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Ayar Najasar Mushrikai

Daga wikishia
Wannan maƙala ce dangane da najasar mushrikai. domin isɗilahin fiƙihu na wannan sunaa, ku duba shafin Najasar Kafirai
Ayar Najasar Mushrikai
bayanan aya
akwai shi cikin suraSuratul Tauba
lambar aya28
juzu’i10
sha’anin saukaNajasar Mushrikai da hana su shiga Masallacin Harami
bayanan abin da yake ciki
wurin saukaMadina
maudu’iFiƙihu


Ayar najasar mushrikai, (Larabci: الآية نجاسة المشركين) aya ta 28 suratul tauba, wace take hana mushrikai shiga masallacin harami sakamakon kasancewarsu najasa.

Ba'arin malaman fiƙihu na shi'a, suna ganin wannan aya dalili ce da yake tabbatar da najasar waɗanda ba musulmi ba, daidai lokacin da wasu suke da ra'ayin cewa kalmar najasa a wannan wuri tana da ma'anar najasa ta baɗini, bawai najasa da ma'anar fiƙihu ba, kuma ba za a iya amfani da wannan ay aba kan tabbatar da najasar kafirai.

A cewar malaman tafsiri, wannan aya ta sauka a shekarar ta 9 bayan hijira, kuma Imam Ali (A.S) ne ya isar da saƙonta tare da ayoyin bara'a

Nassin Aya Tare Da Gabatarwa

Aya ta 28 suratul tauba, ta buƙaci muminai ka da su sake barin mushrikai su shiga masallacin harami, sakamakon kasancewarsu najasa.[1]

A cewar malaman tafsiri, wannan aya ta sauka a shekara ta tara bayan hijira[2] kuma ɗaya ce daga cikin umarnoni da aka umarci Imam Ali (A.S) ya karantawa mushrikai a lokacin taron aikin hajji tare da ayoyin bara'a.[3]

Cikin ba'arin litattafan fiƙihu, an kawo wannan aya a matsayin ɗaya daga dalilai kan najasar kafirai[4] an kuma dogara da ita kan tabbatar da najasar kafirai.[5]

يا أَيُّهَا الَّذينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْمُشْرِكُونَ نَجَسٌ فَلا يَقْرَبُوا الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرامَ بَعْدَ عامِهِمْ هذا وَ إِنْ خِفْتُمْ عَيْلَةً فَسَوْفَ يُغْنيكُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ إِنْ شاءَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَليمٌ حَكيمٌ
Ya ku waɗanda suka yi imani! Lallai mushrikai najasa ne, don haka kada su kusanci Masallacin Harami bayan wannan shekararsu. Idan kuma kun ji tsoron talauci (saboda katse hulɗa da su), to Allah zai wadatar da ku daga falalarsa idan Ya so. Lallai Allah Masani ne, Mai Hikima.


(Quran: Tauba: Aya ta 28)


Jingina Da Wannan Aya Kan Tabbatar Da Najasar Kafirai

Najasar Kafirai Aya 28 suratul tauba, aya ce da malaman fiƙihu suka yi saɓani cikinta kan tabbatar da najasar kafirai.[6] Saɓani cikin fassara Kalmar “Najas” tsakanin ma'anar lugga (ƙazantar halaye) da ma'anar fiƙihu (Najasa ta shari'a) ya haifar da mahangu guda biyu:[7] Ba'arin malaman fiƙihu sun tafi kan ma'ana ta laugga, da wannan dalili ne suke da ra'ayin cewa ba za a iya dogara da wannan aya cikin tabbatar da najasar kafirai.[8] Wasu jama'a tare da jingina da shaidar hana mushrikai shiga masallacin harami, sun fassara wannan kalma da ma'ana ta fiƙihu (Najasar shari'a) wannan aya dalili ce kan najasar zatin kafirai.[9]

Har ila yau, sun yi saɓani game da wane ne yake amsa sunan mushriki; wasu suna ganin masu bautar gumaka sune kaɗai suke amsa sunan mushrikai,[10] Wasu jama'a suna lissafa Ahlul-Kitabi cikin mushrikai,[11] Wasu malamai misalin Shaik Ansari, sun yi imani wannan hukunci ya keɓanci mushrikan zamanin saukar ayar.[12]

Malaman fiƙihu, tare da jingina da wannan aya, suna ganin haramcin shigar mushrikai masallacin harami.[13] Na'am idan an iya tabbatar da najasarsu a shari'ance to shigarsu sauran masallatai ma ya haramta.[14]

Damuwar Musulmai Daga Katse Hulɗoɗin Kasuwanci Da Mushrikai

A cewar malaman tafsiri, bayan isar da hukuncin hana mushrikai aiki hajji da hana su shiga masallacin harami, musulmai sun shiga damuwar katsewar hulɗoɗin kasuwanci da mushrikai; da wannan ne a ci gaban ayar, Allah ya yi alƙawari tare da falalarsa zai wadata musulmai.[15]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Sabzevari Najafi, Irshad al-Azhan, 1419ƙ, Juzu'i 1, shafi na 196.
  2. ↑ Tabatabaei, Al-Mizan, 1393ƙ, juzu'i 9, shafi na 218
  3. ↑ Tabataba'i, Al-Mizan, 1393ƙ, Juzu'i. 9, shafi. 218; Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir al-Namuneh, 1374SH, juzu'i. 7, shafi. 348.
  4. ↑ Misali, duba Bahr al-Uloom, Masabih al-Ahkam, 1427ƙ, juzu'i. 1, shafi na 346.
  5. ↑ Misali, duba Najafi, Jawaher al-Kalam, 1362SH, juzu’i na 6, shafi na 42; Hamadani, Misbah al-Faqih, 1422ƙ, juzu'i. 7, shafi na 235.
  6. ↑ Misali, duba Najafi, Jawaher al-Kalam, 1362SH, juzu’i na 6, shafi. 42; Hamadani, Misbah al-Faqih, 1422ƙ, juzu'i. 7, shafi. 235.
  7. ↑ Duba Hamadani, Misbah al-Faqih, 1422ƙ, juzu'i. 8, shafi. 46.
  8. ↑ Khoyi, Mausu'atu Al-imam Khoyi, 1418ƙ, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 39-40; Haeri Yazdi, Sharh al-Arwa al-Wusgati, 1425ƙ, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 449.
  9. ↑ Fadel Javad, Masalak al-Afham Ila Ayat Kur'an, 1365SH, juzu'i. 1, shafi na 101; Hamadani, Misbah al-Faqih, 1422ƙ, juzu'i. 8, shafi. 46.
  10. ↑ Fakhr al-Razi, Al-Tafsir al-Kabir, 1420ƙ, juzu'i. 16, shafi. 21.
  11. ↑ Fadel Jawad, Masalak al-Ifham Ila Ayat Alqur'an 1365SH, juzu'i. 1, shafi na 100; Fakhr al-Razi, Tafsir al-Kabir, 1420ƙ, juzu'i. 16, shafi. 21; Hamadani, Misbah al-Faqih, 1422ƙ, juzu'i. 7, shafi na. 235.
  12. ↑ Sheikh Ansari, Kitab al-Tahara, 1415ƙ, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 101.
  13. ↑ Sheikh Tusi, Al-Khilaf, 1404ƙ, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 518; Hamadani, Misbah al-Faqih, 1422ƙ, juzu'i. 8, shafi. 46.
  14. ↑ Sheikh Tusi, Al-Mabsut fi fiqhu al-Imamiyah, 1387SH, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 47; Rawandi, Fiqhu al-Qur’an, 1405ƙ, juzu’i. 1, shafi na 158; Sheikh Tusi, Al-Khilaf, 1404ƙ, juzu'i. 1,shafi na 518; Hamadani, Misbah al-Faqih, 1422ƙ, juzu'i. 8, shafi na 46.
  15. ↑ Tabarsi, Majma' al-Bayan, 1415 AH, juzu'i. 5, shafi na 38-39; Fakhr al-Razi, al-Tafsir al-Kabir, 1420 AH, juzu'i. 16, shafi na. 21; Tabataba'i, al-Mizan, 1393 AH, juzu'i. 9, shafi na 229.

Nassoshi

  • Bahr al-Uloom, Muhammad Mahdi bin Mortaza, Masabihul al-Ahkam, Ƙum, Mawallafar Maitham al-Tamar, 1427ƙ.
  • Hairi Yazdi, Morteza, Sharh al-Uruwa al-Wuthgati, Ƙum, Gidauniyar Al-Nashar ta Musulunci, 1425ƙ.
  • Khoyi, Sayyid Abul ƙasim, Masu'atu Al-Imam Al-Khoei, Gidauniyar Farfado da Ayyukan Imam Al-Khoyi, Ƙum, 1418ƙ.
  • Sabzewari Najafi, Muhammad bin Habibullah, Irshad al-Azhan Ila Tafsir ƙur'an, Beirut, Dar al-Taarif don bugawa, 1419ƙ.
  • Sheikh Ansari, Morteza, Kitab al-Tahara, Ƙum,Babban taro na ƙasa da ƙasa a wajen tunawa da cika shekara ɗari biyu da haifuwar Sheikh Al-Azam Al-Ansari, shekara ta 1415ƙ.
  • Sheikh Tusi, Muhammad bin Hassan, Al-Khilaf, Ƙum, 1407ƙ.
  • Sheikh Tusi, Muhammad bn Hassan, Al-Mabsut fi fiƙhu al-Imamiyah, Tehran, Laburaren Al-Murtazawiyya domin Farfado da Kayayyakin Tarihi na Al-Ja’afariyya, bugu na uku, 1387SH.
  • Tabatabai, Sayyid Muhammad Hussein, Al-Mizan fi tafsirin al-ƙur'an, Beirut, Gidan Wallafa na Al-Alamyyah, 1393SH.
  • Tabarsi, Fadl ibn Hassan, Majma’ al-Bayan fi tafsir al-ƙur'an, Beirut, Gidan Wallafa na Al-Alamyyah, 1415ƙ.
  • Fadl Jawad, Jawad ibn Saeed, Masalak al-Afham ila ayatul ƙur'an, Tehran, Gidan Wallafa na Almartazawiyya, 1365SH.
  • Fakhr al-Din Razi, Muhammad ibn Omar, Mafatih al-Ghayb, Beirut, Gidan wallafa na Dar Ihya al-Turat al-Arab, 1420ƙ.
  • Najafi, Muhammad Hassan, Jawaher al-Kalam, Beirut, Gidan wallafa na Dar Ihya al-Turat al-Arab, 1362SH.
  • Makarem Shirazi, Nasser, Tafsir al-Namuneh, Tehran, Mawallafar Darul Kutb al-Islamiyah, 1374SH.
  • Hamdani, Aghareza, Misbahul al-Faƙih, Ƙum, Gidauniyar Farfado da Al'adar Al-Jaafari, 1422ƙ.

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