Daƙiƙa:Ayar Istirja'i
 | |
| bayanan aya | |
|---|---|
| sunan aya | Ayar Istirja'i |
| akwai shi cikin sura | Baƙara |
| lambar aya | 156 |
| juzu’i | 2 |
| sha’anin sauka | Faɗin kalmar Istirja'i da Imam Ali (A.S) ya yi a lokacin a masifar Hamza ko Jafar Bin Abi Ɗalib |
| bayanan abin da yake ciki | |
| wurin sauka | Madina |
| maudu’i | Aƙida-gyaran ɗabi'u |
| game da | Komawar dukkanin mutane zuwa ga Allah |
| saura | Kiran juna zuwa ga haƙuri a lokacin musifu. |
| ayoyi masu alaqa | Aya ta 155 da 157 suratul Baƙara |
Ayar Istirja'i (Baƙara: 156) tana nuni da komawar dukan mutane zuwa ga Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki. Wannan aya zikiri ne na mustahabbi da ake furtawa lokacin musifu da wahalhalu. A cikin tafsirin Shi'a, ciki har da Tafsir at-Tibyan da Majma'ul Bayan, an bayyana wannan aya a matsayin alamar amincewa da bautar Allah da kuma yarda da ranar alƙiyama. Haka kuma, Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i ya bayyana cewa ma'anar Ayar Istirja'i ita ce: idan mutum ya fahimci cewa mallaka ta haƙiƙa ta Allah ce, yayin da mallakar ɗan Adam ta zahiri ce kawai, to samun wani abu ba zai sa ya yi farin ciki da girman kai ba, haka kuma rasa wani abu ba zai sa ya shiga baƙin ciki ko damuwa ba.
Bisa ga ruwayoyin da Allama Hilli da Ibn Shahre Ashub suka kawo a cikin littattafansu, Ayar Istirja'i ta sauka ne bayan Imam Ali (A.S) ya sami labarin shahadar baffansa Hamza ko ɗan'uwansa Jafar, sai ya ce: "Inna lillahi wa inna ilaihi raji'un."
Bisa ga wata ruwaya daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S), duk wanda ya rika furta Ayar Istirja'i lokacin musifu yana cikin mutanen Aljanna. Fadlu Bin Hassan Ɗabrisi, yayin tafsirin Ayar Istirja'i, ya kawo wata ruwaya wadda take cewa Allah yana rama wa waɗanda suka yi istirja'i a lokacin musifu, wato suka tuna cewa su na Allah ne kuma gare Shi za su koma, kuma Ya kyautata makomarsu ta Lahira.
Nassi Da Tarjamar Ayar
Aya ta 156 suratul Baƙara aya wadda take kiran mutane da su koma zuwa ga Allah, wacce ta fi shahara da sunan ayar istirja'i.[1]
الَّذِينَ إِذَا أَصَابَتْهُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَالُوا إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ
Waɗanda idan wata musiba ta same su, sai su ce: Lalle mu daga Allah muke, kuma lalle gare Shi za mu koma.
(Quran: Baƙara: Aya ta 156)
Ma'anoni Da Tafsirin Ayar Istirja'i
Faizul Kashani, mufassirin ƙarni na goma sha ɗaya Hijira, a cikin Tafsir as-Safi, ya bayyana ma'anar musiba da aka ambata a Ayar Istirja'i, bisa wata ruwaya, da cewa ita ce duk wani abu da yake cutarwa ko damun muminai.[2]
Shaik Ɗusi, malamin tafsiri a ƙarni na biyar Hijira, a cikin Tafsir at-Tibyan, da kuma Fadlu Bin Hassan Ɗabrisi, ɗaya daga cikin manyan malamin tafsiri na Shi'a na ƙarni na shida Hijira, a cikin Majma'ul Bayan, sun bayyana cewa Ayar Istirja'i tana ƙunshe da ma'anoni kamar amincewa da bautar Allah, yarda da ranar sakamako da Alƙiyama, kuma furta wannan aya a lokacin musifu da wahalhalu alama ce ta karɓar nufin Allah da kuma yarda da hukuncinsa.[3]
Fadlu Bin Hassan Ɗabrisi ya kuma kawo wata ruwaya da ke cewa Allah yana rama wa waɗanda suka yi istirja'i, wato waɗanda a lokacin musiba suka tuna cewa su mallakar Allah ne kuma gare Shi za su koma; Allah yana gyara makomarsu ta Lahira kuma Ya maye musu gurbin abin da suka rasa.[4] Haka kuma ya ruwaito daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) cewa masu yin istirja'i lokacin musiba suna cikin rukuni huɗu da za su shiga Aljanna.[5]
Imam Ali (A.S) ya yi bayanin Ayar Istirja'i da cewa idan muka ce "Inna lillah" (Lalle mu na Allah ne), muna tabbatar da cewa mu bayin Allah ne kuma Shi ne Mamallakinmu. Idan kuma muka ce "Wa inna ilaihi raji'un" (Kuma gare Shi za mu koma), muna tabbatar da cewa za mu mutu kuma za mu koma gare Shi.[6] An kuma kira wannan zance da Istirja'i ne saboda sashe na biyu, "Inna ilaihi raji'un", wanda yake nuna komawa zuwa ga Allah.
Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i, a cikin Tafsir Al-Mizan, ya bayyana cewa idan mutum ya fahimci cewa mallaka ta haƙiƙa ta Allah ce, yayin da mallakar ɗan Adam ta zahiri ce kawai, to ba zai yi girman kai saboda samun wani abu ba, kuma ba zai shiga tsananin baƙin ciki saboda rasa wani abu ba.[7]
Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i ya kuma ruwaito daga malaminsa Sayyid Ali Ƙazi cewa yana ba da shawarar hanyar Ihraƙ (Ƙone kai daga son zuciya) domin kawar da niyyoyi da son zuciya. Ya ce wannan hanya ta samo asali ne daga Alƙur'ani, ciki har da Ayar Istirja'i. A wannan hanya, mai neman kusanci da Allah ya kamata ya fahimci cewa komai mallakar Allah ne gaba ɗaya, shi kuwa talaka ne a zahiri a gaban Allah. Wannan tunani yana ƙona dukkan son zuciya da halaye marasa kyau; saboda haka aka kira ta da ihraƙ.[8]
Muhammad Taƙi Jafari, fitaccen masanin falsafar Shi'a (ya rasu a 1377 Sh), ya yi imanin cewa "Inna lillahi wa inna ilaihi raji'un" wata magana ce da babu abin da ya fi ta girma ga ɗan Adam. Ya ce wannan jimla ita ce amsa ga dukkan baƙin ciki, kuma tana kwantar da tsoro da firgicin da ke kama mutum lokacin mutuwa. Haka kuma, ya bayyana cewa babu wata magana da ta fi wannan wajen bayyana manufa da falsafar rayuwa.[9]
Mustahabbancin Shari'a
A cewar Shahidul Awwal, malamin fiƙihun Shi'a na ƙarni na takwas Hijira, yin zikirin Istirja'i (Inna lillahi wa inna ilaihi raji'un) a lokacin musiba mustahabbi ne.[10] Haka kuma, akwai ruwayoyi masu yawa da ke nuna cewa Annabi (S.A.W) da Ma'asumai (A.S) sun yi umarni da a riƙa furta Istirja'i yayin musifu.[11]
A cewar Sahibul Jawahir, fitaccen malamin fiƙihun Shi'a na ƙarni na goma sha uku Hijira, furta zikirin Istirja'i a lokacin binne mamaci ma mustahabbi ne.[12]
Dalilin Saukar Aya
Bisa ga wani hadisi da Allama Hilli ya kawo a cikin littafinsa Nahjul Haƙƙi wa Kashfus Sidƙi game da dalilin saukar Ayar Istirja'i, bayan Imam Ali (A.S) ya sami labarin shahadar baffansa Hamza, sai ya furta:"Inna lillahi wa inna ilaihi raji'un." Daga nan ne aka saukar da wannan aya.[13]
A wata ruwayar kuma da Ibn Shahre Ashub, muhaddisi kuma malamin tafsiri na Shi'a na ƙarni na shida Hijira, ya ruwaito a cikin Manaƙib Ale Abi Ɗalib, ya bayyana cewa bayan Annabi (S.A.W) ya sanar da Imam Ali (A.S) labarin shahadar Jafar Bin Abi Ɗalib a Yaƙin Mu'utata, sai Imam Ali (A.S) ya ce: "Inna lillahi wa inna ilaihi raji'un." Sai wannan aya ta sauka.[14]
Bayanin kula
- ↑ Misali, duba: Allama Hilli,Nahjul Haƙƙi Wa Kashful Sidƙi, shafi na 209.
- ↑ Faizul Kashani, Tafsir as-Safi, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 204.
- ↑ Ɗabrisi, Majma’ al-Bayan, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 437; Sheikh Ɗusi, At-Tibyan, Beirut, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 39–40.
- ↑ Ɗabrisi, Majma’ al-Bayan, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 437.
- ↑ Ɗabrisi, Majma’ al-Bayan, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 437.
- ↑ Nahj al-Balagha, Kalemat Qisar, lamba ta 99.
- ↑ Ɗabaɗaba’i, Al-Mizan, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 353–354.
- ↑ Risalat Sair wa Suluk, sharhin Husaini Tehrani, shafi na 147–148; Husaini Tehrani, Risalat Lubb al-Lubab, shafi na 124–125.
- ↑ Ja’fari, Imam Husaini Shahide Farhang-e Pishru-ye Insaniyat, shafi na 543–544.
- ↑ Shahidul Awwal, Zikra ash-Shi’a, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 49.
- ↑ Shahidul Awwal, Zikra ash-Shi’a, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 49.
- ↑ Najafi, Muhammad Hassan, Jawahirul Kalam, Beirut, juzu’i na 4, shafi na 310.
- ↑ Allama Hilli, Nahj al-Haqq, shafi na 209.
- ↑ Ibn Shahr Ashub, Manaqib Al Abi Talib, Intisharat Allama, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 120.
Nassoshi
- Alƙur’ani Mai Girma.
- Allama Hilli, Hassan Bin Yusuf, Nahj al-Haqq wa Kashf as-Sidq, Beirut, Dar al-Kitab al-Lubnani da Maktabat al-Madrasah.1982M.
- Allama Ɗabaɗaba’i, Sayyid Muhammad Husaini, Al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an, Beirut, Dar Ihya at-Turath al-Arabi.1390H.
- Faizul Kashani, Muhammad Bin Shah Murtada, Tafsir as-Safi, tare da gyara, gabatarwa da bayanai na Husain A’lami, Tehran, Maktabat as-Sadr.1415H/1373Sh.
- Ibn Shahr Ashub, Muhammad bn Ali, Manaqib Al Abi Talib, tare da gyara da bayanai na Sayyid Hashim Rasuli Mahallati, Qum, Cibiyar Intisharat Allama.
- Jafari, Muhammad Taqi, Imam Husaini (A.S.), Shahid-e Farhang-e Pishru-ye Insaniyat, Cibiyar Yadawa da Tsara Ayyukan Allama Jafari.1380Sh.
- Sahib al-Jawahir, Muhammad Hassan Bin Baƙir, Jawahirul Kalam fi Sharh Shara’i'il Islam, tare da bincike da bayanai na Shaik Abbas Quchani, Beirut, Dar Ihya at-Turath al-Arabi.
- Shaik Ɗusi, Muhammad Bin Hassan, At-Tibyan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an, tare da gabatarwar Agha Buzurg Tehrani, Beirut, Dar Ihya at-Turath al-Arabi.babu kwanan wata.
- Ɗabrisi, Fadlu Bin Hassan, Majma’ al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an, tare da gyara, bincike da bayanai na Sayyid Hashim Rasuli Mahallati da Sayyid Fadlullah Yazdi Tabataba’i, Beirut, Dar al-Ma’arifa.1408H/1988M.