Shirya Gawar Mamaci

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Wannan wata ƙasida ce ta siffantawa da aka rubutata dangane da mafhumi na fiƙihu, wannan ƙasida ba za ta iya zama matsayin ma'aunin ayyukan addini ba. Domin ayyyuka na addini sai a koma a duba wasu litattafan addini daban.
Risala Ilmiyya

Shirya gawar mamaci, (Larabci: تجهيز الميت) Magana ce kan shirya gawar mamaci da marhalolin binne shi gawar mamaci musulmi, shirya mamaci wajibi kifa'i ne(idan wasu suka sauke shi ya faɗi daga wuyan saura), bayan tabbatar da mutuwar wani musulmi wajibi ne a yi masa wankan gawa, yin tahniɗ, likkafani, sallar gawa da binne gawa, su ne abin da ake kira da marhalolin shirya gawar mamaci, wanda ya fi dacewa da yin wannan ayyyuka shi ne Waliyyin mamaci, sannan za a cire kuɗaɗen da za ayi amfani da su cikin shirya mamaci daga asalin dukiyar mamacin, Malaman fiƙihu cikin muƙaddimar shirya mamaci sun bayanin ladubba da hukunce-hukunce kan wanda ake daf da cire ransa daga misalin fuskantar da shi ya kalli alƙibla da laƙƙana masa kalmomin shahada.

Marhalolin Shirya Gawar Mamaci

Asalin Maƙala: Wanka, Tahniɗ, Likkafani Sallar gawa da Binne gawa'

Shirya mamaci Magana ce kan shirya jana'izarsa domin binne shi [1] cikin litattafan fiƙihu an yi bayanin marhalolin shirya jana'iza bayan tabbatar da mutuwa: [2] 1. Wanka: za a wanke gawar mamaci sau uku, na farko da ruwan da aka cuɗanya shi da ƙanƙanin miƙdarin magarya, na biyub a wanke da ruwan da aka sanyawa kafur, na uku na ƙarshe sai a wanke shi da tsuran ruwa. [3] idan ba a samu magarya da kafur ba, za a wadatu da wanke da shi tsuran ruwa, [4] idan kuma hatta tsuran ruwa ya gagara samu sai a yi masa taimama. [5]

2. Shafa tahniɗ, wajibi ne Shafa hanuɗ a gawa [6] shafa hanuɗ yana nufin goggoga kafur a wurare bakwai na sujjada ma'ana goshi, tafin hannuwansa, gwiwowinsa biyu da fuskokin yatsun ƙafafu, a ra'ayin wasu malamai a haɗa da karan hanci. [7]

3. Likkafani: wajibi ne a lulluɓe gawa da likkafani, likkafani ya ƙunshi sassa uku daga dogon mayafi da za lulluɓe bakiɗayan jikinsa, [8]riga ƴar ciki da izari wanda zai lulluɓe abin da yake daga cibiyarsa zuwa ƙasa. [9]

4. Sallar gawa: wajibi ne kan musulmi su yi sallah kan jana'izar musulmi bayan wanka da sanya masa likkafani gabanin binne shi, ko da kuwa mamacin yaro ne ƙarami. [10]

5. Binne gawar mamaci: wajibi ne sanya mamaci cikin ƙabari tare da binne shi. [11]

A cewar Malaman fiƙihu fuskantar da gangar jikin mai shirin mutuwa zuwa ga fuskar alƙibla yana daga share fagen fara shirya mamaci, [12] a ra'ayinsu yin hakan yana daga wajibi, [13] kuma mustahabbi ne laƙanta kalmomin shahada. [14]

Hukunce-hukuncen Shirya Gawar Mamaci

Cikin litattafan fiƙihun ambaci hukunce-hukunce da suke da dangantaka da shirya gawar mamaci. [15] wasu ba'ari daga cikinsu sun kasance kamar haka:

  • Shirya gawar mamaci wajibi ne kifa'i. [16] na'am muhaddis bahrani yana ganinsa matsayin wajibi aini kan waliyin mamaci[17] ma'aunin rattabuwar hukunce-hukuncen shirya mamaci musammam ma binne shi, ya ɗoru ne kan fara tabbatar da mutuwar wanda za a shirya gawarsa. [18]
  • Wanda ya fi cancanta da dacewa kan shirya gawar mamaci shi ne waliyin mamaci, 19 waliyin mamaci shi ne wanda ya rage daga magadan mamaci kan asasin ɗabaƙoƙin magada. [19]
  • Wajibi a nemi izinin waliyin mamaci kafin fara shirya gawarsa, [20] a mahangar Malaman fiƙihu wannan sharaɗi ba ya cin karo da kasancewar shirya mamaci wajibi kifa'i. [21]
  • Idan bakiɗayan ƴaƴan mamaci suka kasance kafirai, haƙƙinsu na neman izini daga gare su kan shirya gawarsa ya faɗi, wajibi kan musulmi su shirya shi ba tare neman iznin ƴaƴansa ba. [22]
  • A cewar marubucin littafin Riyad wanda ya rasu shekara 1231 h ƙamari, idan mamaci ya yi wasiyya ga wanda ba waliyinsa ba cikin shirya shi, bisa ra'ayin mashhur ɗin Malamai waliyinsa zai iya hana aiki da wannan wasiyya. [23] na'am bisa fatawar Sistani, [24] Makarim Shirazi, [25] Khamna'i, [26] ya fi dacewa shi wasiyyin ya nemi iznin waliyin mamaci shi kuma waliyi shima ya kamata ya ba shi izini.
  • Za a cire kuɗaɗen ladan shirya gawa daga asalin dukiyar mamaci kafin raba gadon da ya bari, [27] ana gabatar da cire kuɗin shirya mamaci kan biya masa bashi da aiki da wasiyyar da ya yi. [28]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Tabatabaei Yazdi, Al-Urwa Al-Wuthghati, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 22.
  2. ↑ Tabataba'i Yazdi, Al-Urwa Al-Wuthgahti, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 22; Sharifi Ashkouri, Muntakhab Faƙrat Faƙhieh, 2009, shafi na 65
  3. ↑ Tabataba'i Yazdi, Al-Urwa Al-Wuthgahti, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 46-47.
  4. ↑ Bahrani, Al-Hadaiƙ Al-Nadrah, Al-Nashar al-Islami Foundation, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 455.
  5. ↑ Tabataba'i Yazdi, Al-Arwa Al-Wuthghati, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 48.
  6. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 4, shafi 176; Hakim, Mustamsak Al-Urwa, 1388 Hijira, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 1185.
  7. ↑ Duba Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 176-179.
  8. ↑ Tabataba'i Yazdi, Al-urwa Al-Wuthghati, 1419 AH, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 402.
  9. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 2, shafi.456.
  10. ↑ Imam Khumaini, Tahrir al-Wasila, 1392, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 78.
  11. ↑ Tabatabaei Yazdi, Al-Arwa Al-Wughati, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 115.
  12. ↑ Shahid Thani, Al-Rawda Al-Bahiya, Al-Alami Publishing House, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 399.
  13. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 6.
  14. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 14.
  15. ↑ Tabatabaei Yazdi, Al-Arwa Al-Wuthghati, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 22.
  16. ↑ Misali duba: Sheikh ɗusi, Al-Mabusuɗ, 1387H, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 174: Mohaƙeƙ Hilli, Al-Mutbar, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 264: Khooi, Al-Tanƙih fi Sharh al- Urwa Al-Waƙhi, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 279; Imam Khumaini, Tahrir al-Wasila, 1392, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 65; Sistani, 1415 AH, shafi na 118.
  17. ↑ Bahrani, Al-Hada'eƙ Al-Nadrah, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 377.
  18. ↑ Behjat, Estif'ta'at, 1428 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 335; Makarem Shirazi, Estifta'at jadid, 1427 AH, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 483; Duba: Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 24.
  19. ↑ Mohaghegh Hilli, Al-Muthabbar fi Sharh al-Mukhtasar, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 264.
  20. ↑ Tabataba'i Yazdi, Al-Arwa Al-Wuthghati, Mujalladi na 2, shafi na 22; Sistani, Tauzihul Al-Masa'il Jame, 1396, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 287.
  21. ↑ Shahid Thani, Masalak Al-Afham, 1413 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 80; Khooi, Tanƙih fi Sharh Al-urwa al-Wuthghati, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 285.
  22. ↑ Bojnordi, ƙawa'id Fiƙhiyya, 1401 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 363.
  23. ↑ Tabataba'i, Riyad Al-Masa'il, 1418 AH, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 39.
  24. ↑ Sistani, Tauzihul Al-masa'ili, 1415 AH, shafi na 120.
  25. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Risalaeh Tauzihul Al-Masa'il, 1429 AH, shafi na 97.
  26. ↑ <a class="eɗternal teɗt" href="https://farsi.khamenei.ir/news-content?id=27841">«وصیت»</a>وبگاه دفتر حفظ و نشر آثار آیت‌الله خامنه‌ای
  27. ↑ Tabatabaei Yazdi, Al-Urwa Al-Wuthghati, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 71.
  28. ↑ Misali, duba: Allama Hilli, ƙawa'ed Al-Ahkam, 1413 AH, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 228; Tabataba'i Yazdi, Al-Urwa Al-Wuthghati, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 71.
  29. ↑ Misali, duba: Naraghi, Mustanad Al-Shi'a, Muassaseh. Al-Bait, juzu'i na 14, shafi na 175; Ansari, Kitab Al-Makasib, Tarath al-Sheikh al-Azam, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 125; Imam Khumaini, Tahrir al-Wasila, 1392, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 475; Sistani, Tauzihul Almasa'il, 1415 AH, shafi na 122.
  30. ↑ Shahid Awwal, Al-Doros Al-Shar'iyya, Al-Nashar al-Islami Publishing House, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 172.

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