Daƙiƙa:Khumusin Ribar Sana'o'i Da Kasuwanci
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Khumusin ribar sana'o'i da kasuwanci shi ne fitar kashi ɗaya bisa biyar na ribar da aka samu daga kasuwanci da sauran hanyoyin samun kuɗi.[1] A fiƙihun Shi'a, biyan wannan khumusi wajibi ne bayan an cire kuɗaɗen buƙatun rayuwa na shekara da aka saba yi (mu'una).[2]Wannan hukunci ya shafi kuɗaɗen shiga da aka samu daga: Kasuwanci, noma, masana'antu, rubuce-rubuce, ɗinki, hayar dukiya, da sauran sana'o'i da ayyukan samun kuɗi.[3] Sai dai malamai sun sami saɓanin ra'ayi kan ko khumusi ya wajaba a kan abubuwa kamar: sadaki, kyauta, lambar yabo ko kyautar gasa, da gado.[4]
Malaman fiƙihu na Ahlus-Sunna ba sa ɗaukar ribar sana'o'i da kasuwanci a matsayin abin da khumusi ya wajaba a kansa.[5] A gefe guda kuma, malaman Shi'a suna kafa hujjar wajibcin khumusi ne da ruwayoyin Ahlul-Baiti (A.S)[6] da kuma ayar khumusi. Suna ganin cewa kalmar ghanima da ta zo a cikin ayar tana da ma'ana mai faɗi, wadda ta ƙunshi kowane irin riba da kuɗin shiga.[7]
A cewar wasu masu bincike, duk da cewa babu wani rahoto a cikin littattafan tarihi da ya nuna cewa an karɓi khumusin ribar sana'o'i da kasuwanci a zamanin Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) da Imam Ali (A.S),[8] malaman Shi'a suna ganin cewa wajibcin khumusi ya tabbata tun farkon Musulunci, amma an jinkirta aiwatar da shi saboda talaucin da Musulmi suke ciki a lokacin.[9]
Bisa ra'ayin malaman fikihu, ana biyan khumusin ribar sana'o'i da kasuwanci ne bayan shekara guda ta cika daga farkon shekarar khumusi.[10] Ita kuma shekarar khumusi tana farawa ne daga lokacin da mutum ya samu kuɗin shiga na farko ko kuma ya fara harkar tattalin arzikinsa.[11]
Bayanin kula
- ↑ Mu'assase Da'iratul Ma'arifil Fiƙhil Islami, Farhange Fiƙh Mutabiƙ Mazhab Ahli al-Bait (A.S), juzu'i na 1, shafi na 364.
- ↑ Ƙummi, Al-Gayatul Ƙuswa, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 258; Makarim Shirazi, Anwarul Faƙaha, Kitab al-Khums wa al-Anfal shafi na 290.
- ↑ Hasanpur, «Muta'allaƙ Khums Arbah al-Makasib ta Mutlaƙ Fa'ida,» shafi na 56; Bani Hashimi Khomaini, Taudih al-Masa'il Maraji, shafuffuka na 7–125; Bani Hashimi Khomaini, Risalaye Taudih al-Masa'il Maraji, shafuffuka na 468–498.
- ↑ Bani Hashim Khomaini, Taudih al-Masa'il Maraji, shafi na 7–125.
- ↑ Ƙurɗubi, Al-Jami' li Ahkamil Kur'an, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 1.
- ↑ Muntaziri Najafabadi, Mabani Fiƙhi Hukumate Islami, fassarar Salati da Shukuri, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 197.
- ↑ Ɗabrisi, Majma'ul Bayan, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 468; Musawi Golpaigani, Majma al-Masa'il, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 390.
- ↑ Muntaziri Najafabadi, Mabani Fiƙhi Hukumate Islami, fassarar Salati da Shukuri, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 142.
- ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Anwarul Faƙaha, Kitab al-Khums wa al-Anfal, shafi na 291.
- ↑ Bani Hashimi Khomaini, Risalaye Tawdih al-Masa'il Maraji, shafuffuka na 468–498.
- ↑ Bani Hashimi Khomaini, Risalaye Taudih al-Masa'il Maraji, shafuffuka na 468–498.
Nassoshi
- Bani Hashimi Khomaini, Sayyid Muhammad Hasan, Taudih al-Masa'il Maraji, Qom, Daftare Intisharate Islami wabaste bi Jami'ah-ye Mudarrisin-i Hauzeye Ilmiyya Qom, 1392Sh.
- Hasanpur, Dawud, Muta'allaƙ Khums Arbah al-Makasib ta Mutlaƙ Fa'ida, a cikin Mujallar wata uku-uku ta Pajuheshi dini (Binciken Addini,) lamba ta 33, kaka da hunturun 1395Sh.
- Makarim Shirazi, Nasir, Anwarul Faƙaha, Kitab al-Khums wa al-Anfal, Qom, Madrase Imam Ali bin Abi Ɗalib, 1416H.
- Mu'assase Da'iratul Ma'arifil Fiƙhil Islami, Farhange Fiƙh Mutabiƙ Mazhab Ahli al-Bait (A.S), ƙarƙashin kulawar Sayyid Mahmud Hashimi Shahrudi, Qom, Cibiyar Da'iratul Ma'arifil Fiƙhil Islami, 1382Sh.
- Muntaziri Najafabadi, Husain Ali, Mabani Fiƙhi Hukumate Islami, fassarar Mahmud Salawati da Abul Fadl Shukuri, Qom, Cibiyar Kayhan, 1409H.
- Musawi Golpaigani, Sayyid Muhammad Rida, Majma'ul Masa'il, Qom, Darul Kur'anil Kareem, 1409H.
- Ƙummi, Shaik Abbas, Al-Gayatul Ƙuswa Fi Sharhi Al-Urwatul Wusƙa, Qom, Cibiyar Subh Piruzi, 1423Sh.
- Ƙurɗubi, Muhammad Bin Ahmad, Al-Jami' li Ahkamil Kur'an, Tehran, Mabugar Nasir Khusraw, 1364Sh.
- Ɗabrisi, Fadlu Bin Hassan, Majma'ul Bayan Fi Tafsiril Kur'an, Beirut, Cibiyar Al-A'lami Lil Maɗbu'at, 1415H.