Daƙiƙa:Karɓar Kuɗi A Kan Ayyukan Wajibi
 | Wannan wani rubutu ne na siffantawa game da wata ma'ana ta fiƙihu, kuma ba za ta iya zama ma'auni ga ayyukan addini ba, domin ayyukan addini sai a koma zuwa ga wasu madogaran na daban. |
| Sashe dagaHukunce-hukuncen Aiki da na Fiƙihu |
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Karɓar kuɗi a kan ayyukan wajibi na nufin karɓar lada ko albashi a madadin gudanar da ayyukan da Shari'a ta wajabta.[1] An fara tattauna wannan batu a wasu ibadu dabam-dabam, amma tun daga zamanin Shahidus Sani aka fara kallonsa a matsayin wata ƙa'ida ta fiƙihu,[2] sannan aka yi amfani da ita a fannoni daban-daban na fiƙihu, kamar sallah, shirya mamaci, da alƙalanci.[3]
Muhimmancinsa ya samo asali ne daga alaƙarsa da muhimman sana’o’i kamar likitanci da aikin shari’a, domin idan karɓar albashi a irin waɗannan ayyuka haramun ne, to dole ne a nemo wata hanya ta samar da abin da ma’aikatan waɗannan ayyuka za su riƙa dogaro da shi wajen rayuwarsu.[4]
Malaman fiƙihun Shi'a sun bambanta ra'ayi game da halaccin karɓar kuɗi a kan ayyukan wajibi. Wasu suna ganin cewa haramun ne gaba ɗaya, kuma kuɗin da aka karɓa haramun ne.[5] Sai dai Sayyid Abul Ƙasim Khuyi ya halatta hakan, yana ganin cewa karɓar kuɗi ba ya saɓa wa niyyar neman kusanci ga Allah.[6] Wasu malaman kuma sun bambanta tsakanin nau'o'in wajibai. Suna ganin cewa ba a halatta karɓar kuɗi a kan wajiban ibada da kuma wajibai da mutum ɗaya tak aka wajabta wa ba,[7] amma suna halatta shi a kan wajibai da ake son kawai a aiwatar da su da kuma wajibai na kifaya.[8]
Game da wajibai da suka shafi tsarin zamantakewa, kamar koyarwa da tarbiyya, aikin likita, shari'a da harkokin soja, waɗanda ake kira wajibai na tsarin al'umma, wasu malaman fiƙihu ba sa ganin ƙa'idar haramcin karɓar kuɗi a kansu ta shafi.[9] Dalili kuwa shi ne barin irin waɗannan ayyuka na iya jawo rushewar tsarin zamantakewa.[10] Haka kuma, duk da shaharar ƙa'idar haramcin karɓar kuɗi tun zamanin Ma'asumai (A.S), karɓar kuɗi domin irin waɗannan ayyuka ya kasance al'ada,[11] kuma hatta waɗanda suka ce haramun ne gaba ɗaya sukan ware waɗannan abubuwa a matsayin keɓantattu.[12]
Game da ayyukan mustahabbi ma akwai saɓanin ra'ayi. Waɗanda suka halatta karɓar kuɗi a kan ayyukan wajibi suna halatta shi a kan ayyukan mustahabbi ma.[13] Amma masu adawa da hakan suna ganin karɓar kuɗi a kan ayyukan mustahabbi abin makaruhi ne.[14]
Bayanin kula
- ↑ Mūsawi Bajnuwarrdi, Ƙawa’id Fiƙhiyya, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 165.
- ↑ Jabbar Gulbaghi da abokan aikinsa, «Wakawi-ye Tarihi-ye Qa’idat-e Akhz-e Ujrat bar Wajibat ba Ruykard be Ara-ye Sahib-e Urwa», shafi na 143.
- ↑ Burojirdi, «Tahlil-e Feƙhi-ye Mashru'iyyat-e Kasb-e Daramad az Anjam-e Fe'l-e Wajib», sh. 27–28; Chupan Pasandabad, «Ƙa'ede-ye Hurrmat-e Akhz-e Ujrat bar Wajibat», sh. 95; Muhammadi Razini, «Akhz-e Ujrat dar Hizanat az Manzar-e Feƙh-e Islami», sh. 53.
- ↑ Fakhlai da Shaikhi, «Barresi-ye Eshkal-e Takhssis-napaziri-ye Ƙa’ede-ye Hurrmat-e Akhz-e Ujrat bar Wajibat», sh. 26–27; Burojirdi, «Tahlil-e Feƙhi-ye Mashru’iyyat-e Kasb-e Daramad az Anjam-e Fe’l-e Wajib», sh. 27–28.
- ↑ Shahidus Sani, Masalik al-Afham, Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, juzu’i na 22, shafi na 116; Muƙaddas Ardabili, Majma’ al-Fa’idah wa al-Burhan, juzu’i na 8, shafi na 89.
- ↑ Khuyi, Misbah al-Faƙaha, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 460–466.
- ↑ Fakhrul Muhaƙƙiƙin, Idah al-Fawa’id, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 257; Ansari, Al-Makasib al-Muharrama, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 135; Imam Khomaini, Tahrir al-Wasila, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 499.
- ↑ Ansari, Al-Makasib al-Muharrama, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 135; Imam Khomaini, Al-Makasib al-Muharrama, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 297–299; Musawi Bajnuwardi, Ƙawa’id Fiƙhiyya, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 168–169; Fakhlai da Shaikhi, «Barresi-ye Ara-ye Fuƙaha dar Mowared-e Munafat-e Akhz-e Ujrat ba Ƙasd-e Ƙurbat ba Ruykard be Didgah-e Imam Khomaini», shafi na 86.
- ↑ Fakhlai da Shaikhi, «Barresi-ye Eshkal-e Takhssis-napaziri-ye Ƙa’ede-ye Hurrmat-e Akhz-e Ujrat bar Wajibat», shafi na 26–27.
- ↑ Bahrul Ulum, Bulghat al-Faƙih, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 5.
- ↑ Ansari, Al-Makasib al-Muharrama, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 137–138; Musawi Bajnuwarrdi, Al-Ƙawa’id al-Fiƙhiyya, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 169–170; Makarim Shirazi, Anwar al-Faƙaha, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 416; Raja’ipour da Ƙarib, «Eshkal-e Mashhur dar Ujrat Khahi bar Wajibat-e Nizamiyya», shafi na 123.
- ↑ Fakhlai da Shaikhi, «Barresi-ye Eshkal-e Takhssis-napaziri-ye Ƙa’ede-ye Hurrmat-e Akhz-e Ujrat bar Wajibat», shafi na 26.
- ↑ Modarresi, Barresi-ye Gostarde-ye Feqhi-ye Ujrat bar Wajibat, Mostahabbat wa Foru-e Motanasib, shafi na 183.
- ↑ Shaikhi da abokan aikinsa, «Barresi-ye Asnad-e ƙur’ani wa Riwayi-ye Ƙa’ede-ye Hurrmat-e Akhz-e Ujrat bar Wajibat», shafi na 131–135.
Nassoshi
- Ansari, Murtaza, Al-Makasib al-Muharrama, Qum, Kongra-ye Bozorgdasht-e Sheikh-e A'zam Ansari, 1415H.
- Bahr al-Ulum, Sayyid Muhammad, Bulghat al-Faƙih, Tehran, Maktabat al-Sadiƙ (A.S), 1403H.
- Borujerdi, Mustafa.«تحلیل فقهی مشروعیت کسب درآمد از انجام فعل واجب»، (Binciken fiƙihu kan halaccin samun kuɗin shiga ta hanyar aiwatar da aikin wajibi.), Mujallar Nazarin fiƙihu na Tushen Dokokin Musulunci, lamba ta 27, 2021M.
- Chupan Pasandabad, Muhammad.«قاعده حرمت اخذ اجرت بر واجبات»، (Ƙa'idar haramcin karɓar kuɗi a kan ayyukan wajibi), Mujallar Kwalejin Ilimin Addini ta Mashhad, lambobi 37–38, 1997M.
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- Fakhr al-Muhaƙƙiƙin, Muhammad Bin Hassan, Idah al-Fawa'id, Qum, Cibiyar Isma'iliyan, 1387H.
- Imam Khomaini, Sayyid Ruhullah, Al-Makasib al-Muharrama, Tehran, Cibiyar Tanzim wa Nashr Athar Imam Khomaini, 1415H.
- Imam Khomaini, Sayyid Ruhullah, Tahrir al-Wasila, Tehran, Cibiyar Tanzim wa Nashr Athar Imam Khomaini, 1377Sh.
- Khuyi, Sayyid Abul-Qasim, Misbah al-Faƙaha, Qum, Mawallafar Ansariyan, 19417H.
- Modarresi Yazdi, Sayyid Muhammad Riza, Barresi-ye Gostarde-ye Feqhi-ye Ujrat bar Wajibat, Mostahabbat wa Foru-e Motanasib, Qum, Dar al-Tafsir, 1392Sh.
- Muhammadi Razini, Sattar da Mu'azzama Sefarzadeh da Muhammad Ali Najibi, «Akhz-e Ujrat dar Hizanat az Manzar-e Feƙh-e Islami», Mujallar Nazarin fiƙihun Imamiyya, lamba ta 20, 1402Sh.
- Muƙaddas Ardabili, Ahmad, Majma' al-Fa'idah wa al-Burhan, Qum, Intisharat-e Islami, 1403H.
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- Najafi, Muhammad Hasan, Jawahirul Kalam fi Sharh Shara'i al-Islam, gyara daga Abbas Quchani da Ali Akhundi, Beirut, Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, bugu na bakwai, 1362Sh.
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«واکاوی تاریخی قاعده اخذ اجرت بر واجبات با رویکرد به آراء صاحب عروه»، (Binciken tarihi na ƙa'idar karɓar kuɗi a kan ayyukan wajibi, tare da mai da hankali kan ra'ayoyin marubucin Al-Urwah), Mujallar Bincike kan fiƙihu da Dokokin Musulunci, lamba ta 42, 2015M.