Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)

Daga wikishia
(an turo daga Jafar Bn Muhammad)
Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)
Imami na Shida
Maƙabartar Baƙi'a
SunaJafar Bn Muhammad Sadiƙ (A.S)
gudummawaImami na Shida
AlkunyaAbu Abdillah
Ranar haihuwa17 Rabi'u Awwal. shekara ta 83. h. ƙ.
MahaifaMadina
tsawon imamanciShekara 34
Shahada25 Shawwal. shekara ta 148
ƘabariMadina. Baƙi'a
Mahallin rayuwaMadina
LaƙubbaSadiƙ. Sabir. Ɗahir. Fadil
UbaImam Baƙir (A.S)
UwaUmmu Farwa
MataHamida. Fatima
ƴaƴaIsma'il. Abdullah. Ummu Farwa. Musa (a.s). Is'haƙ. Muhammad. Abbas. Ali. Asma'u. Fatima
Tsawon rayuwashekara 65


Jafar Bn Muhammad Sadiƙ (A.S) (arabic: جعفر بن محمد) ya rayu tsakanin Shekaru 83-148 h kamari, Imami na shida cikin jerin Imamai Goma sha biyu na Shi'a ya karbi ragamar Imamanci bayan Mahaifinsa Imam (Baƙir (A.S) ya yi Imamanci tsawon Shekaru 34 daga shekara ta 114-148 h kamari zamanin Halifancin Sarki Hisham Bn Abdul-Malik bayansa kuma ya yi zamani daya tare da Sarakunan Abbasiyawa guda biyu Saffahu da Mansur Dawaniki, Sakamakon Rauni da Hukumar Umayyawa ta fuskanta Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya samu damar yin ayyukan ba da Ilimi da yada shi sosan gaske idan aka kwatanta da sauran Imaman Shi'a, adadin Dalibansa da suke daukar Ilimi a wurinsa sun kai Mutum 4000, Akasarin riwayoyin Ahlil-Baiti (A.S) daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) aka rawaito su, da wannan dalili ne ake kiran Mazhabar Shi'a Imamiyya da sunan Mazhabar Jafariyya. Hatta a wurin Shugabannin Mazhabobin Ahlus-sunna Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) yana da babban Matsayi, Abu Hanifa da Malik Bn Anas sun rawaici hadisai daga wurinsa, Abu Hanifa yana ganin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) a matsayin mutum Mafi ilimi cikin Musulmai. Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) tare da raunin Gwamnatin Umayyawa a zamaninsa da kuma kiraye-kirayen `Yan Shi'a duk da haka bai yi bore da yunkurin Kifar da Gwamnatin Umayyawa ba ta lokacinsa ba, hakika Imam ya yi watsi da bukatar Abu Muslim Kurasani da Abu Salma da suka nema ya karbi Halifanci a tashi a kifar da Hukuma, hakika Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) bai shiga cikin Mikewa da gwagwarnmaya da yunkurin kifar da hukuma da Baffansa Zaidu Bn Ali ya yi ba, ya kasance yana jan Kunnen `Yan Shi'a kan duk wani Motsi da Mikewa, tare da cewa bashi da wata kyakkyawar alaka da dangantaka da Sarakunan Lokacinsa, Imam ya yi amfani da Uslubin Takiyya kan Matsin lambar siyasa da ya fuskanta daga Sarakunan Umayyawa da Abbasiyawa a zamaninsa, ya kuma kasance yana wasiyya ga Sahabbansa da yin Amafani da wannan uslubi na Takiyya. Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya samar da Tsarin Kungiyar Wakilai domin fadada samun alaka da `Yan Shi'a, amsa Tambayoyin Shari'a, karbar Hakkokin Shari'a, da kuma warware matsalolinsu, aiki wadannan Wakilai ya fadadu sosai a lokacin Imamai, a lokacin Gaiba Sugra ta Imam Mahadi (A.F) rawar da suke takawa takai kololuwarta, haka lokacin bayyanar Gullatu, Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya yaki Gullanci da dukkanin karfinsa, ya kasance yana Kafirta Gullatu da Mushrikatantar da su. Hakika ya zo cikin ba'arin Masadir cewa Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya yi tafiya zuwa Irak sakamakon Kiransa da Sarki ya yi a wancan lokaci ya kuma yi ziyara zuwa Karbala da Najaf da Kufa, ya nuna wa Sahabbansa inda Kabarin Imam Ali (A.S) yake wanda ya kasance boyayye a wancan zamani, wasu ba'arin Malaman Shi'a sun yi Imani cewa Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya yi Shahada sakamakon Shayar da shi da guba da Sarki Mansur Abbasi da ya sa aka yi, kan asasin Masadir na Riwayoyin Shi'a Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya ayyanawa Sahabbansa Imam Kazim (A.S) a matsayin Magajinsa a bayansa, amma saboda kare Ransa sai ya zamana a bayyane ya yi wasiyya da mutane biyar matsayin magadansa ciki kuwa har da Mansur Dawaniki, bayan shahadar Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) an samu bullar Firkoki daban-daban daga cikin `Yan Shi'a, Isma'iliyya, Fadahiyya, da Nawusiyya suna cikin jumlarsu, akwai kusan LIttafi 800 da suke dauke da sunan Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) daga misalin litattafan Akhbar As-Sadiƙ Ma'a Abi Hanifa da Akhbar As-Sadiƙ Ma'a Mansur talifin Muhammad Bn Wahaban Dubaili wanda ya rayu a karni hudu h kamari wadannan litattafai biyu suna daga mafi tsufan litattafai dangane da shi, sannan wasu ba'ari daga gare su sune kamar : Zindaganii Imam Sadiƙ Jafar Bn Muhammad (A.S) talifin Sayyid Jafar Shahidi, Imam As-Sadiƙ wal Al-Mazahibul Al-Arba'a talifin Asad Haidar, Pishubaye Sadiƙ, talifin Sayyid Ali Khamna'I, Mausu'atu Al-Imam As-Sadiƙ, Talifin Baƙir Sharif Karashi.

Suna da Nasaba da Lakubba

Asalin Makala: Fihirisar Alkunyoyi da Lakubban Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) Jafar Bn muhammad Bn Ali Bn Husaini Bn Ali Bn Abi Talib, Imami na shida a jerin Imamai Goma sha biyu na Shi'a,[1] Mazhabar Isma'iliyya tana kirga shi a Imaminta na biyar[2] Imam Muhammad Baƙir ne Mahaifinsa, Ummu Farwa diyar Kasim Bn Muhammad Bn Abubabar ta kasance Mahaifiya a gare shi[3] cikin littafin Kashful Al-Gumma daga Abdul-Aziz Bn Akhdar Janabizi daga Malaman Ahlus-sunna, sakamakon danganewar Nasabar Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) zuwa ga Abubakar daga bangaren Mahaifinsa da Mahaifiyarsa an nakalto cewa Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya ce:

‏»؛

«لَقَدْ وَلَدَنِی أَبُوبَکْرٍ مَرَّتَیْن

Hakika Abubakar ya Haifeni har karo biyu.[4] Sai dai cewa kuma Allama Majlisi a cikin littafin Ihkakul Al-Hakki na Shushtari ya nakalto cewa wannan kirkirarriyar riwaya ce,[5] Shahararriyar Alkunyar Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ta kasance (Abu Abdillah) ana kiransa da wannan Alkunyar bisa la'akari da sunan`dansa na biyu Abdullahi Afdahu, haka zalika ana masa Alkunya da Abu Isma'il bisa la'akari da dansa me suna Isma'il, da kuma Abu Musa bisa la'akari da `dansa Imam Musa Alkazim (A.S)[6] Mafi shaharar Lakabinsa shi ne Sadiƙ[7] kan asasin riwayoyi, an ce Annabin Muslunci (S.A.W) da kansa ya sa masa wannan Lakabi don banbance shi daga Jafarul Al-Kazzab[8] amma wasu sun ce Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya samu wannan Lakabin Sadiƙ sakamakon taka tsantsan da kauracewa yunkurin Kifar da Gwamnati da wasu suka yi a zamaninsa, saboda zamaninsu duk wanda ya tara mutane don yiwa hukuma bore da kifar da ita ana kiran wannan Mutumi da Kazzab (Makaryaci)[9] a wannan zamani ne Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya samu Lakabin Sadiƙ (Mai gaskiya)[10] Kan asasin rahotan Ibn ShahriAshub Mazandarani a cikin littafin Almanakib ya nakalto cewa an kira Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) da Lakabin Sadiƙ a lokacin da Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya ba vda labarin inda Kabarin Imam Ali (A.S) yake tun kafin a gano shi, sannan aka gano Kabarin Kamar yanda ya ba da labari, wasu kuma sun ce ana kiransa da wannan Lakabi ne sakamakon gaskiyarsa kuma ba a taba samunsa da karkacewa gaskiya ba ko baudewa[11] cikin nakali daga Akhbaru Da'iratul Al-ma'arif Buzurg Islami: wasu Malaman Ahlus-sunna misalin Malik Bn Anas, Ahmad Bn Hanbal da Jahiz sun kiraye shi da wannan (Lakabi) na Sadiƙ (Mai gaskiya)[12]

Tarihin Rayuwa

An haifi Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) a 17 ga watan Rabi'ul Awwal shekara ta 83 h kamari, sannan ya bar duniya a shekara ta 148 h kamari, a garin Madina, yana da shekara 65 kai tsaye ya shiga Aljanna,[13] wasu sun bayyana cewa an haife shi a shekara 80 h kamari[14] haka kuma Ibn Kutaiba Dinuri ya rubuta cewa Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya bar duniya ne a shekara ta 146 h kamari[15] Malamai suna ganin Malamin ya samu kuskure cikin tantan ce tarihin wafatinsa[16] sannan akwai sabani cikin Tantance hakikar rana da watan da ya yi wafati, a mahangar Tsofaffin Malaman Shi'a[17] suna ganin ya yi wafati a watan Shawwal sai dai cewa basu bayyana wacce rana ya yi wafati ba[18] Ɗabarasi cikin littafin Tajul Al-Mawalid da Shaik Abbas ƙummi cikin Waka'i'ul Al-Ayyam da Shushtari cikin Risalatu Fi Tawarikil An-Nabiyyi Wal-Ali, sun bayyana ranar 25 ga Shawwal matsayin Ranar da ya yi shahada[19] sai dai cewa sabanin wannan ra'ayi da ya shahara Ɗabarasi a cikin Elamul Al-wara[20] da Allama Majlisi cikin Bihar-Anwar tare da nakali daga littafin Misbahul Kaf'ami sun bayyana ranar 15 ga watan Rajab matsayin ranar da ya yi shahada, amma Malamai Masu zurfafa Bincike kan littafin Bihar-Anwar sun bayyana cewa wannan Magana sam babu ita cikin Litafin Misbahul Kaf'ami[21] Shaik Abbas ƙummi ya nakalto cewa Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya yi shahada a tsakiyar watan Rajab, sai dai kuma bai ambaci inda ya samo wannan Magana ba.[22]

Mata da ƳaƳa

Shaik Mufid ya bayyana cewa Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) yana da ƴaƴa goma da kuma wasu adadin mata,[23] a wasu Masadir an nakalto daga Imam Kazim (A.S) an ishara da ƴar Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) wacce ake kira da suna Hakima ko Halima,[24]

Matansa ƴaƴansa
Mata Nasaba ƴaƴa ƙarin bayani
Hamida ɗiyar Sa'idu ko Salihu Imam Kazim (a.s) Is'haƙ da Muhammad Imam Kazim (a.s) shi ne Imami na bakwai a wurin ƴan shi'a.[25]
Fatima ɗiyar Husaini ɗan Ali ɗan Husaini (a.s) Isma'il. Abdullahi Afɗahu da Ummu Farwa Abdullahi ya yi da'war imamanci bayan shahadar mahaifinsa. mabiyansa sun shahara da sunan Faɗahiyya,[26] shi kuma Isma'il ya rasu tun Imam Sadiƙ (a.s) yana raye,tare da haka an samu wasu adadin mutane da suka karyata rasuwarsa tare da da'awar imamancinsa, ana kiransu da Isma'iliyya.[27]
Wasu matan daban - Abbas. Ali. Asma'u. Fatima a cewar Shaik Mufid, dukkaninsu ƴaƴan Kuyangu.[28]

Zamanin Imamanci

Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya yi zamani da Halifofi biyu na Abbasiyawa Mansur Dawaniki da Saffahu,[29] a lokacin da Imam Baƙir (A.S) ya yi tafiya zuwa Sham Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya kasance tare da shi, wata tafiya ce da ta kasance karkashin bukatar Sarki Hisham Bn Abdul-Malik[30] a lokacin Imamancin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya kasance zamani daya da Halifofi biyar na Umayyawa, ma'ana Hisham Bn Abdul-Malik da wanda suka zo a bayansa {Tsokaci|Hisham bin Abdul Malik bin Marwan (105-125).Walid bin Yazid bin Abdul Malik (125-126) Yazid bin Walid bin Abdul Malik (watanni 6 a shekara 126).Ibrahim bin Waleed bin Abdul Malik (126-127) Marwan bin Muhammad bin Marwan (Marwan Hamar) (127-132) Siyuti, Tarihin Halifofi, 1425 AH, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 185-190.}} da kuma Halifofin Abbasiyawa guda biyu Saffahu da Mansur Dawaniki,[31] da farkon Imamancinsa ya dace da raunanar Gwamnatin Banu Umayya wacce daga karshe baki daya ma ta rushe, bayan faduwar Daular Banu Umayyawa sai Banul Abbas Suka dare kan Kujerar Mulki, hakika rauni da kuma rashin Sa idon Hukuma ya zama wata babbar dama ga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) cikin yin ayyukansa na ilimi[32] na'am wannan dama kadai ta kasance ne a iya cikin rubu'in karni na biyu h kamari, kafin wannan lokaci a daurar Mikewa da Mikewar Nafsuz Zakiyya da `dan'uwansa Ibrahim Hakika Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya fuskanci Matsi na siyasa mai tarin yawa daga Hukuma shi da Sahabbansa[33]

Nassoshi kan Imamancinsa

A mahangar Shi'a Allah ne kadai yake ayyana Imami, sannan hanyar saninsa shi ne Nassi karara daga Annabi (S.A.W) da ya fade shi ko kuma Imamin da ya gabaci Imamancin Imamin da zai ayyana[34] Kulaini a cikin littafin Alkafi ya nakalto riwayoyi guda takwas domin tabbatar da Imamancin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)[35]

Kungiyar Wakilai

Asalin Makala: Kungiyar Wakilai Sakamakon wasu dalilai kamar tarwatsuwar `Yan Shi'a cikin garuruwa da Yankuna daban-daban da kuma wahalar samuwar Alaka da sadarwa tare da su sakamakon matsin Siyasa da rashin kaiwa da sadarwa zuwa ga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) sai ya samar da wasu adadin mutane don zama Wakilansa a wurin Mabiyansa a garuruwan Muslunci daban-daban, ana kiransu da sunan Kungiyar Wakilai[36] wannan Kungiya suna ayyuka misalin karbo hakkokin shari'a daga Khumusi, Zakka, Bakance, da kyaututtukan `Yan Shi'a, bayan sun tattaro su sai su kaiwa Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) haka daga cikin ayyukansu akwai bibiyar Matsalolin `Yan Shi'a don samar musu da warwara, da kuma samar da kafar sadarwa tsakanin mutane da A'imma, amsar tambayoyin Shari'a[37] Kungiyar Wakilai a zamanin A'imma ta samu Habbaka da fadaduwa, sannan a lokacin Gaiba Sugra ta hanyar Na'ibai guda hudu na Imam Mahadi (A.S) wannan kungiya ta kai kololuwar habbakarta da cigaba, sai daa cewa kuma a lokacin Gaiba Kubra bayan mutuwar Ali Bn Muhammad Samari Wakilancin Imamai ya zo karshe aikin wannan Kungiya ya kare[38]

Bugawa da Gullatu

Asalalin Makala: Gullatu A zamanin Imam Baƙir (A.S) da Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ayyukan Gullatu ya fadada[39] sun kasance suna danganta Mukamin Ubangijintaka ga A'imma, ko kuma su bayyana cewa A'imma Annabawa ne, Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) bai yi kasa a gwiwa ba cikin Kalubalantar Tunanin Gullanci, ya kasance yana hana mutane zama tare da su[40] da kuma ayyana su matsayin Kafirai kuma Fasikai da Mushirkai.[41] Cikin wani Hadisi da ya zo dangane da Gullatu an yiwa `Yan Shi'a Wasiyya: (da kada su sake su zauna wuri daya tare da su, kada su ci abinci tare da su, ka da su sha tare da su, kada ma su Gaisa da su)[42] Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya yi gargadi kan mutane musammam Matasa yana cewa (ku yi taka tsantsan kada ku bari Gullatu su lalata muku Matasa, hakika Gullatu sun kasance Mafi munin Makiyan Allah, suna Kaskantar da Allah suna danganta Ubangijintaka ga Bayinsa)[43]

Ayyukan Ilimi

A lokacin Imamancin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) sakamakon raunin Gwamnatin Umayyawa a zamanin, an samu `Yanci bayyana Akida, an tsunduma da bahasussukan Ilimi masu yawan gaske cikin Maud'ai daban-daban[44] wannan wani yanci ne na Ilimi da ya samu wanda ya karanta a zamanin saura daga Imamai goma Sha biyu, cikin cikakken `Yanci Dalibansa suke yin tarayya cikin Bahasussukan ilimi[45] Fage da sahar Ilimi ta bude sosan gaske da ya zama sababi da dalili nakalto riwayoyi masu tarin yawa daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) a cikin Fagage daban-daban daga Fikihu, Kalam dss.[46] a cewar Ibn Hajar Haitami daga Malaman Ahlus-Sunna, mutane sun dinga nakalta daga tarin Iliminsa, sautinsa yaje ko ina[47] Abu Bahar Jahiz shi ma ya rubuta cewa hakika Ilimin Fikihun Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya cika Duniya[48] Hassan Bn Ali Washa'au shi ma ya ce: an ga mutane 800 a cikin Masallacin Kufa suna nakaltar Hadisi daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)[49] Sayyid Muhammad Husaini Tahrani ya tafi kan cewa bayan wafatin Annabi (A.S) da faruwar abubuwa marasa dadi da suke da alaka da jirkita Hakikanin Muslunci da karkacewa daga koyarwar Makarantar Iyalan gidan Annabi (S.A.W) al'ummar Musulmi tana da bukatuwa zuwa karfi biyu na Ilimi ma'ana farkar da su daga baccin gafala da Imam Husaini (A.S) ya yi da kuma Motsawarsa a Karbala, na biyu shi ne Motsin Ilimi domin raya Ma'arifofin Alkur'ani da Iliminsa da na Addini wanda Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya yi[50]

Mazhabar Jafariyya

Asalin Makala: Mazhabar Jafariyya Akasarin riwayoyin daga aka rawaito daga Imaman Shi'a Riwayoyin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ne[51] kuma shi ne yafi kowa yawan Marawaitan Hadisi, Malam Erbili ya kirga Mutum 4000 matsayin Marawaitan Hadisai daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)[52] a cewar Abanu Bn Taglib duk sanda `Yan Shi'a suka samu sabanin ra'ayi cikin maganar Annabi (S.A.W) suna riko da maganar Hazrat Ali (A.S) sannan duk sanda suka samu sabanin ra'ayi cikin Maganar Hazrat Ali (A.S) suna koma ga maganar Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)[53] sakamakon Nakalto Akasarin Hadisai daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) a fagen fikihu da Kalam ana kiran Mazhabar Shi'a Imamiyya da sunan Mazhabar Jafariyya[54] a yanzu Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya shahara a Matsayin shugaban Mazhabar Jafariyya[55] a shekara ta 1378 h kamari Shaik Shaltut Shugaban Jami'ar Al-Azhar da take kasar Misra bayan Musayen Wasiku tsakaninsa da Ayatullahi Burujurdi ya ayyana Mazhabar Jafariyya a matsayin Halastacciyar Mazhaha a Muslunci kuma ya halasta a yi taklidi da ita cikin bautawa Allah[56]

Munazara da Tattaunawar Ilimi

Cikin litattafan Shi'a an kawo Rahotan Munazarori da Tattaunawar ilimi tsakanin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) tare da Malaman Kalam na sauran Mazhabobin Muslunci da kuma wadanda kacokan suke inkarin samuwar Allah,[57] a cikin ba'arin wasu Munazarori hakika Almajiran Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) tare da hallararsa sun yi munazara da wasu mutane a fagagen da suke da kwarewa a ciki, Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya kasance yana Bibiya da Sa idanu a Munazarorin Almajiransa, a wani lokaci yana tsoma baki[58] alal misali a cikin tattaunawar ilimi da wani Malamin sham ya nemi ya yi tare da Almajiran Imam Sadiƙ (A.S), Imam ya umarci Hisham Bn Salim ya tattauna da wannan Malami a fagen Ilimin Kalam[59] haka zalika kan wani Mutum da ya nemi Munazara da shi Imam ya gaya masa cewa kowanne fage ne yake so ya tattauna da shi to da farko ya daure ya fara tattaunawa da Almajiransa tukuna, idan ya kada su ya yi samu nasara a kansu to zai yarda ya yi Munazarar ilimi tare da shi, wannan Mutumi ya yi Munazara da Humran Bn A'ayun da Fagen ilimin Alkur'ani, ya yi Munazara da Abanu Bn Taglib a fagen ilimin Arabiyya, ya yi Munazara Zurara a fagen ilimin Fikihu,sannan kuma ya yi Munazara da Muminul At-tak a fagen ilimin Kalam, sai dai cewa baki dayansu sun yi nasara da galaba a kansa.[60] Ahmad Bn Ali Ɗabarasi cikin littafin Al-Ihtijaj ya tattaro wasu adadin Munazarorin da Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya yi kamar haka:

  • Munazara tare da wani daga cikin Masu Inkarin samuwar Allah.[61]
  • Munazara tare da Abu Shakir Disani game da samuwar Allah.[62]
  • Munazara tare da Ibn Abil Al-Auja dangane da samuwar Allah.[63]
  • Munazara tare da Ibn Abil Al-auja dangane faruwar Duniya.[64]
  • Doguwar Munazara tare da Masu Inkarin samuwar Allah dangane da wasu mas'aloli daban-daban.[65]
  • Munazara tare da Abu Hanifa game da hanyoyin Istinbadin Hukunce-hukuncen Fikihu musammam kan Kiyasi.[66]
  • Munazara tare da ba'arin Malaman Mu'utazilawa dangane da hanyoyin zabar Shugaba da kuma ba'arin wasu mas'alolin hukunce-hukuncen fikihu.[67]

Sirarsa a Siyasa

Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya rayu da Halifofi guda biyu na Banu Umayya, cikin Jumlarsu akwai: Umar Bn Abdul-Aziz, Hisham Bn Abdul-Malik, haka zalika ya rayu da Halifofi biyu na Banul Abbas, Saffahu da Mansur Dawaniki[68] Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya kasance cikin tafiyar da Mahaifinsa Imam Baƙir (A.S) ya yi zuwa Sham, wata tafiya ce da ta kasance karkashin Bukatar Hisham Bn Abdul-Malik[69] lokacin Imamancin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) Sarakuna biyar suka yi Mulki daga Hisham Bn Abdul-Malik zuwa da na bayansa zuwa Saffahu da Mansur Abbbasiyawa[70]

Nesanta daga duk wani Yunkuri da yake tare da Daukar Makami

Duk da kasancewar Imamancin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya hadu da lokacin faduwar Daular Umayyawa, amma tare da haka Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya Nesanta kansa da tafiyarsa daga duk wani yamutsi da Rigingimu, ta kai ga ya yi watsi da ta yin da wasu suka yi masa da Halifanci, Malam Shahristani a cikin Littafin Al-Milalu Wan-Annihal ya kawo rahoto cewa bayan Mutuwar Ibrahim Imam Abbasi, Abu Muslim Kurasani ya aika da Wasika zuwa ga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) cikin Wasikar ya nuna cewa Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) shi ne mutum mafi cancanta da Halifanci, saboda haka ya karbi ta yin da ya yi masa na Halifanci, sai dai cewa Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya maida masa amsa yana cewa: da farko dai kai baka cikin Sahabbaina sannan wannan zamani ba zamanin bane.[71] sannan lokacin da Abu Salma shi ma ya yi masa tayin Halifanci kacokan ma sai ya bashi amsa da kona wasikar da ya aiko masa,[72] haka kuma Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) bai shiga Yunkurin Baffansa Zaidu Bn Ali kan kokarin kifar da Gwamnati Umayyawa a wancan zamani,[73] kan asasin wani hadisi an bayyana dalilin taka tsantsan din da Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) cikin kan kauracewa harkokin yunkuri da motsin Siyasa, ya yi hakan ne sakamakon rashin Mataimaka[74] a ba'arin wasu riwayoyi an ba da rahoton cewa Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya nuna cewa da za a samu Dakakkun Mutane tsayayyu Guda goma Sha bakwai a wata riwayar kuma Mutum biyar da ya isa a kalubalanci Hukuma,[75] ya fadi haka ne a lokaci da wasu suka matsa masa da nema a mike a kalubalanci Hukuma, sai ya ce musu ya kamata ku sani mu mun fi ku sanin wanne lokaci ya dace da motsi kuma menene ya kama mu yi[76] [Tsokaci 1]

  • Sabanin da ya Samu da Abdullahi Bn Hassan Musanna

Shekarar da Daular Banu Umayya ta fadi an sanu wasu Jama'a daga Banu Hashim sun taru a garin Abwa'u daga cikinsu akwai Abdullahi Bn Hassan Musanna da `dansa da Saffahu da Mansur, sun yi wannan Taro ne domin Tsara yanda za su mike su Kalubalanci Gwamnati a lokacin, da kuma zabar Mutum daya daga cikinsu domin su yi masa Mubaya'a, sai Abdullahi ya gabatar da `Dansa Muhammad tare da da'awar cewa shi ne Mahadi wanda ake jiran Bayyanarsa kuma ya nemi wanda su ka zo wajen wannan taron da su yi masa Mubaya'a. Lokacin da Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya samu labari, ya gayawa Abdullahi Bn Hassan Musanna cewa lallai `danka ba shi ne Mahadi ba, har yanzu lokacin Bayyanar Mahadi bai yi ba tukuna, da Jin haka sai Abdullahi ya fusata ya tuhumi Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) da yi masa Hassada, Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya yi rantsuwa da Allah cewa bai fadi wannan Magana don Hassada ga `dansa ba, ya gaya masa za a kashe wannan `dan naka ne sannan kuma Halifancin zai fada hannun Saffahu da Mansur Dawaniki[77] Rasul Jafariyan ya na ganin cewa tushen sabani da ya faru tsakanin `Ya`yan Imam Hassan (A.S) da `Ya`yan Imam Husaini (A.S) ya samo asalin daga wannan waki'ar ta Abdullahi Bn Hassan Musanna.[78]

Alakarsa da Sarakunan Zamaninsa =

Tare da Nesantar da Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya yi daga Yunkuri Mai dauke da Makamai kan Hukumomin Zamaninsa, sai dai kuma tare da hakan babu kyakkyawar alaka tsakaninsa da Sarakunan zamainsa, lokacin da ya tafi Aikin Hajji tare da da Mahaifinsa Imam Muhammad Baƙir (A.S) a wannan taro na aikin Hajji ya bayyana Ahlil-Baiti (A.S) a matsayin zababbun Allah, kuma ya yi ishara ga irin kiyayyar Halifa Hisham Abdul-Malik yake yiwa Ahlil-baiti (A.S)[79] cikin amsar da ya baiwa Mansur Dawaniki lokacin da ya nemi Imam yaje wajensa kamar yanda sauran mutane suke zuwa wajensa , sai ya rubutawa Masa amsa da: hakika mu bamu da komai da zai sa mu ji tsoranka, kai kuma baka da komai daga al'amuran Lahira da zai sanya mu yi fata daga gareka, baka cikin wata ni'ima da za mu tayaka murna samunta, kuma kai baka yi Imani da cewa kana cikin wata Musiba da za mu yi maka jajenta ba, saboda haka me zai kawo mu wurinka,[80]

Kona Gidan Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)

Kan asasin wata riwaya daga littafin Alkafi, Hassan Bn Zaidu wanda ya yi Gwamna a Makka da Madina, ya kona Gidan Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) karkashin umarnin Mansur Abbasi, kan rahotan wannan riwaya Soro da Kofar Gidan Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) duka sun kone,lokacin da Imam ya samu ya tsallake daga gidan ya fito waje ya ce:

من فرزند اَعراق الثَّرَی

Lakabi ne na Hazrat Isma'il, wanda yake da ma'anar: ( hakika ni `Da ne ga Mutumin da Tsatsonsa suka ba zu cikin duniya kamar misalin jijiyoyin Bishiya da suke yaduwa karkashin kasa, hakika ni `Da ne ga Ibrahim Masoyin Allah)[81] Sai dai cewa a Rahotan da ya zo cikin Tarikhul At-Tabari, Mansur ya nada Hassan Bn Zaidu Gwamnan Madina a shekara ta 150 ma'ana bayan shahadar Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)[82]

Amfanin da Hanyar Takiyya

In banda rubu'in Karni na biyu h kamari,wanda cikinsa Daular Banu Umayya ta fadi, to a sauran daurori Hakika Halifofin Banu Umayya da Banu Abbas basu gushe ba suna Sa ido da bibiya duk wani motsin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) da mutanensa, sannan Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya fuskanci karuwar matsi da takurawa daga Sarakunan Zamaninsa a karshe-karshen rayuwarsa[83] kan asasin rahotan wasu riwayoyi Hakika Dogarawan Halifa Mansur Dawaniki sun kasance suna zakulo duk wani mutum da yake da alaka da Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) sannan su sare masa kai, wannan dalili ne ya sanya Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) da Sahabbansa yin Takiyya cikin ayyukansu.[84] Kan asasin riwayar da aka nakalto daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) a cikin littafin Alkafi, a Yaumul Ash-Shakki (Ranar Shakka) (ranar da ake shakku tsakanin kasancewarta farkon Ramadan ko karshen Sha'aban) Imam Yaci Abinci bisa Takiyya sakamakon bukatar Sarkin Saffahu kan haka, Imam cikin amsar da ya baiwa wani wanda ya nuna rashin amincewarsa da abinda Imam ya yi, yana cewa yanzu ranar da aka tabbatar da cewa farkon watan Ramadan ce amma tare da haka kake karya Azuminka kake cin abinci?! Sai Imam ya ce masa: eh mana na rantse da Allah in ci abinci a cikin watan Ramadan ya fiye min in bari a sare min wuya[85] lokacin da Sufyanul As-Sauri ya bukaci ganin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S), sakamakon kasancewa duk wani motsina da sautinsa yana karkashin Sa idon Gwamnati sai Imam ya ce a cewa Sufyanul As-Sauri ya tafi ba zai samu damar ganawa da shi ba[86] a cikin wani hadisi Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) don kauracewa Matsala da sharrin Fadar Sarki Ya nemi Abanu Bn Taglib ya ba da amsa irin ta Ahlus-sunna cikin tambayoyin fikihu da ake masa,[87] haka kuma a wata riwaya da aka nakalto daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya karfafa kan Takiyya, a wasu riwayoyin ya siffanta yin takiyya daidai take da Sallah[88] Ayatullahi Khamna'i ya yi Kulasar muhimman Ayyuka a Rayuwar Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) cikin Abubuwan da bayaninsu zai zo a kasa:

  • Bayani da tabligin Mas'alolin Imamanci da manufar korewa ta karara kuma kai tsaye kan Sarakunan wannan lokacin da kuma ayyana kansa a matsayin Imami Ma'abocin hakkin Shugabantar Mutane.
  • Tabligi da bayanin hukunce-hukuncen Addini ta hanyar Fikihun Shi'a da kuma Tafsirin Alkur'ani cikin Uslubi da tsari na musamman da yafi bayani karara daga sauran Imamai
  • Samar da boyayyar Tashar Tablig Mai fadin gaske domin yada Imamanci Iyalan Ali (A.S), ingantaccen Bayanin Mas'alar Imamanci, wannan Tasha ta tabligi ta samu damar fadada ayyukanta na bayanin Mas'alar Imamanci a yankunan masu yawan gaske a cikin Irak da Kurasan[89]

Hususiyoyin Akhlak, Karamomi da Falaloli

A cikin Masadir na riwaya an kawo rahotan Kyawawan Dabi'un Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) daga Zuhudu, ciyarwa. Tarin Ilimi, yawan Ibada da yawan tilawar Alkur'ani, Muhammad Bn Talha ya siffanta Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) da wani Babban Mutum daga Ahlil-Baiti Ma'abocin yawan Ibada da Karatun Alkur'ani[90] Malik Bn Anas daya daga cikin Suugabannin Mazhabobin Ahlus-Sunna ya ce: a zamanin da yake zuwa wurin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) kodayaushe yana samunsa cikin daya daga halaye uku, ko dai yana halin yin Sallah, Azumi, Zikiri,[91] Ya zo cikin littafin Bihar-Anwar cikin amsar da Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya bayar da Dirhami 400 ga wani Talaka da ya roke shi, sannan bayan ganin yanda wannan Mutumi yake ta godiya sai ya kara masa da wani Zobe nasa wanda kimarsa ta kai Dirhami dubu goma[92] cikin littafin Alkafi akwai riwayoyi da suka bada rahoto kan cewa Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) cikin dare yana yawo yana kai Gurasa da Nama Gidajen Talakawa[93] Abu Jafar Khus'ami ya nakalto cewa Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya ba shi jakar Kudi ya kuma ce masa yaje ya kaiwa wani Mutum daga Banu Hashim kuma kada ya gayawa masa wanene ya aiko masa da wannan Sakon. A cewar Khus'ami lokacin da wannan Banu Hashim ya karbi wannan Kudi ya yi addu'a ga mutumin da ya aiko masa da wannan Kudi sannan ya koka kan cewa duk da Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) yana da tarin dukiya amma baya taimaka masa da komai[94] Abu Abdullahi Balakhi shi ma ya nakalto wata rana Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya yi Magana da wata Bishiyar Dabino da ta bushe ya ce mata Yake wannan Bishiyar da Mai `Da'a ga Ubangiji ki ciyar da mu daga abinda Allah ya ajiye cikinki, kawai sai wannan Bishiya take ta dinga ruwan Dabino kala-kala[95]

Tafiya Da Ya yi Zuwa Kasar Irak

Maƙamin Imam Sadiƙ (a.s) a Masallacin Sahla

Asalin Makala: Mukamin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) a Masallacin Sahla. Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) a lokacin Gwamnatin Saffahu da Gwamnatin Mansur Dawaniki ya je Irak sakamakon Kiransa da suka yi, a wannan Tafiya ya samu damar ziyara zuwa Karbala Najaf, Haira da Kufa[96] Muhammad Bn Ma'aruf Hilali ya nakalto cewa lokacin da Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) yaje Haira Mutane sun tarbe shi cikin girmamawa, saboda tsanani cunkuso Mutane ta kai ga Muhammad Bn Ma'aruf bai samu damar ganawa da shi ba[97] Hakika Mihrabin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya kasance a sashen gabashin Masallacin Kufa Kusa da Kabarin Muslim Bn Akil, Mihrabinsa ya kasance cikin kayayyakin tarihi a cikin Masallacin Sahla a kasar Irak[98] Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya kai ziyara Kabarin Imam Husaini (A.S) da yake a Kufa[99] a gabar Kogin Husainiya da yake Garin Karbala akwai wani gini wanda wani Mihrabi ne da ake danganta shi zuwa ga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)[100]

Samfurin Mihrabin Imam Sadiƙ (a.s) a garin Karbala

A cikin ba'arin wasu riwayoyi an kawo rahotan ziyarar da Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya je Kabarin Imam Ali (A.S)[101] wannan kabarin wanda ya kasance boyayye kafin kai ziyarar da ya yi, ya nunawa Sahabbansa inda Kabarin yake, a cewar Kulaini Ranar da Yazidu Bn Amru Bn Talha ya kai shi wani wuri da yake tsakanin Najaf da Haira ya nuna masa Kabarin Kakansa Hazrat Ali (A.S)[102] Shaik Tusi shi ma ya nakalto cewa Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya matsa kusa da Kabarin Hazrat Ali (A.S) ya yi Sallah sannan ya nunawa Yunus Bn Zubyan Kabarin[103]

Almajiransa Masu Rawaito Hadisai daga Wurinsa

Asalin Makala: Fihirasar Sahabbban Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) Shaik Tusi cikin Littafin Rijal nasa ya kawo sunayen Marawaita har kusan 3200 da suke rawaitar hadisai daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)[104] Shaik Mufid cikin littafin Al-Ershad ya kidaice Marawaita 4000,[105] a cewar Ibn Ukda yana da littafi sukutum da ya rubuta kan Sahabban Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) a ciki ya kawo sunayen Marawaita guda 4000[106] Aksarin Marubutan Usulul Al-Arba'a Mi'a (Asalai 400) sun kasance daga Almajiran Imam Sadiƙ (A.S),[107] haka kuma idan aka auna shi da sauran A'imma za a ga yafi kowa Almajirai daga tsakankanin wadanda ake kira Ashabul Ijma'i. Almajiransa sun kasance wadanda aka fi dogara su da yarda su cikin Marawaitan A'imma 107 wasu daga ba'arin shahararrun Almajiran Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) wadanda suka kasance cikin adadin Ashabul Ijma'i,[108] sun kasance kamar haka: 1.Zurara Bn A'ayun 2.Muhammad Bn Muslim 3.Buraidu Bn Mu'awiya 4.Jamilu Bn Darraj 5.Abdullahi Bn Muskan 6.Abdullahi Bn Bukair 7.Hammad Bn Usman 8.Hammad Bn Isa 9.Abanu Bn Usman 10.Abu Basir Asadi 11.Hisham Bn Salim 12.Hisham Bn Hakam.[109] Riwayar da Kashshi ya nakalto dangane da Munazarar Almajiran Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) tana nuna cewa ba'arin Almajiransa suna da kwarewa a wasu kebantattun Fagage[110] kan asasin wannan riwaya Humran Bn A'ayun yana da kwarewa a Ulumul Alkur'an, Abanu Bn Taglib a Adabin Larabci, Zurara a fannin Fikihu, Muminul At-Tak da Hisham Bn Salim a fannin Kalam.[111] wasu ba'arin kuma daga Almajiran Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) da suke da kwarewa a fannin Kalam sune: Humran Bn A'ayun, Kaisu Bn Masir da Hisham Bn Hakam[112]

Ahlus-Sunna

Wasu ba'arin Malaman Ahlus-sunna da Limaman Fikihu a wurinsu, sun kasance Almajiran Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) Shaik Tusi cikin Littafin Rijal Tusi nasa ya kirga Abu Hanifa cikin Sahabbai da Almajiran Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)[113] Ibn Abil Al-Hadid Mu'utazili shima ya kirga shi cikin adadin Sahabban Imam Sadiƙ (A.S),[114] Shaik Saduk ya nakalto daga Malik Bn Anas cewa lokacin da yake zuwa wurin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya ji Hadisai daga gare shi[115] Malik Bn Anas ya nakalto Hadisi daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) a cikin littafin Muwadda,[116] Ibn Hajar Haitami ya rubuta cewa Manya-Manyan Malaman Ahlus-Sunna kamar misalin ABu Hanifa, Yahaya bn Sa'id, Ibn Juraihi, Malik Bn Anas, Sufyanul Bn Uyaina, Sufyanul As-Sauri, Shu'ubatu Bn Al-Hajjaj da Ayyubu Suktiyani duka sun rawaito daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)[117] cikin Littafin Al-A'immatul Al-Arba'a an kawo rahoton cewa kasancewar Malik Bn Anas a Madina da kuma amfanuwa da darasin wasu mutane misalin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya kasance daga sababin Habbakuwar Iliminsa,[118]

Shahararrun Hadisai

Ba'ari daga shahararrun Hadisan Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) sun kasance kamar haka:

  • Hadis Junudul Akli wa Jahli: wannan hadisi wani rahoto ne daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) daga riwayar Samma'atu Bn Mihran dangane da halittar Hankali da Rundunar da sakamakon matsayin da hankali yake da shi da kuma `da'arsa da sallamawarsa ga Allah ya ajiye wannan Runduna cikinsa,[119]
  • Hadis Hajji: Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya rawaito daga Babansa yanda Annabi (S.A.W) yake aiki Hajji, wannan hadisi an nakalto shi cikin Masadir na Shi'a[120] da Ahlus-Sunna[121] an kawo duka daga bangarorin biyu[122]

Hadis tauhidul Mufaddal: wani hadisi ne da Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) cikin zama hudu ya shifta shi ga Mufaddal Bn Umar shi kuma ya rubuta shi, hadisi ne da kunshi mas'alolin halittar Duniya, Halittar mutum, abubuwan ban mamakinsu da hikimomin da suke cikinsu.[123]

  • Hadis Inwani Basari: cikin wannan hadisi bayan Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya gama bayani kan mecece Bauta, sai ya gayawa wani da ake kiransa da Inwani Basari dokokin aiki cikin fagen Tarbiyar Nafsu, hakuri, da kuma Ilimi[124]

Imam Sadiƙ (a.s)

أَرْبَعَةٌ الْقَلِیلُ مِنْهَا کَثِیرٌ النَّارُ الْقَلِیلُ مِنْهَا کَثِیرٌ وَ النَّوْمُ الْقَلِیلُ مِنْهُ کَثِیرٌ وَ الْمَرَضُ الْقَلِیلُ مِنْهُ کَثِیرٌ وَ الْعَدَاوَةُ الْقَلِیلُ مِنْهَا کَثِیرٌ.

Abubuwa huɗu kaɗan daga gare su mai yawa ne. wuta kaɗan daga gareta mai yawa ne. bacci kaɗan ɗinsa mai yawa ne, rashin lafiya kaɗan daga gareta mai yawa ne, ƙiyayya kaɗan daga gareta mai yawa ne.

Kulaini, Al-Kafi, bugun shekara ta 1407 h, ƙ, juzu'i 6 shafi na 391, Ibn Qaulawaihi, Kamilul Al-ziyarat, shekarar 1356 h, shamsi, shafi na 106

  • Makbulatu Umar Bn Hanzala.[125] wasu ba'arin Malaman fikihu suna riko da wannan hadisi cikin warware Ta'arudul Adillati (cin karo da juna tsakanin riwayoyi guda biyu),[126] Masu Imani da Nazariyar Wilaytul Fakihi su ma sun jingina da ita.[127]
  • Nagartar rayuwar daidaiku da mu'amalar zamantakewa cikakkiyar ma'auni ne, kashi biyu bisa uku wayo ne, kashi uku kuma kau da kai, kau da idanu.[128]
  • Kada ka kalli aibobin Mutane kana mai ganin kanka sama da su, Ka shagaltu da duba naka laifin kana matsayin Bawa Mai Tawali'u.[129]
  • bai kamata ku yiwa junanku Hassada ba, saboda Kafirci da rashin addini ya bubbugo ne daga Hassada.[130]
  • ka gwada `yan'uwanka cikin siffofi guda biyu, idan ka samu suna da Siffofi biyu ka cigaba da abota da soyayya da su, idan kuma basu da su, to kayi nesa da su, siffa ta 1 kula da Sallah a kan lokacinta, siffa ta 2 Ihsani ga dan'uwan babu banbanci a lokacin tsanani da kuncin hannu, ko kuma lokaci yalwata da budi[131]

Mahangar Ahlus-sunna

Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya kasance yana da Matsayi da girmama a wurin Manyan Malaman Ahlus-sunna, Abu Hanifa daya daga Limaman Mazhabobi hudu na Ahlus-sunna yana ganin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) matsayin mutum mafi sanin Ilimin Fikihu da dukkanin ilimi daga cikin Musulmai[132] a nakalin Ibn ShahriAshub, Malik Bn Anas ya ce: ta fuskar Falala, Ilmi da Ibada da Tsantseni Idanu bai ga wani fiye da shi ba Kunne bai ji wani sama da shi[133] a ra'ayin Malam Shahristani cikin littafin Al-Milalu Wan-An-Nihal hakika Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) Mutum ne da yake da Ilimi Mai tarin yawa, yana da Ilimi da diraya cikin hikima, da Zuhudu cikin Duniya, tsantseni daga barin sha'awa, lokacin da yake zaune a Madina `Yan Shi'a da suke danganewa da shi sun matukar amfana da iliminsa, sannan ya sadar da sirrikansa a boye ga kebantattun Masoya, hakika ya kasance wani mutum da ya rigaya ya nutse cikin Tekun Ilimi, ya kai kololuwar cikin sanin hakika bai da kowanne irin tsoro ko wahami daga fadowar darajojin duniya.[134] [Tsokaci 2] A cewar Ibn Abil Al-Hadid, hakika manyan Malumman Ahlus-sunna kamar misalin Limaman Mazhabobinsu daga Ahmad Bn Hanbal da Shafi'i kai tsaye ko kuma karkashin wasida da wani dukkansu sun kasance Almajiran Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) da wannan dalili ne zaka samu fikihun Ahlus-sunna yana da reshe da Fikihun Shi'a,[135] amma tare da dukkanin wannan Tumbatsa da kwarara cikin fikihunsu, da karkata zuwa ga da yawa-yawan Malaman fikhun Ahlus-sunna da suka yi zamani daya tare da Imam Sadiƙ (A.S), kamar misalin Auza'i da Sufyanul As-Sauri, Amma Malaman Ahlus-sunna ba su da kowacce irin karkata da waiwaya zuwa ga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)[136] da wannan dalili ne wasu Malaman Shi'a misalin Sayyid Murtada ya yi suka kan Malaman Ahlus-sunna[137]

Shahada

Maƙabartar Baƙi'a

Shaik Saduk ya yi bayani karara cewa Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya yi shahada ne sakamakon Shan guba da Halifa Mansur Dawaniki ya bada umarni a shayar da shi ita[138] Ibn ShahriAshub cikin littafin Al-Manakib da Muhammad Bn Jarir Tabari na uku cikin Dala'ilul Al-Imama su ma sun tafi kan wannan ra'ayi[139] an jingina da riwayar:

روایت والله ما منا الا مقتول شهید

Wallahi babu wani mutum daga cikinmu face wanda za a kashe ko shahada.[140] Sabanin Shaik Mufid da ya tafi kan cewa babu tabbataccen dalili kan cewa Shayar da shi guba akayi,[141] Sayyid Murtada Amili Masanin Tarihi ya bayyana cewa Shaik Mufid ya yi wannan Magana ne saboda Takiyya,[142] Kabarin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya na nan a Makabartar baki'i kusa da Kabarin Imam Baƙir (A.S) da Imam Sajjad (A.S) da Imam Hassan (A.S)[143]

Wasiyyar Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)

Kan asasin Hadisai, Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya yi wasiyya ga Kebantattun Sahabbansa da Imam Kazim (A.S) a matsayin Imami Magajinsa a bayansa a lokuta da daman gaske[144] amma sakamakon tsanantawar Abbasiyawa da kuma kokarin kare Ran Imam Kazim (A.S) sai ya zamana ya yi wasiyya da Mutane biyar cikinsu kuwa har da Halifan Abbasiyawa[145] [yadasht 4] da wannan dalili ne wasu ba'arin fitattun Sahabban Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) misalin Muminul At-Tak da Hisham Bn Salim suka fada cikin kokwanto kan wanda zai gaji Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) da farko sun tafi wurin Abdullahi Afdahu sun masa tambaya, sai dai cewa amsar d aya basu bata gamsar da sub a, sai suka je wurin Musa Bn Jafar (A.S) suka gana shi ya basu amsar da ta gamsar da su, daga karshe suka karbi Imamancinsa.[146]

Rarrabuwar kai cikin `Yan Shi'a

Bayan shahadar Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) an samu bullar Firkoki daban-daban cikin `Yan Shi'a, kowacce Firka ta ayyana daya daga `Ya`ayan Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) a matsayin Imaminta, amma dai Galibin `Yan Shi'a sun karbi Imamancin Imam Musa Kazim (A.S)[147] wasu Jama'a daga `Yan Shi'a sun yi Inkarin Mutuwar Isma'il Bn Jafar Sadiƙ (A.S) babban `dan Imam, sun ce shi ne Imami kuma magajin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) shi ne yafi cancanta da Imamanci a wurinsu, wasu adadi kuma da suka cire fata daga cewa Isma'il yana raye sai suka shelanta dansa Muhammad a matsayin Imami, ana kiransu da Isma'iliyya, wasu ba'ari kuma suka ce Abdullahi Afgdahu dan Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) na biyu shi ne Imam, ana kiransu da Fadahiyya, amma bayan mutuwarsa kwanakin 70 da shahadar Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) sun tuba sun dawo wurin Imam Musa Kazim (A.S), an samu wasu da suka tsaya kan wani mutum mai suna Nawus a lokacin Imamancin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S), ana kiransu da sunan Nawusiyya, haka kuma wasu adadi sun tafi kan Imamancin Muhammad Dibaji `dan Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)[148]

Hutu a Hukuman ce a Iran kan Zagayowar Ranar Shahadar Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)

A Kasar Iran 25 ga watan Shawwal rana ce ta hutu sakamakon zagayowar Ranar Shahadar Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) wannan hutu ya samu ne daga shawarar Ayatullahi Kashani da kuma umarnin Muhammad Musaddak[149] wasu ba'arin Maraji'an Taklidi a Iran ƙum suna hallara cikin Maukibobin Zaman Makoki, suna tattakawa a kafa har zuwa Haramin Sayyada Ma'asuma (S) domin yima ta'aziyya[150]

Talifofin Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)

Cikin ba'arin litattafan Hadisi na Shi'a ko Risaloli da Wasiku daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) an kawo rahoto cewa akwai kokwanto kan ingancin wasu Talifofi da aka danganta su zuwa ga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) amma wasu ba'ari da suka zo cikin litattafai misalin Alkafi suna da Inganci,[151] ba'arin wadannan Risaloli sune:

  • Wasikar Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) zuwa ga Sahabbansa, wannan Wasika ta tattaro Wasiyyoyi zuwa ga `Yan Shi'a cikin Fagage daban-daban an kawo cikin Littafin Alkafi.[152]
  • Risalatu Shara'i Addini cikin riwayar A'amash, wannan wata wasika ce gameda Asala Addini da Rassan Addini, Shaik Saduk ya nakalto.
  • wani gutsiren wata wasika game da tafsiri.
  • wani gutsiren wasika dangane da Masu Kiyasi da suka a kansu.
  • Ar-Risalatul Al-Ahwaziyya, ya rubuta wannan wasika ne zuwa ga Najashi Gwamnan Ahwaz a wancan zamani, Matanin waskira ya zo cikin Littafin Kashful Ar-Riba, wanda Shahidus Sani ya wallafa shi.
  • TaUhidul Al-Mufaddal, wani Littafi da ya kunshi maganganun Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) dangane da sanin Allah da ya shiftawa Mufaddal Bn Umar, ta fuskanin maimaita Kalmar Fakkir ya Mufadaddal (Ya Mufaddal kayi Tunani) a zamani baya wannan littafin ya shahara da sunan Kitabu Fakkir, Marubucin LIttafin Az-Zari'atu ya bayyana Mufaddal matsayin Ma'abocin Kitabu Fakkir[153]
  • Risalatu Ahlu Lajja, wata wasika ce da Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya tattauna da wani Likita Mutumin Kasar Indiya kan batun samuwar Allah, Sayyid Muhsin Amin, Sayyid Ibn Tawus sun tafi kan ingancin wannan littafi, haka kuma ya nakalto daga Ibn Nadim Marubucin Littafin Fihirasatu Ibn Nadim ya karyata cewa Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ne ya rubuta wannan littafi[154]
  • Shahararren Matani da ake kira da Tafsir Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)
  • Tafsirul Al-Numani.[155]

Sannan akwai wasu litattafai da Almajiran Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) suka yi talifinsu daga zantukansa, ba'arin wanda aka buga sune:

Sanin Littafi

An rubuta litattafai masu yawan gaske game da Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) cikin littafin Kitab Shinasi Imam Jafar Sadiƙ (A.S) na kawo sunaye Littafi 800 da aka buga shi duka suna Magana kansa,[157] misalin Akhbar As-Sadiƙ Ma'a Abi Hanifa, da Akhbar As-Sadiƙ Ma'a Mansur, da Muhammad Wahban Dubaili ya rubuta a karni na hudu, da kuma littafin Akhbar Jafar Bn Muhammad, talifin Abdul-Aziz Yahaya Jaludi shi ma a karni na hudu, suna daga mafi dadewar Littafai a wannan fage,[158] sannan wasu ba'arin Littafai da aka rubuta su game da Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) sune:

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Jafarian, Hayatu Fikri Siayasi Imamane Shi'eh, 2013, shafi na 391.
  2. ↑ Saberi, Tarikh Firaku Shi'a, 2008, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 110, 119.
  3. ↑ Mofid, Al-Ershad, 1372, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 180.
  4. ↑ Erbali, Kashf Al-Ghumma, 1381 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 161
  5. ↑ Majlesi, Bihar al-Anwar, juzu'i na 29, shafi na 651, 652.
  6. ↑ Paktachi, “Jafar Sadiƙ (AS), Imam”, shafi na 181.
  7. ↑ Paktachi, “Jafar Sadiƙ (AS), Imam”, shafi na 181.
  8. ↑ Sadouƙ, Kamaluddin, 1359, shafi na 319; "Ladubban Manzo da Annabi", shafi na 60, 61;Bahrani, Haliya al-Abrar, 1411 Hijira, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 11
  9. ↑ Paktachi, “Jafar Sadiƙ (AS), Imam”, shafi na 181.
  10. ↑ Paktachi, “Jafar Sadiƙ (AS), Imam”, shafi na 181.
  11. ↑ Ibn Shahr Ashub, Manaƙib, 1379 Hijira, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 273.
  12. ↑ Paktachi, “Jafar Sadiƙ (AS), Imam”, shafi na 181
  13. ↑ Mofid, Al-rshad, 1372, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 180.
  14. ↑ Erbali, Kashf al-Ghumma, 1379, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 691.
  15. ↑ Ibn ƙutaiba al-Dinuri, al-Maarif, 1992, shafi na 215.
  16. ↑ Paktachi, “Jafar Sadiƙ (AS), Imam”, shafi na 187.
  17. ↑ Paktachi, “Jafar Sadiƙ (AS), Imam”, shafi na 187.
  18. ↑ Misali, duba: Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407 AH, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 472; Mofid, Al-Ershad, 1372, juzu'i na 2, shafi 180; Tabarsi, Elamul Alwara, 1417 AH, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 514.
  19. ↑ Sheikh Tabarsi, Taj Al-Mawalid, 1422 AH, shafi na 44; ƙomi,Waka'ikul Al-Ayam, Nur Mataf, shafi na 310; Shushtri, Rasala fi Tawarikh al-Nabi wa al-Al, 1423 AH, shafi na 68.
  20. ↑ Tabarsi, Ealamul Alwara, 1417 AH, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 514.
  21. ↑ Majlesi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 47, shafi na 2.
  22. ↑ ƙomi, Muntahal Al'amal fi Tawarikhul Annabiyi wal-Ale, Al-Nasher: Jamaat al-Madrasin, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 243.
  23. ↑ Mofid, Al-Ershad, 1413 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 209.
  24. ↑ Ibn Hamzah Tusi, Al-Thaƙib fi al-Manaƙib, 1411H, shafi na 443 da Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 487 shafi na 74.
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  26. ↑ Shahrashtani,Al-milal wa An-Nihal, 1415 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 148.
  27. ↑ Ash'ari, Al-Maƙalat al-Farƙ, 1360, shafi na 213, 214.
  28. ↑ Mofid, Al-Irshad, 1413 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 209.
  29. ↑ Shahidi, Zindigani Imam Sadiƙ, 1378, shafi na 4.
  30. ↑ Shahidi, Zindigani Imam Sadiƙ, 1378, shafi na 6.
  31. ↑ Shahidi, Zindigani Imam Sadiƙ, 1378, shafi na 4.
  32. ↑ Shahidi, Zindigani Imam Sadiƙ, 1378, shafi na 47.
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  34. ↑ Fazel Moƙdad, Irshad al-Talebin, 1405H, shafi na 337.
  35. ↑ Kulaini, Kafi, 1407 AH, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 306, 307.
  36. ↑ Jabari, Sazemaneh wekalat A'immeh 1382, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 47-50.
  37. ↑ Jabari, Sazemaneh Weakalat A'immeh, 1382, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 280, 320, 332.
  38. ↑ <a class="external text" href="http://tarikh.nashriyat.ir/node/615">بررسی تطبیقی سازمان دعوت عباسیان و سازمان وکالت امامیه</a>
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  40. ↑ >Jafar,Hayatu Fikiri-siyasi Imamane Shi'eh, 1393, shafi na 407-408
  41. ↑ Kashshi, Rizal Al-Kashshi, 1409 AH, shafi na 300.
  42. ↑ Kashshi, Rizal Al-Kashshi, 1409 AH, shafi na 297
  43. ↑ Sheikh Tusi, Amali, 1414H, shafi na 650.
  44. ↑ Shahidi,Zindigani Imam Sadiƙ, 2004, shafi na 60-47.
  45. ↑ Jafar, Hayatu Fikri wa siyasi Imamaneh Shi'eh, 1393, shafi na 435, 436.
  46. ↑ Shahidi, Zindigani Imam Sadiƙ (AS), 2004, shafi na 61
  47. ↑ Ibn Hajar Haitami, Al-Sawa'iƙ al-Muhriƙa, 1429 Hijira/2008, shafi na 551.
  48. ↑ Jahiz, Rasa'il al-Jahiz, 2002, shafi na 106.
  49. ↑ Najashi, Rejal Najashi, 1416 AH, shafi na 39.
  50. ↑ Tehrani, Imam Shinasi, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 266.
  51. ↑ Paktachi, “Ja'afar Sadiƙ (AS), Imam”, shafi na 205
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  53. ↑ Najashi, Rejal Najashi, 1416 AH, shafi na 12.
  54. ↑ Shahidi, Zindigani Imam Sadiƙ, 2004, shafi na 61
  55. ↑ <a class="external text" href="http://old.ido.ir/a.aspx?a=1392060904">نجفی، «امام صادق(ع) رئیس مذهب جعفری»، سایت سازمان تبلیغات اسلامی، تایخ درج: ۹ شهریور ۱۳۹۲، تاریخ بازدید: ۱۰ آبان ۱۳۹۶.</a>
  56. ↑ Biazar Shirazi, Hambastagi Mazahib Islami, 1377, shafi na 344.<a class="external text" href="http://taghrib.org/farsi/pages/rowad.php?rid=43">«شیخ محمود شلتوت»، سایت مجمع جهانی تقریب مذاهب اسلامی.Tarihin Sheikh Shaltut, Babban Mufti, Malamin Sunan kuma Shugaban Jami'ar Azhar ta Masar", Darashaye Az Maktab Islami Juzu'i na 3, 1338.</a>
  57. ↑ Misali, duba Kulini, Usul Kafi, Mujalladi na 1, 1407 AH, shafi na 79, 80, 171-173; Shaik Mufid, Al'Iktisas, 1413 AH, shafi na 189, 190.
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  60. ↑ Kashi, Rizal Al-Kashshi, 1409 AH, shafi na 275-277.
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  72. ↑ Masoudi, Moruj al-Dhahab, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 254
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  76. ↑ Kulaini, Kafi, 1407H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 243 da Ibn Shahrashob, Manaƙib, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 363.
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  81. ↑ Kulaini, Kafi, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 473.
  82. ↑ Tabari, Tarikh Tabari, Rawa'ihut Turasi Al'arabi, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 32.
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  89. ↑ <a class="external text" href="https://farsi.khamenei.ir/speech-content?id=8211">امام صادق(ع) مرد علم و دانش، مرد مبارزه، مرد تشکیلات</a>
  90. ↑ Erbali, Kashf al-Ghumma, 1379, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 691.
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  95. ↑ Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, Dar Ihya al-Trath, juzu'i na 47, shafi na 76.
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  102. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407H, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 571.
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  108. ↑ Paktachi, “Jafar Sadiƙ, Imam”, shafi na 187.
  109. ↑ Amin, Sireh Masooman, 1376, juzu'i na 5, shafi 66; Paktachi, "Jafar Sadiƙ, Imam", shafi na 183.
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  114. ↑ Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Sharh Nahj al-Balaghah, 1385 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 18 da juzu'i na 15, shafi na 274.
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  118. ↑ Shaka, Al-A'imah al-Arba'a, 1418 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 8.
  119. ↑ Al-Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407H, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 21-20.
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  121. ↑ Misali, duba Muslim Nishabouri, Sahih Muslim, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 170.
  122. ↑ Misali, duba Kulaini, al-Kafi, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 245; Muslim Nishabouri, Sahih Muslim, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 170.
  123. ↑ Mufadl bin Omar, Tauhid Mufadl, 1379, shafi na 41 ( Gabatarwa daga Ayatullah Shushtri).
  124. ↑ Majlesi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 224-226.
  125. ↑ Zuwa Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407H, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 67.
  126. ↑ Misali duba: Sheikh Ansari, Faraidul Al-Usul, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 59-61.
  127. ↑ Misali, duba Imam Khumaini, Al-Hukuma al-Islamiyya, 1429 AH/2008 AD, shafi na 115-121; Misbah Yazdi, Negahe Guzar bar Nazariyyeh Wialatul fakihi , 1391, shafi na 100.
  128. ↑ Ibn Shuba Harrani, Tohf Al-Uƙool, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 359.
  129. ↑ Ibn Sha'ba Harrani, Tohf Al-Uƙool, 1404H, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 305.
  130. ↑ Kulaini, Kafi, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 8.
  131. ↑ Hurrul Amili, wasa'il Al-Shi'a, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 503.
  132. ↑ Dahhabi, Tazkira Al-Huffaz, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 126.
  133. ↑ Ibn Shahr Ashub, Manaƙib Al Abi Talib, 1379, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 248.
  134. ↑ Al-Shahristani, Al-Melal wa Al-Nehal, 1364, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 194.
  135. ↑ Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Sharh Nahj al-Balaghah, 1385 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 18.
  136. ↑ Paktachi, “Jafar Sadiƙ (AS), Imam”, shafi na 206.
  137. ↑ Paktachi, “Jafar Sadiƙ (AS), Imam”, shafi na 206.
  138. ↑ Sadouƙ, Al-Ithiƙadat, 1413H, shafi na 98
  139. ↑ Ibn Shahr Ashub, Manaƙib Al Abi Talib, 1379 AH, Mujalladi na 4, shafi na 280; Muhammad bin Jarir Tabari, Dalai al-Imamah, 1413 AH, shafi na 246; Sayyid Ibn Tavus, Iƙbal al-Amal, 1414H, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 214.
  140. ↑ Tabarsi, Elamul Alwari, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 132.
  141. ↑ Mufid, Tashihu Etikadat Al-Imamiya, 1413 AH, shafi na 131 da 132.
  142. ↑ Duba Aamili, Sahih Min Sirah al-Nabi al-Azam, 1426 AH, juzu'i na 33, shafi na 185-191.
  143. ↑ Sheikh Mufid, Ershad, 1372, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 180.
  144. ↑ Misali, duba Kashshi, Rizal al-Kashshi, 1409 AH, shafi na 282 da 283.
  145. ↑ Pishvai, Sireh Pishvayan, 2003, shafi na 414.
  146. ↑ Kashshi, Rizal al-Kashshi, 1409 AH, shafi na 282 da 283.
  147. ↑ Paktachi, “Jafar Sadiƙ (AS), Imam”, shafi na 188.
  148. ↑ Nobakhti, Feraku Al-Shia, 1353, shafi na 66-79.
  149. ↑ <a class="external text" href="http://iscƙ.ir/?part=news&inc=news&id=369">رازی، «رسمی شدن شهادت امام صادق(ع) از آثار جاودانه آیت الله کاشانی است»، پایگاه اطلاع‌رسانی مرکز بررسی‌های اسلامی</a>
  150. ↑ <a class="external text" href="https://www.mehrnews.com/news/2126312">پیاده‌روی مراجع عظام تقلید در عزای صادق آل محمد(ع)</a>
  151. ↑ Paktachi, "Jafar Sadiƙ, Imam", shafi na 218.
  152. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 2.
  153. ↑ Tehrani, al-Dhari'a, 1408H, juzu'i na 19, shafi na 15.
  154. ↑ Amin, Ayan al-Shia, Dar al-Taraif, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 663.
  155. ↑ Paktachi, "Jafar Sadiƙ, Imam", shafi na 218 da 219.
  156. ↑ Paktachi, "Jafar Sadiƙ, Imam", shafi na 218 da 219.
  157. ↑ Paktachi, "Jafar Sadiƙ, Imam", shafi na 219.
  158. ↑ Paktachi, "Jafar Sadiƙ, Imam", shafi na 219.
  159. ↑ Asad da Imam Sadiƙ (a.s.) wa Mazahib Ahlus sunnat, Muhammad Hossein Al-Sahlaman da sauransu suka fassara, 1390.
  160. ↑ Muzaffar, Asfhati Az Zindagi Imam Jafar Sadiƙ, Seyed Alavi ya fassara, 1372.
  161. ↑ <a class="external text" href="https://hawzah.net/fa/Magazine/View/4180/4746/38660">گزارشی از موسوعه الامام الصادق علیه السلام</a>
  162. ↑ <a class="external text" href="http://imamsadr-news.com/article/3361">نگاه کنید به معمای همایش اسلام‌شناسی استراسبورگ، مهدی شاکری و بابک فرمایه، سایت امام موسی صدر نیوز.</a>

Tsokaci

  1. ↑ Ibrahim bin Waleed bin Abdul Malik (126-127) Marwan bin Muhammad bin Marwan (Marwan Hamar) (127-132) Siyuti, Tarihin Halifofi, 1425 AH, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 185-190.
  2. ↑ Ibrahim bin Waleed bin Abdul Malik (126-127) Marwan bin Muhammad bin Marwan (Marwan Hamar) (127-132) Siyuti, Tarihin Halifofi, 1425 AH, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 185-190.

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