Daƙiƙa:Najasar Kare
| Sashe dagaHukunce-hukuncen Aiki da na Fiƙihu |
|---|
 |
 | Wannan wani rubutu ne na siffantawa game da wata ma'ana ta fiƙihu, kuma ba za ta iya zama ma'auni ga ayyukan addini ba, domin ayyukan addini sai a koma zuwa ga wasu madogaran na daban. |
Najasar kare magana ce game da kasancewar kare najasa da dukkan sassan jikinsa. A fikihin Shi'a, kare ana kiransa "najasa ainiya", wato abu mai najasa kai tsaye, kuma ba ya tsarkaka da ɗaya daga cikin muɗahhirat daga ruwa ko wankewa sai a wasu hanyoyi na musamman kamar canjin ainihi (istihala).
Haka kuma: Saye da sayar da kare ba ya halatta, sai dai kare na farauta da kare na tsaro. Amfani da fatar kare don cin abinci ko shan ruwa ko duk abin da ke bukatar tsarki ba ya halatta. Idan kare ya lashe kwano ko ya sha ruwa daga ciki, sai an goge kwanon da ƙasa kafin a wanke shi da ruwa. Hukuncin najasar kare ba ya haɗawa da kare na ruwa.
Sai dai Sayyid Murtada daga malaman Shi'a ya bayyana cewa gashin kare da alade ba su da najasa, domin ba su daga sassan da ke da rai, don haka ba su cikin hukuncin najasa.
Nazarin Ma'ana
Najasar kare na nufin cewa jikin kare da dukkan sassansa ana ɗaukarsa najasa ne, har ma da sassan da ba su da rai kamar gashi, ƙafa, faratansa da duk wani danshi daga jikinsa.[1]
Sai dai Sayyid Murtada daga malaman Shi'a ya yi imani cewa gashin kare da alade ba najasa ba ne, domin suna daga sassan da ba su da rai.[2] Amma Muhammad Hassan Najafi ya bayyana cewa wannan ra'ayi na Sayyid Murtada ya saɓa da ra'ayin sauran malaman Shi'a.[3]
A gefe guda kuma, Malik Bin Anas daga limaman fikihun Ahlus-Sunna ya yi ra'ayin cewa kare ba najasa ba ne.[4]
Dalilin hukuncin najasar kare ya samo asali ne daga riwayoyi da aka rawaito daga Imamai Ma'asumai, waɗanda suka zo a cikin littafin Wasa'ilush Shi'a, a ƙarƙashin babin: (Najasar kare, ko da na farauta ne)[5] (Najasar abin da kare ko alade suka sha ko suka lasa).[6]
Gogewa Da Ƙasa
Idan kare ya lashe kwano ko ya sha ruwa ko wani ruwa daga ciki, domin tsarkake shi sai a fara goga masa ƙasa, sannan a wanke shi da ruwa kaɗan ko ruwa mai yawa (kur).[7] Kuma ba zai tsarkaka ba idan an wanke shi ba tare da shafa ƙasa ba da wata hanya daban.[8]
Hukuncin Saye Da Sayar Da Kare
A ra'ayin malaman fiƙihu, saye da sayar da kare haramun ne; domin abu mai najasa (ainin najasa) ba shi da darajar kasuwa, don haka ba a saye ko sayar da shi.[9]
Wannan hukunci yana shafar karen da ba shi da amfani (kare na waje ko mara aiki).[10]
Sai dai karen farauta da kare mai tsaro an ware su daga wannan hukunci, saboda amfanin da ake samu daga gare su.[11]
Kiwon Kare
Bisa fatawar Ayatullah Makarim Shirazi, riƙo da kiwon karnukan da ke da amfani ya halatta, kamar kare mai yin gadi da tsaro, kare na farauta, kare mai gano mutane da suka ɓace, da kare mai gano abubuwan da aka ɓoye ko kayan da aka haramta. Duk da cewa suna da najasa, babu laifi a riƙe su saboda amfanin da suke da shi.
Amma riƙo da kiwon karnukan ado domin zama tare da su ko yin nishaɗi da su yana da matsala a fikihu.[12] Haka kuma, a cewarsa, irin wannan riƙo bai dace da mutuncin Musulmi ba.[13]
Wasu daga cikin maraji'an taƙlidi kuma sun ɗauki ajiye kare a cikin gida a matsayin abin ƙyama (makruhi).[14]
Sauran Hukunce-hukunce
- Duk abin da ya taɓa jikin kare, idan wani danshi daga jikin karen ya koma zuwa gare shi, to yana zama najasa.[15]
- Bisa fatawar malaman fikihun Shi'a, hukuncin najasar kare ya shafi karnukan da ke rayuwa a ƙasa ne kawai, ba ya shafar kare na ruwa.[16]
- Cin abinci ko shan ruwa daga kwanon da aka yi da fatar kare haram ne.[17] Haka kuma, a cewar malamai, bai kamata a yi amfani da irin wannan kwano ba wajen ayyukan da ke buƙatar tsarki, kamar alwala da wanka na ibada.[18] Malamai da dama suna ganin cewa bai kamata a yi amfani da fatar kare ko ta alade ba, ko da kuwa a ayyukan da ba su da alaƙa da ci da sha.[19]
- Kare najasa ce ta ainihi; saboda haka yana tsarkaka ne kawai idan ya sami canjin ainihi (istihala), kuma ba ya tsarkaka da sauran hanyoyin tsarkakewa.[20]
- Bisa fatawar malaman fikihu, wanke kare ko yi masa allurar rigakafi ba ya sa ya tsarkaka; domin babu wata hujja da ke nuna cewa najasar kare tana da alaƙa da yawo a banza ko datti da ƙazantarsa.[21]
Bayanin kula
- ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Risala-ye Tawdih al-Masa'il, shafi na 35; Shubairi Zanjani, Risala-ye Tawdih al-Masa'il, 1430H, shafi na 28.
- ↑ Sayyid Murtada, al-Masa'il al-Nasiriyyat, shafi na 100.
- ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 331.
- ↑ Ibn al-Jallab, al-Tafri‘ fi Fiqh al-Imam Malik bin Anas, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 52; Mughniyya, al-Fiqh ‘ala al-Mazahib al-Khamsa, shafi na 25.
- ↑ Hurru Amili, Wasa'ilush Shi‘a, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 414–417.
- ↑ Hurru Amili, Wasa'ilush Shi‘a, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 225–227.
- ↑ Risala-ye Tawdih al-Masa'il (maraji'au), juzu'i na 1, shafi na 101.
- ↑ Shaik Ansari, Sirat al-Najat, shafi na 52; Bahjat, Istifta'at, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 104; Imam Khomaini, Tawdih al-Masa'il, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 101.
- ↑ Shaik Ansari, al-Makasib, juzu'i na 1, shafuffuka na 54–57; Mishkini Ardabili, Mustalahat al-Fiqh, shafi na 447.
- ↑ Mishkini Ardabili, Mustalahat al-Fiqh, shafi na 447; Bihbahani, Risala Amaliyya Mutajir Wahid Bihbahani, 1310H, shafuffuka na 17–18; Naraqi, Anis al-Tujjar, shafuffuka na 36–37.
- ↑ Mishkini Ardabili, Mustalahat al-Fiqh, shafi na 447.
- ↑ «احکام نگهداری حیوانات»،Shafin yaɗa bayanai na Ofishin Ayatullah Makarim Shirazi..
- ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Istifta'at Jadid, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 26.
- ↑ Bahjat, Istifta'at, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 574.
- ↑ Mishkini Ardabili, Mustalahat al-Fiqh, shafi na 446.
- ↑ Misali, a duba: Naraqi, Anis al-Tujjar, shafuffuka na 36–37; Makarim Shirazi, Risala-ye Tawdih al-Masa'il, shafi na 35; Shubairi Zanjani, Risala-ye Tawdih al-Masa'il, shafi na 28; Wahid Khorasani, Risala-ye Tawdih al-Masa'il, shafi na 24; Subhani Tabrizi, Risala-ye Tawdih al-Masa'il, shafi na 127.
- ↑ Imam Khomaini, Tawdih al-Masa'il, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 135.
- ↑ Imam Khomaini, Tawdih al-Masa'il, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 135.
- ↑ Imam Khomaini, Tawdih al-Masa'il, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 135.
- ↑ Mishkini Ardabili, Mustalahat al-Fiqh, shafi na 446.
- ↑ Musawi Golpaygani, Majma‘ al-Masa'il, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 39.
Nassoshi
- Bahbahani, Muhammad Baqir bin Muhammad Akmal, Risala Amaliyya Mutajir Wahid Bihbahani Ma'a taliqate Mirza Shirazi, Tehran, Hajj ShaikReza Tajar Tehrani, 1310H.
- Bahjat, Muhammad Taqi, Istifta'at, Qom, Ofishin Ayatullah Bahjat, 1428H.
- Bani Hashimi Khomaini, Muhammad Hasan, Risala-ye Tawdih al-Masa'il (Maraji'e), Ofishin Buga Littattafan Musulunci, ba tare da shekara ba.
- Hurru Amili, Muhammad bin Hasan, Wasa'il al-Shi‘a, Qom, Cibiyar Al al-Bayt (A.S.), 1409H.
- Ibn al-Jallab, Ubaydullah bin Husaini, al-Tafri‘ fi Fiqh al-Imam Malik bin Anas, bincike: Sayyid Kasrawi Hasan, Beirut, Gidan Buga Littattafan Ilimi, 2007M.
- Imam Khomaini, Sayyid Ruhullah, Tawdih al-Masa'il (al-Muhashi), Qom, Ofishin Buga Littattafan Musulunci na Jami‘ar Malamai ta Hauza Ilmiya ta Qom, 1424H.
- Makarim Shirazi, Nasser, Istifta'at Jadid, Qom, Gidan Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (A.S.), 1427H.
- Makarim Shirazi, Nasser, Risala-ye Tawdih al-Masa'il, Qom, Gidan Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (A.S.), 1429H.
- Mishkini Ardabili, Ali, Mustalahat al-Fiqh wa Mu‘zam Anawinuhu al-Mawdu‘iyya, Qom, Nashr al-Hadi, 1419H.
- Mughniyya, Muhammad Jawad, al-Fiqh ‘ala al-Mazahib al-Khamsa, Gidan Ghadir, Qom, 1430H.
- Musawi Golpaygani, Sayyid Muhammad Rida, Majma‘ al-Masa'il, Qom, Gidan Al-Qur'ani Mai Girma, 1409H.
- Najafi, Muhammad Hassan, Jawahirul Kalam fi Sharh Shara'i‘ al-Islam, bincike na Abbas Quchani da Ali Akhundy, Beirut, Gidan Raya Gadon Tarihi na Larabawa, 1404H.
- Naraqi, Mulla Muhammad Mahdi bin Abi Dhar, Anis al-Tujjar (al-Muhashsha), Qom, Ofishin Buga Littattafan Tabligh na Hauza Ilmiya ta Qom, 1425H.
- Sayyid Murtada, al-Masa'il al-Nasiriyyat, Tehran, Ƙungiyar Al'adu da Dangantakar Musulunci, 1417H.
- Shaik Ansari, Murtada bin Muhammad Amin, Sirat al-Najat (al-Muhashsha), Qom, Babban Taron Duniya na Tunawa da ShaikAnsari, 1415H.
- Shaik Ansari, Murtada bin Muhammad Amin, al-Makasib, bincike na Muhammad Kalanter, Qom, Gidan Littafi, 1410H.
- Shubairi Zanjani, Sayyid Musa, Risala-ye Tawdih al-Masa'il, Qom, Gidan Buga Littattafan Salsabil, 1430H.
- Subhani Tabrizi, Jafar, Risala-ye Tawdih al-Masa'il, Qom, Cibiyar Imam Sadiƙ (A.S.), 1429H.
- Wahid Khorasani, Husaini, Risala-ye Tawdih al-Masa'il, Qom, Makarantar Imam Baƙir (A.S.), 1428H.
- «احکام نگهداری حیوانات»، (Hukunce-hukuncen kula da dabbobi.), Shafin yaɗa bayanai na Ofishin Ayatullah Makarim Shirazi, an duba shi a ranar 31 ga Janairu 2021 M.