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Daƙiƙa:Al-Kafi (Littafi)

Ƙara hanyoyin mahaɗar
Daga wikishia
Kada a rikita shi da Usulul Kafi ko kuma da Al-Kafi Fil Fiƙhi
Al-Kafi
MarubuciMuhammad Bin Yaƙub Kulaini
Tarihin rubutuƘarni na 4 hijira ƙamari
Maudu'iHadisan Imamai Ma'asumai
SaloBisa tsarin rubutun jami'u na hadisi
HarsheLarabci
Mai gyaraAli Akbar Gafari
Adadin JildiAkwai bugu mai jildi 8 da mai jildi 15
Tarjama zuwa sauran harsunaFarsi•Urdu•Ingilishi
Wurin da aka buga shiƘum•Lukohano•Shiraz•Tabriz
Tarihin bugawaTun daga shekara ta 1278 ta Hijira, da shekarun da suka biyo baya an buga shi sau da yawa.
Mai tarjamaSayyid Jawad Musɗafawi• Sayyid Hashim Rasuli Mahallati• Muhammad Husain Rahimiyan• Muhammad Baƙir Behbudi


Al-Kafi (Larabci: الكافي ) mafi muhimmanci da ingancin littafin hadisi na Shi'a kuma ɗaya ne daga cikin litattafan huɗu na tushe a wurin Imamiyya, wanda Muhammad Bin Yaƙub Kulaini (Rasuwa: 329H) ya rubuta. Malaman Shi'a bayan Kulaini sun siffanta wannan littafi nasa a matsaya jigo da babu wani littafi kwatankwacinsa ko kuma samun littafi irinsa yana da wahalar gaske, suna amfanuwa da riwayoyin wannan littafi cikin ijtihadodinsu. Al-Kafi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bayyana aƙidun Shi'a, sannan wannan littafi ya iya samar da daidaito tsakanin ra'ayoyin masu karkata ga zallan hankali da kuma masu karkata ga zallan hadisi. Kulaini sakamakon rayuwa a zamanin gaiba sugra da kuma alaƙar da ya kasance yana da ita tare da sahabban Imamai da samun Usulul Arba'ami'a (Asalai ɗari huɗu). Sai ya samu nasarar naƙalto riwayoyin littafin Al-Kafi da mafi ƙarancin maraiwata da wasiɗa da hanya zuwa ga Ma'asumai (A.S)

Wasu jama'a daga malaman Shi'a masu karkata ga Akhbariyanci (Bin zallan Hadisi) suna da ra'ayin cewa baki ɗayan riwayoyin cikin Al-Kafi sun fito ne daga Ma'asumai sha huɗu, wasu kuma daban duk da cewa ba su yarda da tabbacin baki ɗayan hadisan cikin wannan littafi sun fito daga Ma'asumai ba, amma tare da haka suna da ra'ayin cewa baki ɗayan hadisan cikin wannan littafi suna da inganci, kai ta kai ga ana cewa sunan wannan littafi Al-Kafi ya fito daga Imam Mahadi (A.F) ya kira shi da Al-Kafi ya wadatar da Shi'armu, duk da cewa da yawa-yawan malaman Shi'a ba su yarda da wannan magana da aka jinginawa Imam Mahadi (A.F) ba. A gefe guda, yawancin malaman Shi'a masu bin makarantar Usul suna da ra'ayin cewa akwai da'ifan hadisai cikin Al-Kafi, kaɗai suna aiki da hadisan da suka yi bincike kansu tare da auna ingancinsu, da wannan dalili ne wasu masu bincike da masana hadisi suka tashi suka bambance ingantattun hadisai daga raunana a cikin Al-Kafi.

Kulaini, bisa abin da ya faɗa da bakinsa ya ce ya himmatu cikin tattaro hadisan cikin Al-Kafi kan tushen rashin saɓawa Kur'ani da kuma dacewa tare da ijma'i, ya ce ya yi matuƙar taka tsantsan cikin ɗebo riwayoyi masu karo da juna da masu motsa shubuha, amma tare da haka bai yi ƙasa a gwiwa ba cikin naƙalto riwayoyi da suka samu karɓuwa wurin ƴanshi'a ko da kuwa sun kasance riwayoyi ne na marawaita masu tayar da muhawara da jayayya. Ya yi bakin ƙoƙarinsa wajen kawo cikakkun sanadai na riwayoyi, wasu lokuta yana amfani da kalmar "Iddatun min as'habina" (Wasu adadi daga Shi'armu) wanda haka yana nuni da cewa hadisi guda ɗaya yana da sanadi fiye da guda ɗaya. Amma tare da haka. ya daidaita maganganu na hanyoyin riwayoyi (isnad), da kuma sunayen marawaita da na Imamai.

Marubucin Al-Kafi bai ambaci madogaran da ya dogara da su cikin rubuta littafin ba; amma masu bincike sun bayyana cewa Kulaini ya naƙalto da yawan hadisai daga litattafai da malaman hadisi guda 34, sannan kuma mafi yawansa sun samo asali ne daga hanyar malaman makarantar hadisi ta Ƙum, musamman hanyar Ali Bin Ibrahim Ƙummi da Muhammad Bin Yahaya Al-Aɗɗar.

Adadin riwayoyin Al-Kafi sun kasance tsakanin dubu 15 zuwa 16 wanda aka bayyana shi matsayin littafin hadisi mafi kammala da cika a wurin Shi'a. An wallafa littafin Al-Kafi cikin sashe uku: Usulul Al-Kafi, Furu'ul Al-Kafi da Raudatul Al-Kafi. Ana la'akari da Usulul Al-Kafi a matsayin mafi shahara daga sauran sakamakon kasancewarsa ya himmatu da riwayoyi da suke bayanin matsayin hankali da cikin tunanin Shi'a da kuma bambance-bambancen mazhabobi a zamanin rubuta littafin, An fara littafin Al-Kafi da rukunan (hadisai) da suka danganta da hankali. Furu'ul Kafa ya ƙunshi rukunan fikihu (shari'a) a cikin sassa goma sha shida (16). Rawdatul Kafi kuma bai da sassan yanki (babban sashe), kuma ba tare da wani tsari na musamman ba, ya ƙunshi rukunan da suka shafi batutuwa daban-daban kamar akhlaƙ, tarihi, ilmin sanin duniya da kuma nasihohi da wa'azi.

An bayyana kwafin hannu na littafin Al-Kafi da yawa sosai, har zuwa kwafi 1200, kuma mafi tsufa daga cikin kwafin da aka samo ya kasance daga shekara ta 652 Hijira. An buga littafin Al-Kafi sau da yawa ta hanyar bugu na dutse (lithography) da na haruffa, gaba ɗaya ko kuma raba shi zuwa sassan Usul (tushe), Furu' (rassa), da Rawda. An fassara wannan littafin zuwa harsunan Farisa, Urdu, da Turanci, kuma malamai da yawa sun rubuta sharhi (bayani) da hasiyoyi (ƙananan bayanai) a kansa. Manyan malamai kamar Allama Majlisi, Mulla Sadra, da Mulla Salihu Mazandarani sun kasance daga cikin shahararrun masu sharhin littafin Al-Kafi.

Matsayin Da Littafin Al-Kafi Yake Da Shi A Cikin Al'adun Shi'a

Littafin AL-Kafi ɗaya ne daga litattafan hadisi masu daraja ta ɗaya a wurin Shi'a[1] Ya kasance cikakken littafi na riwaya na farko bayan zamanin Imamai Ma'asumai[2] Al-Kafi ya kasance ɗaya daga litattafai huɗu na tushe a Imamiyya wanda bisa la'akari da zamani an riga fara rubuta shi tun kafin sauran guda ukun.[3] An ce littafin Al-Kafi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa cikin warware rikice-rikicen cikin mazhaba tare da daidaita tunanin aƙidun Shi'a.[4] Azizullahi Uɗaridi, masanin litattafan Shi'a, ya tafi kan cewa malaman fiƙihu na Shi'a cikin tsawon ƙarnoni a kodayaushe sun kasance suna komawa ga littafin Al-Kafi[5] kuma sun kasance suna fifita wannan littafi da rinjayar da shi kan sauran litattafan hadisi.[6] Kuma suna la'akari da hadisan cikin wannan littafi matsayin hadisai ababen dogara da amincewa.[7]

Littafin Al-Kafi ya sami yabo daga manya-manyan malaman Shi'a,[8] Shaik Mufid yana ganin wannan littafi matsayin littafi mafi ɗaukaka cikin litattafan hadisi na Shi'a,[9] Shahidul Awwal[10] da Muhaƙƙiƙul Karaki[11] sun kira wannan littafi da littafi da bai da tsara da kwatankwaci cikin litattafan Imamiyya. Shahidus Sani ya bayyana cewa haƙiƙa Al-Kafi ta fuskacin tattaro hadisai da kyakkyawan salo da basira cikin tsara babobi (Rarraba babi-babi), ya kasance littafi da babu kamarsa a duk duniya.[12] Haka kuma, Majlisi na farko ya ɗauki wannan littafi -idan aka kwatanta shi da sauran litattafai na Usul ɗin hadisi yana kasancewa littafi mafi tsari da cikakken bayani, ya kuma gabatar da wannan littafi a matsayin littafi mafi alheri da girma ga rabautacciyar ƙungiya ta wallafa ma'ana (Imamiyya) a cikin ƙarnoni na farko.[13]

Muhammad Amin Astar'abadi (Rasuwa: 1036H) wanda ya assasa Akhbariyanci, ya naƙalto daga zantuka da maganganun malamansa cewa a Muslunci ba a rubuta wani littafi misalin Al-Kafi ba.[14] Agha Buzurg Tehrani, shahararren masanin litattafan Shi'a, yana da ra'ayin cewa cikin naƙalin hadisi daga Ahlil-Baiti (A.S), ba a rubuta littafin misalin Al-Kafi ba.[15] Abul Hassan Sha'arani (Rasuwa: 1973M) shima ya bayyana Al-Kafi littafi mafi cika da tsari da inganci da cikar fa'ida da aka tattara, wanda matsayinsa yake kasancewa bayan Kur'ani mai girma.[16]

Al-Kafi Da Irin Gudammawar Da Ya Bayar Wajen Gina Aƙidun Shi'a

A cewar Sayyid Muhammad Ali Ayazi, masanin Kur'ani da fiƙihun Shi'a, kasancewar Kulaini ya rayu a zamanin da tattaunawa kan ilimomin hankali da falsafa sun yaɗu matuƙa tsakankanin Musulmi, sai ya fara littafinsa da riwayoyi masu alaƙa da hankali.[17] A cewar Ali Ma'amuri, mai bincike, farawar littafin Al-Kafi da hadisan hankali da jahilci, da jaddadawa kare halaccin amfani da hankali, Abin da ya bai wa mazhabar Shi'a cikakkiyar fuska ta hankali kuma ya zama abin so da yabawa ga malaman aƙida.[18]

Riwayoyin aƙida na cikin Al-Kafi kusan sun kai ɗaya bisa huɗu na baki ɗayan riwayoyin cikin littafin,[19] An ce sun taka muhimmiyar rawa mai tasirin gaske cikin gina makarantar aƙida ta Shi'a.[20] Kulaini cikin tsara riwayoyin aƙida na Al-Kafi, ya yi la'akari daga gefe guda da manya-manyan mas'aloli na ginshiƙi a muhawara da rikice-rikicen ƙungiyoyi da mazhabobi a wancan zamani. A gefe guda kuma, ya yi bakin ƙoƙari cikin wannan littafi na sa ya tsara mafi yawan muhawarori na aƙida da tsarin da ya dace.[21]

A cewar Ali Ma'amuri, muhimman siffofin sashen riwayoyin aƙida a cikin Al-Kafi, shi ne ƙoƙarin Kulaini wajen kawo ƙarshen jayayya da rikice-rikicen muhawarorin aƙida na cikin gida a mazhabar Shi'a, ƙoƙarin da ya faru tare da tattaro mabambantan ra'ayoyi game da batutuwa na saɓani.[22] A nce muhimmancin wannan salo yana ƙara bayyanuwa idan muka san cewa Kulaini ya rayu ne a zamanin da ake kira da suna zamanin ruɗani, zamanin da Imami na sha biyu ya rayu cikin gaiba (ɓuyewa) kuma ƙungiyoyi daban-daban suka ɓulla cikin Shi'a.[23]

Mafi Muhimmanci Daga Cikin Litattafan Hadisi
Litattafai Huɗu Na Shi'a
Al-Kafi • Man La Yahduruhul Faƙihu (Littafi)|)|Man La Yahduruhul Faƙihu • Tahzibul Ahkam • Al-Istibsar Fi Maktalafa Minal Akhbar
Sanannun Litattafan Hadisi Na Shi'a
Biharul Al-Anwar • Wasa'ilush Shi'a • Al-Wafi • Mustadrakul Wasa'il • Safinatul Bihar • Jami'u Ahadisush Shi'a • Sauran Litattafan Hadisi Na Shi'a
Littattafan Hadisi Guda Shida Na Ahlus-Sunna
Sahihul Bukhari • Sahihu Muslim • Sunanu Abi Dawud • Sunanu Ibn Maja • Sunanu Tirmizi • Sunanu Nasa'i
Hanyoyin Rubuta Hadisi
Rubuta Asalai • Rubuta Mustadrak • Rubuta Amali • Rubuta Manaƙib • Rubuta Gaiba • Rubuta Musnad • Rubuta Garibul Hadis • Rubuta Arba'una Hadis • Rubuta Litattafan Hadisi • Rubuta Addu'o'i Da Ziyarori • Rubuta Mausu'a


Marubuci

Babban labari: Muhammad Bin Yaƙub Kulaini

Muhammad Bin Yaƙub Bin Is'haƙ Kulaini Razi, wanda aka fi sani da Siƙatul Islam da Shehun Shehunai, shahararren malamin Shi'a a zamanin gaiba sugra. A zamaninsa ya kasance ana ƙidaya shi matsayin mafi girma daga manyan malaman hadisi na Shi'a.[24] Kulaini sai da ya ɗauki tsawon shekaru ashiri cikin rubuta wannan littafi.[25] Kamar yadda ya zo cikin gabatarwa ta littafin Al-Kafi, ya rubuta wannan littafi domin amsa buƙatar wani ɗan uwa na addini, saboda yawan saɓanin da yake a cikin riwayoyi a wancan lokaci ya jawo ruɗani, da wannan dalili ne Kulaini ya yanke shawarar rubuta wani littafi wanda kamar yadda ya faɗa da bakinsa littafin zai tattaro baki ɗayan fannonin ilimin addini.[26] Ba'arin masu bincike suna da ra'ayin cewa dalilin sanya wa wannan littafi suna Al-Kafi yana komawa ga maganar Kulaini na cewa littafinsa yana wadatarwa ga dukkanin fannonin ilimin addini.[27]

Adadin Riwayoyin Al-Kafi

An ambaci mabambantan adadin riwayoyin da aka tattaro cikin littafin Al-Kafi.[28] Yusuf Bahrani cikin littafifn Lu'lu'atul Bahraini ya ambaci adadin hadisai 16199, Dakta Husaini Ali Mahfuz cikin muƙaddimar Al-Kafi ya ambaci adadi 15176, Allama Majlisi ya ce 16121, wasu kuma daban sun ambaci 15503.[29] Wannan bambance-bambancen lambobi ya samo asali ne daga rashin kasancewar ma'auni a bayyananne wajen tantance haɗin kai ko yawan rarrabuwar riwayoyi.[30] Da ma'anar kasancewar ba'arin riwayoyi an ambace tare da sanadi guda biyu, wasu kuma da sanadi guda ɗaya, wasu rukuni daga riwayoyi mursalai an yi la'akari da su matsayin hadisi guda ɗaya, wasu kuma ba a ambace ba a cikin lissafi ba, a wasu lokuta ana ɗaukar dalilin bambance-bambancen lambobin adadi matsayin rashin wasu riwayoyin a cikin wasu kwafi-kwafin littafin Al-Kafi.[31]

Iƙirarin Cewa Imam Mahadi (A.F) Ya Amince Da Wannan Littafi

Irin matsayi mai girma da Al-Kafi ya samu tsakanin ƴanshi'a ta kai ga wasu suna da'awar cewa an kai wannan littafi wurin Imam Mahadi (A.F), sai ya ce "Al-Kafi Kafin Li Shi'atina" Ma'ana littafin Al-Kafi ya wadatar ga ƴanshi'armu,[32] da wannan dalili ne wasu suka ce sunan Al-Kafi an ciro shi daga wannan jumla da ake danganta ta ga Imam Mahadi (A.F).[33] Sai dai cewa da yawa-yawan malaman Shi'a kamar [[Muhammad Baƙir Majlisi|Allama Majlisi][34] da Mirza Husaini Nuri suna da ra'ayin cewa wannan magana ba ta da asali.[35]

Tsarin Wannan Littafi

An rubuta littafin Al-Kafi cikin tsarin rubutun da ya ƙunshi komai[36] yana da sassa guda uku: Usul, Furu'u da Rauda: sashen Usul ya tattaro riwayoyin aƙida, sashen furu'u ya tattaro hadisan fiƙihu sannan Rauda ta tattaro hadisai daban-daban.[37] Al-Kafi ya fara da muhawarori na share fage a cikin fagen hankali da jahilci da falalar ilimi, bayan nan ya gangara kan muhawarorin aƙida[38] Bayan kuma ya gangara kan magana kan kyawawan halaye da ladubban ibada, sannan ya tsallaka kan hukunce-hukunce na reshe da fiƙihu.[39]

Cikin tsari na gaba ɗaya na Al-Kafi, an rarrabe shi bisa tushen asali da na reshe kuma na tsara hadisai cikin adadi manyan litattafai da batutuwa masu yawa na rassa.[40] Da wannan dalili littafin Al-Kafi ya kasance mafi faɗaɗuwar littafin hadisi a Shi'a a cikin tsofaffin rubuce-rubucen malaman Imamiyya wanda ya tattaro riwayoyin aƙida, kyawawan halaye, zamantakewa, tarihi da sauransu cikin tsari mai ƙirƙira gaba ɗaya[41] ya tattaro su tare da hadisai na fiƙihu, kuma ba kamar sauran litattafan haidisi na Kutubul Arba'a (Litattafan hadisi guda huɗu na Shi'a) ba ya taƙaita kansa ga hadisai na fiƙihu kaɗai.[42]

Usulul Kafi

Babban labari: Usulul Kafi

Usulul Kafi ya tattaro hadisai na aƙida ya kuma ƙunshi sassa 8 tare da taken "Kitab".[43] Kulaini cikin littafin Al-Hujja kafin naƙalto riwayoyi masu alaƙa da haihuwar ko wane Imami yana farawa da bayanin share fage game da rayuwar wannan Imami.[44]

  • Kitabul Al-Aƙli Wal Jahli
  • Kitabul Fadlil Ilmi
  • Kitabut Tauhid
  • Kitabul Hujja
  • Kitabul Iman Wal Kufri
  • Kitabud Du'a
  • Kitabu Fadlil Kur'an
  • Kitabul Ishra

Furu'ul Kafi

Furu'ul Kafi ya ƙunshi riwayoyi na fiƙihu ya kuma ƙunshi sassa da taken "Kitab" guda 26[45] Tare da haka furu'ul kafi bai keɓance wani sashe game da hadisai na babin khumusi, wakilci, musabaƙa da harbi da shufu'a ba.[46]

  • Kitabul Ɗahara
  • Kitabul Haizi
  • Kitabul Jana'iz
  • Kitabus Salat
  • Kitabuz Zakat Was Sadaƙa
  • Kitabus Siyam
  • Kitabul Hajji
  • Kitabul Jihad
  • Kitabul Ma'isha
  • Kitabun Nikahi
  • Kitabul Aƙiƙa
  • Kitabuɗ Ɗalaƙ
  • Kitabul Itƙi Wat Tadbir Wal Mukataba
  • Kitabus Saidi
  • Kitabul Zaba'ihi
  • Kitabul Aɗ'ima
  • Kitabul Ashriba
  • Kitabuz Zayyi Wal Tajammul Wal Muruwwa
  • Kitabud Dawajin
  • Kitabul Wisaya
  • Kitabul Mawaris
  • Kitabul Hudud
  • Kitabud Diyat
  • Kitabush Shahadat
  • Kitabul Ƙazaya Wal Ahkam
  • Kitabul Iman Wan Nuzurat Wal Kaffarat

Raudatul Kafi

Raudatul Kafi ya ƙunshi hadisai daban-daban kuma wajen kawo hadisai bai da wani tsari na jerantawa.[47] Sanadan wannan sashe ba su da daidaito da cikakken kulawa kamar na sauran sassan da suka gabace su;[48] Da wannan dalili ne wasu malamai suke ganin Raudatul Kafi bai kasance ɓangaren littafin Al-Kafi ba;[49] Amma Najashi da Ɗusi sun tabbatar da cewa Raudatul Kafi shi ne sashe na ƙarshe daga littafin Al-Kafi.[50] Batutuwan wannan littafi sun kasance kamar haka:

Tsarin Kulaini A Cikin Littafin Al-Kafi

Littafin Al-Kafi ya kasance littafi na musamman ta fuskar tsari da jerin rarraba riwayoyi rukuni-rukuni, yawan hadisai, cikar sarƙar sanadi da kuma faɗaɗar batutuwan aƙida, fiƙihu, ɗabi'a, zamantakewa da sauransu.[51]

Tsarin Matani

Bisa gabatarwar da Kulaini ya yi a littafinsa, an ce ya tattaro hadisai kan asasi ma'aunin rashin saɓawa Kur'ani da dacewa da Ijma'i, idan ya tsinci kansa wurin da bai samu wata fuska da zai rinjayar da riwaya kan wata riwaya da suka ci karo da juna ba, tsakanin riwayoyi biyu, yana zaɓar riwayar da yake ganin tafi kusa da inganci a fahimtarsa.[52] Kulaini ya yi bakin ƙoƙarinsa wajen ganin ya kawo hadisai mafi faifaice bayani, mafi inganci kuma mafi bayyana, sannan daga baya ya kawo hadisai masu ɗan ruɗani da rashin bayyana.[53] Kulaini ba ya naƙalto riwayoyi masu karo da juna, kaɗai ya tattaro riwayoyin da ya yarda da su ya kuma rinjayar da su kan sauran riwayoyi.[54]

Ɗaya daga cikin siffofin littafin Al-Kafi wanda ya bambanta da su, akwai yawan riwayoyi wanda cikinsu aka yi amfani da Kur'ani musamman ayoyin hukunce-hukunce.[55] Kulaini bai naƙalto daga tarin riwayoyi da suka kasance cikin litattafai na hadisi da suka gabace shi ba, sakamakon ko dai waɗannan riwayoyi sun kasance masu rauni, ko kuma rashin samun ingantacciyar shaida da take tabbatar da su, ko kuma wasaƙar (Aminci) marawaitansu bai tabbata ba a wurin Kulaini, ko yana ɗaukarsu cikin hadisai da gullatu (Masu wuce iyaka) suka ƙirƙira.[56] Kulaini yana yin matuƙar taka tsantsan cikin naƙalto hadisai da suke motsa shubuha, amma kuma yana naƙalto riwayoyin da suka samu karɓuwa wurin Shi'a ko da kuwa sun kasance ta hanyar mutane masu jayayya da tayar da muhawara kamar Ibn Abi Ya'afur da Fadlu Bin Shazan.[57] Saboda haka, ana la'akari da Al-Kafi matsayin ma'auni tsakatsaki tsakanin ra'ayin bin zallan hankali a aƙida da kuma masu karkata zuwa ga riƙo da zahirin hadisi.[58]

Kulaini ya ƙauracewa naƙalin ma'anar hadisi banda lafazinsa, ya yi iya ƙoƙarinsa wajen naƙalto hadisi daidai da abin da ya zo a litattafan da suka gabace shi,[59] Na'am wasu lokutan ya kan daddatsa hadisi guda ya kawo wani sashe daga wannan hadisi cikin wani babi wani sashe cikin wani babin daban,[60] Wasu lokuta Kulaini ya kan fayyace bambance-bambancen naƙalin hadisai tare da ambato sanadi, ko kuma ba tare da sanadi ba.[61]

Maganganun Da Ba Hadisi Ba A Cikin Al-Kafi

Duk da cewa ya yanke shawarar tattaro iya hadisan Ma'asumai, amma tare da haka a wasu wurare silsilar sarƙar sanadin hadisan ba ta kai wa ga Ma'asumai.[62] Sayyid Abul Ƙasim Khuyi cikin muƙaddimar littafin Mu'ujamu Rijalil Hadis ya lissafo misalai da samfura guda goma sha biyu daga waɗannan wurare.[63] Wasu lokuta Kulaini ya kan yi bayanin ra'ayoyinsa na fiƙihu cikin fasali na musamman[64] Kamar dai yadda cikin Usulul Kafi wasu lokuta ya kasance yana bayyana ra'ayoyinsa na aƙida da falsafa.[65]

Hanyoyin Kulaini Na Cikin Binciken Sanadin Hadisai

Kulaini in banda a wasu wurare kaɗan, mafi yawan wurare ya kasance yana kawo cikakkun sanadan hadisai tare da dukkanin abubuwan da suka shafa.[66] Idan hadisin ya zo ta wasu adadin hanyoyi, ya kasance yana ambato baki ɗayan silsilar sarƙar sanadan da suke da alaƙa da wannan hadisi[67] Wannan aiki nasa (Na ambato sarƙar silsilar hadisai) ya sanya hadisai shahararru da mustafiz ake iya gane su da.[68] A wurare masu yawa Kulaini a ƙoƙarinsa na nuna adadin marawaitan hadisi guda ɗaya ya yi amfani da kalmar "عِدَّةً مِن أصحابِنا" ma'ana daga wasu adadi daga Shi'a.[69] An rubutu maƙaloli da risaloli masu yawa domin bayyana manufar Kulaini daga kalmar عِدَّةً مِن أصحابِنا, Ba'ari daga cikinsu an tattara su cikin littafin "Shenakte Name Kulaini Wal Kafi" ma'ana Sanin Kulaini da littafinsa Al-Kafi.[70]

Kulaini cikin rubuta Al-Kafi ya yi amfani da Usulul Arba'ami'a wanda sahabban Imamai suka rubuta. kuma tare da ganawa tare da sahabban Imaman Shi'a ko waɗanda suka ga sahabban Imamai, ya samu nasarar samun hadisai cikin tsani da tsakani mafi ƙaranci[71] da wannan dalili ne a cikin Al-Kafi aka samu wasu hadisai tare da tsakani uku kaɗai suna kai wa zuwa ga Ma'asumai[72] kuma saboda wannan yanayin ne ya zama na musamman da babu makamancinsa.[73] Wasu sun ba da rahotan cewa adadin irin waɗannan hadisan (Masu gajeren silsilar sarƙar sanadi) sun kai wurare 135.[74]

Bisa binciken Sayyid Muhammad Jawad Shubairi, Kulaini yayin rubuta Al-Kafi a lokacin da yake ƙoƙarin tsara wannan littafi da daidaita shi ya yi wasu canje-canje cikin matanin silsilar sanadan hadisai, ya yi amfani da kalmar an'ana a wurin jumlolin al'ada na riwaya da labari da aka saba da su kamar haddasana da akhbarana[75] ya daidaita sunayen masu riwaya ya kuma taƙaice su,[76] Kuma ya daidaita taken Ma'asumai, alal misali ga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) a maimakon Jafar Bin Muhammad, sai ya ya maye gurbinsa da alkunyarsa na Abu Abdillah.[77]

Madogaran Littafin Al-Kafi

Haƙiƙa Kulaini bai ambaci sunayen madogaran da ya dogara da su ba cikin rubuta Al-Kafi[78] kaɗain an samu ishara zuwa ga litattafai guda uku a cikin matanin Al-Kafi.[79] A cewar masu bincike, farkon asalan hadisi na Shi'a wanda aka fi sani da Usulul Arba'ami'a,[80] ko dai sashe mai yawan gaske daga waɗannan asalai[81] sun kasance wurin Kulaini, ko kuma dai ya amfana daga gare su cikin rubuta littafin Al-Kafi.

Kan asasin binciken Sayyid Muhammad Jawad Shubairi, masanin hadisi a Shi'a, za a iya sanya litattafan Basa'irud Darajat, Mahasin, littafin Husaini Bin Sa'id ko Nawadir Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, littafin Abu Sa'id Usfuri, da littafin Sulaim Bin Ƙaisi daga cikin madogaran da Kulaini ya yi amfani da su kuma har zuwa wannan zamani da muke ciki waɗannan litattafai suna nan.[82] Haka kuma, malamin ya yi ishara zuwa ga adadin litattafai na malaman Kulaini da kuma waɗanda ba na malamansa ba a matsayin madogaran Al-Kafi, waɗanda a yau ana lissafa su cikin jerin litattafan da suka ɓace.[83]

A cewar Sayyid Muhammad Ayazi, malamin addini mai bincike a Shi'a, haƙiƙa Kulaini ya naƙalto riwayoyin cikin Al-Kafi daga mutane guda 34 daga malamansa.[84] Tare da haka, an bayar da rahoton cewa kaso 99% na waɗannan hadisai ya naƙalto su ne daga marawaita guda takwas[85] riwayoyi 55 ne kacal ya naƙalto ta hanyar wasu marawaita 26 daban[86] Daga cikinsu, mutane biyar daga shehunan asali na Al-Kafi suna da alaƙa da makarantar hadisi ta Ƙum.[87] Kamar dai yadda aka sani haƙiƙa Kulaini ya naƙalto fiye da riwaya dubu bakwai ta hanyar Ali Bin Ibrahim Ƙummi, haka kuma ya naƙalto fiya da dubu biyar ta hanyar Muhammad Bin Yahaya Al-Aɗɗar.[88] Haka kuma an ce duk da cewa Kulaini ya yi zamani ɗaya tare da nuwwabul arba'a na Imam Mahadi (A.S) amma bashi da wata alaƙa ta musamman tare da su.[89] Har lla yau, Kulaini ya naƙalci riwaya daga wasu marawaita daban guda 20.[90]

Ingancin Al-Kafi

An yi bayanin ra'ayoyi da mahanga daban-daban game da ingancin riwayoyin Al-Kafi.[91]

Akhbariyawa Da Ingancin Al-Kafi

Wasu daga malamai mabiya hanyar akhbariyanci kamar Mulla Amin Astar'abadi da Mulla Khalil Ƙazwini waɗanda aka bayyana su a matsayi Akhbariyawa masu tsanantawa, suna ɗaukar baki ɗayan hadisan Al-Kafi a matsayin hadisai da aka tabbatar da zuwansu daga Ma'asumai.[92] Tare da haka, wasu akhbariyawan daban, duk da cewa ba su yarda da tabbacin zuwan baki ɗayan riwayoyin Al-Kafi daga Ma'asumai ba, amma tare da haka sun yarda da ingancinsu;[93] Kamar dai yadda Muhaddisul Nuri yake da ra'ayin cewa riwayoyin cikin Al-Kafi riwayoyi ne ingantattu kuma ba sa buƙatar bincike na sanin mazajen riwaya, ya kawo dalilai kan wannan mahanga tasa, daga ciki akwai matsayi na musamman da wannan littafi yake da shi da marubucin littafin a wurin malamai da kuma kasancewa ya rayu a zamanin gaiba sugra da kuma yiwuwar nuwwabul arba'a na Imam Zaman sun duba wannan littafi.[94] Daga ƙarshe Allama Majlisi a cikin gabatarwarsa kan littafinsa Mir'atul Uƙul ya yi imani hadisan Al-Kafi suna da inganci kuma hujja ne muddin ba su faɗa cikin saɓani da wasu hadisai ba.[95]

Cikin sukar wannan ra'ayi (Na amincewa da baki ɗayan riwayoyin cikin Al-Kafi) an ce tsakanin Kulaini da keɓantattun na'iban Imam Mahadi babu hulɗa da kai kawo, saboda haka ne bai naƙalto hadisi ko da guda ɗaya ba daga gare su.[96] Haka kuma idan da ace an kai musu littafin Al-Kafi kamar yadda ake cewa, to bisa tsammani mai ƙarfi da Kulaini zai yi ko da ishara ce kan wannan magana a cikin gabatarwa kan littafin bayan wallafa shi.[97] Daɗi kan wannan, Kulaini ya kasance mazaunin garin Rayyu, daidai lokacin da su kuma keɓantattun na'iban Imam sun kasance suna zaune ne a Bagdad suna rayuwa a cikin yanayi na taƙiyya.[98]

Malaman Ilimin Usul Da Ingancin Al-Kafi

Malamai mabiya makarantar usul, duk da sun yi imani Al-Kafi a yana daga litattafai da ake komawa gare su kuma abin dogara, amma hadisai da suke cikinsa ba sa karɓarsu ba tare da bincike kan sanadinsu da auna su ba;[99] Kamar dai yadda Sayyid Muhammad jawad Shubairi, masanin hadisi na Shi'a yake cewa, Shaik Mufid da Sayyid Murtada wasu daga hadisai na Al-Kafi suna ganin ba su da inganci, haka shima Shaik Ɗusi a wasu wurare ya bayyana cewa wasu hadisan Al-Kafi ba su da inganci[100] Haka kuma Shubairi ya tattaro wuraren da Shaik Saduƙ ya yi suka da ƙorafi kan hadisan Kulaini, wanda haka yake nuni da cewa shima Saduk kaɗai yana karɓar hadisan Kulaini bayan bincike da auna ingancinsu.[101]

Malaman Shi'a na baya-bayan nan sun yi bincike kan riwayoyin Al-Kafi bisa ga ƙa'idoji daban-daban, kuma sun yi baƙin ƙoƙarinsu wajen rarrabe ingantattun hadisai daga waɗanda ba ingantattu ba, kuma kan wannan asasi ne aka ba bayar da rahoto cewa wasu sun yi la'akari da hadisai guda 5072 matsayin ingantattun hadisai, wasu suna ganin ba su ma wuce guda 4428 ba, wasu kuma sun ce sun kai 9488.[102] A gefe guda, Hashim Ma'aruf Al-Hasani malamin Shi'a a cikin littafin "Dirasatu Fil Hadisi Wal Muhaddisun" ya lissafo jerin sunayen marawaita hadisi na littafin Al-Kafi waɗanda ake tuhumarsu da rauni, guluwi da gurɓatar aƙida,[103] Tare da haka, malamin yana da ra'ayin cewa sakamakon Kulaini ya dogara da wasu shaidu da dalilai ya yi la'akari da waɗannan hadisai matsayin ingantattun hadisai.[104]

Muhammad Baƙir Behbudi mai bincike kan hadisi da mazajen hadisi shima a ƙarshen ƙarni na 14 ya buga wani littafi mai suna "Sahihul Al-Kafi"[105] Tare da goge da yawa-yawan hadisan Al-Kafi, kaɗai hadisai guda 4428 ne ya tabbatar da ingancinsu[106] bisa dogara da ingancin sanadi da matani.[107] Behbudi yana da ra'ayin cewa duk da cewa riwayoyi 6636 na cikin Al-Kafi riwayoyi ne masu inganci ta fuskar silsilar sanadin riwaya (Isnadi), amma daga cikinsu 2208 sakamakon matsala da suke tattare da ita ta fuskar abin da yake cikinsu, kuma ba zai iya kare su, saboda haka ya cire su.[108]

Jafar Subhani masanin fiƙihu a Shi'a, yana ganin cewa hanya da salon da Behbudi ya bi cikin mu'amala da riwayoyin Al-Kafi hanya ce da ta saɓa da hanya da salon malamai magabata na Shi'a[109] Ya bayyana cewa Behbudi ya yi zaton cewa ya kamata ne a ajiye hadisai muwassaƙ da hasan da da'ifai a gefe, daidai lokacin da da yawa-yawan waɗannan hadisai da Behbudi ya cire su daga Al-Kafi hadisai ne ingantattu, kuma malaman Shi'a sun karɓe su sun yarda da su.[110] Sayyid Muhammad Jawad Shubairi[111] da wasu[112] suma sun yi suka da ƙorafi kan maganganun Behbudi da littafin da ya rubuta.

Riwayoyin Al-Kafi Da Maganar Jirkita Kur'ani

Cikin sassan daban-daban a cikin Al-Kafi an naƙalto wasu riwayoyi waɗanda daga cikinsu za a iya fahimtar jirkitar Kur'ani[113] da wannan dalili ne, Faizul Kashani babban malamin hadisi na Shi'a, yana ɗaukar Kulaini cikin jerin mutanen da suka yi imani da jirkitar Kur'ani,[114]] kamar yadda Muhaddis Nuri a cikin littafinsa Faslul Khiɗab ya ambacin litafin Al-Kafi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin madogaran bincikensa.[115]

Sayyid Muhammad Shubairi yana da ra'ayin cewa waɗannan riwayoyi Kulaini ya ɗebo su ne daga litattafan da marubutansu ko marawaitan riwayoyi an raunana su a cikin litattafan sanin mazajen riwaya, saboda haka ba za a iya jingina da'aar jirkitar Kur'ani ba ga malaman Shi'a.[116] A cikin littafin "Difa'u Anil Al-Kafi" na Samir Hashim Al-Amidi ya yi ƙoƙarin bincike kan sanadi da matanin riwayoyin Al-Kafi ɗaya bayan ɗaya waɗanda suke ishara da jirkitar Kur'ani.[117] Daɗi kan wannan, wasu masu bincike daban sun tafi kan cewa Kulaini ya kasance cikin jerin mutane da suka yi imani da rashin jirkitar Kur'ani.[118]

Bincike Da Rubuce-rubuce Game da Littafin Al-Kafi

Kwafi-Kwafin Rubutun Hannu Na Al-Kafi

Kwafi-kwafi na rubutun hannu na Al-Kafi yana da yawan sosai[119] an bayar da rahoto cewa akwai adadin kwafi-kwafin rubutun hannu na Al-Kafi har kusan kwafi 1200[120] Cikin ɗakunan karatu na duniya, ciki har da na ƙasar Indiya, Birtaniya, Jamus, Faransa da sauran ƙasashe da yawa.[121] Bisa wani rahoto, mafi tsufa da daɗewar kwafin da aka samu na Al-Kafi shi ne kwafin Yahaya Bin Sa'id Hilli babban malamin fiƙihun Shi'a a ƙarni na bakwai hijira wanda aka rubuta shi a shekarar 652 hijira ƙamari.[122]

Bisa wani rahoto da ya zo game da littafin Al-Kulaini Wal Kafi, daga cikin mafi tsufan kwafin hannu na Al-Kafi kusan guda 150 da yake cikin ɗakin karatu na Astana ƙudus Rezawi,[123] wani kwafi ne da aka rubuta shi a shekara ta 675 bayan hijira (Shekara ta 1276 miladiyya).[124] Wannan kwafi ba cikakke bane kaɗai ya ƙunshi wani sashe ne daga Al-Kafi.[125] Haka kuma, an ambaci wani kwafi na hannu da yake a ɗakin karatu na Mar'ashi Najafi, wanda aka rubuta shi tun shekara ta 953 bayan hijira (1546 miladiyya) Shahidus Sani ya yi nazarin wannan kwafi ya duba shi tare da yin gyare-gyare.[126]

Sharhukan Littafin Al-Kafi

Littafin Al-Kafi tun daga daurori na farko ya kasance littafi da ya ja hankalin malamai da masana hadisi, saboda haka aka yi rubuce-rubuce masu yawan gaske game da shi, Agha Buzurg Tehrani a cikin littafinsa Az-Zari'a ya ambaci sharhi guda 27 da aka yi akan sashen Usulul Kafi ko duka littafin Al-Kafi da kuma Hashiyoyi (Bayanai na ƙari) guda goma.[127] Daga cikin mafi muhimmancin sharhuka da aka yi kan Al-Kafi akwai bayani da zai zo a ƙasa:

Bincike Game da Al-Kafi

Bincike game da littafin Al-Kafi da marubucinsa Muhammad Bin Yaƙub Kulaini, ya kasance muhimmin ɓangare na bincike game da hadisi.[129] Littafin Kulaini Nameh (Littafin Al-Kulaini) na Sayyid Mahmud Mar'ashi Najafi da Husaini Muttaƙi[130] da "Kitabe Shinashi Kulaini Wa Kitabe Al-Kafi" sun kasance misali da samfuri daga waɗannan rubuce-rubuce.[131] Shima kammalallen littafin nan mai mujalladi huɗu wanda ake kira da suna "Shenaktename Kulaini Wal Kafi" wanda cibiyar Darul Al-Hadis ta wallafa, ya tattaro tarin maƙaloli da rubuce-rubuce da aka yi game da Al-Kafi da Kulaini.[132] A cikin littafin "Kitabeshinasi Kulaini Wa Kitabe Al-Kafi, an tattaro fiye da maƙaloli 55 da risaloli kammala matakan karatun jami'a guda 12,[133] Kuma akwai rahoton cewa akwai rubuce-rubuce guda 22 da suka rubutun fihirisosi game da Al-Kafi.[134] Haka kuma akwai adadin maƙaloli 66 cikin harshen Farsi da aka tattara su cikin littafi mai mujalladi biyar[135] da maƙaloli 22 cikin harshen Larabci da wasu daga cikinsu suka kasance zaɓaɓɓun maƙaloli babban taron tunawa da Siƙatul Islam Kulaini a cikin littafi mai mujalladi biyu.[136]

Sayyid Husaini Burujerdi marja'in taƙlidi a ƙarni na sha huɗu, ya tsara silsilar sanadan hadisai na Al-Kafi tare kuma da jera su, wanda ta hannun almajiransa aka buga shi matsayin cikakken littafi ƙarƙashin take "Tartibe Asanid Kafi"[137] da "Tajride Asanide Al-Kafi"[138] Samir Hashim Al-Amidi ya rubutu aƙalla litattafai mujalladi uku game da Al-Kafi da Kulaini.[139]

Akwai wani marubuci mai suna Abdur-Rasul Al-Gaffar da ya rubuta litattafai guda biyu "Al-Kulaini Wal Kafi" da "Al-Kulaini Wa Khusumatu Abu Zahra".[140] Littafin "Gufteguha Wa Guftareha Darbaraye Kulaini Wa Al-Kafi" shima misali ne daban a fahen bincike kan Al-Kafi, da ya ƙunshi laccoci guda huɗu, maƙaloli biyar, hirarraki takwas, da rahoto na taro guda ɗaya game da tarjamomin da aka yi wa Al-Kafi.[141]

Kwatantta Littafin Al-Kafi Tare Da Sauran Litattafan Hadisai

Muhimman Litattafan Hadisi Mwallafi Rasuwa Adadin Hadisai Bayanai
Al-Mahasin Ahmad Bin Muhammad Barƙi 274H Kusan hadisai 2607 Tarin rukunan hadisai mai dauke da batutuwa daban-daban kamar fiƙihu (shari'a) da ɗabi'a.
Al-Kafi Muhammad Bin Yaƙub Kulaini 329H Kusan hadisai 16000 Rassa na hadisai: Imani, ɗabi'a, ɗabi'un zamantakewa (adabi), da na shari'a (fiƙihu)
Man La Yahduruhul Faƙihu Shaik Saduƙ 381H Kusan hadisai 6000 Hadisai na fiƙihu
Tahzibul Ahkam Shaik Ɗusi 460H Kusan hadisai 13600 Hadisai na fiƙihu
Al-Istibsar Fima Ikhtalafa Minal Akhbar Shaik Ɗusi 460H Kusan hadisai 5500 Hadisai na fiƙihu
Al-Wafi Faizul Kashani 1091H Kusan hadisai 50000 Ya tattaro hadisai daga manyan litattafan hadisi huɗu na Shi'a, amma ya goge maimaici ya kuma yi sharhi cikin ba'arinsu.
Wasa'ilush Shi'a Shaik Hurrul Amili 1104H Hadisai 35850 Hadisai na shari'a (fikihu) daga litattafan hadisi huɗu (kutub al-arba'a) da fiye da saba'in daga wasu litattafan hadisai na daban
Biharul Al-Anwar Allama Majlisi 1110H Hadisai 85000 Tattara mafi yawan riwayoyin Ma'asumai a kan batutuwa daban-daban.
Mustadrakul Wasa'il Mirza Husaini Nuri 1320H Hadisai 23514 Kammala sauran hadisai na fiƙihu da ba su zo ba a cikin Wasa'ilulush Shi'a
Safinatul Bihar Shaik Abbas Ƙummi 1359H Mujalladi 10 Ya gabatar da jerin batutuwa (fihirisa) bisa ga haruffa (alphabet) don littafin Bihar al-Anwar.
Jami'u Ahadisush Shi'a Ayatullah Burejerdi 1380H 48342 Tattarawa da sassaita babukan hadisai na fiƙihu na Shi'a.
Mustadraku Safinatil Bihar Shaik Ali Namazi 1405H Mujalladi 10 Kammala Safinatul Bihar
Al-Hayatu Muhammad Rida Hakimi Khurasani 1443H Mujalladi 12 Yana da fasalai guda 40 cikin mabambantan batutuwa na tunani da kuma aiki
Mizanul Hikma Muhammad Rai Shahri 1443H Hadisai 23030 Take guda 564 wanda ba na fiƙihu ba

Maƙaloli Masu Alaƙa

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Abadi Shahroudi, «Naqd va Tahqiqi dar Zamine-ye Shoruh-e Kafi», s.108..
  2. ↑ Abadi Shahroudi, «Naqd va Tahqiqi dar Zamine-ye Shoruh-e Kafi», s.109.
  3. ↑ Abadi Shahroudi, «Naqd va Tahqiqi dar Zamine-ye Shoruh-e Kafi», s.108.
  4. ↑ Ma'muri, «Zamine-ha-ye Tarikhi-ye Ketab-e Kafi», s.44.
  5. ↑ Attardi, «Mohammad bin Ya'qub Kolayni», s.150.
  6. ↑ Attardi, «Mohammad bin Ya'qub Kolayni», s.162.
  7. ↑ Attardi, «Mohammad bin Ya'qub Kolayni», s.162.
  8. ↑ Ayazi, Kafi-Pazhuhi, 1387 SH, s.9.
  9. ↑ Sheikh Mofid, Tas-hih E'taghadat al-Emamiya, 1414 GH, s.70.
  10. ↑ Shahid-e Awwal, Ejaze-ye Naql-e Hadith, be naql az: Majlesi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 GH, j.106, s.190.
  11. ↑ Moqaqqeq Karaki, Ejaze-ye Naql-e Hadith, be naql az: Majlesi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 GH, j.105, s.63.
  12. ↑ Shahid-e Sani, Ejaze-ye Naql-e Hadith, be naql az: Majlesi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 GH, j.105, s.141.
  13. ↑ Majlesi, Mer'at al-Oqul, 1363 SH, j.1, s.3.
  14. ↑ Astarabadi, al-Fawa'id al-Madaniya, 1424 GH, s.520.
  15. ↑ Agha Bozorg Tehrani, al-Zari'a, 1408 GH, j.17, s.245.
  16. ↑ Sha'rani, «Tagdimato lel Mohashshi», safhe-ye Z.
  17. ↑ Ayazi, Kafi-pazhuhi, 1387 SH (2008-2009M), s.9.
  18. ↑ Ma'muri, «Zamine-ha-ye tarikhi-ye ketab-e Kafi», s.40.
  19. ↑ Ma'muri, «Zamine-ha-ye tarikhi-ye ketab-e Kafi», s.38.
  20. ↑ Ma'muri, «Zamine-ha-ye tarikhi-ye ketab-e Kafi», s.38.
  21. ↑ Ma'muri, «Zamine-ha-ye tarikhi-ye ketab-e Kafi», s.38.
  22. ↑ Ma'muri, «Zamine-ha-ye tarikhi-ye ketab-e Kafi», s.38.
  23. ↑ Ma'muri, «Zamine-ha-ye tarikhi-ye ketab-e Kafi», s.38.
  24. ↑ Bahr al-'Ulum, al-Fawa'id al-rijaliya, 1363 SH (1984-1985M), j.3, s.325.
  25. ↑ 'Attardi, «Mohammad bin Ya'qub Kolayni», s.150.
  26. ↑ Kolayni, al-Kafi, 1363 SH (1984-1985M), j.1, s.5.
  27. ↑ 'Attardi, «Mohammad bin Ya'qub Kolayni», s.161.
  28. ↑ al-Ghaffar, al-Kolayni wa al-Kafi, 1416 Q (1995-1996M), s.401.
  29. ↑ al-Ghaffar, al-Kolayni wa al-Kafi, 1416 Q (1995-1996M), s.401.
  30. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.341.
  31. ↑ al-Ghaffar, al-Kolayni wa al-Kafi, 1416 Q (1995-1996M), s.397.
  32. ↑ al-Ghaffar, al-Kolayni wa al-Kafi, 1416 Q (1995-1996M), s.397.
  33. ↑ al-Ghaffar, al-Kolayni wa al-Kafi, 1416 Q (1995-1996M), s.392.
  34. ↑ Majlesi, Mer'at al-'oqul, 1363 SH (1984-1985M), j.1, s.22.
  35. ↑ Nuri, Mostadrak al-wasayel, 1408 Q (1987-1988M), j.19, bakhsh-e avval, s.39.
  36. ↑ Lotfi, «Ravesh-e Shaykh Kolayni dar tabaghe-bandi-ye rawayat-e Kafi», s.161.
  37. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.285.
  38. ↑ Lotfi, «Ravesh-e Shaykh Kolayni dar tabaghe-bandi-ye rawayat-e Kafi», s.163.
  39. ↑ Lotfi, «Ravesh-e Shaykh Kolayni dar tabaghe-bandi-ye rawayat-e Kafi», s.168.
  40. ↑ Lotfi, «Ravesh-e Shaykh Kolayni dar tabaghe-bandi-ye rawayat-e Kafi», s.163.
  41. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.297.
  42. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.286.
  43. ↑ Modarresi Bujnurdi, Farhang-e kotob-e hadithi-ye Shi'eh, 1385 SH (2006-2007M), s.272.
  44. ↑ Rahman Setayesh, «Kafi», s.476.
  45. ↑ Modarresi Bujnurdi, Farhang-e kotob-e hadithi-ye Shi'eh, 1385 SH (2006-2007M), s.274-275.
  46. ↑ Dehqan-e Mungabadi, «Kolayni va ketab-e al-Kafi», s.461.
  47. ↑ Modir Shanehchi, «Kafi», s.483.
  48. ↑ Modir Shanehchi, «Kafi», s.483.
  49. ↑ Afandi, Riyad al-'olama, matba'at al-Khayyam, j.2, s.261.
  50. ↑ Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1416 Q (1995-1996M), s.377; Tusi, al-Fehrest, 1417 Q (1996-1997M), s.210.
  51. ↑ Mostafavi, Tarjome-ye osul-e Kafi, 1369 SH (1990-1991M), j.1, s.10.
  52. ↑ Kolayni, al-Kafi, 1363 SH (1984-1985M), j.1, s.89; Ma'muri, «Zamine-ha-ye tarikhi-ye ketab-e Kafi», s.33.
  53. ↑ Mostafavi, Tarjome-ye osul-e Kafi, 1369 SH (1990-1991M), j.1, s.10.
  54. ↑ Habib al-'Amidi, «Ma'a al-Kolayni va ketabih al-Kafi», s.128.
  55. ↑ Habib al-'Amidi, «Ma'a al-Kolayni va ketabih al-Kafi», s.127.
  56. ↑ Habib al-'Amidi, «Ma'a al-Kolayni va ketabih al-Kafi», s.127-128.
  57. ↑ Ma'muri, «Zamine-ha-ye tarikhi-ye ketab-e Kafi», s.39.
  58. ↑ Ma'muri, «Zamine-ha-ye tarikhi-ye ketab-e Kafi», s.39.
  59. ↑ Hojjat, «Kolayni va Kafi», s.394.
  60. ↑ Hojjat, «Kolayni va Kafi», s.396.
  61. ↑ Hojjat, «Kolayni va Kafi», s.397.
  62. ↑ Hojjat, «Kolayni va Kafi», s.398.
  63. ↑ Khoei, Mo'jam rijal al-hadith, 1413 Q (1992-1993M), j.1, s.83-84.
  64. ↑ Habib al-'Amidi, «Ma'a al-Kolayni va ketabih al-Kafi», s.128.
  65. ↑ Habib al-'Amidi, «Ma'a al-Kolayni va ketabih al-Kafi», s.128.
  66. ↑ Habib al-'Amidi, «Ma'a al-Kolayni va ketabih al-Kafi», s.118.
  67. ↑ Habib al-'Amidi, «Ma'a al-Kolayni va ketabih al-Kafi», s.118.
  68. ↑ Habib al-'Amidi, «Ma'a al-Kolayni va ketabih al-Kafi», s.118.
  69. ↑ Habib al-'Amidi, «Ma'a al-Kolayni va ketabih al-Kafi», s.121.
  70. ↑ Ghanbari, Shenakhtname-ye Kolayni va al-Kafi, 1387 SH (2008-2009M), j.3, s.347-500.
  71. ↑ Sayyid ibn Tawus, Kashf al-mahjja, 1370 Q (1950-1951M), s.159.
  72. ↑ Hojjat, «Kolayni va Kafi», s.409.
  73. ↑ Hojjat, «Kolayni va Kafi», s.409.
  74. ↑ Hojjat, «Kolayni va Kafi», s.409.
  75. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.315.
  76. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.316-317.
  77. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.316.
  78. ↑ Hosayni Jalal, «Ketab al-Kafi», s.378.
  79. ↑ Hosayni Jalal, «Ketab al-Kafi», s.378.
  80. ↑ al-Ghaffar, al-Kolayni wa al-Kafi, 1416 Q (1995-1996M), s.431-436.
  81. ↑ Shobeyri, «Lozum-e arzyabi-ye sandi-ye ahadith-e Kafi», s.318.
  82. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.314-315.
  83. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.321-335.
  84. ↑ Ayazi, Kafi-pazhuhi, 1387 SH (2008-2009M), s.10.
  85. ↑ Ma'aref, «Mohammad bin Ya'qub Kolayni va ketab-e Kafi», s.426.
  86. ↑ Ma'aref, «Mohammad bin Ya'qub Kolayni va ketab-e Kafi», s.427.
  87. ↑ Ayazi, Kafi-pazhuhi, 1387 SH (2008-2009M), s.9.
  88. ↑ Ma'aref, «Mohammad bin Ya'qub Kolayni va ketab-e Kafi», s.426.
  89. ↑ Shobeyri Zanjani, Jor'eh-i az darya, 1392 SH (2013-2014M), j.1, ss.173-174.
  90. ↑ Gharawi Na'ini, «Zanan-e ravi dar al-Kafi», s.135.
  91. ↑ Qorbani, «Ketab-e Kafi-e Thiqat al-Islam Kolayni», s.62.
  92. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.287.
  93. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.287.
  94. ↑ Nuri, Mostadrak al-wasayel, 1408 Q (1987-1988M), j.21, s.463-480.
  95. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.288.
  96. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.292.
  97. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.295.
  98. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.292.
  99. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.287.
  100. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.288.
  101. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.290-291.
  102. ↑ Hojjat, «Kolayni va Kafi», s.416.
  103. ↑ al-Hasani, Dirasat fi al-hadith wa al-muhaddithin, 1398 Q (1977-1978M), s.192-201.
  104. ↑ al-Hasani, Dirasat fi al-hadith wa al-muhaddithin, 1398 Q (1977-1978M), s.192.
  105. ↑ Behbudi, Sahih al-Kafi, 1425 Q (2004-2005M), j.1, safhe-ye yaj.
  106. ↑ Behbudi, Sahih al-Kafi, 1425 Q (2004-2005M), j.3, s.408.
  107. ↑ Behbudi, Sahih al-Kafi, 1425 Q (2004-2005M), j.1, safhe-ye yaj.
  108. ↑ Behbudi, «Akharin kalam dar 'arse-ye rawayat wa derayat-e hadith», s.29-30.
  109. ↑ Sobhani, «Pasdari az 'arse-ye rawayat wa derayat-e hadith», s.35.
  110. ↑ Sobhani, «Pasdari az 'arse-ye rawayat wa derayat-e hadith», s.34.
  111. ↑ Shobeyri, «Negahi be goftogu-ye dar 'arse-ye rawayat wa derayat-e hadith», s.12-17.
  112. ↑ Javedan, «Bari-ye digar dar 'arse-ye rawayat wa derayat-e hadith», s.36-39.
  113. ↑ Fayz Kashani, Tafsir al-Safi, 1415 Q (1994-1995M), j.1, s.52.
  114. ↑ Fayz Kashani, Tafsir al-Safi, 1415 Q (1994-1995M), j.1, s.52.
  115. ↑ Mo'addab wa Haddad'ian, «Barresi-ye delali-ye rawayat-e tahri'f-nama dar ketab-e Kafi», s.30.
  116. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.336.
  117. ↑ Mo'addab wa Haddad'ian, «Barresi-ye delali-ye rawayat-e tahri'f-nama dar ketab-e Kafi», s.33.
  118. ↑ Mo'addab wa Haddad'ian, «Barresi-ye delali-ye rawayat-e tahri'f-nama dar ketab-e Kafi», s.37.
  119. ↑ Hojjat, «Kolayni va Kafi», s.412.
  120. ↑ al-Ghaffar, al-Kolayni wa al-Kafi, 1416 Q (1995-1996M), s.463.
  121. ↑ Hojjat, «Kolayni va Kafi», s.412.
  122. ↑ al-Ghaffar, al-Kolayni wa al-Kafi, 1416 Q (1995-1996M), s.458.
  123. ↑ al-Ghaffar, al-Kolayni wa al-Kafi, 1416 Q (1995-1996M), s.458.
  124. ↑ al-Ghaffar, al-Kolayni wa al-Kafi, 1416 Q (1995-1996M), s.458.
  125. ↑ Shobeyri, «Pazhuheshi jadid dar ketab-e Kafi», s.341.
  126. ↑ al-Ghaffar, al-Kolayni wa al-Kafi, 1416 Q (1995-1996M), s.463.
  127. ↑ Aqa Bozorg Tehrani, al-Zari'a, 1408 Q (1987-1988M), j.13, s.95 – 99.
  128. ↑ Don sanin cikakke game da sharhuka da hashiva-shina na Kafi, duba: Ghanbari, Ketab-shenasi-ye Kolayni va ketab al-Kafi, 1387 SH (2008-2009M), ss.27-71; Ayazi, Kafi-pazhuhi, 1387 SH (2008-2009M), s.13.
  129. ↑ Ghanbari, Ketab-shenasi-ye Kolayni va ketab al-Kafi, 1387 SH (2008-2009M), s.9.
  130. ↑ Ghanbari, Ketab-shenasi-ye Kolayni va ketab al-Kafi, 1387 SH (2008-2009M), s.9.
  131. ↑ Ghanbari, Ketab-shenasi-ye Kolayni va ketab al-Kafi, 1387 SH (2008-2009M), s.3.
  132. ↑ Ghanbari, Ketab-shenasi-ye Kolayni va ketab al-Kafi, 1387 SH (2008-2009M), s.159-188.
  133. ↑ Ghanbari, Ketab-shenasi-ye Kolayni va ketab al-Kafi, 1387 SH (2008-2009M), s.189-197.
  134. ↑ Kongere-ye beyn al-melali-ye bozorgdasht-e Thiqat al-Islam Kolayni, Majmu'e-ye maqalat-e farsi-ye kongere-ye bozorgdasht-e Kolayni, 1387 SH (2008-2009M), j.1, s.6.
  135. ↑ Ghanbari, Ketab-shenasi-ye Kolayni va ketab al-Kafi, 1387 SH (2008-2009M), s.121.
  136. ↑ Ghanbari, Ketab-shenasi-ye Kolayni va ketab al-Kafi, 1387 SH (2008-2009M), s.119..
  137. ↑ Ghanbari, Ketab-shenasi-ye Kolayni va ketab al-Kafi, 1387 SH (2008-2009M), s.124-125. .
  138. ↑ Ghanbari, Ketab-shenasi-ye Kolayni va ketab al-Kafi, 1387 SH (2008-2009M), s.124-125.
  139. ↑ Ghanbari, Ketab-shenasi-ye Kolayni va ketab al-Kafi, 1387 SH (2008-2009M), s.126..
  140. ↑ Ghanbari, Ketab-shenasi-ye Kolayni va ketab al-Kafi, 1387 SH (2008-2009M), s.126..
  141. ↑ Kongere-ye beyn al-melali-ye bozorgdasht-e Thiqat al-Islam Kolayni, Goftogu-ha va goftar-ha darbare-ye Kolayni va al-Kafi, 1389 SH (2010-2011M), s.1-2.

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