙsa.[54]

Sauran Ladubba Da Aladu

  • Kawar da ƙura da tsaftace gida, karkaɗe ƙura da share masallatai, wuraren ibada, unguwanni da kasuwanni a cikin kwanaki da suka rage kafin shiga watan Ramadan
  • A Iran suna da wata alada da ake kira da suna Kuluk-andazan wace ake yi a ƙarshen watan Shaaban, mutane suna taruwa a manyan gidaje ko lambuna da wuraren shaƙatawa domin murna da walwala.
  • Sulhunta mutane; mutanen da suka yi faɗa da juna suka yanke alaƙa, suna sulhun da juna.
  • Azumin tarbar Ramadan: Ana yin azumi rana ɗaya zuwa uku kafin Ramadan a matsayin azumin tarbar Ramadan.[55]
  • Aladar rigar muradi da zoɓen muradi
  • Dafa gurasar ranar ashirin da bakwai
  • Aladar bikin masoyi masoyi, Ali masoyi.[56]

Ayyana Farko Da Ƙarshen Ramadan

Ana tabbatar da farko da ƙarshen Ramadan ƙarƙashin ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan hanyoyi kamar haka:

Tawagar duban wata a yayin da suke ƙoƙarin duba jinjirin watan Ramadan
  1. .Ganin jaririn wata: tabbatar da ganin jaririn wata a farko da ƙarshe
  2. .Samun yaƙini daga maganar wasu adadin mutane.
  3. .Shaidar maza adalai guda biyu da maganarsu ba ta ci karo da juna ba.
  4. .Cika kwanaki talatin da shigar wata.
  5. .Hukuncin shugaban shari'a.[57]

Wasu hadisai, sun bayyana cewa watan Ramadan kwanaki talatin ne.[58] Wasu jamaa daga malaman Shia sun yi imani da wannan magana;[59] Akasin haka, bisa abin da ya zo cikin wasu riwayoyi, haƙiƙa watan Ramadan kamar dai sauran watanni yana yawo ne tsakanin kwanaki 29 ko 30.[60] Kuma mafi yawan malaman fiƙihu sun tafi kan wannan raayi.[61]

Watan Ramadan yana zuwa ƙarshe bayan shigar watan Shawwal da kuma sanar da ranar idin ƙaramar salla, daga cikin ayyuka idul fiɗri akwai ba da zakkar fidda kai da sallar idi.[62]

Abubuwan Da Suka Faru Da Kuma Muhimman Ranaku

Bayanin kula

  1. Qureshi, Qamus Qur'an, juz 3, shafi 123.
  2. Bustani, Farhang-e Abjadi, shafi 443.
  3. Surat al-Baqarah, ayat 185.
  4. Kulaini, Al-Kafi, juz 2, shafi 629.
  5. Al-Baqarah, ayat 185.
  6. Qara'ati, Tafsir-e Nur, juz 1, shafi 285.
  7. Surat al-Qadr, ayat 1.
  8. Misali, ku dub: Kulaini, Al-Kafi, juz 4, shafi 66, 157 da 158.
  9. ku duba: Tabarsi, Majma' al-Bayan, juz 10, shafi 786.
  10. Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, juz 20, shafi 334.
  11. Ibn Sa'd, Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, juz 2, shafi14-15; Ya'qubi, Tarikh Ya'qubi, Dar Sadir, juz 2, shafi 45.
  12. Ibn Sa'd, Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, juz 2, shafi 14-15.
  13. Raghib, Mufradat Alfaz al-Qur'an, shafi 366.
  14. Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, juz 55, shafi 341.
  15. Mazandarani, Sharh al-Kafi, juz 6, shafi 110.
  16. Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, juz 93, shafi 346.
  17. Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, juz 93, shafi 348.
  18. Shaik Saduq, Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih, juz 2, shafi 160.
  19. Saduq, Al-Amali, shafi 19, hadith 1.
  20. Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, juz 93, shafi 342.
  21. Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, juz 93, shafi 340.
  22. Kulaini, Al-Kafi, juz 4, shafi 66.
  23. Tabatabai Yazdi, Al-Urwatul Wusƙa (Muhashi), juz 3, shafi 521.
  24. Allama Hilli, Tadhkirat al-Fuqaha, juz 6, shafi 5.
  25. Surat al-Baqarah, ayat 183-185 da 187.
  26. Ku duba: Mousavi Golpayegani, Majma' al-Masa'il, juz 3, shafi 215.
  27. Sayyid Ibn Tawus, Al-Iqbal bil A'mal al-Hasanah, juz 1, shafi 156–185.
  28. Sayyid Ibn Tawus, Al-Iqbal bil A'mal al-Hasanah, , juz 1, shafi 138.
  29. Sayyid Ibn Tawus, Al-Iqbal bil A'mal al-Hasanah, juz 1, shafi 79 da 80.
  30. Kulaini, Al-Kafi, juz 2, shafi 630.
  31. Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, juz 93, shafi 341.
  32. «زمان پخش ترتیل جزء‌خوانی قرآن کریم در تلویزیون + جدول»، ISNA
  33. Duba: Kulaini, Al-Kafi, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 156–160
  34. Duba: Kulaini, Al-Kafi, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 158, hadisi na 8; Saduq, Al-Khisal, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 508, hadisi na 1.
  35. Saduq, Al-Khisal, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 519.
  36. Tabataba'i, Al-Mizan, juzu'i na 20, shafi na 334.
  37. Majidi Khameneh, "Shabhayae Qadri Dar Iran", shafi na 21.
  38. Majidi Khameneh, Shabhayae Qadri Dar Iran, shafi na 22.
  39. Duba: Qummi, Mafatih al-Jinan, bugu na Asowah, shafi na 183 da 238 da 239.
  40. Qummi, Mafatih al-Jinan, bugu na Asowah, shafi na 183 da 184.
  41. Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, Gidan Raya Gadon Ilimin Larabawa, juzu'i na 12, shafi na 187–190.
  42. «چرا شیعیان نماز تراویح نمی‌خوانند؟»، Shafin yanar gizo na wakilin Waliyyi Faqih a harkokin Hajji da Ziyara.
  43. Sadiki Fadaki، «تراویح»، Da’iratul-Ma’arif na Hajji da Haramai Masu Alfarma Biyu
  44. Qummi, Mafatih al-Jinan, Buga na Asowah, Shafi na 234.
  45. Qummi, Mafatih al-Jinan, Buga na Asowah, Shafi na 234.
  46. Kulaini, Al-Kafi, juzu'i4, shafi 175r, hadisi na 3.
  47. «رمضـان در کشورهای مختلف جهان»، Shafin Keyhan
  48. «افطاری»، Cibiyar Babbar Da’iratul-Ma’arif ta Musulunci..
  49. Saduq, Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (S.A.W), juzu'i na 1, shafi na 295-297, hadisi na 53.
  50. Duba: Rahimi, Ramadan.
  51. «تبلیغ، قلب دین»، Kamfanin Labarai na Fars
  52. «آغاز ثبت‌نام مبلغان در خارج از كشور».، Hukumar Labarai ta Hukuma ta Hauza
  53. Imam Khomaini, Sahifeh Imam, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 267.
  54. «جهان و روز جهانی قدس»، Kamfanin Labarai na Tasnim.
  55. »Ku duba: Rahimi «رمضان»، Kundin Ilimin Duniyar Musulunci.
  56. «مراسم سنتی دوست، دوست و پیراهن مراد در شب بیست و هفتم ماه رمضان یزد»، Kamfanin Labarai na Jamhuriyar Musulunci
  57. Imam Khomeini, Taudihin Masail (mahashi), juzu'i na 1, shafi na 959.
  58. Hurru Amili, Wasail al-Shia, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 268–274.
  59. Sayyid Ibn Tawus, Al-Iqbal, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 33–35.
  60. Hurru Amili, Wasailush Shia, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 261–268.
  61. Duba: Bahrani, Al-Hada'iq al-Nadira, juzu'i na 13, shafi na 270–271; Al-Amili, Misbah al-Huda, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 384.
  62. Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, juzu'i na 11, shafi na 332-333.
  63. Ya'qubi, Tarikh Ya'qubi, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 465.
  64. Ibn Sa'd, Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 14.
  65. Qummi, Waqai al-Ayyam, shafi na 58.
  66. Shaik Mufid, Al-Irshad, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 5; Tabari, Tarikh Tabari, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 537.
  67. Ya'qubi, Tarikh Ya'qubi, Dar al-Sadir, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 45.
  68. Tabari, Tarikh Tabari, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 343.
  69. Mufid, Al-Irshad, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 9.

Tsokaci

  1. Bisa ga rahotanni, abin da aka ƙaddara wa mutane kamar abubuwan da suka faru, masĩfu, da arziki, ana ƙayyade su a cikin wannan dare. A haƙiƙa, duk arziki da rabon su na zahiri da na ruhani ana rubuta su.

Nassoshi

  • «ماه مبارک رمضان نمادی از هویت دینی جامعه اسلامی است»،, (Wata Mai Alabraka Ramadan alama ce ta ainihin addinin al'ummar Musulunci) Kamfanin Labarai na Qur’ani na Duniya. Ranar saka labarin: 28 Mayu 2016. Ranar ziyartar labarin: 7 Afrilu 2022M.
  • Amoli, Mirza Muhammad Taƙi, Misbah al-Huda fi Sharhe Al-Urwatul Wusƙa, Tehran, Mawallafar al-Mu'allif, 1380ƙ.
  • Fatima Rahimi «رمضان», (Ramadan), Kundin Ilimin Duniya na Musulunci (juzu’i na 20), ranar dubawa:7 Afrilu 2022M.
  • Hurru Amili, Muhammad bin Hassan, Wasa'ilush Shi'a, Qom, Cibiyar Alul al-Bait (A.S.), 1409ƙ.
  • Kulaini, Muhammad ibn Yaƙub, Al-Kafi, Bincike da gyara wa Ali Akbar Ghaffari da Muhammad Akhundi, Tehran, Mawallafar Gidan Littattafan Musulunci, bugu na hudu, 1407ƙ.
  • Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir, Bihar al-Anwar al-Jami'ah li Durar Akhbar al-A'immah al-Athar (A.S.), Beirut, Mawallafar Gidan Rayar da Gadon Al’adun Larabawa, bugu na biyu, 1403ƙ.
  • Mazandarani, Sharh al-Kafi (Al-Usul wa al-Rawdah), Bincike da gyara Abul Hasan Sha'rani, Tehran, Mawallafar Laburaren Musulunci, bugu na farko, 1382ƙ.
  • Mousavi Golpayegani, Sayyid Muhammad Reza, Majma' al-Masa'il, Bincike da Gyarawa: Ali Karimi Jihromi, Ali Thabeti Hamedani, wa Ali Niri Hamedani, Mawallafar Gidan Alkur'ani Mai Girma, Qom, bugu na biyu, 1409ƙ.
  • Mufid, Muhammad ibn Muhammad, Al-Irshad fi Ma'rifat Hujaj Allah 'ala al-'Ibad, gyara Cibiyar Al al-Bait, Qom, Taron Shayih Mufid, bugu na farko, 1413ƙ.
  • Najafi, Muhammad Hassan, Jawahirul Kalam fi Sharh Shara'i'il al-Islam, Beirut, Mawallafar Gidan Rayar da Gadon Al’adun Larabawa, bugu na bakwai, babu tarihin shekara
  • Qara'ati, Mohsen, Tafsir-e Nur, Tehran, Cibiyar Al’adu / Tsarin Darussa daga Al‑ƙur’ani”, bugu na farko, 1388 Sh.
  • Qommi, Shaik Abbas, Faizul al-'Alam fi 'Amal al-Shuhur wa Waqayi' al-Ayyam, Mawallafar Sobh-e Pirouzi, babu kwanan wata.
  • Qommi, Shaikh Abbas, Mafatih al-Jinan, Qom, Mawallafar Oswe, babu kwanan wata.
  • Saduq, Muhammad ibn Ali, Al-Khisal, Bincike da gyara Ali Akbar Ghaffari, Qom, Ƙungiyar Malaman Hauza, bugu na farko, 1362Sh.
  • Sayyid Ibn Tawus, Ali ibn Musa, Al-Iqbal bil A'mal al-Hasanah Fima Yu'mal Marratan fil Sana, Bincike da Gyarawa Jawad Qayyumi Isfahani, Qom, Ofishin Yaɗa Addinin Musulunci, bugu na farko, 1376 S.
  • Tabari, Tarikh al-Umam wal Muluk, Bincike Muhammad Abu al-Fadl Ibrahim, Beirut, Gidan Gadon Al’adun Musulunci, bugu na biyu, 1387 H.
  • Tabarsi, Fadl ibn Hassan, Majma' al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an, Tehran, Nasir Khusraw, bugu na uku, 1372 S.
  • Tabatabai Yazdi, Sayyid Muhammad Kazim, Al-Urwatul Wusƙa (Muhashi), Qom,Ofishin Bugawa na Musulunci, bugu na farko, 1419 H.
  • Tabatabai, Sayyid Muhammad Husaini, Al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an, Beirut, Gidan Bugawa na al-Alami, bugu na biyu, 1390 H.
  • «چرا شیعیان نماز تراویح نمی‌خوانند؟»،, ("Me yasa 'Yan Shi'a ba sa sallar Tarawihi?") Ofishin wakilcin Waliyyul-Faqih a harkokin Hajji da Ziyara, ranar wallafa bayani: 13 Janairu 2013. Ranar duba: 7 Afrilu 2022M.
  • «فرهنگ غذایی جهان در ماه رمضان+ تصاویر»،, ("Al'adun Abinci na Duniya a Watan Ramadan + Hotuna") Shafin yanar gizo na Al-Kawthar, ranar dubawa: 7 Afrilu 202 M.
  • در کشورهای مختلف جهان»، (Ramadan a Ƙasashen Duniya Dabam-dabam) Shafin Keyhān. Ranar wallafawa: 14 Afrilu 2023. Ranar duba: 30 Afrilu 2023M.
  • «افطاری»»، (Abincin ɓuda baki) Shafin Cibiyar Babbar Dā’irat‑ul‑Ma‘ārif ta Musulunci. Ranar wallafawa: 12 Mayu 2021.Ranar duba: 30 Afrilu 2023M.
  • «تبلیغ، قلب دین، (Tabligi, isar da sakon Musulunci shi ne Zuciyar Addini»)Kamfanin Labarai na Fārs. Ranar wallafawa: 29 Yuni 2019. Ranar duba: 30 Afrilu 2023M.
  • «آغاز ثبت‌نام مبلغان در خارج از كشور»، (Fara Rijistar Muballigai na Ƙasashen Waje) Hukumar Labarai ta Hauza. Ranar saka labarin: 30 Mayu 2011. Ranar dubawa: 18 Afrilu 2023M.
  • Saduq, Muhammad ibn Ali, Al-Amali, Tehran, shagon Littafi, bugu na shida, 1376 Sh.
  • Saduq, Muhammad ibn Ali, Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (A.S.), Bincike da Gyarawa Mahdi Lajvardi, Tehran, MaallafarJahan, bugu na farko, 1378 H.
  • Majidi Khameneh, Faride، «شبهای قدر در ایران،, ( Yadda ake gudanar da Lailatul Qadr a Iran) A cikin mujallar Golestan-e Qur’an, lamba ta 37, 22 Nuwamba - 21 Disamba 2000M."
  • Raghib, Husaini bin Muhammad, Mufradat Alfaz al-Qur'an, Beirut - Dimashq, Mawallafar Gidan al-Qalam - da al-Shamiyah, bugu na farko, 1412ƙ."