Daƙiƙa:Maniyyi
Wannan wani rubutu ne na siffantawa game da wata ma'ana ta fiƙihu, kuma ba za ta iya zama ma'auni ga ayyukan addini ba, domin ayyukan addini sai a koma zuwa ga wasu madogaran na daban. |
| Sashe dagaHukunce-hukuncen Aiki da na Fiƙihu |
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Maniyyi wani ruwa ne fari mai kauri wanda fitowarsa daga jiki ke jawo janaba. A bisa ga fatawar malaman Shi'a da wasu malaman Ahlus-Sunna, maniyyi najasa ne. Fitowar maniyyi daga jiki da gangan (Da son rai) yana warware azumi. Haka kuma, duk wanda maniyyi ya fita daga gare shi, dole ne ya yi wanka domin yin sallah.
Wasu daga cikin alamomin maniyyi waɗanda idan akwai shakka, ana gane su da su, su ne: jin daɗin jima'i mai yawa, fesowa (fitowa da ƙarfi) da kuma raunana da kasalar jiki.
Game da maniyyin mutum (sperm), akwai wasu hukunce-hukuncen da ake kira sabbin mas'aloli. A ra'ayin malaman Shi'a, allurar maniyyin wanda ba miji ba a cikin mahaifar mace haramun ne. Kuma suna da saɓani game da hukuncin allurar maniyyin da aka ajiye na mutum a cikin mahaifar matarsa bayan mutuwar mijin. Wannan saɓani ya danganta ne da tushensu a cikin wannan mas'ala: shin da mutuwar ɗaya daga cikin ma'aurata, auren yana ƙarewa ko a'a? Har ila yau, akwai saɓani game da saye da sayar da maniyyi, wanda ya danganta da kasancewarsa da darajar kuɗi ko rashinsa.
Nazarin Ma'anar Kalma
Maniyyi wani ruwa ne mai ɗan kauri kuma mai launin fari,[1] wanda yawanci yana fitowa daga al'aurar mutum a lokacin jin daɗin jima'i mai yawa.[2]
Hukunce-hukuncen Fiƙihu
A bisa ga fatawar malaman Shi'a, maniyyin ɗan adam yana daga cikin najasa.[3] Suna kiran fitowar maniyyi daga jiki da "Inzal".[4] Inzal (fitar maniyyi) a fiƙihu yana daga cikin dalilan janaba.[5] A cewar Muhammad Hassan Najafi, malaman fiƙihu na Shi'a suna ɗaukan maniyyin dabbobin da ke da jini mai gudu a cikinsu a matsayin najasa kuma.[6]
Duk wanda maniyyi ya fita daga gare shi, dole ne ya yi wanka don ayyukan da suke buƙatar tsarki, kamar sallah.[7] Fitowar maniyyi daga jiki da gangan (ko da ta hanyar saduwa ko ta hanyar istimna'i) yana warware azumi.[8]
Malaman Ahlus-Sunna ba su da ra'ayi ɗaya game da najasa ko tsarkin maniyyi. Abu Hanifa da Malik Bin Anas suna ɗaukar maniyyi a matsayin najasa;[9] tare da bambancin cewa Abu Hanifa ya yi imani cewa idan maniyyi ya bushe, yana tsarkakuwa ta hanyar gogewa kuma ba ya buƙatar wankewa.[10] Malaman Shafi'iyya[11] da Hanbaliyya suna ɗaukar maniyyin ɗan adam a matsayin mai tsarki.[12]
Azali (Janye Maniyyi Kafin Fitarsa )
A cikin fiƙhun Musulunci, akwai ra'ayoyi daban-daban game da hukuncin (janye maniyyi) domin hana shigar maniyyi cikin mahaifar mace a lokacin saduwa. A bisa ga ra'ayi mashahuri na malaman fiƙihu, janye maniyyi (azali) a cikin aure na dindindin, tare da yardar ma'aurata biyu, halal ne.[13] Amma idan namiji bai yarda ba, haramun ne kuma yana cikin hukuncin diyya daidai da dinari goma,[14] kuma idan mace kaɗai ce ba ta yarda ba, to ra'ayi mashahuri na malaman fiƙihu shi ne makaruhi (abun ƙyama ne).[15]
Alamomin Maniyyi
A cikin fiƙihu, an bayyana wasu alamomi na maniyyi waɗanda idan mutum ya yi shakku kan ko abin da ya fito daga gare shi maniyyi ne ko a'a, ake amfani da waɗannan alamomi domin a gane maniyyi daga abin da ba maniyyi ba.
A bisa ra'ayin mafi yawan malaman fiƙihun Shi'a, fitowar maniyyi daga namiji tana tare da siffofi uku: jin daɗin sha'awar jima'i, fesowar maniyyi, da yin sanyi ko raunin jiki bayan fitowarsa.[16] Amma a wajen mara lafiya, fesowar maniyyi ba sharaɗi ba ce; idan ruwa ya fito tare da sha'awar jima'i da yin sanyi ko raunin jiki, ana ba shi hukuncin maniyyi.[17]
Wasu malaman fiƙihu sun bayyana cewa: fitowar ruwa daga jiki idan yana tare da sha'awar jima'i da fesowar maniyyi, ko kuma tsallewar maniyyi da yin sanyi ko raunin jiki, to wannan ruwan maniyyi ne.[18]
Alamomin maniyyi a wajen mata sun bambanta. A ra'ayin mafi yawan malaman fiƙihun Shi'a, ruwan da yake fita daga gaɓoɓin haihuwar mace idan yana tare da jin daɗin sha'awar jima'i, yana da hukuncin maniyyi. Ba su ɗauki tsallewar ruwa da yin sanyi ko raunin jiki a matsayin alamomin maniyyi ga mata ba.[19]
Bambanci Tsakanin Maniyyi, Maziyyi, Waziyyi Da Wadiyyi
Malaman fiƙihu suna bambanta tsakanin maniyyi da sauran ruwan da suke fita daga gaɓoɓin jima'i na mutum. Bayan maniyyi, sun ambaci wasu ruwaye guda uku:
- Maziyyi: Wani ruwa ne mai laushi wanda yake fitowa daga mutum sakamakon ƙarancin sha'awar jima'i ko wasa da jiki (motsa sha'awa).[20] Wannan ruwa yana da ɗan danƙo, amma ba shi da alamomin maniyyi, kuma yana fi fitowa ga mata fiye da maza.[21]
- Waziyyi:Wani ruwa ne wanda wani lokaci yake fitowa daga mutum bayan fitar maniyyi.[22]
- Wadiyyi:Wani ruwa ne wanda wani lokaci yake fitowa daga mutum bayan yin fitsari.[23]
A ra'ayin malaman fiƙihun Shi'a, maziyyi, waziyyi da wadiyyi ba najasa ba ne[24] kuma ba sa karya alwala.[25]
Bayanin kula
- ↑ «تفاوت تعاریف طبی و فقهی در مورد مایع منی»، Shafin Tibyan.
- ↑ Abdur-Rahman, Mu'jama'ul Mustalahat wa al-Alfaz al-Fiƙhiyya, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 369.
- ↑ Sayyid Murtada, Al-Intisar, shafi na 96–97.
- ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 3.
- ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 3; Sayyid Murtada, Al-Intisar, shafi na 95.
- ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 290.
- ↑ Khomaini, Tahrirul Wasila, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 39.
- ↑ Duba: Bahrani, Al-Hada'iƙ An-Nadira, juzu'i na 19, shafi na 129–130.
- ↑ Jaziri, Al-Fiƙhu ala al-Mazahib al-Arba'a, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 15; Sayyid Murtada, Al-Intisar, shafi na 96.
- ↑ Sayyid Murtada, Al-Intisar, shafi na 96.
- ↑ Shafi'i, Ahkamul Kur'an, shafi na 81–82.
- ↑ Jaziri, Al-Fiƙhu ala al-Mazahib al-Arba'a, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 15, bayanin ƙasa na 3; Sayyid Murtada, Al-Intisar, shafi na 96.
- ↑ Bahrani, Al-Hada'iƙ an-Nadira, juzu'i na 23, shafi na 86; Subhani, Nizamun Nika, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 98.
- ↑ Misali, duba: Allama Hilli, Tahrirul Ahkam, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 426; Ɗabaɗaba'i Yazdi, Al-Urwa al-Wusƙa, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 809, mas'ala ta 6.
- ↑ Misali, duba: Shaik Ɗusi, Al-Khilaf, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 359; Allama Hilli, Tazhkiratul Fuƙaha, shafi na 576.
- ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 8.
- ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 12.
- ↑ Bani Hashimi Khomaini, Tawdihul Masa'il Maraji', juzu'i na 1, shafi na 265.
- ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 13; duba: Bani Hashimi Khomaini, Tawdihul Masa'il, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 265–266.
- ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 411.
- ↑ Amili, Al-Istilahatul Fiƙhiyya, shafi na 196.
- ↑ Amili, Al-Istilahatul Fiƙhiyya, shafi na 229; Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 415.
- ↑ Amili, Al-Istilahatul Fiƙhiyya, shafi na 229.
- ↑ Misali, duba: Makarim Shirazi, Risalat Taudihul Masa'il, shafi na 31.
- ↑ Misali, duba: Sayyid Murtada, Al-Intisar, shafi na 119; Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 414.
Nassoshi
- Abdur-Rahman, Mu'jama'ul Mustalahat wa al-Alfaz al-Fiƙhiyya,Kitabekhune Madrase Faƙahat. babu kwanan wata.
- Allama Hilli, Hassan Bin Yusuf, Tazhkiratul Fuƙaha, Qum, Cibiyar Ahlul Baiti (A.S) Li Ihya'i Turas, bugu na farko, 1414H.
- Amili, Yasin Isa, Al-Istilahatul Fiƙhiyya fi ar-Rasa'il al-Amaliyya, Beirut, Dar al-Balaga, 1413H.
- Bahrani, Yusuf Bin Ahmad, Al-Hada'iƙ an-Nadirah fi Ahkam al-Itrati at-Tahirah, gyaran Muhammad Taƙi Irwani da Sayyid Abdur-Razzaƙ Muƙarram, Qum, Ofishin Intisharat Islami mai alaƙa da Jami'atul Mudarrisin Hauze Qum, 1405H.
- Bani Hashimi Khomaini, Sayyid Muhammad Hassan, Taudihul Masa'il Maraji', Mutabiƙ ba Fatawaye Shanzahadun Maraji'i Taƙlid, Qum, Ofishin Intsiharate Islami, 1392Sh.
- Fadil Hindi, Muhammad Bin Hassan, Kashful Lisam wa al-Ibham an Ƙawa'id al-Ahkam, Qum, Jami'atul Mudarrisin Hauze Qum, Cibiyar Nashrul Islami, 1416H.
- Fadil Lankarani, Muhammad, Ahkam Pezeshkan Wa Bimaran, Qum, Cibiyar Markaze Fikihi A'imme Athar (A.S), bugu na farko, 1427H.
- Ibn Idris Hilli, Muhammad Bin Ahmad, As-Sara'ir al-Hawi li Tahrir al-Fatawi, Qum, Cibiyar Nashre Islami wadda take ƙarƙashin Jama'atul Mudarrisin, bugu na biyu, 1410H.
- Imam Khomaini, Sayyid Ruhullah, Tahrirul Wasila, Cibiyar Tanzim Wa Nashre Asare Imam Khomaini (R.A) 1409H.
- Imam Khomaini, Sayyid Ruhullah, Al-Makasib al-Muharrama, Qum, Cibiyar Isma'iliyya, bugu na uku, 1285Sh.
- Jaziri, Abdur-Rahman Bin Muhammad Awad, Al-Fiƙhu ala al-Mazahib al-Arba'a, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyya, 1424H/2003M.
- Sabzawari, Sayyid Abdul-A'ala, Muhazzabul Ahkam fi Bayan Halal wa al-Haram, Qum, Dar at-Tafsir, babu shekarar bugawa.
- Sayyid Murtada, Ali Bin Husain, Al-Intisar fi Infiradat al-Imamiyya, Qum, Ofishin Intisharat Islami mai alaƙa da Jami'atul Mudarrisin Hauze Qum, 1415H.
- Shafi'i, Muhammad Bin Idris, Ahkam Kur'an, Beirut, Darul Kutubil Ilmiyya.
- Shaik Ansari, Murtada, Kitab al-Makasib, Qum, Majma' al-Fikr al-Islami, 1415H.
- Shaik Ɗusi, Muhammad Bin Hassan, Al-Khilaf, babu mabuga, 1407H.
- Shaik Ɗusi, Muhammad Bin Hassan, Al-Mabsuɗ fi Fƙhil Imamiyya, Tehran, Al-Maktaba al-Murtadawiyya Li Ihya Asare Jafariyya, bugu na uku, 1387H.
- Subhani, Jafar, Nizamun Nika fi ash-Shari'a al-Islamiyya al-Garra', Qum, Cibiyar Imam Sadiƙ (A.S), bugu na farko, 1416H.
- Makarim Shirazi, Risalat Taudihul Masa'il, Kitabekhune Madrase Faƙahat, babu kwanan wata.
- Ɗabaɗaba'i Yazdi, Sayyid Muhammad Kazim, Tahrirul Ahkam, Beirut, Cibiyar Al-A'lami Lil Maɗbu'at, bugu na biyu, 1409H.