Azara
Azara (Larabci: آزر) wani suna ne da ya zo a Kur'ani kan baban Ibrahim ko Mai kula da shi, a wannan wuri Kur'ani ya yi amfani da kalmar (Abbu), Malaman tafsirin Shi'a da sauran Malamai sun tafi kan cewa Azara ba shi ne Mahaifin Ibrahim (A.S) ba, sakamakon dogara da wata riwaya daga Annabi (S.A.W) da take bayyana cewa tun daga Hazrat Adam babu Mushriki ko ɗaya cikin kakannin Annabi (S.A.W), kuma shi Azara ya kasance Mushriki, saboda haka Azara ba zai taɓa yiwuwa ya zama Mahaifin Ibrahim (A.S) ba, saboda haka zai zamanto an yi amfani da kalmar (Abbu) da wata Ma'ana ta daban banda Mahaifi, kamar dai misalin Kawu ko kuma Kaka na bangaren Uwa. Azara, bisa dogara da wata riwaya daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya kasance Mai duban ƙasa da taurari, ya duba taurari ya bayyana cewa za a haifi wani yaro da zai dinga kiran mutane zuwa wani addini daban, da wannan dalili ne Sarki Namarudu ya bada umarni raba mata da maza da kuma kashe yaran da ake haifa, an bayyana cewa Azara ya kasance ɗan Kawun Namarudu.
Sanin Wanene Mutum
Azara ya kasance daga mutanen ƙauyen Kusi wani gari ne wanda yana daga cikin garin Kufa ta yanzu[1] ya kuma kasance ɗan Kawun Sarki Namarudu.[2] kan asasin wata riwaya daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) Azara ya kasance ɗan duban ƙasa da taurari[3] tun kafin a haifi Hazrat Ibrahim ya duba ƙasa ya faɗi cewa za a haifi wani yaro da zai kira mutane zuwa wani addini daban, da wannan dalili ne Sarki Namarudu ya bada umarni ware maza daga mata kuma a kashe yaron da ake haifa.[4] Azara ya kasance mai bautar Gumaka,[5] an yi ishara da bautar Gumakansa cikin ba'arin waƙoƙin Farisanci.[6] daga jumlarsu akwai wannan waƙa:
Masoyina ya kakkarya bakiɗayan Gumakan Azara* bani da lokacin barci saboda hiyali.[7]
Azara Mahaifin Ibrahim Ne Ko Kawunsa
Cikin aya ta 74 suratul An'am ya zo cewa:
Yayin da Ibrahim ya cewa Ubansa Azara: yanzu kai kana riƙar Gumaka matsayin ababen bauta lallai ni ina ganin kai da mutanenka cikin ɓata mabayyani. Wasu ba'arin Malaman tafsiri daga jumlarsu harda Fakhrur Razi kan asasin wannan aya sun tafi kan cewa Azara shi ne Mahaifin Ibrahim.[8] amma cikin Tafsirul Amsal wanda Ayatullahi Nasir Makarim Shirazi ya rubuta ya zo cewa bakiɗayan Malaman tafsiri da malaman Shi'a sun tafi kan cewa Azara bai kasance Mahaifin Ibrahim ba.[9] Shaik Ɗusi wanda ya rasu shekara ta 460 h ƙamari, ya tafi kan cewa Azara ya kasance Kawun Ibrahim ko Kakansa na ɓangaren Mahaifiya, an naƙalto daga Abu Is'haƙ Zajjaj wanda ya kasance daga masana nasaba, ya bayyana cewa babu saɓani cikin kasancewar sunan Mahaifin Ibrahim (A.S) Tarukh,[10] haka kuma ya dogara da wata riwaya daga Annabi (S.A.W) da take bayyana cewa cikin Kakanin Annabi (S.A.W) babu Mushriki ko ɗaya tun daga Adamu har zuwa kansa.,[11] daidai lokacin da shi ya kasance mai bautar gumaka, saboda haka ba zai taɓa yiwuwa ya zama Mahaifin Ibrahim (A.S) ba.[12] Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i masanin Falsafa da tafsiri a wannan zamani, tare da kawo shaidu ya yi imani kan cewa a harshen Larabci kalmar (Abbu) ana amfani da ita kan wanda yake ɗauka nauyi kula da mutum, da wannan dalili ake amfani da ita kan Mahaifi, Kaka, Kawu, Mahafin mata kai hatta shugaba da Babba cikin ƙabila ana amfani da ita a kansu,[13]cikin Attaura, tsarkakakken littafin Yahudawa, an ambaci Tarukh matsayin sunan Mahaifin Ibrahim,[14] wasu ba'arin malaman Akhlaƙ sun naƙalato wani hadisi da suka tafi kan ingancinsa, wannan hadisi ya ƙunshi cewa Uba mutane uku ne, Uba wanda ya haifeka, Uba wanda ya aura maka ƴarsa da kuma Uba wanda ya ɗauki nauyin koyar da kai da kansa (Malaminka)[15] [Tsokaci 1] Haka kuma wasu ba'arin Malaman tafsiri daga jumlarsu akwai Allama ɗabaɗaba'I da Makarim Shirazi, sun fitar da natija daga ƙauracewa neman gafara da Ibrahim ya yi domin Ubansa a aya ta 114 suratul Tauba,[16] kishiyar neman gafarar zunubai ga mahaifinsa a aya ta 41 suratul Ibrahim,[17] lallai mahaifinsa Ibrahim (A.S) wani mutum ne daban ba Azara ba, kuma Kalmar (Abbu) da zoa ayar ta zo ne da ma'anar Kawu da Kaka na ɓangaren Mahaifiya.[18]
Neman Gafarar Ibrahim ga Azara
Kan asasin aya ta 48 Suratul Maryam [Tsokaci 2][19] Hazrat Ibrahim (A.S) ya nemawa Azara gafarar Ubangiji,[20] amma a aya ta 113 Suratul tauba[21] an hana Musulmai nemawa Mushrikai gafara, domin warware cin karo da juna a kwakwalwa tsakanin waɗannan ayoyi biyu da suka gabata sai Kur'ani ya bayyana dalilin da ya sanya Ibrahim ya nemawa Azara gafara, ya yi ne saboda alƙawarin da ya ɗaukar masa, bayan ta bayyanar masa cewa Azara Maƙiyin Allah ne sai ya barranta kansa daga gare shi.[22]
Bayanin kula
- ↑ Tabari, Jame Al-Bayan, 1412 AH, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 159.
- ↑ Balami, Tarikhnameh Tabari, 1378, juzu'i na 2, shafi.882.
- ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 366 da 367; Qomi, Tafsir Qummi, 1367, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 206 da na 207.
- ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 366 da 367; Qomi, Tafsir Qummi, 1367, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 206 da na 207.
- ↑ Sheikh Tusi, Al-Tibyan, Beirut, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 175; Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir Namuneh, 1374, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 303-307.
- ↑ Misali, duba: Ansari, Minajatnameh, 2002, shafi na 26.
- ↑ <a class="external text" href="http://ganjoor.net/saadi/divan/ghazals/sh40/">سعدی شیرازی، دیوان اشعار، غزلیات، غزل شماره ۴۰</a>
- ↑ Mustafawi, Tahaqiq fi kalamat al-Qur'an al-Karim, 1360, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 76; Fakhr Razi, Mufatih al-Ghaib, 1420 AH, juzu'i na 13, shafi na 31.
- ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir Namuneh, 1374, juzu'i na 5, shafi.303.
- ↑ Sheikh Tusi, Al-Tibyan, Beirut, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 175-176.
- ↑ Sheikh Tusi, Al-Tibyan, Beirut, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 175.
- ↑ Sheikh Tusi, Al-Tibyan, Beirut, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 175: Duba kuma: Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir Namuneh, 1374, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 303-307.
- ↑ Allameh Tabataba'i, Al-Mizan, 1417 AH, Mujalladi na 7, shafi na 164-165.
- ↑ Allameh Tabataba'i, Al-Mizan, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 162; Attaura, Sefer Afarinesh, 11:26
- ↑ Naraghi, Mullamahdi, Jame Al-Sa'adat, juzu'i na 37, shafi na 141.
- ↑ «وَمَا كَانَ اسْتِغْفَارُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ لِأَبِيهِ إِلَّا عَن مَّوْعِدَةٍ وَعَدَهَا إِيَّاهُ فَلَمَّا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُ أَنَّهُ عَدُوٌّ لِّلَّـهِ تَبَرَّأَ مِنْهُ ۚ إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ لَأَوَّاهٌ حَلِيمٌ؛ آمرزش خواستن ابراهيم براى پدرش، نبود مگر به خاطر وعدهاى كه به او داده بود. و چون براى او آشكار شد كه پدرش دشمن خداست، از او بيزارى جست. زيرا ابراهيم بسيار خداىترس و بردبار بود».
- ↑ «رَبَّنَا اغْفِرْ لِي وَلِوَالِدَيَّ وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَوْمَ يَقُومُ الْحِسَابُ؛ اى پروردگار من، مرا و فرزندان مرا برپاىدارندگان نماز گردان. اى پروردگار ما، دعاى مرا بپذير».
- ↑ Allameh Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, 1417 AH, Mujalladi na 7, shafi na 164-165; Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir Namuneh, 1374, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 304-305.
- ↑ «قَالَ سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ ۖ سَأَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكَ رَبِّي ۖ إِنَّهُ كَانَ بِي حَفِيًّا؛ گفت: تو را سلامت باد. از پروردگارم برايت آمرزش خواهم خواست. زيرا او بر من مهربان است».
- ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir namuneh, 1374, juzu'i na 5, shafi.304.
- ↑ «مَا كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَن يَسْتَغْفِرُوا لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَوْ كَانُوا أُولِي قُرْبَىٰ مِن بَعْدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْجَحِيمِ؛ نبايد پيامبر و كسانى كه ايمان آوردهاند براى مشركان هر چند از خويشاوندان باشند -پس از آنكه دانستند كه به جهنم مىروند- طلب آمرزش كنند».
- ↑ Suratul Towba, aya ta:114
Tsokaci
- ↑ hadisi ya zo kamar haka: «ان آباءک ثلاثة: من ولدک، و من علمک، و من زوجک، و خیر الاباء من علمک» Uba gareka sune mutane guda uku, wanda ya haifeka, wanda ya koyar da kai, wanda ya aura maka `yarsa, amma mafi alherin uba shi ne wanda ya koyar da kai ilimi
- ↑ وَاغْفِرْ لِأَبِي إِنَّهُ كَانَ مِنَ الضَّالِّينَ سوره شعراء آیه ۸۶. tarjama: ga yi gafara ga babana lallai shi ya kasance daga batattu. shu'ara aya 86.
Nassoshi
- Ansari, Khawaja Abdullah, Manajatnameh, Mohammad Hamasian, Kerman, Kerman Cultural Services Publications, ya gyara kuma ya mayar da martani, 2013.
- Balami, Mohammad bin Mohammad, Tarikh Tabari, bincike: Mohammad Roshan, Tehran, Soroush, bugu na biyu, 1378.
- Saadi, Diwane Ash'ar, Gidan Yanar Gizon Ganjur.
- Tabatabaei, Seyyed Mohammad Hossein, Al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an, Qum, Islamic publishing house affiliated with Kum seminary community, bugu na biyar, 1417H.
- Tabari, Muhammad bin Jarir, Jame Al-Bayan fi Tafsir Kur'ani, Beirut, Darul Marafa, bugun farko, 1412H.
- Tarihi, Fakhreddin, Majma Al-Baharaini, bincike: Seyed Ahmad Hosseini, Tehran, kantin sayar da littattafai na Mortazavi, bugu na uku, 1375.
- Tusi, Muhammad bin Hassan, Al-Amali, Qum, Darul Taqfa, bugun farko, 1414H.
- Tousi, Muhammad bin Hassan, Al-Tibyan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an, tare da gabatarwar Sheikh Aghazoorzur Tehrani da bincike na Ahmed Qusayr Aamili, Beirut, Dar Ihya al-Trath al-Islami, Bita.
- Fakhr Razi, Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Omar, Mufatih Al-Ghaib, Beirut, Dar Ihya Al-Trath al-Arabi, bugu na uku, 1420H.
- Qommi, Ali bin Ibrahim, Tafsir al-Qummi, wanda Seyyed Tayyeb Mousavi Jazayeri yayi bincike, Qum, Dar al-Katab, bugu na 4, 1367.
- Kulaini, Muhammad bin Yaqub, Al-Kafi, bincike na Ali Akbar Ghafari da Muhammad Akhundi, Tehran, Dar al-Kitab al-Islamiya, bugu na 4, 1407H.
- Mustafavi, Seyd Hassan, Tahaqiq fi kalamat Al-Qur'an Al-Karim, Tehran, Kamfanin Fassara da Bugawa, 1360.
- Makarem Shirazi, Nasser, Tafsir Namuneh, Tehran, Dar al-Kitab al-Islamiya, bugun farko, 1374.
- Hanya na waje