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Fatawar Jihadi Ta Muhammad Taƙiyyu Shirazi

Daga wikishia

Fatawar jihadi Ko fatawar kare kai ta Muhammad Taƙiyyu Shirazi, (LArabci: فتوى الجهاد للميرزا محمد تقي الشيرازي) wata shahararriyar fatawa ce domin ƙalubalantar mamaye ƙasar Iraƙ da Ingila ta yi a shekarar 1920 miladiyya Muhammad Taƙiyyu Shirazi (Rayuwa: 1256-1338 h ƙamari) wanda aka fi sani da Mirzayi na biyu, ɗaya ne daga cikin shahararrun malaman Shi'a da yake zaune a Iraƙ. Cikin wannnan fatawa ya halasta yaƙar ƴan mulkin mallakar Ingila idan suka ƙi amincewa da buƙatun al'ummar Iraƙi. Wannan fatawa tasa ta samu karɓuwa a wurin malamai da ɗaliban ilimin addini, wasu adadi daga malamai su ma sun fitar da ƙarin fatawowi kan hukuncin jihadi.

Dalilin fitar da wannan fatawa ya kasance sakamakon mamaye Iraƙi a lokacin yaƙin duniya na biyu da Ingila ta yi da kuma shelanta cin gashin kan wannan ƙasa tare da nuna adawa da mamaya da mulkin mallaka a wannan yanki, manufar wannan hukunci shi ne kwaɗaitar da baki ɗayan ƙabilu kan yaƙar ƴan mulkin mallaka na Ingila. Bayan wannan fatawa , jihadi kan turawan Ingila ya game kowa da kowa kuma shi ne sababin yunƙurin juyin juya hali a Iraƙi a shekarar 1920 miladiyya.

An ce wannan fatawa ta Mirzayi na biyu ta taka muhimmiyar rawa cikin samun cin gashin kai na ƙasar Iraƙi. Ayatullahi Shirazi, daɗi kan wannan fatawa, ya fitar da wata fatawar daban kan muradun Ingila a wannan yanki, kuma tare da aika wasiƙa zuwa yankuna daban-daban na Muslunci, ya jaddada tsayuwa ƙyam kan ƙalubalantar kama karyar Ingila.

Matsayi Da Muhimmanci

Fatawar jihadi ta Muhammad Taƙiyyi Shirazi, ta kasance shahararriyar fatawa[1] ta tarihi[2] da ya fitar da ita kan yaƙar mulkin mallakar Ingila a ƙasar Iraƙ. Wannan fatawar ta kasance sanadi da silar mafi muhimmancin miƙewa da bore kan ƴan mamayar Ingila,[3] ma'ana juyin juya hali na Iraƙi da ake kira da Sauratul Ishrin a shekarar 1920 miladiyya[4] kuma wani babban sauyi a tarihin wannan ƙasa.[5] An ce wannan fatawa, wani hukunci mai girgizawa da motsarwa wanda ya yi matuƙar tasiri cikin ayyana makomar mutanen Iraƙi da ƙasashe maƙotanta, ya kuma sanya ƴan mulkin mallaka cikin firgici da razana,[6] Har ila yau, wannan fatawa ta kafa harsashi da tubalin gagarumin yunƙuri da kafa cibiyoyin juyin juya halin Iraƙi.[7] Haka nan ta yi matuƙar tasiri cikin cin gashin wannan ƙasa.[8]

«مطالبة الحقوق واجبة علی العراقیین و یجب علیهم فی ضمن مطالباتهم رعایة السلم و الاَمن و یجوز لهم التوسل بالقوة الدفاعیة اذا امتنع انگلیز عن قبول مطالبهم[9]
Neman Haƙƙoƙi na wajibi kan Iraƙawa, haka yana wajabta a kansu cikin neman haƙƙoƙinsu su kiyaye zaman lafiya da tsaro, idan ƴan mulkin mallakar Ingila suka yi watsi da buƙatun mutanen Iraƙi, ya halasta ga mutanen Iraƙi su yi amfani da ƙarfi cikin kare kansu..


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Wannan fatawa ƙari kan kasancewar ta fatawar jihadi,[11] ana la'akari da ita matsayin fatawar kare kai[12] wannan fatawa ta samu karɓuwa a wurin da yawa-yawan malamai da ɗalibai, wasu adadi daga cikinsu su ma sun fitar da fatawowi kan ƙalubalantar Ingila.[13] Muhammad Taƙiyyu Shirazi wata huɗu bayan fitar da wannan fatawa Allah ya karɓi ransa, sai dai cewa rasuwar tasa ba ta kawo ko wane irin cikas ba ko sanyi jiki ga al'umma cikin ci gaban yunƙuri da juyin juya halin Iraƙi.[14]

Hasann Isa Hakim marubucin littafin “Al-Mufassal Fi Tarikhin Najafil Ashraf” ya yi imani cewa Muhammad Taƙiyyu Shieazi cikin fatawarSa, ya yi bayani ƙarara kan haƙiƙanin mene ne jihadi da kuma sharuɗɗansa na larura.[15] Ƙari Kan wannan fatawa tasa, ya rubuta wasu adadin wasiƙu tare da aikewa da su zuwa garuruwan musulmi daban-daban, tare da kiransu su miƙe su yi jihadi kan ƴan mulkin mallakar Ingila, ya kuma jaddara larurar fatattakarsu daga ƙasashen muslunci.[16]

Nazari Kan Wane ne Shi

Babban labari: Muhammad Taƙiyyu Shirazi

Mirza Muhammad Taƙiyyu Shirazi (Rayuwa: 1256-1338) wanda aka fi sani da Mirzayi na biyu, yana daga cikin manyan malamai shahararru na Shi'a mazaunin ƙasar Iraƙ, jagoran yunƙuri kan ƙalubalanta mulkin mallakar Ingila.[17] Mirzayi na biyu, Ya kasance malami da ya ja ragamar marja'iyyar shi'a a zamaninsa.[18]

Ya kasance malami da ya ɗauki kwararan matakai cikin lamurann siyasa na duniyar Muslunci, misalin farmakin ƙasar Italiya kan ƙasar Libya a shekarar 1911 miladiyya, da kuma harin Rasha kan ƙasar Iran a shekarar 1912 miladiyya.[19] Kamar yadda ya fitar da wasu fatawowin daban-daban kan Ingila a Iraƙ.[20] Mirzayi Muhammad Taƙiyyu a ranar 13 ga watan Zil-Hijja shekarar 1338 hijir ƙamari, a lokacin yunƙurin mutanen Iraƙi kan Ingila ne ya rasu, kuma aka binne shi a garin Karbala.[21]

Dalilan Fitar Da Wannan Fatawa

Bayan kaɗa gangar yaƙin duniya na farko, ƙasar Ingila domin ɗaukar mataki kan mamayar Jamus, ta yi gamgamin soja ta kai hari kan ƙasar Iraƙi wace a lokacin take ƙarƙashin ikon daular Usmaniyya, bayan wannan hari ne ta karɓe iko kan garin Fawa, bayan Basara da garuruwan da suke geffanta.[22] Mamayar Ingila cikin Iraƙi, ya sanya mutanen Iraƙi shiga cikin damuwa daga ikon Kafirai kan garuruwan Muslunci da daka wawaso kan dukiya da ma'adanai na fetur, ba tare da ɓata lokaci sai suka yi sauri suka koma wurin malaman addini domin samun fatawar jihadi.[23] Daular Usmaniyya ita ma ta nemi taimako daga wurin malaman Shi'a.[24]

Ba'arin malaman Iraƙi misalign Mirzayi Muhammad Taƙiyyu Shirazi,[25] Sayyid Musɗafa Kashani, Sayyid Muhammad Kazim Yazdi da Shaikhul Shari'ati Isfahani, sun shelanta jihadi kan mamayar Ingila, kuma sun aika da wasiƙu zuwa ga ƙabilun geffan garin Basra game da miƙewa a kare kai gaban sojojin Ingila. Wannan lamarin ya zama sanadiyyar gaggauta miƙewar al'ummar Iraƙi kan yaƙar Ingila.[26] Miƙewar al'umma ƙarƙashin jagorancin malaman addini ya samu nasarar taka burki kan sojojin Ingila na tsawon watanni goma sha takwas,[27] Sai dai kuma sakamakon nasarar ƙarshe da gamayyar ƙasashe da faɗuwar Jamus tare kuma da rushewar gwamnatin Usmaniyya sai ya zamanto daga ƙarshe dole Iraƙi ta faɗa ƙarƙashin ikon mamayar Ingila.[28]

A shekarar 1920 miladiyya, bisa yarjejeniyyar San Ramo (San Remo Confrence) a Turai, Iraƙi ta faɗa cikin iko da mallakar gudanarwar Ingila, bayan cewa ƴan mamayar Ingila sun yi alƙawari ba da cin gashin kai na Iraƙi[29] Muhammad Taƙiyyu Shirazi wanda ya karɓi ragamar gamammiyar marja'iyya bayan Sayyin Muhammad Kazim Yazdi[Tsokaci 1] Yana tsananin adawa da mallakar gudanarwar Ingila kan Iraƙi. Ya fitar da fatawa ga ƙungiyar jama'ar Muslunci ta Iraƙi wace aka samar domin yaƙi da karɓe ikon mallakar gudanarwa Iraƙi daga hannun al'ummar Iraƙi, cikin wannan fatawa ya haramta wanda ba musulmi ya karɓe ikon gudanarwa ta garuruwan musulmi.[30]Mutane 17 daga malamai na garin Karbala suka rattaba hannu kan wannan takarda, sannan aka yaɗa ta a garuruwa tare da kiran mutane su miƙe kan tabbatar da cin gashin kan Iraƙi.[31]

Wannan batu shi ne silar boren da mutane suka yi a garuruwa daban-daban a Iraƙi daga jumlarsu har da Karbala.[32] Ingila domin hana faɗaɗuwar wannan bore, sun kame Muhammad Rida Shirazi da wasu adadi ƴan adawa, sannan suka kore su daga Iraƙi zuwa Indiya.[33] Shugabannin ƙabilu da Larabawa, tare da kira da Sayyid Abul Ƙasim Kashani ya yi, sun shirya wani zama tare da yanke shawarar ɗaukar makami su tunkari Ingila.[34] Ayatullah Shirazi shi ma cikin wani jawabi da ya aika wasiƙa zuwa ga mutanen Iraƙi ya buƙaci tabbatar da cin gashin kai na Iraƙi da kuma kafa gwamnatin Muslunci.[35] Bayan rikici na soja na farko da ya faru tsakanin Ingila da ba'arin ƙabilun Iraƙi, Sayyid Abul Ƙasim Kashani ya buƙaci Ayatullahi Shirazi ya shelanta jihadi ga kowa da kowa, a wannan lokaci ne Muhammad Taƙiyyu Shirazi ya fitar da fatawar jihadi kan Ingila.[36] :Ku duba: Juyin juya halin 1920 Iraƙ

Manufofi Da Saƙonni

Manufar fitar da fatawar jihadi, shi ne kwaɗaidar da baki ɗayan ƙabilun Iraƙi miƙewar su yaƙi ƴan mulkin mallaka na Ingila.[37] Bayan hukuncin jihadi da Muhammad taƙiyyu Shirazi ya fitar, sai jihadi kan ingila ya samu karɓuwa wurin kowa da kowa.[38] Shugabannin ƙabilu suka yanke alaƙa da ƴan mulkin mallakar Ingila, suka shiga harkar juyin juya hali, daga ƙarshe a ranar 30 ga watan Yuni 1920 miladiyya ne aka fara buga gangar juyin juya hali a yanki Furat, baki ɗayan iraƙawa suka amsa kira.[39] Hukuncin jihadi da buƙatar cin gashin kai na Iraƙi ta hannun Mirzayi na biyu ya zama sababi da ya sanya Shi'a da Ahlus-Sunna haɗa kai da tafiya kafaɗa da kafaɗa domin fatattakar ƴan mulkin mallaka na Ingila,[40] Duk da cewa wasu suna da ra'ayin cewa aksarin ƙabilun Ahlus-Sunna ba su shiga wannan yunƙuri ba.[41] An ce tasirin fatawar jihadi bai taƙaita a iya Iraƙi ba, ya kwarara zuwa yankunan da suke makwabtaka da ita.[42]

Daga ƙarshe dai wannan juyi juya hali bayan kwanaki 170[43] sakamakon ƙarancin majinginai na mutane da kuɗaɗe da kuma rashin goyan bayan sauran ƙasashen waje, da kuma amfanuwar Ingila da manya-manyan rundunonin sojoji da makaman yaƙi na zamani masu nauyi, hakan ya tilasta dagatar da wannan juyin juya hali,[44] Amma tare da haka ba'arin ƙabilun Iraƙi sun ci gaba da yaƙi da Ingila, kuma sun haifar mata da asara mai nauyin gaske, daga ƙarshe dai dole Ingila ta haƙura ta miƙa wuya zuwa ga buƙatun mutanen Iraƙi na cin gashin kan Iraƙi.[45]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Amīn, Aʿyān al-Shīʿa, bugun shekara ta 1403 ta Hijira Shamsiyya (daidai da 1984 Miladiyya), juzu'i na 9, shafi na 192.
  2. ↑ ‘Aqīqī Bakhshāyishī, Fuqahāʾ Nāmdār-e Shīʿa (Mashahuran Malaman Fiqhu na Shi'a), bugun shekara ta 1372 Hijira Shamsiyya (daidai da 1993 Miladiyya), shafi na 236. Tawagar Masu Bincike daga Cibiyar Baqir al-ʿUlūm (A.S), Gulshan-e Abrār (Lambun Salihai), bugun shekara ta 1393 Hijira Shamsiyya (daidai da 2014 Miladiyya), shafuka 648–649.
  3. ↑ Ḥakīm, “Waz'iyyat Gurahaye Siyasi Iraq”, shafi na 342.
  4. ↑ Ghrawī, Maʿ Ulama' al-Najaf al-Ashraf , bugun shekara ta 1420 Hijira, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 8. Mumand Ṣāliḥ da ʿAlī Pargū, Barsi Hayate Siyasi Muhammad Taqī Shirāzī (Mirzā Shirāzī) Wa Naqshe Ishun Dar Inqilabe Shi’ayane Iraq. al-Wardī, Tārīkh al-ʿIrāq, bugun shekara ta 1391 ta Shamsiyya (daidai da 2012 Miladiyya), juzu'i na 3, shafi na 652.
  5. ↑ Gharawī, Maʿ Ulama' al-Najaf al-Ashraf , bugun shekara ta 1420 Hijira, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 40. Dādfar, "Tahawwul Wa Degardisi dar namaye Jami'eh Shenakte Shi'a'ayan a Iraq a Karni na 20 (Dalilai da Sakamako)", shafuka
  6. ↑ Aqiqi Bakhshaishi, Fuqahaye Namedar Shi’e, 1993, shafi. 330.
  7. ↑ Aqiqi Bakhshaishi, Fuqahaye Namedar Shi’e, 1993, shafi. 236-237.
  8. ↑ Āqā Buzurg Tehrānī, Tabaqāt Aʿlām al-Shīʿa, bugun shekara ta 1430 Hijira (daidai da 2009 Miladiyya), juzu’i na 13, shafi na 262. Ghrawī, Maʿ Ulama' al-Najaf al-Ashraf, bugun shekara ta 1420 Hijira (daidai da 1999 Miladiyya), juzu’i na 2, shafi na 8.
  9. ↑ Āqā Buzurg Tehrānī, Tabaqāt Aʿlām al-Shīʿa, bugun shekara ta 1430 Hijira, juzu'i na 13, shafi na 263.Zarkalī, al-Aʿlām, bugun shekara ta 1989 Miladiyya, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 64.Ḥakīm, al-Mufaṣṣal fī Tārīkh al-Najaf al-Ashraf, bugun shekara ta 1427 Hijira, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 221
  10. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh Tarikh Inqilab Islami 1920 Iraq Wa naqshe Ulama Mujahidin Islam, 2011, shafi na 2011. 67.
  11. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh Tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 Iraq Wa Naqshe Ulamaye Mujahidin Islam, 2011, shafi na 2011. 67.
  12. ↑ Jam'i Az Muhaqqiqin Fajuheshkede Baqir al-Uloom, Gulshan-e-Abrar, 2014, shafi. 650;«میرزا محمدتقی شیرازی»، پایگاه اطلاع رسانی حوزه؛ «کولاک میرزای شیرازی در کربلا»، ایسنا.
  13. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh Tarikh Inqilab Islami 1920 Iraq Wa naqshe Ulama Mujahidin Islam, 2011, shafi na 2011. 67.
  14. ↑ ‘Aqīqī Bakhshāyishī, Fuqahāʾ Nāmdār-e Shīʿa, bugun shekara ta 1372 Hijira Shamsiyya (daidai da 1993 Miladiyya), shafi na 236
  15. ↑ Ḥakīm, Hassan ‘Īsā, al-Mufaṣṣal fī Tārīkh al-Najaf al-Ashraf, bugun shekara ta 1427 Hijira (daidai da 2006 Miladiyya), juzu'i na 7, shafi na 221
  16. ↑ «کولاک میرزای شیرازی در کربلا»، ایسنا.
  17. ↑ Āqā Buzurg Tehrānī, Tabaqāt Aʿlām al-Shīʿa, bugun shekara ta 1430 Hijira (daidai da 2009 Miladiyya), juzu’i na 13, shafi na 261. Zarkalī, al-Aʿlām, bugun shekara ta 1989 Miladiyya, juzu’i na 6, shafi na 63. Ḥakīm, al-Mufaṣṣal fī Tārīkh al-Najaf al-Ashraf, bugun shekara ta 1427 Hijira (daidai da 2006 Miladiyya), juzu’i na 7, shafi na 220
  18. ↑ Amin, A’yan al-Shi’a, 1403 AH, Juzu'i. 9, shafi. 192; Hakim, Al-Mufsal fi Tarikh al-Najaf al-Ashraf, 1427 AH, juzu'i. 7, shafi. 220.
  19. ↑ Hakim, Al-Mufsal fi Tarikh al-Najaf al-Ashraf, 1427 AH, juzu'i. 7, shafi. 220
  20. ↑ Zarkali, Al-Alam, 1989, Juzu'i. 6, shafi. 64.
  21. ↑ Amin, A’yan al-Shi’a, 1403 AH, Juzu'i. 9, shafi. 192; Agha Bozorg Tehrani, Tabaqat A'lam al-Shi'a, 1430 AH, Juzu'i. 13, shafi. 263; Hakim, Al-Mufsal fi Tarikh al-Najaf al-Ashraf, 1427 AH, juzu'i. 7, shafi. 222.
  22. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 m, 2011, shafi. 19; Al-Wardi, Tarikh Iraq, 2012, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 650.
  23. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 m, Wa naqshe ulama mujahidin Islam, shafi 19
  24. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 m, Wa naqshe ulama mujahidin Islam, shafi 19
  25. ↑ Al-Wardi, Tarikh Iraq, 2012, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 650.
  26. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 m, Wa naqshe ulama mujahidin Islam, shafi 22
  27. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 m, Wa naqshe ulama mujahidin Islam, shafi 27
  28. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 m, Wa naqshe ulama mujahidin Islam, shafi 35-36
  29. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 m, Wa naqshe ulama mujahidin Islam, shafi 55
  30. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 m, Wa naqshe ulama mujahidin Islam, shafi 56«مروری بر مبارزات میرزای شیرازی دوم علیه انگلیسی‌ها، فتواهایی که کمر استعمار را درعراق شکست»،‌ موسسه فرهنگی هنری خراسان.
  31. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 m, Wa naqshe ulama mujahidin Islam, shafi 56
  32. ↑ Al-Wardi, Tarikh Iraq, 2012, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 652; Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 m, Wa naqshe ulama mujahidin Islam, shafi 61
  33. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 m, Wa naqshe ulama mujahidin Islam, shafi 61
  34. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 m, Wa naqshe ulama mujahidin Islam, shafi 61
  35. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 m, Wa naqshe ulama mujahidin Islam, shafi 63
  36. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 m, Wa naqshe ulama mujahidin Islam, shafi 65-67
  37. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 m, Wa naqshe ulama mujahidin Islam, shafi 67
  38. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 m, Wa naqshe ulama mujahidin Islam, shafi 67
  39. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 m, Wa naqshe ulama mujahidin Islam, shafi 68-99
  40. ↑ Al-Wardi, Tarikh Iraq, 2012, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 652.
  41. ↑ Willy, Nehzat Islami Sha'ayane Iraq, 1994, shafi. 35.
  42. ↑ al-Rahīmī, Tārīkh-e Jonbesh-e Islāmī dar ‘Irāq, bugun shekara ta 1390 Hijira Shamsiyya (daidai da 2011 Miladiyya), shafi na 215.
  43. ↑ Al-Wardi, Tarikh Iraq, 2012, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 653
  44. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 m, Wa naqshe ulama mujahidin Islam, shafi 99-101
  45. ↑ Sadeghi Tehrani, Negahi beh tarikh Inqilabe Islami 1920 m, Wa naqshe ulama mujahidin Islam, shafi 99-114-116

Tsokaci

  1. ↑ An bayyana cewa, a karkashin jagorancin Mirzāyī na biyu, an samu karo na farko inda mutum ɗaya ya haɗa matsayin marja’i (jagoran addini) da jagoran siyasa — kuma wannan mataki ya zama jujjuyawar tarihi a fagen jagorancin juyin juya halin. (al-Wardī, Tārīkh al-ʿIrāq, 1391 Shamsiyya, juzu’i na 3, shafi na 652)

Nassoshi

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  • «میرزا محمدتقی شیرازی»Tushen Bayani na Hawza, Ranar da aka wallafa: 18 ga watan Mehr, shekara ta 1387 ta Shamsiyya (daidai da Oktoba 9, 2008), Ranar ziyara: 5 ga watan Mehr, shekara ta 1403 ta Shamsiyya (daidai da Satumba 27, 2024).
  • Mumand Ṣāliḥ, Pajārah da Muhammad ʿAlī Pargū, Bincike Kan Rayuwar Siyasa ta Muhammad Taqī Shirāzī (Mirzā Shirāzī) da Rawan da Ya Taka a Juyin Juya Halin ‘Yan Shi’a a Iraq, aka gabatar a Taron Ƙasa da Ƙasa na 6 Kan Nazarin Hakkoki da Shari’a, shekara ta 1399 Hijira Shamsiyya (daidai da 2020 Miladiyya).
  • Alī al-Wardī, Tārīkh al-ʿIrāq (Tarihin Iraq), birnin Qom, Sashen Faɗakarwa na Musulunci, shekara ta 1391 Hijira Shamsiyya (daidai da 2012 Miladiyya).
  • Joyce N. Wiley, Tashen Motsin Musulunci na ‘Yan Shi’a a Iraq, fassarar Mahvash Ghulāmī, birnin Tehran, Cibiyar Bayani, shekara ta 1373 Hijira Shamsiyya (daidai da 1994 Miladiyya).
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