Shahadatai

Daga wikishia
wannan wani rubutu ne da yake bayyana ra'ayin fikihu, ba zai iya zama ma'auni kan ayyukan addini ba, a koma ga wasu madogaran domin ayyukan addini.
Risala Ilmiyya

Shahadatai (Larabci: الشهادتان) shi ne shaida kaɗaita Allah da Manzancin Hazrat Muhammad (S.A.W) An sanya karɓar Tauhidi da Annabci daga Ka’idojin Addinin Musulunci. Ana ɗaukar Shahadataini iyaka tsakanin Musulunci da Kafirci. Wanda ya faɗi Shahada ana daukarsa a matsayin Musulmi kuma dokokin Musulunci sun hau kan shi, Musulmi suna faɗin kalmar shahada a kowace sallah, A cikin zaman Tahiyya da Kiran sallah, da Ikama.

Malaman Fikhun Shi'a sun yi magana a kan shahada a cikin babi daban-daban na Fikihu. A cikin fatawar su Wajibi ne a karanta Shahadatain a lokacin Sallar Jana'iza bayan Takbir ta farko, kuma ana so a Lakantawa wanda yake daf da mutuwa shima ya maimaita saboda samin tsira. da rubuta shi a kan likkafanin mamaci. Haka kuma ana rubutata a gine ginan musulinci kaman masallatai da gidajen manyan malamai da sauransu, abayama ana rubutawa akan tsabar kudi na ƙwandalaye.

Ma'anar Kalmar Shahada

Kalmar shahada shi ne shaidawa da kadaita Allah da Annabcin Muhammad (SAW)[1] A wurin Malaman fikihu, haka yana tabbata ne da faɗin waɗannan jumloli guda biyu.

أشْهَدُ أنْ لا الهَ الاّ الله و أشْهَدُ أنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللّه

Ina shaidawa babu abin bautawa da gaskiya sai Allah Shi kadai, kuma ina shaidawa Muhammadu Manzon sa ne.”[2] A cewar Sheikh Saduk, shaidar karɓar tauhidi da Annabci biyu ne daga cikin Asalan Musulunci.[3]

Kima da Girman Kalmar Shahada a Fikihu da Hukuk

A cewar musulmi shahadatai iyaka ce tsakanin Musulunci da Kafirci. Yana nufin wanda ya yi shahada Hukunce-hukuncen Musulmai ya tabbata a gare shi,[4] jikinsa tsarkakakke ne, kuma ruhinsa da dukiyarsama hakan[5] a cikin Addu’ar Abu Hamza Sumali Imam Sajjad (A.S) dangane da tasirin shahadataNi ya ɗauke ta matsayin dalilin kare rayuwar wanda ya ambaceta(ko da kuwa bai yi imani da shi da zuciyar sa ba, kamar shedar Munafiki)[6] Kamar yadda Sheikh Saduk ya ce, a wasu ruwayoyin an fassara imani da kalmar shahada[7] a cewar Allamah Tabataba’i (1281-1360 H.) akwai matakan imani, na farko shi ne imani da zuciya da yadda da kalmomin da kalmar shahada ta ƙunsa,[8] a cikin littattafan fikihu, an ambaci kalmar shahada a cikin sassan hukunce-hukuncen matattu (matattu)da babin Daharat[9] Kasuwanci,[10] Sallah[11] da Jihadi.[12]

Ladubba da Ka'idoji a Ra'ayin Fikihun Shi'a

wajibi ne a karanta kalmar shahada a sallar gawa bayan takbir Na farko. Wasu Malaman fikihu suna ganin mustahabbi ne.[13] Ana son hada kalmar shahada da shedawa da Imamancin Imamai 12 (AS) ga wanda yake a halin Fitar rai.[14] Anaso a rubuta a likkafani na mamaci cewa ya yi furuci da kalmar shahada.[15] Mafi yawan Malaman fiqihu suna ganin Mustahabbi ne a karanta kalmar shahada a cikin hudubar sallar juma'a ta ranar Juma'a.[16] A cewar Mawallafin littafin Jawahir, ɗaya daga cikin Malaman fikihu na Shi’a, ɗaya daga cikin ladubban kasuwanci shi ne mutum yadinga kalmar shahada yayin da yake zaune a wurin kasuwanci.[17]

wurin da Akafi aiki da kalmar shahada cikin al'adun muslunci

Rubutun Kalmomin Shahada a jikin gine-ginen muslunci

cikin addu'o'i da ladubban musulmi ana yawan amfani da kalmar Shahada[18] Misali musulmi suna yin Shahadatain a kowace sallah[19] da kiran sallah da iƙama.[20] Haka Ana rubutata a tsarin gine-ginen Musulunci, da tsabar kudi su ma sun sami wannan kulawar a zamanin baya.[21]

Bayanin kula

  1. Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 630.
  2. Don ganim samfuri duba Najafi, Javaher al-Kalam, 1404H, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 630.
  3. Sheikh Sadouq, Man La Yahzuruhu al-Faqihu, 1413 AH, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 299
  4. Duba Najafi, Javaher al-Kalam, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 630; Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, 1417 AH, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 301-303.
  5. Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 21, shafi na 143.
  6. Mufatih al-Jannan, addu'ar Abu Hamzah.
  7. Sheikh Sadouq, Man La Yahzuruhu Al-Faqih, 1413 H, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 299-300.
  8. Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, 1417 H, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 301, 303.
  9. Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 12, shafi na 40; Yazdi Ɗabaɗaba'i, Al-urwa Al-Wuska, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 417.
  10. Misali, duba: Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 22, shafi na 452.
  11. Misali, duba: Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 245, 246, 264.
  12. Jafi, Javaher al-Kalam, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 630.
  13. Najafi, Jawaharlal Kalam, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 12, shafi na 40.
  14. Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 14.
  15. Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 224
  16. Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1404 H, juzu'i na 11, shafi na 216; Najafi, Kashf al-Ghita, 1422 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 255.
  17. Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 22, shafi na 452.
  18. Misali, duba Sheikh Tusi, Misbah al-Mutahjad, 1411H, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 15, 16, 49.
  19. Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 245, 246.
  20. Sheikh Tusi, Misbah al-Mutahjad, 1411 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 29; Najafi, Jawaharlal Kalam, 1404 AH, Juzu'i na 9. shafi na 86
  21. Misali, duba: Afrogh, "jigogi da abubuwan da 'yan Shi'a ke cikin fasahar zamanin Safawiyya tare da kallon fasahar saƙar kafet, zane-zane da aikin ƙarfe", shafi na 48; Abbaszadeh, "Bincike matsayin addinin Shi'a kan fasaha da gine-ginen Imamzadeh Iran".

Nassoshi

  • Afrogh, Mohammad, "مضامین و عناصر شیعی در هنر عصر صفوی با نگاهی به هنر قالی بافی", zane-zane da aikin ƙarfe ", Nazarin Iran, lamba 20, faduwar 1390.
  • Sheikh Sadouq, Muhammad Bin Ali, Man La Yahzara Al-Faqih, Qum, Ofishin Daba'ar Musulunci mai alaka da kungiyar malamai ta Qum, 1413H.
  • Sheikh Tusi, Muhammad bin Hasan, Misbah al-Mutahjad da Selah al-Mutabbad, Beirut, Fiqh al-Shia Foundation, 1411 AH.
  • Tabatabaei, Seyyed Mohammad Hossein, Al-Mizan fi Tafsirin Qur'an, Qum, Ofishin Harabar Daba'ar Musulunci mai alaka da kungiyar malamai ta Qum Seminary Society of Teachers, 1417H.
  • Abbaszadeh, Motafar, Ilqar Ardebilchi, Reihaneh Yaqoubi, and Saba Kharkadi, "«بررسی نقش مذهب شیعه بر هنر و معماری امام‌زادگان ایران», wanda aka jera a gidan yanar gizon Al-shia, wanda aka gani a ranar 7 ga Mayu, 1402H.
  • Najafi, Ja'afar bn Khizr, Kashf al-Ghita an Mubhamati Shari'ah al-Gharra, Qum, ofishin yada farfagandar Musulunci na makarantar hauza ta Kum, 1422H.
  • Najafi, Mohammad Hasan, Javaher al-Kalam fi Sharh Shariah al-Islam, Beirut, Dar Ahya al-Tharath al-Arabi, 1404 AH.
  • Yazdi Tabatabaei, Seyyed Mohammad Kazem, Al-Arwa Al-Waghhi Fima Tam Beh Al-Balawi, Beirut, Al-Alami Publishing House, 1409H.