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Daƙiƙa:Suratul Ma'ida

Ƙara hanyoyin mahaɗar
Daga wikishia
Suratul Ma'ida
Nisa'i
Suratul Nisa'i
Suratul Ma'ida
An'am
Suratul An'am
Lambar Sura5
Juzu'i6 da 7
Jerantuwa Ta Sauka113
Adadin Ayoyi120
Adadin Kalmomi2842
Adadin Haruffa12207
Makkiya/MadaniyyaMadaniyya


Suratul Ma'ida ita ce sura ta biyar a cikin Alƙur'ani, kuma tana daga cikin surorin Madaniyya. Tana cikin juzu'i na 6 da na 7 na Alƙur'ani. An sanya mata suna "Ma'ida" ne saboda an ambaci abincin sama da saukarsa bisa buƙatar Hawariyyun Annabi Isa (A.S).

A cikin Suratul Ma'ida an bayyana hukunce-hukunce da dama, ciki har da batun wilaya a Musulunci, aƙidar Triniti a Kiristanci, Ranar Alƙiyama da tashin matattu, cika alƙawari, adalcin zamantakewa, adalcin shaidu, haramcin kashe mutane, hukunce-hukuncen abinci na halal, da hukunce-hukuncen alwala da taimama.

Daga cikin shahararrun ayoyin wannan sura akwai Ayar Ikmal da Ayar Tablig. A fahimtar Shi'a, waɗannan ayoyi suna da alaƙa da Waƙi'ar Ghadir da sanar da halifancin Imam Ali (A.S). Haka kuma akwai Ayar Wilaya, wadda a fahimtar Shi'a da wasu ruwayoyin Ahlus-Sunna, an saukar da ita ne dangane da Imam Ali (A.S). Daga cikin abubuwan tarihi da surar ta yi magana a kansu akwai tarihin Banu Isra'il, labarin kashe Habila da Ƙabila ya aikata, da kuma aikin Annabi Isa (A.S) da mu'ujizozinsa. Game da falalar wannan sura, an ruwaito cewa lokacin da aka saukar da Suratul Ma'ida ga Annabi (S.A.W), mala'iku dubu saba'in sun raka ta.

Gabatarwa

Suratul Ma'ida tana daga cikin surorin Madaniyya, kuma bisa |tsarin jerin saukar ayoyi, ita ce sura ta 113 da aka saukar wa Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W). A tsarin jera surorin Alƙur'ani na yanzu, ita ce sura ta 5,[1] kuma tana cikin juzu'i na 6 da na 7 a Alƙur'ani. A wata ruwaya daga Imam Ali (A.S) an ruwaito cewa lokacin da aka saukar da Suratul Ma'ida ga Annabi (S.A.W), yana kan doki. Wahayi ya yi masa nauyi sosai, sai dabbar ta tsaya, Annabi (S.A.W) kuma ya suma a wannan yanayi.[2]

  • Sanya mata suna

Kalmar Ma'ida tana nufin teburin abinci ko abincin da kansa.[3] An sanya wa surar wannan suna ne saboda tana ɗauke da labarin saukar Ma'idar sama ga mabiyan Annabi Isa (A.S), musamman a aya ta 114. Kalmar Ma'ida ta zo sau biyu a cikin surar, a aya ta 112 da ta 114,[4] kuma ba a yi amfani da ita a wata sura ba. Sauran sunayen wannan sura su ne: Uƙud ma'ana alƙawura da yarjejeniyoyi. Munƙiza ma'ana mai ceto ko mai kuɓutarwa.[5] Suyuɗi a cikin Al-Itƙan ya naƙalto daga Ibn al-Gurs (ya rasu: 894H) cewa dalilin kiran surar da wannan suna shi ne cewa tana kuɓutar da wanda ya riƙe ta daga mala'ikun da aka umurta da azabtarwa.[6]

  • Yawan ayoyi da wasu siffofinta

Suratul Ma'ida tana da: Ayoyi 120. Kalmomi 2842, Haruffa 12207. Dangane da girmanta, tana daga cikin Sab'u Ɗiwal, wato manyan surorin Alƙur'ani guda bakwai.[7]

Abun Ciki

A cikin Suratul Ma'ida, an gabatar da jerin muhimman ilimi da aƙidun Musulunci, da kuma hukunce-hukuncen aiki da ayyukan da musulmi ya wajaba ya gudanar. Daga cikin batutuwan da surar ta yi magana a kansu akwai: Wilaya da shugabanci bayan Annabi (S.A.W). Batun akiƙar Triniti na Kiristoci. Batutuwan da suka shafi Ranar Alƙiyama da tashin matattu. Cika alƙawari da tsayawa kan yarjejeniyoyi. Adalci a cikin al'umma. Labarin kashe Habila da Ƙabila ya yi, da kuma haramcin kashe rai da aka ambata dangane da wannan lamari. Hukunce-hukuncen alwala da taimama. Hukunce-hukuncen ƙisasi. Hukunce-hukuncen sata. Hukunce-hukuncen mutumin da yake cikin ihrami. Bayanin wasu nau'o'in abincin halal da haram.[8]

A cewar Tafsir Almizan, babban manufar wannan sura ita ce kira zuwa ga cika alƙawari da tsayawa daram kan yarjejeniyoyi. Bisa wannan fahimta, daga cikin tsarin Allah shi ne Ya yi wa waɗanda suke da taƙawa kuma suke kyautata wa mutane rahama da sauƙi; amma Ya tsananta wa waɗanda suke bijirewa ga alƙawarinsu da Imaminsu.[9]

Labarai Da Ruwayoyin Tarihi

Shahararrun Ayoyi

Ayar Wajabcin cika alƙawari, Ayar Ikmal, Ayar Wasila, Ayar Wilaya, da Ayar Tablig suna daga cikin jumlar shahararrun ayoyi na Suratul Ma'ida.

Ayar Ikmal

Ayar Ikmal tana daga cikin ayoyi suke da alaƙa da Waƙi'ar Ghadir
Babban labari: Ayar Ikmal
  • A yau Na kammala muku addininku, Na cika muku ni'imata, kuma Na yarda muku Musulunci ya zama addini. (Aya ta 3)

Shi'a sun yi ittifaƙi cewa wannan aya ta sauka ne game da waƙi'ar Ghadiir da wilayar Imam Ali (A.S), a ranar 18 ga Zil-Hijja.[11]Wasu daga cikin majiyoyin Ahlus-Sunna kuwa sun rawaito cewa wannan aya ta sauka ne a ranar Arafat.[12] Allama Amini a cikin littafin Al-Ghadiir, da Mir Hamid Husaini a cikin Abaƙatul Anwar, sun gudanar da bincike a cikin littattafan Ahlus-Sunna, inda suka kawo hujjoji da dama daga cikinsu don tabbatar da cewa wannan aya ta sauka ne dangane da Imam Ali (A.S.) da kuma waƙi'ar Ghadir.[13]

Ayar Haramcin Kisa

Babban labari: Aya Ta 32 Suratul Ma'ida
  • Duk wanda ya kashe wani mutum, ba tare da ya zama saboda ƙisasi na kisan kai ba, ko kuma saboda ya yi barna a cikin ƙasa, to kamar ya kashe dukan mutane ne. Kuma duk wanda ya ceci ran wani mutum, to kamar ya ceci rayukan dukan mutane ne

Malaman tafsirin Alƙur'ani sun kawo ra'ayoyi daban-daban wajen bayyana dalilin da ya sa aka kwatanta kashe mutum ɗaya da kashe dukkan mutane, sannan aka kwatanta ceton ran mutum ɗaya da ceton dukkan mutane. Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i ya rubuta cewa kashe mutum ɗaya yana nufin hamayya da yaƙi da Ubangijintakar Allah da halittarsa. Saboda haka, kamar an kashe dukkan mutane ne, domin Allah Maɗaukaki Ya so a kiyaye nau'in ɗan Adam ta hanyar yawaitar zuriyarsa. Wannan manufar tana samuwa a cikin kowane ɗan Adam; idan aka kashe mutum ɗaya, an tozarta manufar Allah ta ci gaba da yawaitar zuriyar ɗan Adam ta wurinsa. Wannan kuwa yana nufin soke tsarin Ubangijintakar Allah da kuma yin yaƙi da manufar Allah wajen halittar ɗan Adam.[14]

A cikin Majma'ul-Bayan ma an kawo ra'ayoyi da dama, daga cikinsu akwai cewa kamar mai kisan ya ƙuduri niyyar kashe dukkan mutane ne. Ko kuma abin da ake nufi da kisa a nan shi ne kashe Annabi (S.A.W) ko limami adali. Wata fahimtar kuma ita ce, tun da mai kisan ya yaɗa al'adar kisa, to zunubin dukkan kashe-kashen da aka aikata yana kansa.[15]

A cikin Tafsir Namuna kuma an bayyana cewa ma'anar ita ce, mutumin da ya aikata kisa yana da shirin kashe wasu ma. Ko kuma ana nufin cewa al'ummar ɗan Adam kamar jiki guda ce, yayin da mutane suke kamar gaɓoɓinsa; cutar da wata gaɓa tana shafar sauran gaɓoɓin. A wasu ruwayoyi kuma an bayyana cewa abin da ake nufi da mutuwa da rai a wannan aya shi ne ɓata da shiriya.[16]

Ayar Wasila

Babban labari: Ayar Wasila
  • Ya ku waɗanda suka yi imani! Ku ji tsoron Allah, kuma ku nemi hanyar kusanci zuwa gare Shi, kuma ku yi jihadi a tafarkinSa, domin ku sami babban rabo..(35)

A ra'ayin Shi'a, wannan aya tana daga cikin hujjojin tabbatar da tawassuli da waliyyai da annabawa; domin wannan aya ta yi umarni kai tsaye ga muminai da su yi tawassuli, wato su zaɓi hanyar kusantar Allah. A fahimtar Shi'a, wasila tana da ma'ana mai faɗi, kuma tana iya haɗawa da ayyukan wajibi da kuma mustahabbi.[17]

A cikin majiyoyin hadisai, an ruwaito hadisai masu yawa daga Ahlul-Baiti (A.S) game da tawassuli, inda aka bayyana ma'anar wasila, misalanta, da kuma tasiri da sakamakon da tawassuli yake haifarwa. [18]

Ayar Wilaya

Babban labari: Ayar Wilaya
  • Abin da kawai yake zama majiɓincinku shi ne Allah da Manzonsa da waɗanda suka yi imani, waɗanda suke tsayar da sallah, kuma suna bayar da zakka alhali suna cikin ruku'u.(55)

Wannan aya, bisa ga abin da dukkan ingantattun majiyoyin Shi'a da wasu daga cikin majiyoyin Ahlus-Sunna suka tabbatar, an saukar da ita ne game da Imam Ali (A.S), tana kuma yabonsa.[19]A cikin ruwayoyi an bayyana cewa wani talaka ya zo masallaci ya nemi taimako, amma babu wanda ya ba shi komai. A wannan lokaci, Imam Ali (A.S.) yana cikin ruku'u, sai ya yi ishara da zoben da ke hannunsa, sannan talakan ya cire zoben daga yatsansa.[20] Shi'a suna amfani da wannan aya a matsayin hujja wajen tabbatar da wilayar Imam Ali (A.S).[21]

Ayar Tablig

Babban labari: Ayar Tablig
  • Ya kai Manzo! Ka isar da abin da aka saukar maka daga Ubangijinka. Idan kuwa ba ka aikata haka ba, to ba ka isar da saƙonsa ba. Allah kuma zai kare ka daga mutane. Lalle Allah ba Ya shiryar da mutanen kafirai. [67]

Malaman tafsiri na Shi'a sun bayyana cewa Ayar Isar da Saƙo (Ayatul Tablig) ta sauka ne bayan dawowar Manzon Allah (S.A.W.A.) daga Hajjin Bankwana, a yankin Ghadir Khum, a ranar 18 ga Zil-Hijja.[22] A cikin wasu daga cikin majiyoyin Ahlus-Sunna ma akwai ruwayoyi da suke bayyana cewa lokacin da wurin da wannan aya ta sauka shi ne Ghadir Khum.[23]

Malaman Shi'a, bisa dogaro da ruwayoyin da aka ruwaito daga Imamai (A.S) da kuma wasu daga cikin Sahabban Annabi (S.A.W), suna ɗaukar cewa saukar Ayar Isar da Saƙo tana da alaƙa kai tsaye da abin da ya faru a Ghadir Khum, wato sanar da Imam Ali (A.S) a matsayin magajin Manzon Allah (S.A.W).[24]

Ayoyin Neman Saukar Da Teburin Abinci Daga Sama: Ayoyi Na 112–115

  • Isa ɗan Maryam ya ce: Ya Allah, Ubangijinmu! Ka saukar mana da teburin abinci daga sama, domin ya zama idi a gare mu, ga na farkonmu da na ƙarshenmu, kuma ya zama wata alama daga gare Ka. Ka azurta mu, domin Kai ne Mafi alherin masu azurtawa.(114)

Neman teburin abinci daga sama da almajiran Annabi Isa (A.S.) suka yi wa Allah na daga cikin shahararrun abubuwan da aka ambata a wannan sura. Ayoyi na 112 zuwa 115 sun kawo labarin wannan lamari.

Neman saukar da abinci daga sama da Hawariyyun na Isa (A.S) suka yi wa Allah, yana daga cikin ayoyin shahararru na wannan sura. Ayoyi na 112 zuwa 115 sun ba da rahoton wannan labari. Muhimmin abu a cikin waɗannan ayoyi shi ne kalmar "Idi" (biki) a cikin aya ta 114, wadda aka yi amfani da ita sau ɗaya kawai a cikin Alƙur'ani. A ra'ayin Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i, duk lokacin da biki (Idi) ya zo, taron haɗin kai, farfado da rayuwar ƙasa, farin cikin zukatan mutane da shelar addini suna daga cikin abubuwan da ke tattare da biki.[25]

Ayar Alwala

Babban labari: Ayar Alwala
  • Ya ku waɗanda suka yi imani! Idan kun tashi zuwa sallah, ku wanke fuskokinku da hannuwanku har zuwa gwiwar hannu, kuma ku shafi kawunanku da ƙafafunku har zuwa idon sawu biyu.(Aya ta 6)

Wannan ita ce aya ɗaya tilo a cikin Alƙur'ani da ta bayyana yadda ake yin alwala. Fahimtar malaman fikihu na Shi'a da Ahlus-Sunna game da wannan aya ta bambanta. Shi'a suna cewa ya kamata a shafi ƙafafu kamar yadda ake shafar kai; yayin da Ahlus-Sunna suke haɗa ƙafafu da fuska da hannaye, don haka suke hukunta cewa a wanke ƙafafu.[26] Haka kuma, ban da ayar alwala, Shi'a suna kafa hujja da ruwayoyi masu yawa da aka ruwaito daga Ahlul-baiti (A.S) game da alwala da bayanan yadda ake yin ta.[27]

Ayar Muharaba

Babban labari: Ayar Muharaba
  • Lalle kaɗai hukuncin waɗanda suke yaƙi da Allah da Manzonsa, kuma suke ƙoƙarin yaɗa ɓarna a cikin ƙasa, shi ne a kashe su, ko a gicciye su, ko a yanke hannayensu da ƙafafunsu ta ɓangarori dabam-dabam, ko kuma a kore su daga ƙasa. Wannan wulakanci ne a gare su a duniya, kuma a lahira suna da azaba mai girma (Aya ta 33)

Ana kiran Muharib mutanen da suke haddasa rashin tsaro a cikin al'ummar Musulmi, ta yadda a zahiri suka yi yaƙi da Allah da Manzonsa.[28] Hukuncin muharaba da Musulmi, bisa ga ayar muharaba, shi ne kisa, ratayewa, yanke hannu da ƙafa, ko kora daga ƙasa ko ɗaurewa a kurkuku.[29] Malaman fiƙihu na Shi'a sun sanya jefa tsoro cikin mutane da kuma fito da makami a kansu a matsayin sharuɗɗan tabbatar da muharaba.[30] Haka kuma, akwai ruwayoyi da suka zo game da ayar muharaba waɗanda suke bayyana hukuncinta da yadda ake aiwatar da shi.[31]

Ayoyin Hukunce-hukunce

Kusan ayoyi 30 daga cikin ayoyin Suratul Ma'ida ana ƙirga su a matsayin Ayoyin Ahkam, wato ayoyin da suke ƙunshe da hukunce-hukuncen Shari'a ko kuma ake amfani da su wajen fitar da hukunce-hukuncen Shari'a.[32] Daga cikin hukunce-hukuncen da aka bayyana a cikin wannan sura akwai: hukunce-hukuncen mai ihrami da haramcin farautar dabbobi yayin ihrami a aikin Hajji,[33] haramcin cin mushe, jini da naman alade,[34] hukuncin alwala da yadda ake yin ta domin sallah,[35] hukuncin ƙisasi,[36] hukuncin yanke hannun ɓarawo,[37] kaffarar karya rantsuwa,[38] da kuma haramcin giya da caca.[39] Ayoyin da suke ɗauke da hukuncin Shari'a ko kuma ake amfani da su wajen fitar da hukunce-hukuncen Shari'a ana kiransu Ayoyin Ahkam.[40] A teburin da ke ƙasa an kawo wasu daga cikin Ayoyin Ahkam na Suratul Ma'ida.

Lambar Aya Rubutu Babi Maudu'i
1 Ya ku waɗanda suka yi imani! Ku cika alƙawura Ƙa'idojin fiƙihu Wajabcin cika alƙawari
1 An halatta muku dabbobin ni'ima, sai dai abin da ake karanta muku (na haramci), ba tare da kuna halatta farauta ba alhali kuna cikin ihrami... Hajji Haramcin farauta a halin ihrami
2 Ya ku waɗanda suka yi imani! Kada ku saɓa wa alamomin addinin Allah, ko watan alfarma, ko hadaya, ko dabbobin da aka yi musu alama... Hajji Hukunce-hukunce mai ihrami
2 Kuma kada ku taimaki juna wajen aikata zunubi da zalunci Ƙa'idojin fiƙihu Taimako kan aikata zunubi
3 An haramta muku mushe, da jini, da naman alade... Abinci da abin sha Abubuwan ci da aka haramta
4-5 Suna tambayarka abin da aka halatta musu. Ka ce: An halatta muku abubuwa masu kyau... Kuma abincin waɗanda aka bai wa Littafi halas ne a gare ku... Abinci da abin sha Abubuwan ci da aka halatta / Mu'amala da Ahlal-Kitabi
5 ...da mata masu kame kansu daga cikin muminai, da kuma mata masu kame kansu daga waɗanda aka bai wa Littafi kafin ku… Nikahu Auren da aka halatta
6 Ya ku waɗanda suka yi imani! Idan kun tashi zuwa sallah, ku wanke fuskokinku da hannuwanku har zuwa gwiwar hannu... Sallah Hukunce-hukuncen alwala
8 Ya ku waɗanda suka yi imani! Ku kasance masu tsayuwa tsayin daka domin Allah, masu ba da shaida cikin adalci... Alƙlanci da shaida Hukunce-hukuncen shaida
33-34 Lalle hukuncin waɗanda suke yaƙi da Allah da Manzonsa, kuma suke ƙoƙarin yaɗa barna a cikin ƙasa, shi ne... Haddodi da diyya Hukunce-hukuncen muharaba
38 Barawo namiji da barawo mace, ku yanke hannayensu, a matsayin sakamakon abin da suka aikata, horo daga Allah... Haddodi da diyya Haddin sata
42 Kuma idan ka yi hukunci, to ka yi hukunci a tsakaninsu da adalci... Alƙalanci da shaida Kiyaye adalci a cikin alƙalanci
45 Kuma Mun wajabta musu a cikinta cewa: rai da rai, ido da ido, hanci da hanci... Ƙisasi Hukunce-hukuncen ƙisasi
49 Kuma ka yi hukunci a tsakaninsu da abin da Allah Ya saukar, kada ka bi son zuciyarsu... Alƙalanci da shaida Yin hukunci bisa abin da Allah Ya saukar
87 Ya ku waɗanda suka yi imani! Kada ku haramta kyawawan abubuwan da Allah Ya halatta muku, kuma kada ku ƙetare iyaka... Abinci da abin sha Rashin haramta abubuwan da Allah Ya halatta
89 Allah ba Ya kama ku da laifin rantsuwar da kuka yi ba da gangan ba, amma zai kama ku da laifin rantsuwar da kuka ƙulla da niyya... Bakance, rantsuwa Kaffarar karya rantsuwa
90 Ya ku waɗanda suka yi imani! Lalle giya da caca da gumaka da kibiyoyin yin caca (na neman sa'a), ƙazanta ne daga aikin Shaiɗan Najasa Haramcin gida da caca
95 Ya ku waɗanda suka yi imani! Kada ku kashe farauta alhali kuna cikin ihrami. Kuma duk wanda ya kashe ta da gangan daga cikinku, to sakamakonsa shi ne ya bayar da dabba daga dabbobin ni'ima wadda ta yi daidai da abin da ya kashe... Hajji Haramcin farauta a hajji/hukunce-hukuncen ihrami (Muhrim)
96 An halatta muku farautar abin da ke cikin teku da abincinsa, domin amfanin ku da na matafiya... Abinci da abin sha Hukunce-hukunce ihrami (Muhrim)
103 Allah bai sanya bahira, sa'iba, wasila, ko hamu (a matsayin dabbobin da aka haramta amfani da su) ba. Amma waɗanda suka kafirta suna ƙirƙirar ƙarya ga Allah Abinci da abin sha Haramcin bidi'o'in jahiliyya
106-108 Ya ku waɗanda suka yi imani! Shaidar da za a yi a tsakaninku idan mutuwa ta zo wa ɗayanku a lokacin yin wasiyya, mutane biyu ne masu adalci daga cikinku... Wasiyya Hukunce-hukuncen wasiyya

Falaloli Da Fa'idodji

Babban labari: Falalolin Surori

An rawaito daga Annabi (S.A.W) cewa duk wanda ya karanta Suratul Ma'ida, za a ba shi lada goma bisa adadin dukkan Yahudawa da Kiristoci da suka taɓa numfashi a wannan duniya, a kuma goge masa zunubai goma daga cikin zunubansa, sannan a ƙara masa darajoji goma.[41] Abu Hamza Sumali kuma ya ruwaito daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) cewa an saukar da Suratul Ma'ida ga Annabi gaba ɗaya a lokaci guda, kuma mala'iku dubu saba'in sun raka ta yayin saukarta.[42]

A cikin majiyoyin hadisi, an kuma ruwaito wasu falaloli na karanta wannan sura, kamar ƙara imani idan mutum ya karanta ta a kowace Alhamis,[43] da kuma kariya daga sata da asarar dukiya idan ya ajiye ta a cikin akwati, kayansa ko tufafinsa.[44]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Ma'rifat, Amuzesh-i Ulum-i Qur'an, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 168.
  2. ↑ Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, juzu'i na 18, shafi na 271.
  3. ↑ Raghib Isfahani, Mufradat (ƙarƙashin kalmar "Maid" ), shafi na 782.
  4. ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Tafsir-i Namuna, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 241.
  5. ↑ Khurramshahi, Daneshnameh-yi Qur'an wa Qur'an-pazhuhi, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 1237.
  6. ↑ Suyuɗi, Al-Itƙan, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 152.
  7. ↑ Khurramshahi, Daneshnameh-yi Qur'an wa Qur'an-pazhuhi, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 1237.
  8. ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Tafsir-i Namuna, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 241.
  9. ↑ Ɗabaɗaba'i, Almizan (Tarjame), juzu'i na 5, shafi na 256.
  10. ↑ Khameghari, Muhammad, Sakhtar-e Surehaye Qur’an-e Karim, Mu’assasat Farhangiyye Qur’an wa Itrat Nurus Saƙalain, Qum, Nashr-e Nashra, bugu na farko.
  11. ↑ Huwaizi, Nurus Saƙalain, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 587. Bahrani, Al-Burhan, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 223.
  12. ↑ Baidawi, Anwar al-Tanzil, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 255. Alusi, Ruh al-Ma'ani, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 90-91. Sayyid Ibn Ɗawus, Al-Yaƙin, Babi na 127, shafi na 344.
  13. ↑ Duba: Amini, Al-Ghadir, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 448-456. Husaini Milani, Nafahat al-Azhar fi Khulasat Abaƙat al-Anwar, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 261.
  14. ↑ Ɗabaɗaba'i, Almizan (tarjama), juzu'i na 5, shafi na 515.
  15. ↑ Ɗabrisi, Majma' al-Bayan (tarjama), juzu'i na 7, shafi na 13.
  16. ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Tafsir-i Namuna, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 355.
  17. ↑ Nahj al-Balagha, Khutuba ta 110.
  18. ↑ Ibn Ɗaifur, Balaghat al-Nisa', shafi na 14; Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 267.
  19. ↑ Sharaf al-Din, Al-Muraja'at, shafi na 226 da 229.
  20. ↑ Shushtari, Ihƙaƙ al-Haƙƙi, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 400; Hakim al-Haskani, Shawahid al-Tanzil, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 209-239.
  21. ↑ Duba: Shaik Mufid, Al-Ifsah fi al-Imama, shafi na 134 da 217; Shaik Ɗusi, At-Tibyan, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 559; Ruh al-Ma'ani, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 245 (a cikin juzu'i na 6).
  22. ↑ Duba: Ƙummi, Tafsirul Ƙummi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 179; Ayyashi, Tafsir al-Ayyashi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 331-332; Faizul Kashani, Tafsir as-Safi, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 51; Huwaizi, Tafsir Nurus Saƙalain, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 653-655.
  23. ↑ Duba: Suyuɗi, Ad-Durr al-Manthur, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 298; Alusi, Ruh al-Ma'ani, Dar Ihya' al-Turath, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 194.
  24. ↑ Duba: Kulaini, Al-Kafi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 290, hadisi na 6; Ɗabrisi, Al-Ihtijaj, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 57; Abul-Futuh al-Razi, Raud al-Jinan, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 275-281; Faizul Kashani, Tafsir as-Safi, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 51; Al-Huwaizi, Tafsir Nurus Saƙalain, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 653-655; Ƙummi al-Mashhadi, Kanz al-Daƙa'iƙ, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 167.
  25. ↑ Ɗabaɗaba'i, Almizan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 235.
  26. ↑ حسینی و نجفی یزدی، «حکم رجلین در آیه وضو از دیدگاه فریقین»، ص۱۴۶.
  27. ↑ Duba: Hurru Amili, Wasa'ilush Shi'a, juzu'i na 1, Abwab al-Wudu', Babi na 25.
  28. ↑ Ɗabrisi, Majma' al-Bayan, shafi na 292 a cikin juzu'i na 3.
  29. ↑ Ɗabrisi, Majma' al-Bayan, shafi na 292 a cikin juzu'i na 3; Khajo Abdullah al-Ansari, Kashf al-Asrar, shafi na 103 a cikin juzu'i na 3.
  30. ↑ Musawi Ardabili, Fiƙh al-Hudud wa al-Ta'zirat, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 511 zuwa 524.
  31. ↑ Ɗabrisi, Majma' al-Bayan, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 292.
  32. ↑ Musawi Ardabili, Fiƙh al-Hudud wa al-Ta'zirat, juzu'i na1 da 2,Fihrist Ayat
  33. ↑ Duba: Irawani, Durus Tamhidiyya fi Tafsir Ayat al-Ahkam, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 215-217.
  34. ↑ Duba: Irawani, Durus Tamhidiyya fi Tafsir Ayat al-Ahkam, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 613.
  35. ↑ Duba: Irawani, Durus Tamhidiyya fi Tafsir Ayat al-Ahkam, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 48-51.
  36. ↑ Duba: Irawani, Durus Tamhidiyya fi Tafsir Ayat al-Ahkam, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 599-605.
  37. ↑ Duba: Irawani, Durus Tamhidiyya fi Tafsir Ayat al-Ahkam, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 579.
  38. ↑ uba: Irawani, Durus Tamhidiyya fi Tafsir Ayat al-Ahkam, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 456.
  39. ↑ Duba: Irawani, Durus Tamhidiyya fi Tafsir Ayat al-Ahkam, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 623.
  40. ↑ Al-Mu'ini, Ayat al-Ahkam, Binciken Musulunci (Tahqiqat Islami), lamba 1 da 2, shafi na 1. .https://ensani.ir/fa/article/44868/
  41. ↑ Ɗabrisi, Majma' al-Bayan, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 231.
  42. ↑ Ɗabrisi, Majma' al-Bayan, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 231.
  43. ↑ Shaik Saduƙ, Sawab al-A'mal, shafi na 105.
  44. ↑ Sayyid Ibn Ɗawus, Al-Aman min Akhtar al-Asfar, shafi na 89.

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