Kashe Habila

Daga wikishia

Kisan Habila (Larabci: مقتل هابيل) yana ɗaya daga cikin ƙissosin Alƙur'ani da suke nuni da kashe ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'yan Annabi Adam guda biyu a hannun ɗan'uwansa, a majiyoyin addini, ana ɗaukar wannan lamarin a matsayin kisar farko da aka yi wa dan Adam a doron kasa. An ce ƙabilu ya yi adawa da maye gurbin Habila a matsayin majibincin wato halifan Adam, (a.s), kuma domin a kawo ƙarshen wannan rikici, wahayi ya zo daga Allah cewa kowannensu ya yi hadaya wato ya yi yanka domin yardar Allah, a cewar ruwayoyi Allah bai karɓi hadayar ƙabilu ba, saboda haka ƙabilu ya yi hassada ga ɗan'uwansa Habila game da batun naɗa magajin Adam, kuma ya kashe shi, Kamar yadda aya ta 31 a cikin suratul Al-Ma'ida ta ce, Allah ya koyawa ƙabilu yadda zai binne Habila ta hanyar turo da hankaka domin ya koyar da shi.

Mutum Na Farko Da Aka Fara Kashewa A Doran Ƙasa

Ana la'akarin kashe Habila a matsayin mutum na farko da aka fara kashewa a doran ƙasa,[1] Aya ta 27 zuwa ta 31 a cikin suratul Ma'ida ta yi bayani game da labarin kashe Habila, kamar yadda Allah ya faɗa a cikin waɗannan ayoyin cewa `ƴaƴan Annabi Adam guda biyu sun yi wani abu don neman kusanci zuwa ga Allah, kuma hakan ya samu karɓuwa a wajen Allah. ɗaya daga cikinsu kuma bai yarda da ɗayan ba. Don haka ɗan'uwan da ba a karɓi aikin shi da sadakar shi ba ya yi wa ɗayan barazana cewa zai kashe shi, ya kuma rantse zai kashe shi, kuma ya kashe shi[2] bisa maganar malaman tafsiri wanda ya yi kisan shi ne ƙabilu, wanda kuma aka kashe shi ne Habilu.[3]

Abin da Ya Sanya Ƙabila Kashe Habila

Ya zo a riwaya cewa abin da yasa ƙabila ya kashe Habila shi ne hassada ga ɗan'uwansa a lokacin da aka naɗa shi halifan Annabi Adam (a.s).[4] bisa abin da wasu masu bincike suka faɗa cewa a lokacin da Allah ya yi wahayi ga Adam domin ya sanar da Habilu Ismul A'azam a matsayin shi na Halifa bayan Annabi Adam, sai ƙabila ya nuna rashin yarda, a matsayin shi na babban ɗa ga Annabi Adam wanda haka ya sa yake ganin shi ne wanda yafi kowa cancanta ya zama halifa ga Annabi Adam, kuma a hannu ɗaya ƙabilu yana ganin cewa Adam ya zaɓi Habila a matsayin halifan shi kawai saboda alaƙar shi ta masamman da Habila ba Allah ba ne ya umarce shi da hakan ba, saboda haka da kuma ƙoƙarin kawo ƙarshan wannan danbarwa sai wahayi Ya zo daga Allah cewa dole ne kowa a cikin su ya yi yanka na sadaka ga Allah mai tsarki.[5]

Yadda Yankan Ya Gudana

daidai da abin da ya zo a ruwayoyi haƙiƙa ƙabilu manomi ne kuma ya yi hadaya da mafi munin amfanin gonakinshi, Habila wanda makiyayi ne, ya kawo ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun abin da yake kiwatawa domin hadaya, idan hadaya taƙone alama ce ta amincewar Allah da ita, don haka aka karɓi hadayar Habila, kuma ba a karɓi hadayar ƙabilu ba.[6]

Hasssada Ita ce Dalilin Da Ya Sanya Ƙabilu Kashe Habila

Kamar yadda ruwayoyin Musulunci suka ce, bayan Allah ya karɓi hadayar Habila, sai hassadar ƙabilu ta motsa, ya kuma rantse cewa zai kashe shi.[7] bisa abin da Ya zo a ayoyina Alƙur'ani haƙiƙa Habila ya yi magana da ƙabilu yana ishara zuwa ga taƙawa ya ce mashi haƙiƙa Allah yana karɓar abu ne daga masu tsoran shi, Idan kana son kashe ni, ba zan yi yunkurin kashe ka ba, kuma ba zan aikata hakan ba. Ya kuma gargaɗi ƙabilu da cewa idan ya aikata laifin kisan kai, zai yi zalunci kuma ya cancanci shiga wutar jahimu.[8] Bisa abin da Ya zo cikin tarihi na ɗabari littafi wanda aka rubuta a shekara ta 303 na hijira cewa a lokacin da Habilu ya tafi dutse domin kiwan dabbobi kawai sai ƙabila ya kai mishi hari a lokacin da yake hutawa, ya buga mishi dutse a kan shi ya kashe shi.[9]

Wasu sun ce dalilin da ya kawo mas'alar hassada da yanka shi ne ya samo asali ne daga batun zabar mata da ƴan'uwan biyun za su yi, kuma sun ce an umurci Habila da ya auri ƴar'uwar ƙabilu wanda suke tagwaye ne domin aiwatar da umurnin da Allah Ta'ala ya yi wa Adam (a.s), kazalika kuma an umurci ƙabilu da ya auri ƴar tagwayen Habila, sai ƙabilu ya ce bai yarda ba, umarnin da mahaifinsu ya bashi, saboda ƴar uwarshi tafi ƴar uwar Habilu kyau, Sai Allah ya umurci 'yan'uwa biyu da su yi hadaya, domin wanda aka karɓi hadayarshi, to shi ne zai auri ƴar'uwar ƙabilu, kuma da aka karɓi hadayar Habila, sai ƙabilu ya yiwa Habilu hassada, sai ya buga mishi dutse wanda nan take ya kasheshi.[10] Kuma an anbaci ƙissar Habilu ta sadaukarwa da ƙabila kan bin Allah a cikin Attaura,hatta cikin attaura ƙabilu ne ya kashe Habila.[11]

Binne Gawar Habilu

Bisa abin da Muhammad ɗan Jarir ɗabari malamin tarihi a ƙarni na ukun ya anbata cewa gawar Habila ta kasance a cikin haɗari sakamakon dabbobi masu cin naman mutane, saboda ƙabila ba isan yadda akewa gawar sutura ba, bai san yadda zai binne gawar mutumin da ya mutu ba.[12] bisa abin da Ya zo a aya ta 31 cikin suratul Ma'ida cewa Allah ya tura Hankaka domin ƙabila ya koyi yanda ake binne mamaci, sai hankaka ya nemu inda ƙasa take sai ya yi haƙa ya binne wani hankakan da ya mutu ko aka ce ya haƙa rami ya ɓoyi wani sashi na abincinshi, to sai ya nunawa ƙabilu yanda zai binne gawar ɗanuwanshi.[13]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Makarem Al-Shirazi, Tafsir Al-Amsal, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 669.
  2. ↑ Imzar: Suratul Ma’idah, aya ta 27-31.
  3. ↑ Sheikh Al-Tusi, Al-Tibyan, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 492; Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 315; Makarem Al-Shirazi, Tafsir Al-Amsal, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 672.
  4. ↑ Al-Ayyashi, Tafsirin Al-Ayyashi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 312.
  5. ↑ Sadiƙi Fadaki, Irtidad; Bazgasht Beh Tariki, shafi na 270.
  6. ↑ Al-Kulayni, Al-Kafi, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 113.
  7. ↑ Al-Ayyashi, Tafsirin Al-Ayyashi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 312.
  8. ↑ Suratul Ma'idah, aya ta:29.
  9. ↑ Al-Tabari, Tarikh Al’umam wa al-muluk. juzu’i na 1, shafi na 138
  10. ↑ Sheikh Al-Tusi, Al-Tibyan, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 493; Al-Tabari, Tarikh Al’umam wa Al=muluk, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 138.
  11. ↑ Attaura, Sifrul Takwin, Babi na 4, ayoyi 3-8.
  12. ↑ Tabari, Tarikh Al'umam wa Al-muluk, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 86.
  13. ↑ Makarem Al-Shirazi, Tafsir Al-Amsal, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 675.

Nassoshi

  • Al-Ayyashi, Muhammad bin Mas'ud, Al-Tafsir (Tafsir Al-Ayyashi), edited by: Hashim Rasouli, bugun farko, Tehran, Islamic Scientific Library, 1380 AH.
  • Al-Kulayni, Muhammad bin Yaƙoub, Al-Kafi, Tehran, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Islamiyyah, 1407H.
  • Al-Tabari, Muhammad bin Jarir, Tarikh Al'umam wa al-muluk, bugun: Muhammad Abu al-Fadl Ibrahim, bugun na biyu, Beirut, Darul-Turath, 1387H.
  • Al-Tabatabai, Al-Sayyid Muhammad Hussein, Al-Mizan fi Tafsir Al-ƙur’an, bugu na biyu, Beirut, Al-Alami Publications Foundation, 1390 AH.
  • Al-Tusi, Muhammad bin Al-Hasan, Al-Tibyan fi Tafsir Al-ƙur’an, Beirut, Dar Ihya Al-Tarath Al-Arabi, (ed.).
  • Makarem Al-Shirazi, Nasser, Al-Amsal fi Tafsiri kitabillahil al-munazzal i, ƙum, Madrasatul Imam Ali bin Abi Talib, bugun farko, 1379H.
  • Sadiƙi Fadaki, Jaafar, Irtidad, Bazgasht Bih Tariki; negareshi be maudu'i irtidad az negahe kur'an kareem, bugu na farko, ƙum, Babbar Cibiyar Kimiyya da Al’adun Musulunci, 1388H.
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