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Daƙiƙa:Aya Ta 1 Suratul Fatahi

Ƙara hanyoyin mahaɗar
Daga wikishia
Aya Ta 1 Suratul Fatahi
bayanan aya
sunan ayaAyar Fatahun Mubin
akwai shi cikin suraFathu
lambar aya1
bayanan abin da yake ciki
wurin saukaMadina
game daSulhu Hudaibiyya


Ayar farkon suratul Fatahi ko fatahul mubin, aya ce da take yin bushara wata bayyananniyar nasara ga Annabi (S.A.W), malaman tasfiri suna da mabambantan ra'ayoyi game da mene ne wannan bayyananniyar nasara: mafi yawansu sun tafi kan cewa yana da alaƙa ne da nasarorin da sulhu hudaibiyya ya kawo wanda daga ciki akwai amincewar da ƙuraishawa suka yi da Musulmi da kuma samar da hanyoyin nasarar Fatahu Makka da nasarar da aka samu a Khaibar.

Wasu kuma sun fassara Alfatahul mubin (Bayyananniyar nasara) da Fatahu Makka ko Khaibar, wasu daban kuma sun fassara da nasarar Muslunci ta ruhaniya, ma'ana galaba kan abokan gaba ta hanyar hujja, dalili da mu'ujizozi.

Gabatarwa

Aya ta 1 suratul fatahi, ta kasance aya ta farko da ta yi wa Annabi (S.A.W) bushara da bayyananniyar nasara, wannan aya an saukar da ita a Madina kuma aya ce da aka fi sanin ta da "Ayar fatahul mubin"[1] Kan asasin ba'arin riwayoyi ya zo cewa wannan nasara ta kasance mafi soyuwa a wurin Annabi (S.A.W) daga duniya da abin da yake cikinta.[2]

Lallai mu mun baka nasara, nasara bayyananniya[3] Wannan nasara kamar yadda ya zo cikin rahotanni na tafsiri, nasara ce da ta yi tasiri matuƙa cikin yaɗuwar Muslunci da kyautata matsayin Musulmi[4]

Abin da Ake Nufi Daga Fatahun Mubin A Cikin Wannan Aya

Malaman tafsiri suna da saɓani game da kan mene ne “Fatahun mubin” wanda ya zo a cikin aya yake ishara.[5]

Sulhu Hudaibiyya Da Nasarorin Da Aka Samu Bayansa

Mafi yawan malaman tafsiri[6] sun tafi kan cewa "Fatahun mubin" yana nuni da nasarorin da aka samu bayan sulhu hudaibiyya.[7] Wannan sulhu ne ya samar da hanyoyin cin nasara a Fatahu Makka da Khaibar[8] kuma a karon farko ya jawo ƙuraishawa suka amince da Muslunci da Musulmi.[9] Haka kuma alaƙa tsakanin Musulmi da mushrikai ta kai ga wasu ɗaiɗaikun mutane suka dinga karɓar Muslunci.[10] Bisa wata riwaya daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) da aka kawo ta a cikin Tafsirul Ƙummi, sulhu hudaibiya da abubuwan da suka faru bayansa, shi ne sababin saukar wannan aya.[11]

Ba'arin malaman tafsiri "Fathu" da ya zo cikin wannan aya sun fassara shi da nasarar Muslunci ta ruhaniya; ma'ana Muslunci ta hanyar hujjoji, dalilai da mu'ujizozi ya yi galaba kan maƙiyansa.[12] A cewar Muhammad Jawad Mugniyya, "Fathu" a wannan aya bai iyakantu da nasara a wani ayyananne wuri da zamani ba, bari dai yana bayyana ɗaukakar Muslunci da ƙarfi da ikon Musulmi da kuma dusashewar matsayin ƴan adawa.[13]

Ba'arin malaman tafsiri sun fassara "Fathu" da Fatahu Makka.[14] Fakhrur Razi malamin tafsiri Ahlus-Sunna tare da dogara da ayoyin ƙarshen suratul Muhammad ([[Aya Ta 35 Suratul Muhammad|Aya ta 35]] da 38) da kalmar "A'alauna" ya bayyana cewa Fatahu Makka ya kasance sababin ɗaukakar Musulmi kuma ya kasance misali na "Fathun mubin".[15]

Bisa abin da Ɗabrisi da Ɗabaɗaba'i suka yi naƙali wasu malaman tafsiri suma sun tafi kan cewa "Fathun mubin" ishara ce kan nasarar Khaibar, kuma suna ɗaukar ayar tana magana ne kan nasara ta kusa-kusa.[16]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Tabrisi, Majma' al-Bayan, 1415 Q., Jild 9, Safa 181.
  2. ↑ Tabrisi, Majma' al-Bayan, 1415 Q., Jild 9, Safa 181; Mughniya, al-Tafsir al-Kashif, 1424 Q., Jild 7, Safa 82; Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir Namuna, 1374 Sh., Jild 22, Safa 9.
  3. ↑ سوره فتح، آیه ۱؛ ترجمه حسین انصاریان.
  4. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir Namuna, 1374 Sh., Jild 22, Safa 9.
  5. ↑ Fakhr Razi, al-Tafsir al-Kabir, 1420 Q., Jild 28, Safa 65; Mughniya, al-Tafsir al-Kashif, 1424 Q., Jild 7, Safa 83.
  6. ↑ Alusi, Ruh al-Ma'ani, 1415 Q., Jild 13, Safa 239; Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir Namuna, 1374 Sh., Jild 22, Safa 9.
  7. ↑ Misali: Tabrisi, Majma' al-Bayan, 1415 Q., Jild 9, Safa 182; Fakhr Razi, al-Tafsir al-Kabir, 1420 Q., Jild 28, Safa 65; Tabataba'i, al-Mizan, 1393 Q., Jild 18, Safa 252.
  8. ↑ Tabataba'i, al-Mizan, 1393 Q., Jild 18, Safa 252–253; Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir Namuna, 1374 Sh., Jild 22, Safa 17.
  9. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir Namuna, 1374 Sh., Jild 22, Safa 14–15.
  10. ↑ Misali: Tabrisi, Majma' al-Bayan, 1415 Q., Jild 9, Safa 182; Huweyzi, Tafsir Nur al-Thaqalayn, 1415 Q., Jild 5, Safa 48.
  11. ↑ Qumi, Tafsir al-Qumi, 1404 Q., Jild 2, Safa 309.
  12. ↑ Fakhr Razi, al-Tafsir al-Kabir, 1420 Q., Jild 28, Safa 65; Tabataba'i, al-Mizan, 1393 Q., Jild 18, Safa 253.
  13. ↑ Mughniya, al-Tafsir al-Kashif, 1424 Q., Jild 7, Safa 83; Mustafawi, al-Tahqiq fi Kalimat al-Qur'an, 1368 Sh., Jild 9, Safa 16.
  14. ↑ Misali: Shaykh Tusi, al-Tibyan, Dar Ihya' al-Turath al-‘Arabi, Jild 9, Safa 313; Fakhr Razi, al-Tafsir al-Kabir, 1420 Q., Jild 28, Safa 65.
  15. ↑ Fakhr Razi, al-Tafsir al-Kabir, 1420 Q., Jild 28, Safa 65.
  16. ↑ Tabrisi, Majma' al-Bayan, 1415 Q., Jild 9, Safa 184; Tabataba'i, al-Mizan, 1393 Q., Jild 18, Safa 253.

Nassoshi

  • Alusi, Mahmud bin Abdullahi, Ruh al-Ma'ani, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyya, 1415 Q.
  • Fakhr Razi, Muhammad bin Umar, al-Tafsir al-Kabir, Beirut, Dar Ihya' al-Turath al-Arabi, 1420 Q.
  • Huweyzi, Abd Ali bin Jum'a, Tafsir Nur al-Thaqalayn, Qum, Isma'iliyya, Bugu na hudu, 1415 Q.
  • Makarem Shirazi, Nasir, Tafsir Namuna, Tehran, Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyya, 1374 Sh.
  • Mughniya, Muhammad Jawad, al-Tafsir al-Kashif, Beirut, Dar al-Kitab al-Islami, 1424 Q.
  • Mustafawi, Hasan, al-Tahqiq fi Kalimat al-Qur'an, Tehran, Ma'aikatar Al'adu da Jagoranci na Musulunci, Bugu na farko, 1368 Sh.
  • Qumi, Ali bin Ibrahim, Tafsir al-Qumi, Qum, Dar al-Kitab, Bugu na uku, 1404 Q.
  • Qurashi, Ali Akbar, Qamus al-Qur'an, Tehran, Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyya, 1412 Q.
  • Tabataba'i, Sayyid Muhammad Husayn, al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an, Beirut, Mu'assasat al-A'lami lil-Matbu'at, 1393 Q.
  • Tabrisi, Fadl bin Hasan, Majma' al-Bayan, Beirut, Mu'assasat al-A'lami lil-Matbu'at, Bugu na farko, 1415 Q.
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