Daƙiƙa:Karɓar Kuɗi A Kan Ayyukan Wajibi
 | Wannan wani rubutu ne na siffantawa game da wata ma'ana ta fiƙihu, kuma ba za ta iya zama ma'auni ga ayyukan addini ba, domin ayyukan addini sai a koma zuwa ga wasu madogaran na daban. |
| Sashe dagaHukunce-hukuncen Aiki da na Fiƙihu |
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Karɓar kuɗi a kan ayyukan wajibi na nufin karɓar lada ko albashi a madadin gudanar da ayyukan wajibi.[1] An fara tattauna wannan batu a wasu ibadu dabam-dabam, amma tun daga zamanin Shahidus Sani aka fara kallonsa a matsayin wata ƙa'ida ta fiƙihu,[2] sannan aka yi amfani da ita a fannoni daban-daban na fiƙihu, kamar sallah, shirya mamaci, da alƙalanci.[3]
Muhimmancinsa ya samo asali ne daga alaƙarsa da muhimman sana'o'i kamar likitanci da aikin shari'a, domin idan karɓar albashi a irin waɗannan ayyuka haramun ne, to dole ne a nemo wata hanya ta samar da abin da ma'aikatan waɗannan ayyuka za su riƙa dogaro da shi wajen rayuwarsu.[4]
Malaman fiƙihun Shi'a sun bambanta ra'ayi game da halaccin karɓar kuɗi a kan ayyukan wajibi. Wasu suna ganin cewa haramun ne gaba ɗaya, kuma kuɗin da aka karɓa haramun ne.[5] Sai dai Sayyid Abul Ƙasim Khuyi ya halatta hakan, yana ganin cewa karɓar kuɗi ba ya saɓa wa niyyar neman kusanci ga Allah.[6] Wasu malaman kuma sun bambanta tsakanin nau'o'in wajibai. Suna ganin cewa ba a halatta karɓar kuɗi a kan wajiban ibada da kuma wajibai da mutum ɗaya tak aka wajabta wa ba,[7] amma suna halatta shi a kan wajibai da ake son kawai a aiwatar da su da kuma wajibai na kifaya.[8]
Game da wajibai da suka shafi tsarin zamantakewa, kamar koyarwa da tarbiyya, aikin likita, shari'a da harkokin soja, waɗanda ake kira wajibai na tsarin al'umma, wasu malaman fiƙihu ba sa ganin ƙa'idar haramcin karɓar kuɗi a kansu ta shafi.[9] Dalili kuwa shi ne barin irin waɗannan ayyuka na iya jawo rushewar tsarin zamantakewa.[10] Haka kuma, duk da shaharar ƙa'idar haramcin karɓar kuɗi tun zamanin Ma'asumai (A.S), karɓar kuɗi domin irin waɗannan ayyuka ya kasance al'ada,[11] kuma hatta waɗanda suka ce haramun ne gaba ɗaya sukan ware waɗannan abubuwa a matsayin keɓantattu.[12]
Game da ayyukan mustahabbi ma akwai saɓanin ra'ayi. Waɗanda suka halatta karɓar kuɗi a kan ayyukan wajibi suna halatta shi a kan ayyukan mustahabbi ma.[13] Amma masu adawa da hakan suna ganin karɓar kuɗi a kan ayyukan mustahabbi abin makaruhi ne.[14]
Bayanin kula
- ↑ Musawi Bojnuwardi, Ƙawa'id Fiƙhiyya, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 165.
- ↑ Jabbar Gulbagi da abokan aikinsa, «Wakawiye Tarihiye Ƙa'idate Akhze Ujrat bar Wajibat ba Ruykard be Araye Sahibe Urwa,» shafi na 143.
- ↑ Burojerdi, «Tahlile Feƙhiye Mashru'iyyate Kasbe Daramad az Anjame Fe'le Wajib,» shafi na 27–28; Chupan Pasandabad, «Ƙa'ede-ye Hurmate Akhze Ujrat bar Wajibat,» shafi na 95; Muhammadi Razini, «Akhze Ujrat dar Hizanat az Manzare Feƙhe Islami,» shafi na 53.
- ↑ Fakhlai da Shaikhi, «Barresiye Eshkale Takhssis-napaziriye Ƙa'edeye Hurmate Akhze Ujrat bar Wajibat,» shafi na 26–27; Borujerdi, «Tahlile Feƙhiye Mashru'iyyate Kasbe Daramad az Anjame Fe'le Wajib,» shafi na 27–28.
- ↑ Shahidus Sani, Masalikul Afham, Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, juzu'i na 22, shafi na 116; Muƙaddas Ardabili, Majma' al-Fa'idah wa al-Burhan, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 89.
- ↑ Khuyi, Misbahul Faƙaha, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 460–466.
- ↑ Fakhrul Muhaƙƙiƙin, Idah al-Fawa'id, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 257; Ansari, Al-Makasib al-Muharrama, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 135; Imam Khomaini, Tahrirul Wasila, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 499.
- ↑ Ansari, Al-Makasib al-Muharrama, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 135; Imam Khomaini, Al-Makasib al-Muharrama, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 297–299; Musawi Bojnuwardi, Ƙawa'id Fiƙhiyya, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 168–169; Fakhlai da Shaikhi, «Barresiye Araye Fuƙaha dar Mowarede Munafate Akhze Ujrat ba Ƙasde Ƙurbat ba Ruykard be Didgahe Imam Khomaini,», shafi na 86.
- ↑ Fakhlai da Shaikhi, «Barresiye Eshkale Takhssis-napaziri-ye Ƙa'edeye Hurmate Akhze Ujrat bar Wajibat,» shafi na 26–27.
- ↑ Bahrul Ulum, Bulgatul Faƙih, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 5.
- ↑ Ansari, Al-Makasib al-Muharrama, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 137–138; Musawi Bojnuwardi, Ƙawa'id Fiƙhiyya, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 169–170; Makarim Shirazi, Anwar al-Faƙaha, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 416; Raja'ipour da Ƙarib, «Eshkale Mashhur dar Ujrat Khahi bar Wajibate Nizamiyya,» shafi na 123.
- ↑ Fakhlai da Shaikhi, «Barresiye Eshkale Takhssis-napaziri-ye Ƙa'edeye Hurmate Akhze Ujrat bar Wajibat,» shafi na 26.
- ↑ Modarresi, Barresiye Gostardeye Feƙhiye Ujrat bar Wajibat, Mostahabbat wa Foru-e Motanasib, shafi na 183.
- ↑ Shaikhi da abokan aikinsa, «Barresiye Asnade Qur'ani wa Riwayiye Ƙa'edeye Hurmate Akhze Ujrat bar Wajibat,» shafi na 131–135.
Nassoshi
- Ansari, Murtaza, Al-Makasib al-Muharrama, Qum, Kongra-ye Bozorgdasht-e Sheikh-e A'zam Ansari, 1415H.
- Bahrul Ulum, Sayyid Muhammad,Bulgatul Faƙih, Tehran, Maktabat al-Sadiƙ (A.S), 1403H.
- Borujerdi, Mustafa.«تحلیل فقهی مشروعیت کسب درآمد از انجام فعل واجب»، (Binciken fiƙihu kan halaccin samun kuɗin shiga ta hanyar aiwatar da aikin wajibi.), Mujallar Nazarin fiƙihu na Tushen Dokokin Musulunci, lamba ta 27, 2021M.
- Chupan Pasandabad, Muhammad.«قاعده حرمت اخذ اجرت بر واجبات»، (Ƙa'idar haramcin karɓar kuɗi a kan ayyukan wajibi), Mujallar Kwalejin Ilimin Addini ta Mashhad, lambobi 37–38, 1997M.
- Fakhlai, Muhammad Taƙi da Majid Riza Shaikhi, «بررسی آرای فقها در مورد منافات اخذ اجرت با قصد قربت با رویکردی بر دیدگاه امام خمینی»، (Binciken ra'ayoyin malaman fiƙihu game da ko karɓar kuɗi ya saɓa wa niyyar neman kusanci ga Allah, tare da mai da hankali kan ra'ayin Imam Khomaini), Mujallar wata uku-uku ta Bincike ta Matin, lamba ta 51, 2011M.
- Fakhlai, Muhammad Taƙi da Majid Riza Shaikhi,«بررسی اشکال تخصیصناپذیری قاعده حرمت اخذ اجرت بر واجبات»، (Binciken matsalar rashin yiwuwar ware wasu abubuwa daga ka'idar haramcin karɓar kuɗin aiki kan wajibai), Mujallar Koyarwar fiƙihun Farar Hula, lamba ta 4, 2011M.
- Fakhrul Muhaƙƙiƙin, Muhammad Bin Hassan, Idah al-Fawa'id, Qum, Cibiyar Isma'iliyan, 1387H.
- Imam Khomaini, Sayyid Ruhullah, Al-Makasib al-Muharrama, Tehran, Cibiyar Tanzim wa Nashr Asar Imam Khomaini, 1415H.
- Imam Khomaini, Sayyid Ruhullah, Tahrirul Wasila, Tehran, Cibiyar Tanzim wa Nashr Asar Imam Khomaini, 1377Sh.
- Khuyi, Sayyid Abul Ƙasim, Misbahul Faƙaha, Qum, Mawallafar Ansariyan, 19417H.
- Modarresi Yazdi, Sayyid Muhammad Riza, Barresiye Gostardeye Feƙhiye Ujrat bar Wajibat Mostahabbat wa Foru-e Motanasib, Qum, Dar al-Tafsir, 1392Sh.
- Muhammadi Razini, Sattar da Mu'azzama Sefarzadeh da Muhammad Ali Najibi, «Akhze Ujrat dar Hizanat az Manzare Feƙhe Islami,» (Karɓar Kuɗin Aiki a Kula da Yara bisa Ra'ayin Fiƙihun Musulunci), Mujallar wata uku-uku ta Nazarin fiƙihun Imamiyya, lamba ta 20, 1402Sh/2023M.
- Muƙaddas Ardabili, Ahmad, Majma' al-Fa'idah wa al-Burhan, Qum, Intisharate Islami, 1403H.
- Musawi Bojnuwardi, Sayyid Muhammad, Ƙawa'id Fiƙhiyya, Tehran, Cibiyar Urug, 1401H.
- Najafi, Muhammad Hasan, Jawahirul Kalam fi Sharh Shara'i al-Islam, gyara daga Abbas Quchani da Ali Akhundi, Beirut, Dar Ihya al-Turas al-Arabi, bugu na bakwai, 1362Sh.
- Rajai-Pur, Mustafa da Muhammad Qarib Tarazah,«اشکال مشهور در اجرت خواهی بر واجبات نظامیه»، (Shahararren abin suka game da neman kuɗi a kan wajibai na tsarin al'umma), Mujallar fiƙihu da Tarihin Wayewa, shekara ta shida, lamba ta 1, 2009M
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- Shikhi, Majid Riza, Mohsin Jahangiri da Abbasali Soltani, «بررسی اسناد قرآنی و روایی قاعده حرمت اخذ اجرت بر واجبات»، (Binciken hujjojin Alƙur'ani da ruwayoyi na ƙa'idar haramcin karɓar kuɗi a kan ayyukan wajibi), Mujallar wata uku-uku Nazarin Musulunci: fiƙihu da Usul, lamba ta 98, 2014M.
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«واکاوی تاریخی قاعده اخذ اجرت بر واجبات با رویکرد به آراء صاحب عروه»، (Binciken tarihi na ƙa'idar karɓar kuɗi a kan ayyukan wajibi, tare da mai da hankali kan ra'ayoyin marubucin Al-Urwa), Mujallar wata uku-uku ta Bincike kan fiƙihu da Dokokin Musulunci, lamba ta 42, 2015M.