Idul Fiɗri
- Wannan ƙasida ce game da idul fiɗri. Domin sanin sallar idi fiɗri, ku duba ƙasidar sallar idi
Idul fiɗri(Larabci: عيد الفطر) koi idin ƙaramar sallah, rana ta farko a watan shawwal yana daga ciki mafi muhimmancin idin musulmai. Bisa riwaya da aka naƙalto daga Imaman shi'a, idul fiɗri idi ne na waɗanda aka karɓi azuminsu da sallarsu, aka sanya wannan rana idi gare su wace cikin musulmai suke taruwa domin yin godiya, haramun ne yin azumi ranar idi, sannan wajibi bada zakkar fidda kai a wannan rana ta idin ƙaramar sallah.
Akwai ladubba da hukunce-hukunce ga wannan rana, daga cikinsu akwai misalin raya daren idi da ibada, sallah da addu'a, karatun kur'ani, wanka da yin kabbarori na musamman. ƙasashen musulmi rana idi suna bada hutu a hukumance. Musulmai su na taruwa su yi sallar idul fiɗri cikin tsarin jam'i. kowacce ƙasa suna shirya biki a wannan rana bisa tsarin al'adunsu, mawaƙan harshen farisanci misalin Sa'adi shirazi, Abdur-raham jami da ƙaisar Amin Pur, sun rera waƙoƙi game da idul fiɗri.
Matsaui Da Muhimmanci
Idul fiɗri farkon watan shawwal, ya zo cikin riwaya cewa wannan rana ce da Allah yake bada kyaututtuka,[1] ran ace ta lada ga masu kyawawan ayyuka,[2] rana ta gafarta zunubi.[3] bisa wata riwaya da aka naƙalto daga Imam Ali (A.S), idul fiɗri idi ne na waɗanda Allah ya karɓi azumi da ibadarsa da suka yi.[4] a wata riwayar daban wace aka naƙalto daga Imam Rida (A.S), ya ce: Allah ya sanya rana idi domin musulmi su taru cikin wannan rana su yiwa Allah godiya kan ni'imomin da ya ba su, da wannan dalili ne aka umarci musulmi da yin kabbarori fiye da sauran ranaku.[5]
Sanya Suna
Kalmar «فِطر» an ciro ta ne daga tushen فَطر، wace take da ma'anar tsagawa, ƙirƙira da ƙaga.[6] an ce «عید فطر» (Idul Fiɗri) ya samo asali ne daga wannan tushe, saboda mai yin azumi ranar idul fiɗri ɗaya ga watan shawwal yana buɗe bakinsa da cin abinci da shan abin sha.[7]
Hukunce-hukunce
- Zakkar fidda kai: bisa magana da ta shahara a wurin malaman fiƙihu, lokacin fara fitar da zakkar fidda kai yana farawa daga daren idul fiɗri. Amma Sayyid Abu ƙasim Khuyi, shi yana ganin cewa yana farawa ne daga hudowar alfijir ɗin ranar idul fiɗri.[9] haka nan bisa fatawar maraji'an taƙlidi lokaci bada zakkar fidda kai yana farawaydaga ranar idul fiɗri zawalin rana azuhur ta shari'a,[10] na'am cikin malaman fiƙihu Sayyid Musawi shubairi zanjani ya tafi kan cewa bakiɗayan yinin rana idul fiɗri yana cikin lokacin bada zakkar fiddai kai.[11] tare da haka an ce idan mutum zai je sallar idul fiɗri wajibi ya fara bada zakkar fidda kai yin sallar idul fiɗri, a fatawar wasu ba'ari daga malaman fiƙihu ya ware zakkar fidda kai daga dukiyarsa gabanin yin sallar idul fiɗri.[12]
- Sallar idi: mustahabbi ne tsayar da sallar idi a zamanin gaibar Imam Mahadi (A.F), wajibi ce lokacin halartarsa da hukumar Imam.[13]
- Haramun ne yin azumi ranar idi.[14]
Ladubba Da Ayyuka
Daren Idi Cikin litattafan addu'o'i, an yi wasicci da yin wasu ayyuka da ladubba a daren idul fiɗri; daga jumlarsu:
- Karanta addu'a, sallah da karatun kur'ani.[15]
- Karanta addu'a ganin jinjirin watan shawwal a lokan ganinsa.[16]
- Karanta ziyarar Imam Husaini (A.S)[17]
- Wanka: karanta wannan addu'a bayan sallar magariba da nafilarta:[18]
Ya ma'abocin ni'ima da karamci, ya ma'abocin kyauta, wanda ya zaɓi Muhammad da mataimakinsa, ka yi daɗin tsira ga Muhammad da iyalansa, ka gafarta min dukkanin zunubi da ƙididdige shi kuma shi wannan zunubi a wurinka yana cikin littafi mabayyani.
Bayan gamawa sai ayi sujjada sannan a maimaita «أَتُوبُ إِلَی اللّٰهِ». Har sau ɗari cikin sujjadar, sannan a roƙi duk wata buƙata da ake da ita.[19]
- Kabbarori na musammam: mustahabbi ne bayan sallar magariba da isha na daren idul fiɗri a yi wannan kabbarori:
[tsokaci۱]
- Tsayuwar dare: cikin wata riwaya daga Imam Kazim (A.S) da ya naƙalto ta daga Imam Ali (A.S), ya zo cewa: yana faranta mana wannan mutumi da tsawon shekara yake shagaltuwa da ibada cikin darare guda huɗu: daren idul fiɗri, daren idul adha, daren nisfu sha'aban da daren farkon watan rajab.[21] haka kuma an naƙalto daga Imam Baƙir (A.S) cewa Ali ɗan Husaini (A.S) ya zama a masallaci a daren idul fiɗri har zuwa wayewar gari yana ta sallah yana raya wannan dare da ibada yana cewa: wannan dare bai gaza daga lailatul ƙadri ba.[22]
Ranar Idi
- Wanka: daga cikin ayyukan mustahabbi a ranar idi akwai wanka. Lokacin wannan wanka yana farawa daga hudowar alfijir, sai dai kuma game da ƙarshen lokacin wankan shin kafin fita sallar idi ne ko kuma azuhur ta shari'a, akwai mabambantan ra'ayoyi kan wannan magana.[23]
- Buɗa baki: mustahabbi ne kafin fita sallar idul fiɗri a ci wani abu daga kayan abin ci musammam dabino.[24]
- Yin kabbarori na musammam:
Bayan idar da sallar asubahin ranar idi.[25] haka nan bayan sallar azuhur da la'asar.[26]
- Sallar Idul fiɗri.
- Karanta du'a'u nudba.[27]
Ladubba Da Al'adu
Idul fiɗri yana cikin idi muhimmi a wurin musulmiwanda ake yinsa tare da keɓantattun ladubba da tsari, saboda bikin wannan rana ne wasu ƙasashe suke bada hutu wasu kwanaki a hukumance.[28] ranar idul fiɗri musulmai suna taruwa su yi sallar idul fiɗri, bayan idar da sallah sai su dawo gida su shagaltu da bukukuwa na farin ciki, suna raba alewa da biskita tare da ziyartar ƴan'uwa da abokan arziƙi.[29]
Bayanin kula
- ↑ Kulayni, Al-Kafi, 1429 AH, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 650.
- ↑ Sheikh Saduq, Min La Yahdrahu Al-Faqih, 1413 Q, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 174.
- ↑ Nuri, Mustadrak al-Wasa’il, 1408H, juzu’i na 6, shafi na 154.
- ↑ Nahj al-Balagha, Hikmat 428.
- ↑ Sheikh Saduq, Min La Yahdrahu Al-Faqih, 1413 Q, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 522.
- ↑ Ibn Manzur, Lisan al-Arab, Dhayl wajh “Fitr”.
- ↑ Ibn Manzur, Lisan al-Arab, Dhayl wajh “Fitr”.
- ↑ «اقامه نماز عید سعید فطر به امامت رهبر معظم انقلاب اسلامی»، پایگاه اطلاعرسانی دفتر مقام معظم رهبری.
- ↑ Ya ruwaito ta: Tabatabai Yazdi, Urwat al-Wuthqa (muhasha), 1419 AH, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 222.
- ↑ Beni Hashemi Khomeini,Tauzihul masa'il , Maraji, 1381 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 180.
- ↑ Shabiri Zanjani, Risala tauzihul Masa'il, 1388H, shafi 418.
- ↑ Beni Hashemi Khomeini,Tauzihul masa'il , Maraji, 1381 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 180
- ↑ Najafi, Jawahir al-Kalam, 1404 BC, juzu'i na 11, shafi na 332-333.
- ↑ Najafi, Jawahir al-Kalam, 1404 AH, Jawahir al-Kalam, juzu'i na 16, shafi na 324.
- ↑ Tusi, Misbah al-Mutahajjid, 1418 BC, shafi na 590-589.
- ↑ Mofid, Masar al-Shia, 1413 AH, shafi na 29.
- ↑ Sayyid Ibn Tawoos, Iqbal al-Amal, 1376, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 464.
- ↑ Bani Hashemi Khomeini, Tauzihul Masa'il (Maraji), Ofishin Intihsarat Islami, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 359.
- ↑ Qomi, Mafatih al-Jinan, ayyukan daren lailatul fitr.
- ↑ سید ابنطاووس، الاقبال بالأعمال الحسنة، ۱۳۷۶ش، ج۱، ص۴۵۹؛ بنیهاشمی خمینی، توضیح المسائل (مراجع)، دفتر انتشارات اسلامی، ج۱، ص۸۲۷.
- ↑ Himyari, Qurbul al-Isnad, 1413 AH, shafi na 54.
- ↑ Sayyid Ibn Tawoos, Iqbal al-Amal, 1376, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 465.
- ↑ Amoli, Misbahul al-Huda, 1310 AH, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 86.
- ↑ Najafi, Jawahir al-Kalam, 1404 BC, juzu'i na 11, shafi na 377.
- ↑ Najafi, Jawahir al-Kalam, 1404 BC, juzu'i na 11, shafi na 378 da 382.
- ↑ Bani Hashemi Khomeini, Tauzihul Al-Masa'il (Maraji), Ofishin Intisharat Islami, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 827.
- ↑ Sayyid Ibn Tawoos, Iqbal al-Amal, 1376, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 504.
- ↑ «آداب و رسوم عید فطر در کشورهای مختلف»، خبرگزاری تسنیم.
- ↑ «آداب و رسوم عید فطر در ایران»، پایگاه اطلاعرسانی حوزه؛ «آداب و رسوم عید فطر در کشورهای مختلف»، خبرگزاری تسنیم.
Nassoshi
- Alqur'ani mai girma.
- Nahj al-Balagha, Sobhi Saleh, Kum, Hijira, 1414 H.
- «آداب و رسوم عید فطر در ایران»، پایگاه اطلاعرسانی حوزه، درج مطلب: ۱۴ خرداد ۱۳۹۸ش، مشاهده: ۲۶ فروردین ۱۴۰۲ش.
- «آداب و رسوم عید فطر در کشورهای مختلف»، خبرگزاری تسنیم، درج مطلب: ۱۲ خرداد ۱۳۹۸ش، مشاهده ۲۶ فروردین ۱۴۰۲ش.
- Amoli, Mohammad Taqi, Misbah al-Hadi a cikin bayanin Urwa al-Waghti, Tehran, Bina, 1310H.
- Ibn Manzoor, Muhammad bin Makram, Lasan al-Arab, Beirut, Dar Sadir, bugu na uku, 1414H.
- «اقامه نماز عید سعید فطر به امامت رهبر معظم انقلاب اسلامی»، پایگاه اطلاعرسانی دفتر مقام معظم رهبری، درج مطلب: ۱۵ تیر ۱۳۹۵ش، مشاهده: ۲۶ فروردین ۱۴۰۲ش.
- Bani Hashemi Khomeini, Muhammad Hassan, Tauzihul Masa'il (Maraji), Qum, Littafin Rubutun Rubutun Musulunci, Beta.
- Bilghani, Majir al-Din, tarin wakoki, Sayit Ganjur.
- Jami, Nour al-Din Abd al-Rahman, Majmu Asar, Sayit Ganjur.
- Sayyid Ibn Tawus, Ali Ibn Musa, Iqbal A'amal, Jawad Qayumi Isfahani, Qum, Cibiyar Buga Ma’aikatar Watsa Labarai ta Musulunci, 1376 H.
- Shabiri Zanjani, Musa, Tauzihul Masa'il Qom, Salsabil, 1388H.
- Sheikh Saduq, Muhammad bin Ali, Man La yahdaruhul Al-Fakihu, bugun Ali Akbar Ghafari, Qum, Wallafar Jami'ar Malamai, 1413 BC.
- Sheikh Tusi, Muhammad bin Hassan, Misbah al-Mutahajjid da makamin mai ibada, Beirut, Mu'assasa Al-alami, 1418 BC.
- Sheikh Mufid, Muhammad ibn Muhammad, Masarul Shi'a, Qum, Littafin Sheikh Mufid, 1413 BC.
- Tabatabai Yazdi, Sayyid Kazem, Al-Urwah Al-Wuthqa fiMa’ ta'ummul Al-Balawi (Mahshi), Kum, Publications of the University of Teachers, 1419 AH.
- "Utlatul Eid al-Fitr na shekara ta 1444 Hijira, daidai da shekara ta 2023", Site Bourse Bahrain, kwanan watan shigowar Muttalib: 19 ga Afrilu, 2023 AD, ranar Bazdid: 6 Ardibehesht 1402 BC.
- "Kanun Afzaish Ta'adil Eid al-Fitr", shafin yanar gizon Samana Milli Laws, mai kwanan wata: 6 Ardibehesht 1402 AH.
- “Kasida Shomara ta 43 – dar wida Ramadan,” gidan yanar gizon Ganjur, mai kwanan wata: 6, 1402 AH.
- Kulayni, Muhammad bin Yaqoub, Al-Kafi, Kum, Dar Al-Hadith, 1429 BC.
"Mata Mau'id Eid al-Fitr 1444/2023? Kwanaki nawa ne ake hutu a kasashen Larabawa da na Musulunci?
- Najafi, Muhammad Hassan, Jawaher Al-Kalam fi Sharh Sharia Al-Islam, Beirut, Dar Ihya’ Al-Tharath Al-Arabi, 1404 BC.
- Nuri, Hussein bin Muhammad Taqi, Mustadrak al-Wasa’il, kuma mai gabatar da mas’aloli, Qum, wanda ya assasa Ahlul Baiti, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare su, 1408 BC.