Cika Alƙawari
Cika alƙawari (Larabci:الوَفَاء بِالعَهد) wata falala ce ta halayya wacce ƙur'ani da Hadisi suka ƙarfafa. Bisa abin da ya zo a hadisai na Muslunci, cika alƙawari shi ne asalin Musulinci, alama ce ta yaƙini kuma asalin dukkan addinai. A cikin ƙur'ani Allah maɗaukaki ya yabi kanshi da wannan sifa ta cika alƙawari, ya zo a cikin ruwaya, cewa sifar cika alƙawari sifa ce da ta keɓanta da Imaman Shi'a (A.S).
Malaman tafsiri sun bayyana cewa Allah ya yabi mutane masu ciki alƙawari, kuma ya sanya su cikin muminai da masu gaskiya da masu yin sallah, kuma su ƴan'aljanna ne. bisa ayoyin ƙur'ani cika alƙawari yana da tasiri, daga cikin tasirin akwai; samin kusanci da Manzon Allah (S.A.W)a ranar alƙiyama da dacewa da yin nasara da buwaya.
Muhimmacin Cika Alƙawari
Cika alƙawari yana nufin lazimtar kiyaye alƙawuran abokan mu'amala[1] ko kuma shi cika alƙawari yana nufin aiwatar da wani aiki da mutum ya yi alƙawarin aikata shi.[2] shi cika alƙawari yana cikin siffofi mafi muhimmanci na haliyya mai kyau, kazalika rashin cika alƙawari yana sifa da halayya wadda ba ta gari ba, shi rashin cika alƙawari yana cikin miyagun halaye.[3]
Malam Makarim Shirazi ya ce matsalar cika alƙawari matsala ce da ayoyin ƙur'ani da kuma ruwayoyi suka yi magana kansu sosai da ƙarfafawa, kazalika ayoyin suna zargin duk wani mutumin da ba ya cika alƙawari.[4]
Cika alƙawari ana la'akari da shi a matsayin wani asasi na addini a cikin ruwayoyi, kuma alama ce ta addini,[5] kazalika alama ce ta imani da Allah da ranar Alƙiyama[6] duk wani mai karya alƙawari to ba shi da addini[7] a wani hadisi daga Imam Sajjad (A.S) yana cewa, shi cika alƙawari ɗaya ne daga cikin abubuwa guda uku a cikin shari'a[8]) a cikin Nahjul balaga an lissafa cika alƙawari a matsayin wajibin da ya fi muhimmanci a gun Allah.[9]
Cika Alƙawari Yana Daga Siffofin Allah Da Annabawa Da Imamai
Masu tafsiri sun faɗi cewa, haƙiƙa Allah ya yabi kanshi a cikin ƙur'ani da siffar mai cika alƙawari.[10] Kazalika ambaton Annabi Isma'il (A.S) ya zo a cikin ƙur'ani a matsayin wanda yake da sifar mai cika alƙawari,[11] cika alƙawari wata sifa ce ta masamman da Imaman Shi'a suke ɗauke da ita, masamman ma Imam Husaini (A.S)[12]
Wajabcin Cika alƙawari Yana Cikin Hukunce-hukunce Na Kur'ani
Malaman fiƙihi sun yi hukunce suna masu dogaro da wannan aya "أَوْفُواْ بِالْعُقُودِ"[13] wajibi ne cika dukkan alƙawari, wannan matsala an tattauna ta a cikin litattafan fiƙihu.[14] Hashim Rafsanjani ya faɗi a cikin littafinshi mai suna Farhangi Kur'an yayin da yake kafa hujja da ayoyin ƙur'ani[15] cewa shi cika alƙawari yana cikin ayyuka da Allah ya wajabta[16] wanda ya wajabta hakan a cikin ayoyi da yawa[17] kuma ya yi umarni ƙarara kan cewa a cika alƙawari.[18]
Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i a ƙarshan aya ta 34 suratul Isra'i ya faɗi cewa mutum abin tambaya ne kan alƙawarinshi kuma za a yi mishi hisabi kan haka.[19]
Tasirin Cika Alƙawari A Cikin Kur'ani
Malaman ƙur'ani (bisa wasu ayoyi) sun faɗi tasirin cika alƙawari, ga wasu daga cikinsu; kusanci da Manzon Allah (S.A.W) a ranar ƙiyama[20] rabauta da shiga aljanna,[21] cika alƙawari Sanadi ne na dacewa da yin nasara da buwaya.[22]
Cika Alƙawari Doka Ce Ta Duniya
Shaik Makarim Shirazi ya ce, ruwayoyi sun yi bayani ƙarara cewa shi cika alƙawari doka ce ta Allah wadda ta ƙunshi musulmi da kafiri.[23] A fahimatarsa cika alƙawari wani ginshiƙi ne daga cikin ginshiƙai na halittar ɗam'adam, yana ganin shi a matsayin wani abu karɓaɓɓe gun dukkan mutanan duniya masu addininsu da marasa addini da mabiya wani mazahabi da waɗanda basa bin wani mazahabi.[24] Bisa nuni da aya ta 177 ta suratul baƙara,[25] ana cewa duk wanda ya lazimtar kiyaye alƙawari ba tare da wata togaciya ba, ya ƙunshi duk wani nau'in alƙawari, shin da Allah ne ko da mutane, shin musulmi ne ko a a, to tilas ne mutum ya cika.[26] Ya zo cikin wasiƙar Imam Ali (A.S) zuwa ga Malikul Ashtar, mutanan duniya gaba ɗaya bisa bambance-bambancensu na tunani da bin san zuciyarsu, sun yi ittifaƙi kan cewa cika alƙawari wajibi ne, kai har mushrikai a lokacin Jahiliyya sun kasance suna kiyaye alƙawari, cikin wannan wasiƙa Imam Ali (A.S) ya umarci Malikul Ashtar da ya kiyaye alƙawari hatta tsakaninshi da kafirai.[27]
Abubuwan da suka Keɓanta Da Cika Alƙawari
Bisa ra'ayin Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i ya ce a cikin ƙur'ani da hadisi an ambaci masu cika alƙawari da wasu siffofi na masamman ga wasu daga ciki; sune masu hankali da fahimta, kuma sune masu kiyaye alaƙarsu da Allah, sune masu tsoran Allah, masu haƙuri, masu sallah kuma masu yaƙar abu marar kyau da mai kyau.[28]
Bayanin kula
- ↑ Al-Jarjani, Al-Tarifat, shafi. 111.
- ↑ Al-Qurashi, ƙamus Kur'ani, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 230.
- ↑ Makarem Al-Shirazi, Al-Akhlaq fi Al-Qur'an, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 210.
- ↑ Makarem Al-Shirazi, Al-Akhlaq fi Al-Qur'an, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 212.
- ↑ Makarem Al-Shirazi, Al-Akhlaq fi Al-Qur'an, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 223..
- ↑ Al-Kulaini, Al-Kafi, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 364.
- ↑ Al-Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, juzu'i. 81, shafi. 252.
- ↑ Al-Sadooq, Al-Khisal, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 113.
- ↑ Nahj al-Balaghah, Risala na 53.
- ↑ Al-Thaqfi al-Tahrani, Tafsir Rawan Javid, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 626.
- ↑ Suratul Maryam, aya ta:54.
- ↑ Ibn Tawus, Jamal al-Usbu, shafi na 32, 422, 490, 512; Ibn Shahr Ashub, al-Manaqib, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 2; Al-Tabari, Dala'il al-Imamah, shafi. 73.
- ↑ Suratul Maidah, aya ta 1.
- ↑ Al-Khomaini, Kitabul Bai'i, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 185; Al-Husseini, Al-Anawin al-Fiqhiyyah, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 10; Al-Shaheed Al-Thani, Al-Rauda Al-Bahiya, juzu'i. 4, shafi na 423-424.
- ↑ Suratul Maidah, aya ta 1; Suratul Isra’i, aya ta 34.
- ↑ Hashemi Rafsanjani, Kamus Qur'an, juzu'i. 21, shafi. 316.
- ↑ Suratul Baqarah, aya ta 40; Suratul An'am, aya ta:152.
- ↑ Hashemi Rafsanjani, Kamus Qur'ani, juzu'i. 21, shafi. 304.
- ↑ Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, juzu'i. 13, shafi. 91.
- ↑ Makarem Al-Shirazi, Al-Akhlaq fi Al-Qur'an, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 223.
- ↑ Hashemi Rafsanjani, Kamus Qur'an, juzu'i. 6, shafi. 514.
- ↑ Makarem Al-Shirazi, Al-Akhlaq fi Al-Qur'an, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 223.
- ↑ Makarem Al-Shirazi, Al-Akhlaq fi Al-Qur'an, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 223.
- ↑ Makarem Al-Shirazi, Al-Akhlaq fi Al-Qur'an, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 210-212.
- ↑ Kuma waɗanda suke cikawa da alkawarinsu idan sun yi alkawari.
- ↑ Makarem Al-Shirazi, Al-Akhlaq fi Al-Qur'an, juzu'i. 3, shafi na 213-214.
- ↑ Nahj al-Balaghah, Sako na 53, shafi. 442.
- ↑ Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, juzu'i. 11, shafi na 351-342.
Nassoshi
- Alkur'ani mai girma.
- Ibn Shahr Ashub, Muhammad Bin Ali, Manaqib Al Abi Talib, Qum, Mazhabar Al-Allamah, 1379H.
- Ibn Tawoos, Ali Ibn Musa, Jamaal Al-Usbu Bekamal Al-Alam al-Mashru, Kum, Darul Sharif al-Radi, 1330H.
- Al-Thaghafi Al-Tahrani, Mohammad, Tafsir Ravan Javid, Tehran, Burhan Publications, 2018 AH.
- Al-Husseini, Sayyid Mir Abdul Fattah, Al-Tawaf al-Fiqhiyah, Qum, Al-Nashar Islamic Publishing House, Vol. 2, 1417 AH.
- Al-Khomeini, Ruhollah, Kitabul Bai'i, Tehran, Mu'assasa Mawallafi da Edita Imam Al-Khomeini, 1421H.
- Al-Shaheed al-Thani, Zainul-Din bin Ali, Al-Rawzah al-Bahiyya fi Sharh al-Lama' al-Damashqiya, bincike: Muhammad Kalantar, Qom, Davari Library, 1410 AH.
- Al-Sadooq, Muhammad bin Ali bin Al-Hussein, Al-Khisal, Qum, Al-Nashar Islamic Publishing House, 1403H.
- Al-Tabatabai, Mohammad Hossein, Al-mizan Fi Tafsir Kur'an, Beirut, Al-Alami Publishing House, juzu'i na 1, 1417 AH/ 1997 AD.
- Al-Tabari, Muhammad bin Jarir,Dala'ilul al-Imamah, Qum, Dar al-Zhaer, D.T.
- Al-Qorshi, Ali Akbar, Qamoos al-Qur'an, Tehran, Darul Kutub al-Islamiyya, 1371.
- Al-Kalaini, Muhammad bin Yaqoob, Al-Kafi, gyara: Ali Akbar al-Ghafari da Muhammad al-Akhundi, Tehran, Darul Kutub al-Islamiyya, Juzu’i na 4, 1407H.
- Al-Majlisi, Mohammad Baqir, Bihar al-Anwar, Beirut, Dar Ihiya al-Tarath al-Arabi, vol. 3, 1403 AH/ 1983 Miladiyya.
- Makaram Al-Shirazi, Nasser, Al-Akhlaq Fil Al-Qur'an, Qum, Madrasah Al-Imam Ali Bin Abi Talib, juzu'i na 3, 1428H.
- Nahj al-Balagha, Tas'hihu Sobhi Saleh, Qum, Hijira, juzu'i na 1, 1414H.
- Hashemi Rafsanjani, Akbar, Qamus Qur'an, Qom, Bostan Kitab, Juzu'i na 2, 1385.