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Ayar Najasar Mushrikai

Daga wikishia
Wannan maƙala ce dangane da najasar mushrikai. domin isɗilahin fiƙihu na wannan sunaa, ku duba shafin Najasar Kafirai
Ayar Najasar Mushrikai
bayanan aya
akwai shi cikin suraSuratul Tauba
lambar aya28
juzu’i10
sha’anin saukaNajasar Mushrikai da hana su shiga Masallacin Harami
bayanan abin da yake ciki
wurin saukaMadina
maudu’iFiƙihu


Ayar najasar mushrikai, (Larabci: الآية نجاسة المشركين) aya ta 28 suratul tauba, wace take hana mushrikai shiga masallacin harami sakamakon kasancewarsu najasa.

Ba'arin malaman fiƙihu na shi'a, suna ganin wannan aya dalili ce da yake tabbatar da najasar waɗanda ba musulmi ba, daidai lokacin da wasu suke da ra'ayin cewa kalmar najasa a wannan wuri tana da ma'anar najasa ta baɗini, bawai najasa da ma'anar fiƙihu ba, kuma ba za a iya amfani da wannan ay aba kan tabbatar da najasar kafirai.

A cewar malaman tafsiri, wannan aya ta sauka a shekarar ta 9 bayan hijira, kuma Imam Ali (A.S) ne ya isar da saƙonta tare da ayoyin bara'a

Nassin Aya Tare Da Gabatarwa

Aya ta 28 suratul tauba, ta buƙaci muminai ka da su sake barin mushrikai su shiga masallacin harami, sakamakon kasancewarsu najasa.[1]

A cewar malaman tafsiri, wannan aya ta sauka a shekara ta tara bayan hijira[2] kuma ɗaya ce daga cikin umarnoni da aka umarci Imam Ali (A.S) ya karantawa mushrikai a lokacin taron aikin hajji tare da ayoyin bara'a.[3]

Cikin ba'arin litattafan fiƙihu, an kawo wannan aya a matsayin ɗaya daga dalilai kan najasar kafirai[4] an kuma dogara da ita kan tabbatar da najasar kafirai.[5]

يا أَيُّهَا الَّذينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْمُشْرِكُونَ نَجَسٌ فَلا يَقْرَبُوا الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرامَ بَعْدَ عامِهِمْ هذا وَ إِنْ خِفْتُمْ عَيْلَةً فَسَوْفَ يُغْنيكُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ إِنْ شاءَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَليمٌ حَكيمٌ
Ya ku waɗanda suka yi imani! Lallai mushrikai najasa ne, don haka kada su kusanci Masallacin Harami bayan wannan shekararsu. Idan kuma kun ji tsoron talauci (saboda katse hulɗa da su), to Allah zai wadatar da ku daga falalarsa idan Ya so. Lallai Allah Masani ne, Mai Hikima.


(Quran: Tauba: Aya ta 28)


Jingina Da Wannan Aya Kan Tabbatar Da Najasar Kafirai

Najasar Kafirai Aya 28 suratul tauba, aya ce da malaman fiƙihu suka yi saɓani cikinta kan tabbatar da najasar kafirai.[6] Saɓani cikin fassara Kalmar “Najas” tsakanin ma'anar lugga (ƙazantar halaye) da ma'anar fiƙihu (Najasa ta shari'a) ya haifar da mahangu guda biyu:[7] Ba'arin malaman fiƙihu sun tafi kan ma'ana ta laugga, da wannan dalili ne suke da ra'ayin cewa ba za a iya dogara da wannan aya cikin tabbatar da najasar kafirai.[8] Wasu jama'a tare da jingina da shaidar hana mushrikai shiga masallacin harami, sun fassara wannan kalma da ma'ana ta fiƙihu (Najasar shari'a) wannan aya dalili ce kan najasar zatin kafirai.[9]

Har ila yau, sun yi saɓani game da wane ne yake amsa sunan mushriki; wasu suna ganin masu bautar gumaka sune kaɗai suke amsa sunan mushrikai,[10] Wasu jama'a suna lissafa Ahlul-Kitabi cikin mushrikai,[11] Wasu malamai misalin Shaik Ansari, sun yi imani wannan hukunci ya keɓanci mushrikan zamanin saukar ayar.[12]

Malaman fiƙihu, tare da jingina da wannan aya, suna ganin haramcin shigar mushrikai masallacin harami.[13] Na'am idan an iya tabbatar da najasarsu a shari'ance to shigarsu sauran masallatai ma ya haramta.[14]

Damuwar Musulmai Daga Katse Hulɗoɗin Kasuwanci Da Mushrikai

A cewar malaman tafsiri, bayan isar da hukuncin hana mushrikai aiki hajji da hana su shiga masallacin harami, musulmai sun shiga damuwar katsewar hulɗoɗin kasuwanci da mushrikai; da wannan ne a ci gaban ayar, Allah ya yi alƙawari tare da falalarsa zai wadata musulmai.[15]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Sabzevari Najafi, Irshad al-Azhan, 1419 AH, Juzu'i 1, shafi na 196.
  2. ↑ Tabatabaei, Al-Mizan, 1393 AH, juzu'i 9, shafi na 218
  3. ↑ Tabataba'i, Al-Mizan, 1393 AH, Juzu'i. 9, shafi. 218; Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir al-Namuneh, 1374 AH, juzu'i. 7, shafi. 348.
  4. ↑ Misali, duba Bahr al-Uloom, Masabih al-Ahkam, 1427 AH, juzu'i. 1, shafi na 346.
  5. ↑ Misali, duba Najafi, Jawaher al-Kalam, 1362 AH, juzu’i na 6, shafi na 42; Hamadani, Misbah al-Faqih, 1422 AH, juzu'i. 7, shafi na 235.
  6. ↑ Misali, duba Najafi, Jawaher al-Kalam, 1362 AH, juzu’i na 6, shafi. 42; Hamadani, Misbah al-Faqih, 1422 AH, juzu'i. 7, shafi. 235.
  7. ↑ Duba Hamadani, Misbah al-Faqih, 1422H, juzu'i. 8, shafi. 46.
  8. ↑ Khoi, Mausu'atu Al-imam Khoyi, 1418 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 39-40; Haeri Yazdi, Sharh al-Arwa al-Wusgati, 1425 AH, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 449.
  9. ↑ Fadel Javad, Masalak al-Afham Ila Ayat Kur'an, 1365 AH, juzu'i. 1, shafi na 101; Hamadani, Misbah al-Faqih, 1422 AH, juzu'i. 8, shafi. 46.
  10. ↑ Fakhr al-Razi, Al-Tafsir al-Kabir, 1420 AH, juzu'i. 16, shafi. 21.
  11. ↑ Fadel Jawad, Masalak al-Ifham Ila Ayat Alqur'an 1365 AH, juzu'i. 1, shafi na 100; Fakhr al-Razi, Tafsir al-Kabir, 1420 AH, juzu'i. 16, shafi. 21; Hamadani, Misbah al-Faqih, 1422 AH, juzu'i. 7, shafi na. 235.
  12. ↑ Sheikh Ansari, Kitab al-Tahara, 1415 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 101.
  13. ↑ Sheikh Tusi, Al-Khilaf, 1404H, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 518; Hamadani, Misbah al-Faqih, 1422 AH, juzu'i. 8, shafi. 46.
  14. ↑ Sheikh Tusi, Al-Mabsut fi fiqhu al-Imamiyah, 1387 AH, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 47; Rawandi, Fiqhu al-Qur’an, 1405 AH, juzu’i. 1, shafi na 158; Sheikh Tusi, Al-Khilaf, 1404H, juzu'i. 1,shafi na 518; Hamadani, Misbah al-Faqih, 1422 AH, juzu'i. 8, shafi na 46.
  15. ↑ Tabarsi, Majma' al-Bayan, 1415 AH, juzu'i. 5, shafi na 38-39; Fakhr al-Razi, al-Tafsir al-Kabir, 1420 AH, juzu'i. 16, shafi na. 21; Tabataba'i, al-Mizan, 1393 AH, juzu'i. 9, shafi na 229.

Nassoshi

  • Bahr al-Uloom, Muhammad Mahdi bin Mortaza, Masabihul al-Ahkam, Kum, Maitham al-Tamar, 1427H.
  • Hairi Yazdi, Morteza, Sharh al-Uruwa al-Wuthgati, Qom, Al-Nashar al-Islami Foundation, 1425 AH.
  • Khoei, Sayyid Abul Qasim, Masu'atu Al-Imam Al-Khoei, Mu'assasa ta Farfado da Ayyukan Imam Al-Khoei, Qum, 1418H.
  • Sabzwari Najafi, Muhammad bin Habibullah, Irshad al-Azhan Ila Tafsir Qur'an, Beirut, Dar al-Taarif don bugawa, 1419 Hijira.
  • Sheikh Ansari, Morteza, Kitab al-Tahara, Qum, Al-Congres al-Alami a wajen tunawa da cika shekara biyu da haifuwar Sheikh Al-Azam Al-Ansari, shekara ta 1415 bayan hijira.
  • Sheikh Tusi, Muhammad bin Hassan, Al-Khilaf, Qum, Al-Nashar al-Islami Foundation, 1407H.
  • Sheikh Tusi, Muhammad bn Hassan, Al-Mabsut fi fiqhu al-Imamiyah, Tehran, Al-Murtazawiyya Library for the Revival of Al-Jaafariyya Antiquities, bugu na uku, 1387H.
  • Tabatabai, Sayyid Muhammad Hussein, Al-Mizan fi tafsirin al-Qur'an, Beirut, Al-Alamyyah Publishing House, 1393H.
  • Tabarsi, Fadl ibn Hassan, Majma’ al-Bayan fi tafsir al-Quran, Beirut, Al-Alamyyah Publishing House, 1415 AH.
  • Fadl Jawad, Jawad ibn Saeed, Masalak al-Afham ila ayatul Quran, Tehran, Al-Murtazawiyya Publishing House, 1365H.
  • Fakhr al-Din Razi, Muhammad ibn Omar, Mafatih al-Ghayb, Beirut, Dar Ihya al-Turat al-Arab, 1420 AH.
  • Najafi, Muhammad Hassan, Jawaher al-Kalam, Beirut, Dar Ihya al-Turat al-Arab, 1362H.
  • Makarem Shirazi, Nasser, Tafsir al-Namuneh, Tehran, Darul Kutb al-Islamiyah, 1374H.
  • Hamdani, Aghareza, Misbahul al-Faqih, Qum, Mu'assasa ta Farfado da Al'adar Al-Jaafari, 1422H.
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