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Daƙiƙa:Ka'aba

Ƙara hanyoyin mahaɗar
Daga wikishia
Ɗawafi na kewaya Ka'aba a lokacin Hajji

Ka'aba ita ce alƙiblar Musulmi kuma mafi tsarkin wuri a doron ƙasa a wajensu. Malaman Musulunci sun ɗauki Ka'aba a matsayin mahallin ibada na farko da aka tanada domin dukan mutane, kuma alama ce da ke karkatar da mutum zuwa ga Allah.

Ka'aba tana cikin Masallacin Harami a cikin birnin Makka. Wajibi ne Musulmi su fuskanci Ka'aba yayin yin sallah, sannan mahajjata su riƙa yin ɗawafi a kewaye da ita yayin gudanar da ayyukan Hajji.

A cikin haramin Ka'aba, ba a yarda a cutar da mutum ko dabba ba. Haka kuma, bisa ruwayoyin Shi'a, Imam Ali (A.S) an haife shi ne a cikin Ka'aba.

Bisa sanannen ra'ayi a tsakanin malaman Shi'a, ruwayoyi sun nuna cewa an gina Ka'aba tun kafin zamanin Annabi Ibrahim (A.S). A cewarsu, ta kasance tun zamanin Annabi Adam (A.S), kuma wasu ma sun ce an gina ta tun kafin halittar Annabi Adam.

Sai dai akwai wasu malamai da suka saɓa da wannan ra'ayi, suna ganin cewa ginin Ka'aba na farko shi ne wanda Annabi Ibrahim (A.S.) ya gina.

Farkon aya ta 97 Suratul Ma'ida da wasu ayoyi game da Ka'aba, cikin rubutun hannu na Habibullahi Fada'ili.

Shekara biyar kafin a aiko da Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) da manzanci, Ka'aba ta rushe sakamakon wata babbar ambaliya. Mutanen ƙabilar Ƙuraishawa suka sake gina ta gaba ɗaya, kuma suka yi mata rufi da kuma magudanar ruwa.

A shekarun 64H da 1040H an sake sabunta ginin Ka'aba gaba ɗaya. Bayan haka kuma, a lokuta daban-daban an ci gaba da gyara ta, tare da sake sabunta rufinta da ginshiƙanta.

A cikin Ka'aba akwai wani ƙaramin ɗaki da yake ɗauke da matakala da ake hawa zuwa saman Ka'aba. Wannan ɗakin yana da wata ƙaramar ƙofa da ake kira Babul al-Tauba (Ƙofar Tuba).

Ka'aba tana da kusurwa huɗu (rukunai huɗu). Mafi shahara daga cikinsu shi ne Ruknul Hajarul Aswad (Kusurwar Baƙin Dutse), saboda a nan ne Hajarul Aswad yake, kuma daga wannan kusurwa ne ake fara ɗawafi a kewayen Ka'aba.

Matsayi Da Kuma Muhimmancin Wannan Wuri

Imam Ali (A.S)

Allah ya sanya Ka'aba a matsayin alamar Musulunci, kuma ya mayar da ita mafakar aminci ga masu neman tsari.[1]

Imam Ali (A.S)

Ga Ka'aba nan a tsakiyar wani babban madauwari mai juyawa; wani guguwa mai ƙarfi da ke kewaye da ita tana ɗawafi a kanta. Akwai tsayayyar maƙala guda ɗaya a tsakiya, yayin da komai banda ita yake motsi a kewayenta cikin da'ira. Tsayuwa ta har abada da motsi na har abada! Kamar rana a tsakiya, yayin da kowace tauraruwa take shawagi a falakinta, tana zagayawa a kewaye da rana cikin da'ira[2]

Musulmai suna ɗaukar Ka'aba a matsayin mafi tsarkin wuri a doron ƙasa,[3] gidan farko na tauhidi[4] kuma alamar kaɗaita Allah.[5] Alƙur'ani ya bayyana ta a matsayin gida mai albarka, kuma ya danganta albarkarta da kasancewarta hanyar shiriya, haɗin kai, da kusantar Allah.[6]

Bisa riwayoyi, Imam Ali (A.S) ya bayyana Ka'aba a matsayin tutar Musulunci.[7] Haka kuma Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya ce kallon Ka'aba ibada ne,[8] kuma ya bayyana cewa muddin Ka'aba tana nan a tsaye, addini zai ci gaba da wanzuwa.[9]

Da shigewar lokaci, Ka'aba ta koma wurin bautar gumaka maimakon gidan tauhidi na asali,[10] amma Annabi Muhammad mai karamci ya rushe gumakan da ke cikinta bayan nasarar buɗe Makka.[11]

Sunayen Ka'aba

Kalmar Ka'aba ita ce mafi yawan amfani a matsayin sunan ɗakin Allah, kuma saboda haka ake saninta da wannan suna.[12] Haka kuma an ambace ta a cikin Alƙur'ani.[13]

Alƙur'ani ya kira Ka'aba da sunan Bait [14] (gida), a cikin nau'o'in haɗe-haɗe daban-daban, wanda shahararre cikinsu shi ne Baitullah (Gidan Allah).[15]

Sauran sunaye kuma sun haɗa da: al-Bait,[16] al-Bait al-Haram,[17] al-Bait al-Atiƙ,[18] al-Bait al-Mamur,[19] da al-Bait al-Muharram.[20]

A zamanin dauri mai nisa kuma, Ka'aba ta kasance da wasu sunaye kamar Ƙadis, Nadzir, da al-Ƙaryah al-Ƙadimah.[21]

Jadawalin Tarihin Ka'aba
Ƙarni na 20 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (A.S.)[22] Gina Ka'aba ta hannun Ibrahim (A.S)[23]
Kimanin shekara 700 kafin hijira Sanya ƙofa a Ka'aba daga wani mai mulki daga Yaman[24]
Shekarar Giwa Harin Abrahata domin rushe Ka'aba[25]
Shekarar Giwa Hallaka sojojin Abrahata ta hanyar aiko da tsuntsayen Ababil[26]
13 Rajab Shekara 30 bayan Shekarar Giwaye|Haihuwa[[Imam Ali (A.S)] a cikin Ka'aba[27]
Shekara ta 35 bayan Shekarar Giwaye (Shekara biyar kafin Aiko Da Annabi (S.A.W)) Rushewar Ka’aba saboda ambaliya da sake gina ta ta hannun Ƙuraishawa[28]
64H Lalacewar Ka’aba a lokacin yaƙi Banu Umayya da Zubairiyawa[29]
65H Sake gina Ka’aba da Abdullahi Bin Zubair ya yi tare da yin wasu gyare-gyare a cikinta[30]
73H Sake gina Ka’aba da al-Ḥajjāj ya yi tare da mayar da ita zuwa yadda take kafin gyaran da Ibn Zubair ya yi.[31]
317H Kai hari da Ƙarmadiyawa suka yi wa Makka da kuma kwashe Cire Hajarul Aswad daga Ka’aba da ɗauke shi[32]
339H Mayar da Hajarul-Aswad da Ƙarmadiyawasuka yi bayan sun karɓi kuɗi mai yawa a matsayin lada.[33]
462H Maida zinariya na Indararon Zinariya da ƙofar Ka'aba zuwa dinari daga hannun mai mulkin Makka saboda matsalar kuɗi.[34]
1039H da 1040H Lalacewar Ka’aba sakamakon ambaliya da sake gina ta.[35]
1414 H da 1415 H Gyaran bangon waje na Ka’aba[36]
1417 H Sake gina ginshiƙai da rufin Ka’aba[37]
1394Sh Faɗuwar injin ɗaga kaya (crane) a kusa da Ka’aba da kuma mutuwar mutane 107 daga cikin mahajjata.[38]

Dalilin Sanya Mata Suna Ka'aba

Game da dalilin kiran ta Ka'aba, an kawo dalilai guda biyu:

  • An ce Gidan Allah yana da siffar murabba'i ne, kuma Larabawa suna kiran kowane gida mai kusurwa huɗu da wannan suna.[39]
  • Haka kuma kalmar Ka'aba a harshen Larabci tana nufin ɗaukaka ko tsawo. An kira wannan gini da wannan suna ne saboda tsayinsa da ɗaukakarsa daga doron ƙasa.[40]

Alƙibla Da Aikin Hajji

Babban labari: Alƙibla Da Aikin Hajji

Alƙiblar farko ta Musulmi ita ce Baitul Muƙaddas, har sai da aka saukar da aya a Madina wadda ta umarci sauya alƙibla zuwa Ka'aba, sai Ka'aba ta zama alƙiblar Musulmi.[41]

Wajibi ne ga kowane Musulmi ya fuskanci Ka'aba yayin yin sallah.[42]

A cikin ayyukan Hajji kuma, dole ne a yi ɗawafi a kewayen Ka'aba.[43]

Ruhaniyar Ka'aba

Sun ɗauki Ka'aba a matsayin alƙibla da alama da ke jagorantar dukkan kasancewar ɗan adam zuwa ga Allah.[44] An bayyana darajar Ka'aba da cewa an gina ta ne da sunan tauhidi, kuma tana da babbar darajar akida da ta wuce ta ɗan adam; wato an gina ta da sunan wata tunani guda ɗaya: tauhidi, kuma hannun mutum guda ne ya gina ta, shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa ginshikin tauhidi.[45]

Mawaƙin tunanin Musulunci Iƙbal Lahore ma ya yi nuni da asalin tauhidi game da Ka'aba a cikin baitinsa:

Ka da ka kai Iqbal cikin Ka'aba ya tsohon mai harami domin a kowane lokaci yana ɓoye wani sabon abin bautawa a cikin hannunsa.

ره مده در کعبه ای پیر حرم اقبال را
هر زمان در آستین دارد خداوندی

Tarjama: Ka da ka bar Iƙbal ya shiga Ka'aba, ya tsohon mai harami domin a kowane lokaci yana ɓoye wani sabon abin bautawa a cikin hannunsa.[46]

Haka kuma Muhammad Husaini Garawi Isfahani daga malaman fiƙihun Shi'a ya yi wa Ka'aba waƙa kamar haka:

گهی به کعبه جانان سفر توانی کرد
که در منای وفا ترک سر توانی کرد

Tarjama: Wani lokaci za ka iya yin tafiya zuwa Ka'aba ta masoyi (Ka'aba ta ruhi), idan ka isa Mina ta aminci da biyayya, za ka iya barin kai (son kai da girman kai)[47]

Masanin gabashi (Oriantalist) Henry Corbin ya yi bayani a cikin rubuce-rubucensa game da sirrin ruhi na Ka'aba daga mahangar Musulmi, inda yake ganin abubuwan duniya a matsayin alamomi da siffofi da aka kwaikwayi daga manyan siffofi na duniyar sama.[48] Ya kuma ɗauki gaskiyar wannan duniya a matsayin madubi da ke nuna hasken siffofi na ruhaniya.[49] A ganinsa, Hajji da ibadun da ake yi a Ka'aba suna haifar da jikin haske na mahajjaci, wanda ke yin tasiri a cikin ruhinsa na malakutu.[50]

An kuma bayyana cewa Ka'aba tana matsayin gidan Allah, yayin da mutane suke zama mutanen gida. Saboda haka, mahajjaci daga duk inda ya fito, yana yin salla cikakke ne, domin ba a ɗaukarsa matafiyi ba.[51]

Haka kuma Sana'i Mawaƙi kuma Sufi a ƙarni na shida, ya yi kira ga barin dangantaka da abubuwan duniya, yana cewa muddin mutum yana tare da kansa da son kansa, ba zai kai ga Ka'aba ta gaskiya ba.[52]

« Hassan Zade Amoli:

Mene ne amfanin juyar da jiki zuwa Ka'aba ga wanda zuciyarsa ba ta juya zuwa ga Allah , Ubangijin Ka'aba ba?[53]

»

Tarihin Ka'aba

An ruwaito'i da dama sun nuna cewa Ka'aba an gina ta ne tun kafin Ibrahim (A.S), har ma wasu ruwayoyi suna danganta ginin ta da Adam (A.S).[54] A wasu ruwayoyi kuma an ce an gina ta ma kafin halittar Annabi Adam (A.S).[55]

Ra'ayi mafi shahara a tsakanin malaman Shi'a shi ne cewa ginin Ka'aba ya riga ya wanzu tun kafin zamanin Annabi Ibrahim.[56] Bisa wannan ra'ayi, ana cewa wannan gini ya rushe a lokacin ruwan ambaliyar Annabi Nuhu.[57] Daga baya Annabi Ibrahim tare da ɗansa Ismai'l suka sake gina Ka'aba bisa tsoffin ginshiƙanta.[58]

A gefe guda kuma, Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i ya danganta ginin Ka'aba kai tsaye da Annabi Ibrahim (A.S).[59] Haka kuma Muhammad Jawad Mugniyya ya ɗauki ruwayoyin da ke cewa an gina Ka'aba kafin Annabi Adam a matsayin labaran kadai (khabarul wahid) kuma bai karɓe su ba.[60]

« Gazali:

Amma ɗawafi da sa'ayi suna kama da talakawa da suke zuwa ƙofar sarakuna, suna zagaye fadar sarki suna neman damar gabatar da buƙatunsu. Suna shiga da fita a cikin fadar, suna neman wanda zai yi musu ceto, suna kuma fatan ko da gangan idon sarki ya faɗa kansu ya yi musu kallon rahama[61]

»

Sabunta Ginin Ka'aba

A cikin wani rahoto an ce Ƙusayyu Bin Kilab — kakannin Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W.) na ƙarni na huɗu.[62] ya rushe Ka'aba, sannan ya sake gina ta, inda ya yi mata rufi da itace da ganyen dabino.[63]

Shekaru biyar kafin a aiko da Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W), ambaliya ta afka Makka ta rushe Ka'aba.[64] A wasu ruwayoyi kuma an ce Ka'aba ta ƙone ta lalace gaba ɗaya.[65] Har zuwa wannan lokaci, Ka'aba ba ta da rufi.[66]

Bayan wannan lalacewa, ƙabilar Ƙuraishawa ta ɗauki nauyin sake gina Ka'aba,[67] inda ta yi mata rufi da kuma magudanar ruwa.[68]

An ruwaito cewa bangon da Annabi Ibrahim ya gina ya kai kusan mita 4.5, sannan a sake ginin Ƙuraishawa an ɗaga shi zuwa kusan mita 9.[69] Haka kuma an ruwaito daga Ja'far al-Sadiq cewa Annabi Ismail ya kafa ginshiƙai a Ka'aba, ya kuma yi mata rufi da ganyen dabino da laka.[70]

Rushewa Da Sake Gina Ka'aba A Zamanin Abdullah Bin Zubair Da Hajjaj Bin Yusuf

A shekara ta 64 Hijira, Zubairiyyawa sun yi rikici da Banu Umayya, kuma a wannan rikici Ka'aba ta sami mummunar lalacewa.[71] Abdullahi Bin Zubair, duk da adawar da wasu sahabbai suka nuna, ya cire abin da ya rage na bangon Ka'aba tun daga tushe, sannan ya sake gina ta.[72] A lokacin sake ginin, ya kai tsayin Ka'aba kusan mita goma sha uku da rabi.[73] Ya kuma saukar da ƙofar Ka'aba wadda Ƙuraishawa suka ɗaga kusan mita biyu daga ƙasa, ya mai da ita a kan ƙasa.[74] Haka kuma ya sanya rufin Ka'aba biyu.[75] Ibn Zubair ya kuma sanya ƙofofi biyu ga Ka'aba: ɗaya don shiga, ɗaya don fita.[76] Bayan an kashe Ibn Zubair, Hajjaj Bin Yusuf ya mayar da yawancin sauye‑sauyen da Ibn Zubair ya yi zuwa yadda suke a da.[77]

Sabunta Gini A Shekarar 1040 Hijira

A shekara ta 1039 Hijira, wani babban ambaliya ya faru a Makka. Ruwa ya shiga cikin Masallacin Harami, kuma ya lalata bangon Ka'aba. Daga ƙarshe, aka rushe sauran bangon da suka rage, sannan aka sake gina Ɗakin Allah gaba ɗaya.[78]

Mulla Zainul Abidin Kashani ya rubuta Rahoton wannan ambaliya da kuma sake ginin Ka'aba , wanda ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin malaman Shi'a na wancan lokaci, wanda shi ma ya yi aikin ƙwadago a lokacin sake ginin. Ya rubuta hakan a cikin wani ƙaramin risala mai suna Mufarriḥat al‑Anam fi Ta'sis Bayt Allah al‑Ḥaram.[79][Tsokaci 1]

Sake Gyara Ka'aba A Zamanin Yau

Bayan sake gina Ka'aba a shekara ta 1040H, ba a sake rushe ta gaba ɗaya ba; abin da aka yi kawai shi ne gyare-gyare da gyaran sassa daban-daban.[80]

Mafi muhimmancin waɗannan gyare-gyaren shi ne gyaran bangon wajen Ka'aba, wanda ya fara a shekara ta 1414H kuma aka kammala shi a shekara ta 1415H.[81]

Haka kuma an aiwatar da shirin gyaran cikin Ka'aba a ranar 10 ga Muharram, shekara ta 1417H.[82] A wannan aikin, ban da gyaran sassa daban-daban da ke cikin Ka'aba, an cire ginshiƙanta da rufinta gaba ɗaya, sannan aka sake gina su daga tushe.[83]

Caption text
Tarihin ginin Ka'aba da sake gina ta Ginshiƙai Rufi Ƙofar Ka'aba Bangon Ka'aba Girman Ka'aba Tsayin bangon Ka'aba
Ginin Annabi Ibrahim (A.S) Babu[84] Babu[85] Babu[86] An gina ta[87] - Kimanin mita huɗu da rabi (4.5 m).[88]
Sake ginin Quraysh shekaru biyar kafin aiko da Manzon Allah (S.A.W.) da manzanci An gina ginshiƙai shida[89] Tana da shi[90] An gina shi ƙarni da dama kafin wannan lokaci.[91]A cikin wannan sake gini, an ɗaga shi kusan mita 2 daga saman ƙasa.[92] An sake gina shi gaba ɗaya.[93] - Kimanin mita 9.[94]
Sake ginin Abdullah bin Zubair. An sauya ginshiƙai shida zuwa uku.[95] An yi wa Ka'aba ƙofofi biyu.[96] Kuma an kuma ajiye ta a kan ƙasa.[97] An sake gina ta gaba ɗaya.[98] An faɗaɗa shi, kuma an sanya wani ɓangare na Hijr Ismail cikin Ka'aba.[99] Kimanin mita 13 da rabi (13.5 m).[100]
Sake ginin Hajjaj (bin Yusuf). - - An mayar da shi kamar yadda yake a baya (mita 2 daga ƙasa), sannan an soke abin da aka ƙara a baya a karo na biyu.[101] - An mayar da shi yadda yake kafin sake ginin Ibn Zubair.[102] -
Sake gini a shekara ta 1040H. - An sake gina shi gaba ɗaya.[103] - An sake gina shi gaba ɗaya.[104] - -
Sake gini a zamanin yau An sake gina shi gaba ɗaya.[105] An sake gina shi gaba ɗaya.[106] An sauya shi.[107] Gyara[108] - -

Sassan Wajen Ka'aba

Hajarul Aswad Hajarul al-Aswad dutse ne mai tsarki da aka kafa a bangon Ka'aba, wanda ake fara ɗawafi daga gare shi kuma a ƙare ɗawafi a kansa.[109]

Sassa daban-daban na Ka'aba.

'Mustajar da Multazam' Mustajar wani ɓangare ne na bangon yammacin Ka'aba, wanda yake a bangon bayan Ka'aba.[110] Yana kusa da Rukunul Yamani[111] kuma yana fuskantar ƙofar Gidan Allah.[112]

Bangon Ka'aba da aka buɗe wa Fatima bint Asad domin ta shiga ta haifi Ali ibn Abi Talib a cikinsa, shi ne aka kira Mustajar.[113]

Multazam kuma ana fassara shi a hanyoyi biyu: A ma'ana ta farko: wani ɓangare ne na bangon Ka'aba tsakanin Hajar al-Aswad da ƙofar Ka'aba.[114] A ma'ana ta biyu: ana amfani da shi a matsayin suna mai ma'ana ɗaya da Mustajar.[115]

Ƙofar Ka'aba Ƙofar Ka'aba tana kan bangon gabashin Ka'aba ne,[116] kuma a ruwayoyin Shi'a an ƙarfafa yin addu'a a lokacin da mutum ya isa gare ta.[117]

Shazauran Shazauran wani ɗan ɗaga/tsini ne mai ƙasa da ke zagaye da bangon Ka'aba.[118] Yana kewaye Ka'aba a bangarori uku, sai dai bangaren Hijru Ismai'l inda ba ya nan.[119]

Yawancin shahararrun malaman fiƙihun Shi'a sun ɗauki wannan ɓangare a matsayin wani sashe na Ka'aba, don haka mai ɗawafi dole ne ya yi dawafi a waje da shi.[120]

Indararon zinare (Mizmarin ruwa na zinare) wani magudanar ruwa ne da aka yi da zinare, wanda yake a saman bangon arewacin Ka'aba, yana zubar da ruwan da ke kan rufin Ka'aba zuwa cikin yankin Hijr Ismail.[121]

An kuma ruwaito cewa ana ƙarfafa yin addu'a a ƙarƙashinsa, kuma ana ganin addu'a a wannan wuri na da karɓuwa.[122]

Labulen Ka'aba Labulen Ka'aba (Kiswat al-Ka'aba) an ɗauke shi a matsayin wata tsohuwar al'ada mai matuƙar muhimmanci, kuma daga cikin muƙamai masu daraja a zamanin jahiliyya akwai aikin rufe Ka'aba.[123]

Labulen Ka'aba ya kasance yana da launuka daban-daban; wani lokaci fari,[124] wani lokaci kore, wani lokaci kuma rawaya, har zuwa lokacin khalifan Abbasiyawa Al-Nasir Li Dinillah,[Tsokaci 2] wanda ya mayar da shi baki, kuma daga wannan lokaci ya ci gaba da zama baƙi.[125]

Ana yin wannan labule mafi yawanci a Masar da Sham, kuma a wasu lokuta ƙalilan wasu yankuna kamar IranIran n kera shi.[126] A yau kuma ana yin shi a wata ma'aikata ta musamman a Saudiyya.[127]

Cikin Ka'aba

A shekara ta biyar kafin aiko da Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W), a lokacin sake ginin Ka'aba da ƙabilar Ƙuraishawa ta yi, an gina rufi a Ka'aba wanda ya dogara da ginshiƙai shida da aka tsara cikin layi biyu na uku-uku.

A sake ginin da Abdullah ibn Zubayr ya yi, an rage waɗannan ginshiƙai daga shida zuwa uku, kuma har zuwa yau waɗannan ginshiƙai uku ne kaɗai ke cikin Ka'aba.[128]

Babul Tauba da take cikin Ka'aba

A cikin Ka'aba akwai ƙaramin ɗaki wanda a cikinsa akwai matakala da ake hawa zuwa saman rufin Ka'aba.[129]

Wannan ɗaki yana da ƙaramin ƙofa da ake kira Ƙofar Tuba..[130] Wannan ƙofa an yi ta da zinare.[131]

Tun zamanin da, ƙabilu, dangogi da sarakuna suna aika kyaututtuka domin a saka su a cikin Ka'aba.[132]

Haka kuma an ruwaito cewa akwai wani rami a cikin Ka'aba da ake ajiye waɗannan kyaututtuka a ciki. Amma wannan rami ya lalace kuma ya ɓace a lokacin sake ginin Ka'aba da ƙabilar Quraysh ta yi.[133]

Rukunan Ka'aba

Arkan jam'i ne na kalmar Ruknu, wadda ke nufin tushe ko ginshiƙi.[134] Saboda a kusurwoyin cikin Ka'aba guda huɗu akwai ginshiƙai huɗu da ke riƙe rufin Ka'aba, kowace kusurwa da ke da ginshiƙi a cikinta ana kiranta rukn.[135]

Ka'aba tana da rukuna huɗu:

Muhimman Abubuwa

Haihuwar Imam Ali (A.S)

Samfuri:Main: Mauludul Ka'aba

Imam Ali (A.S) ya bayyana cewa an haife shi a cikin Ka'aba.[144] Wasu daga cikin littattafan Ahlus-Sunna ma sun ruwaito wannan lamari.[145]

Sanya Hajarul Aswad Ta Hannun Annabi (S.A.W)

Duba kuma: Hajarul Aswad

Shekaru biyar kafin aiko da Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W), ambaliya ta faru a Makka, ta lalata Ka'aba.[146] Bayan haka, ƙabilar Ƙuraishawa ta fara sake gina Ka'aba.[147]

A lokacin ginin, kowace ƙabila ta nemi damar saka Hajar al-Aswad, har rikici ya tashi. Daga ƙarshe, Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) ya ba da shawara a saka dutse a cikin mayafi, sannan shugabannin ƙabilu suka ɗaga shi tare.[148]

Lokacin da aka kai wurin sa, Annabi (S.A.W.) ya ɗauki dutse da hannunsa ya ajiye shi a wurinsa na musamman.[149]

Sauran Abubuwa

Babban labarun: As'habul Fil, Amul Fil, da Abrhahata

Abraha, mai mulkin Yaman, ya kai hari Makka a shekara ta 571M da nufin rusa Ka'aba. Lokacin da suka isa, Allah ya aika tsuntsaye daga sama waɗanda suka jefa musu ƙananan duwatsu, suka hallaka rundunar Abraha.[150]

Saboda kin biyayya ga Yazid, Abdullahi Bin Zubair, aka tura runduna ƙarƙashin jagorancin Husain Bin Numair zuwa Makka. Sun isa Makka a Muharram shekara ta 64H, sannan a Rabi'ul Awwal suka yi harin majanjin, wanda ya yi mummunan lahani ga Ka'aba.[151]

A watan Zil Hijja shekara ta 317H, Ƙarmaɗiyawa sun kai hari Makka. Sun cire Hajarul Aswad daga Ka'aba suka tafi da shi, sannan a shekara ta 339H suka mayar da shi bayan an biya su kuɗi.[152]

Binciken Da Ke Da Alaƙa

Rumbunan Hotuna

  • Ƙofar Ka'aba
    Ƙofar Ka'aba
  • Hoton Ka’aba da aka ɗauka daga sama
    Hoton Ka’aba da aka ɗauka daga sama
  • Tsohon hoton Ka’aba
    Tsohon hoton Ka’aba
  • Ka’aba a shekara ta 1297 bayan Hijira (1297H).
    Ka’aba a shekara ta 1297 bayan Hijira (1297H).
  • Ka’aba a tsakiya Masallacin Harami
    Ka’aba a tsakiya Masallacin Harami
  • Tsohon hotan Ka'aba
    Tsohon hotan Ka'aba
  • Hoton Ka’aba a shekara ta 1954 Miladiyya. Mai ɗaukar hoton: Safuh al-Nu’mani, ɗan ƙasar Lebanon
    Hoton Ka’aba a shekara ta 1954 Miladiyya. Mai ɗaukar hoton: Safuh al-Nu’mani, ɗan ƙasar Lebanon

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Nahj al-Balagha, bugu na Subhḥi Salih, Khutuba ta farko, shafi na 45..
  2. ↑ Shari'ati، حج، Shafin yanar gizo na Dakta Ali Shari'ati.
  3. ↑ Faali, Darsname-ye Asrar-e Hajj, shafi na 49.
  4. ↑ Makaram Shirazi, Tafsir-e Namuna, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 9.
  5. ↑ Shariati, Tawhid Wa Shirk, shafin yanar gizo na Ali Shariati.
  6. ↑ «اهمیّت کعبه و مراسم حج در روایات»،Shafin Ayatullah Makarim Shirazi; duba Suratul Ali Imran, aya ta 96.
  7. ↑ Nahjul Balagha,Tashih Subhi Salih, Huɗuba ta Farko, shafi na 45.
  8. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 240.
  9. ↑ Faali, Darsname-ye Asrar-e Hajj, shafi na 50.
  10. ↑ Khorramshahi, Ka'aba, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 1883.
  11. ↑ Ibn Shahr Ashub, Manaqib Aal Abi Talib (A.S.), juzu'i na 2, shafi na 135.
  12. ↑ Janati, Asami Ka'aba dar Qur'an, shafi na 37.
  13. ↑ Suratul Ma'ida, aya ta 95.
  14. ↑ Janati, Asami Ka'aba dar Qur'ani, shafi na 42.
  15. ↑ Janati, Asami Ka'aba dar Qur'ani, shafi na 42
  16. ↑ Suratul Baƙara aya ta 125
  17. ↑ Suratul Ma'ida, aya ta 97.
  18. ↑ Suratul Hajj, aya ta 29.
  19. ↑ Janati, Asami Ka'aba dar Qur'an, shafi na 40
  20. ↑ Suratul Ibrahim, aya ta 37.
  21. ↑ Khorramshahi, Ka'aba, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 1883.
  22. ↑ Sajjādī, “Ibrāhīm Khalīl (A.S.)”, shafi na 499..
  23. ↑ «کعبه و بررسی تاریخ بنای آن در قرآن، Shafin Portal mai cikakken ilimin kimiyyar ɗan Adam.»
  24. ↑ Ṣabrī Pāshā, Mawsūʿat Mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-Sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab, shekara 2004M, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 664.
  25. ↑ Ṭabarsī, Majmaʿ al-Bayān, shekara 1372HSh, juzu’i na 10, shafi na 822..
  26. ↑ Ṭabarsī, Majmaʿ al-Bayān, shekara 1372HSh, juzu’i na 10, shafi na 823..
  27. ↑ Shaykh al-Mufīd, Al-Irshād, shekara 1413H, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 5.
  28. ↑ Jaʿfarīyān, Āthār-e Eslāmī-ye Makkah wa Madīnah, shekara 1387HSh, shafi na 46..
  29. ↑ Jaʿfarīyān, Āthār-e Eslāmī-ye Makkah wa Madīnah, shekara 1387HSh, shafi na 64..
  30. ↑ Balādhurī, Ansāb al-Ashrāf, shekara 1417H, juzu’i na 5, shafi na 349..
  31. ↑ Balādhurī, Ansāb al-Ashrāf, shekara 1417H, juzu’i na 5, shafi na 349..
  32. ↑ Daftari, Tārīkh wa ʿAqāʾid-e Ismāʿīliyya, shekara 1376HSh, shafi na 190–192.
  33. ↑ Daftari, Tārīkh wa ʿAqāʾid-e Ismāʿīliyya, shekara 1376HSh, shafi na 190–192.
  34. ↑ Ibn Kathīr, Al-Bidāyah wa al-Nihāyah, shekara 1407H, juzu’i na 12, shafi na 99..
  35. ↑ Jaʿfarīyān, Āthār-e Eslāmī-ye Makkah wa Madīnah, shekara 1387HSh, shafi na 67.
  36. ↑ Amin Kurdi، «آخرین توسعه و مرمت کعبه»،Shafuka na 128 zuwa 130.
  37. ↑ Jaʿfarīyān, Āthār-e Eslāmī-ye Makkah wa Madīnah, shekara 1387HSh, shafi na 71..
  38. ↑ کشته و ۲۳۸زخمی در سقوط جرثقیل هنگام طواف کعبه»، Asre Iran.
  39. ↑ Ibn Manzur, Lisan al-Arab, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 718.
  40. ↑ Janati, Asami Ka'aba dar Qur'ani, shafi na 37
  41. ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Tafsir Namune, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 491.
  42. ↑ Khorramshahi, Ka'aba, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 1883.
  43. ↑ Imam Khomaini, Manasik-e Hajj, shafi na 54.
  44. ↑ Ansariyan, Hajj dar ayene-ye Erfan, shafi na 20.
  45. ↑ Shari'ati، «توحید و شرک»، shafin yanar gizo na Dakta Ali Shari'ati.
  46. ↑ Iƙbal Lahore، پیام مشرق، بخش ۲۱۸، می‌تراشد فکر ما هر دم خداوندی دگر»، Shafin Ganjur.
  47. ↑ Ansariyan, Hajj dar ayene-ye Erfan, shafi na 21.
  48. ↑ Corbin, Raze Manawi-ye Khane-ye Kaba (3), shafi na 29.
  49. ↑ Corbin, Raze Manawi-ye Khane-ye Kaba (3), shafi na 29
  50. ↑ Corbin, Raze Manawi-ye Khane-ye Kaba (2), shafi na 58
  51. ↑ Rafi'i، «شریعتی و حج»،Shafin Zaitun
  52. ↑ Yazdani, Hajj dar ayene-ye Sher-e Farsi, shafi na 132.
  53. ↑ «الهی! خانه کجا و صاحب خانه کجا؟»،Shafin Khabar Online
  54. ↑ Imam, Ka'aba wa Barrasi-ye Tarikh-e Binaye An dar Qur'an, shafi na 60.
  55. ↑ Shaik Saduq, Man la Yahduruhu al-Faqih, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 241.
  56. ↑ Imam, Ka'aba wa Barrasi-ye Tarikh-e Binaye An dar Qur'an, shafi na 61.
  57. ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Tafsir Namune, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 455.
  58. ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Tafsir Namune, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 455.
  59. ↑ Tabataba'i, Al-Mizan, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 350.
  60. ↑ Maghniyah, Tafsir al-Kashif, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 203.
  61. ↑ Ghazali, Kimiya-ye Saadat, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 240.
  62. ↑ Ibn Athir, Usdul al-Ghabah, Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 12.
  63. ↑ Yaqubi, Tarikh al-Yaqubi, Dar Sadir, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 240.
  64. ↑ Jafariyan, Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 45.
  65. ↑ Safari Forushani, Makka dar Bistare Tarikh, shafi na 94.
  66. ↑ Qaidan, Tarikh wa Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 78.
  67. ↑ Jafariyan, Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 46.
  68. ↑ Jafariyan, Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 46.
  69. ↑ Qaidan, Tarikh wa Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 70.
  70. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 204.
  71. ↑ Jafariyan, Athar Islami‑ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 64.
  72. ↑ Jafariyan, Athar Islami‑ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 64.
  73. ↑ Qa'idan, Tarikh wa athar‑e Islami‑ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 70.
  74. ↑ Qa'idan, Tarikh wa athar‑e Islami‑ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 70.
  75. ↑ Safari Furūshani, Makka dar Bistar‑e Tarikh, shafi na 108.
  76. ↑ Baladhuri, Ansab al‑Ashraf, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 349.
  77. ↑ Baladhuri, Ansab al‑Ashraf, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 349.
  78. ↑ Jafariyan, Athar Islami‑ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 67.
  79. ↑ Jafariyan, Athar Islami‑ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 67.
  80. ↑ Jafariyan, Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 70.
  81. ↑ Amin Kurdi, Akharin Tawsia wa Marmat al-Kaaba, shafuffuka na 128–130.
  82. ↑ Amin Kurdi, Akharin Tawsia wa Marmat al-Kaaba, shafuffuka na 132
  83. ↑ Jafariyan, Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 71.
  84. ↑ Qaidan, Tarikh wa Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 78.
  85. ↑ Qaidan, Tarikh wa Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 78.
  86. ↑ Sabri Pasha, Mawsuat Mir'at al-Haramayn al-Sharifayn wa Jazirat al-Arab, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 664.
  87. ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Tafsir Namune, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 455.
  88. ↑ Qaidan, Tarikh wa Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 70
  89. ↑ Safari Forushani, Makka dar Bistar-e Tarikh, shafi na 106.
  90. ↑ Jafariyan, Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 46.
  91. ↑ Sabri Pasha, Mawsuat Mir'at al-Haramayn al-Sharifayn wa Jazirat al-Arab, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 664.
  92. ↑ Qaidan, Tarikh wa Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 70.
  93. ↑ Qaidan, Tarikh wa Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 70.
  94. ↑ Qaidan, Tarikh wa Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 70.
  95. ↑ Safari Forushani, Makka dar Bistar-e Tarikh, shafi na 108.
  96. ↑ Baladhuri, Ansab al-Ashraf, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 349.
  97. ↑ Qaidan, Tarikh wa Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 70.
  98. ↑ Jafariyan, Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 64.
  99. ↑ Jafariyan, Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 64.
  100. ↑ Qaidan, Tarikh wa Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 70.
  101. ↑ Baladhuri, Ansab al-Ashraf, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 349.
  102. ↑ Baladhuri, Ansab al-Ashraf, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 349
  103. ↑ Jafariyan, Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 67.
  104. ↑ Jafariyan, Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 67.
  105. ↑ Amin Kurdi, Akharin Tawsia wa Marmat al-Kaba shafuffuka na 130–133.
  106. ↑ Amin Kurdi, Akharin Tawsia wa Marmat al-Kaba shafuffuka na 140–142.
  107. ↑ Amin Kurdi «آخرین توسعه و مرمت کعبه»، Portal Jamii na Ilimin Dan Adam (Human Sciences Comprehensive Portal).
  108. ↑ Amin Kurdi, Akharin Tawsia wa Marmat al-Kaba shafuffuka na 143.
  109. ↑ Shahius Sani, Al-Rawda al-Bahiyya fi Sharh al-Luma al-Dimashqiyya, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 262.
  110. ↑ Safari Forushani, Makka dar Bistar-e Tarikh, shafi na 101.
  111. ↑ Turaishi, Majma al-Bahrayn, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 252.
  112. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 355.
  113. ↑ راز ولادت علی علیه‌السلام در درون کعبه»،Cibiyar/Portal na Imam Ali (A.S)
  114. ↑ Mustafawi, al-Tahqiq fi Kalimat al-Qur'an al-Karim, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 188.
  115. ↑ Amili, al-Zubda al-Fiqhiyya fi Sharh al-Rawda al-Bahiyya, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 406.
  116. ↑ «باب الکعبة المشرفة»Shafin yanar gizon Babban Shugabancin Kula da Masallacin Harami da Masallacin Annabi.
  117. ↑ Saduq, Man la Yahduruhu al-Faqih, juzu'i na 2, shafuffuka na 531–532.
  118. ↑ Mousavi Shahroudi, Jami al-Fatawa – Manasik al-Hajj, shafi na 123.
  119. ↑ Sharab, Farhang-e Alam-e Joghrafiyayi–Tarikhi dar Hadith wa Sira-ye Nabawi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 205.
  120. ↑ Montazeri, Ahkam wa Manasik al-Hajj, shafi na 152.
  121. ↑ Ghafari, Rahnama-ye Harameyn-e Sharifayn, shafi na 178.
  122. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 407.
  123. ↑ Qaidan, Tarikh wa Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 94.
  124. ↑ Qaidan, Tarikh wa Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 95.
  125. ↑ Jafariyan, Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 85.
  126. ↑ Jafariyan, Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 84.
  127. ↑ Jafariyan, Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 86.
  128. ↑ Safari Forushani, Makka dar Bistar-e Tarikh, shafi na 106.
  129. ↑ «باب الکعبة المشرفة»،Mahaɗin Hukumar Kula da Masallacin Harami da Masallacin Annabi
  130. ↑ ASh-Sherif، «معلومات عن باب التوبة فی الکعبة»، Shafin Mauzu.
  131. ↑ «باب الکعبة المشرفة»،Mahaɗin Hukumar Kula da Masallacin Harami da Masallacin Annabi
  132. ↑ Qaidan, Tarikh wa Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 80.
  133. ↑ Safari Forushani, Makka dar Bistar-e Tarikh, shafi na 105.
  134. ↑ Mustafawi, al-Tahqiq fi Kalimat al-Qur'an al-Karim, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 234.
  135. ↑ Sadeqi Ardestani, Ahmad, Hajj az Miqat ta Miad, shafi na 104.
  136. ↑ Meshkini, Mustalahat al-Fiqh, shafi na 275.
  137. ↑ Meshkini, Mustalahat al-Fiqh, shafi na 275.
  138. ↑ Sharab, Farhang-e Alam-e Joghrafiyayi shafi na 36.
  139. ↑ Qaidan, Tarikh wa Athar-e Islami, shafi na 61.
  140. ↑ Qaidan, Tarikh wa Athar-e Islami, shafi na 61.
  141. ↑ Qaidan, Tarikh wa Athar-e Islami, shafi na 61.
  142. ↑ Amili, al-Istilahat al-Fiqhiyya, shafi na 199.
  143. ↑ Marvvej, Istilahat-e Fiqhi, shafi na 250.
  144. ↑ ShaikMufid, al-Irshad fi Marifat Hujaj Allah ala al-Ibad, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 5.
  145. ↑ Hafiz Nishaburi, al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 593.
  146. ↑ Qaidan, Tarikh wa Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 70.
  147. ↑ Jafariyan, Athar-e Islami-ye Makka wa Madina, shafi na 46.
  148. ↑ Subhani, Furugh-e Abadiyyat, shafi na 203.
  149. ↑ Ibn Kathir, al-Bidaya wa al-Nihaya, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 487.
  150. ↑ Ibn Athir, al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh, juzu'i na 1, shafuffuka na 342–345.
  151. ↑ Ibn Kathir, al-Bidaya wa al-Nihaya, juzu'i na 11, shafi na 634.
  152. ↑ Daftari, Tarikh wa Aqa'id Ismailiyya, shafuffuka na 190–192.

Tsokaci

  1. ↑ Tehrani a cikin Az-Zari'a ya ambaci littattafai biyu da ake kira Mufarriḥat al‑Anam fi Ta'sis Bayt Allah al‑Ḥaram, ɗaya a Larabci ɗaya kuma a Farisanci, kuma ya bayyana cewa marubucin su duka shi ne Zainul‑Abidin Kashani. Haka kuma ya ce ya ga kwafi biyu na sigar Farisancin wannan littafi. Manazarta: Tehrani, al‑Dharia, 1408 H, juzu'i na 21, shafi na 362.
  2. ↑ Nasir li-Din Allah shi ne khalifa na 34 a Daular Abbasiyawa. Ya yi mulki daga shekara ta 575H zuwa 622H.

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