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Muhammad Bin Usman Amri

Daga wikishia
Muhammad Bin Usman Amri
Na'ibi na biyu na musamman daga Nuwwabul Arba'a na Imam Mahadi (A.F) a lokacin Gaiba Sugra
Kabarin Muhammad Bin Usman
Kabarin Muhammad Bin Usman
LaƙabiAmri•Samman•Askari•Kufi•Khallani
NasabaƘabilar Bani Asad
Wurin haihuwaSamarra•Bagdad
Wafati305 hijira
Fitattun dangiUsman Bin Sa'id(Mahaifi)
MazhabaShi'a
SahabiSahabin Imam Askari (A.S)•Imam Mahadi (A.F)
Ya ruwaito daga Ma'asumiImam Askari (A.S)
Waɗanda suka ruwaito daga gare shiYa rawaito daga Usman Bin Sa'id Amri
Maudu'in riwayaRiwaya game da Imam Zaman (A.F)
TalifaiKitabul Ashriba
Sauran ayyukaDu'a'u Simat, Du'a'u Iftitahi da Ziyaratu Ale Yasin, addu'o'i ne da aka naƙalto su ta hanyar Muhammad Bin Usman.


Muhammad Bin Usman Amri Bin Sa'id Amri, (Larabci: محمد بن عثمان بن سعيد عمري) wanda ya rasu shekara 305 hijira ƙamari, wanda ya kasance na biyu cikin nuwwabul arba'a ga Imami na goma sha biyu wurin ƴanshi'a bayan mahaifinsa Usman Bin Sa'id. Tun farko ya kasance daga wakilan Imam Zaman (A.F) kuma masu taimakawa babansa, bayan rasuwar babansa ya yi kusan shekaru 40 yana na'ibanci Imam Zaman (A.F), ma'ana daga shekara 265-305 hijira ƙamari a zamanin gaiba sugra. Tare da cewa cikin riwayar Imam Askari (A.S) da wasiƙar Imam Zaman (A.F) ƙarara a fili magana ta zo kan na'ibancin Muhammad Bin Usman, amma wasu cikin ƙungiyar wakilcin Imamai sai da suka yi shakku da kokwanto cikin na'ibancinsa. Muhammad Bin Usman Bin Sa'id ya kasance da mataimaka da suke taimaka masa cikin gudanar da ƙungiyar wakilci. Yana da rubuce-rubuce cikin fiƙihu kuma an rawaito riwayoyi daga wurinsa game da Sayyidina Mahadi (A.F), shahararrun addu'o'i misalin Simat, Iftitahi da Ziyaratu Ale Yasin suma an naƙalto su daga gare shi.

Tarihih Rayuwa

Babu cikakken bayani game da lokacin da aka haifi Muhammad Bin Usman Bin Sa'id. Cikin litattafan addini an bayyana sunansa da Muhammad ɗan Usman Bin Sa'id (Na'ibi na farko ga Imam Mahadi) ana masa alkunya da "Abu Jafar" daga ƙabilar Asad.[1] Ba a ambaci wata alkunya ta daban ba gare shi a litattafan hadisi da ilimin rijal.[2]

An bayyana adadin wasu laƙubba gare shi: Wani lokaci ana kiransa da "Amri"[3] wanda shi ne laƙabin da yawancin litattafan ilimin rijal suka ambata, wani lokaci kuma "Asadi"[4] wani lokacin daban kuma "Kufi"[5] da "Samman"[6] da "Askari"[7] amma a Iraƙi an fi saninsa da "Khallani".[8]

Rasuwa

Bisa naƙalin riwayoyi, Muhammad Bin Usman ya yi hasashen lokacin mutuwarsa wata biyu kafin ya mutu, marawaicin cikin ganawarsa da shi ya tambaye shi me yasa baka haƙawa kanka ƙabarin da za a binne ka ba? Sai ya ce masa ni an umarce ni na gama aikina bayan wata biyu zan mutu.[9][10]

Mutuwar na'ibi na biyu ta kasance a ƙarshen watan Jimadal Awwal shekara 305.[11] An yi masa jana'iza a Bagdad an kuma binne shi kusa ƙabarin babansa.[12] Bisa wasiyyar Muhammad Bin Usman kuma kan asasin umarnin Imam Zaman (A.F) Husaini Bin Ruhu Naubekti ya je Darul Niyaba a Bagdad ya kuma zama magajinsa.[13]

Wakilci Da Na'ibancin Imam Zaman

Imam Hassan Askari (A.S) ƙarara bayyane a fili ya yi magana game da wakilanci da na'aibancin Muhammad Bin Sa'id da zai yi na Imam Mahadi (A.F), lokacin da wasu jama'a daga ƴanshi'ar Yaman suka zo Samarra wurin Imam Askari, Imam (A.S) ya kirawo Usman Bin Sa'id mahaifin Muhammad Bin Usman ya ba da shaida kan wakilci da kuma gaskiyar Muhammad ya kuma kira shi da wakilin Mahadi (A.F).[14]

Shaik Ɗusi a cikin Kitabul Al-Gaiba, ya naƙalto wata riwaya, wace kan asasinta, Muhammad Bin Usman da babansa Usman Bin Sa'id an bayyana su a amintattu siƙa da suka kasance ababen yarda a wurin Imam Hassan Askari (A.S). bisa wannan riwaya, Imam Hassan Askari (A.S) ya yi bayani a fili: duk abin da suka kawo muku to daga gare ni yake, duk abin da suka faɗa daga gare ni yake, ku saurare su ku yi ɗa'a da biyayya gare su haƙiƙa su ɗin amintattuna ne.[15]

Wani sashe na wasiƙar ta'aziyya:
Daga cikin babban sa’ar mahaifinka akwai cewa Allah ya ba shi ɗa kamar kai, wanda zai zama magaji kuma mai wakilcin sa bisa umarninsa, kuma ka tausaya masa ka roƙa masa gafara. Ni kuma ina cewa: Ina gode wa Allah, domin lallai zukatan mabiya Shi'a sun yi farin ciki da matsayinka da darajarka, da abin da Allah ya sanya a gare ka da kuma a wurinka. Allah Maɗaukaki ya taimake ka, ya ba ka ƙarfi, ya ƙarfafa ka, ya ba ka nasara, kuma ya kasance mai kiyaye ka da tsare ka. Kamalud-dini Wa Tamamun Ni'ima J 2 shafi 510.

Kamalud-dini Wa Tamamun Ni'ima J 2 shafi 510.

Shaik Ɗusi, a lokacin da na'ibi na farko ya rasu, ɗansa Muhammad ne ya yi masa wankan gawa ya sa masa likkafani ya binne shi.[16] Ya samu wasiƙar ta'aziyya daga Imami na sha biyu wace cikinta, ya nuna alhini ga Muhammad kan rasuwar babansa tare da yin ishara kan na'ibanci da kasancewarsa magajin babansa.[17]

Tsawon Lokacin Na'ibanci

Shaik Ɗusi a cikin littafin Al-Gaiba ya yi bayani ƙaraƙa cewa Muhammad Bin Sa'id ya yi na'ibanci tsawon shekaru 50,[18] Amma Sayyid Muhammad Sadar ya bayyana cewa wannan magana ta Ɗusi ba ta da inganci, saboda Muhammad Bin Usman ya rasu a shekara ta 305 hijira ƙamari, kuma tsakanin da shahadar Imam Askari (A.S) da rasuwarsa shekaru 45 ne, sakamakon babansa wanda ya kasance na'ibi na farko shekaru 5 ya yi a na'ibanci, na'ibancin na'ibi na biyu zai kasance shekaru 40 ba wai shekaru 50 ba.[19]

Masu Adawa

Mutanen bayan rasuwar Usman Bin Sa'id, suka yi shakku kan na'ibancin Muhammad, kuma suka yi da'awar su ne na'iban Imam Mahadi (A.F):

Yanayin Zamanin Na'ibanci Da Wakilci

Daga muhimman abubuwa da suka faru a lokacin na'ibanci Muhammad Bin Usman, akwai miƙewar Sahibul Zanji da ɓullar Ƙaramiɗiyawa. Sakamakon Sahibul Zanji, yana jingina nasabarsa da Zaidu ɗan Imam Sajjad (A.S), sai wani sashe daga Alawiyyawa suka haɗe da shi.[21] Masana sun yi imani cewa Sahibul Zanji bisa ƙarya ne ya jingina kansa da Alawiyyawa, nasabarsa da aikinsa sun yi hannun riga da Ahlul-Baiti.[22] Imam Hassan Askari (A.S) ya bayyana cewa Sahibul Zanji ya nesanta daga Ahlul-Baiti.[23]

Ƙungiyar Ƙaramiɗiyawa wanda ake kallonsu matsayin wani reshe daga Isma'iliyya wace ƙungiya ce da take da alaƙa da Shi'a, kuma wannan alaƙa za ta iya janyowa imamiyya matsaloli. Bisa naƙalin Jasim Husaini, kamfen ɗin Ƙaramiɗiyawa game da miƙewar Ƙa'im, ya dinga inginza hukuma cikin alaƙanta ayyukansu tare da gaibar Imami na sha biyu da kuma ɗaukar hakan matsayin wata marhala ta shiri da tanadi domin miƙewar Mahadi. Malamin ya yi imani cewa tauƙi'in da ya fito daga Imam Zaman (A.F) zuwa ga Muhammad Bin Usman cikin tsinewa Abul Khaɗɗab, yana duba ne ga irin hatsarin Ƙaramiɗiyawa da kuma hana ƴanshi'a duk wata alaƙa tare da su.[24]

Tsarin Ayyukansu

Muhammad Bin Usman cikin ƙoƙarin ganin ya gudanar da aikin jakadanci ba tare da janyo ko wace irin damuwa ba ga masu saɓani da shi, ya kasance yana yin taƙiyya, ya yi kamar yana goyan bayan ra'ayin gwamnatin Abbasiyawa na cewa Imam Hassan Askari (A.S) bai bar magaji ba. Ya kasance yana umartar wakilansa su dinga yin taka tsantsan cikin ayyukansa tare da yin taƙiyya, ka da su dinga ambaton sunan Imami na sha biyu, da wannan ne za su shagaltar da hukuma cikin ci gaba da zama kan tunanin da take kai, wannan matsaya ta Muhammad Bin Usman ta kasance domin gamsar da hukuma da ji cewa yanzu kwata-kwata ƴanshi'a ba su da jagora kuma ba za su yi wa hukuma bore ba.[25]

Wakilai Da Mataimaka

Lokacin jakadancin Muhammad, an samu mutane da suka taimaka masa cikin wannan aiki, ba'arinsu sun kasance wakilansa a wasu yankuna, wasu kuma sun kasance almajiransa da suke naƙalto hadisai daga gare shi, an ce a Bagdad, akwai mutane goma da suke gudanar da ayyukan jakadanci ɗaya daga cikinsu ya kasance Husaini Bin Ruhu wanda daga baya ya zama na'ibi na uku ga Imam Mahadi (A.S).[26] Sunayen ba'arin wakilan Muhammad Bin Usman:

Matsayi A Ilimi Da Riwaya

Shaik Ɗusi cikin litattafan Rijal da Al-Gaiba, ya bayyana Muhammad da babansa matsayin wakilan Imam Zaman (A.S) da suke da babban matsayi kuma maganganunsu ababen dogaro ne da nutsuwa.[28] Allama Hilli shima a littafin Rijal nasa, ya bayyana naɗa Muhammad a matsayin na'ibin Imam Zaman yana nuni da irin babban matsayin da yake da shi.[29] Mamaƙani a cikin Tanƙihul Maƙal, ya bayyana girman matsayin Muhammad da shahararsa ya kai matakin da ma ba a buƙatar kawo dalili da hujja.[30] Sayyid Abul Ƙasim Khuyi shima a cikin Mu'ujam Rijalil Hadis, yana ganin riwayoyin da suka zo cikin girman sha'aninsa sun wadatar daga komai.[31]

Riwayoyi Da Ayyuka

An naƙalto riwayoyi game da Imam Zaman (A.F) ta hannun Muhammad Bin Usman; daga jumla akwai riwayoyi kan haihuwar Sayyidina Mahadi (A.F),[32] haramcin ambaton sunansa a zamanin gaiba sugra[33] da kuma huɗuwa da ganawar da ya yi tare da Imam Mahadi,[34] Du'a'u Simat, Du'a'u Iftitahi da Ziyaratu Ale Yasin, addu'o'i ne da aka naƙalto ta hanyar Muhammad Bin Usman.[35] Haka nan Muhammad ya naƙalto wasu riwayoyi daga babansa Usman Bin Sa'id.

Muhammad Bin Usman, yana da talifi cikin fiƙihu wanda ya tattaro hadisai daga Imam Askari (A.S) da Sayyidina Mahadi (A.F), daga jumla akwai littafin "Kitanul Ashriba". A cewar Ummu Kulsum Ƴar Abu Jafar, wannan littafin a lokacin wasiyyar Muhammad Bin Usman ne ya zo hannun Husaini Bin Ruhu (Na'ibi na uku), kamar aydda Abu Nasar[Tsokaci 1] ya faɗi, wannan littafi bayan Husaini Bin Ruhu ya cirata zuwa hannun Abul Hassan Samari(Na'ibi na huɗu).[36]

Ku Duba Wannan

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i. 51, ku. 344.
  2. ↑ Ghaffarzadeh, Zandigani Nawab Khassa Imamw Zaman, 1379, shafi. 155.
  3. ↑ Al-Najashi, Rijal al-Najashi, 1408 AH, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 408.
  4. ↑ Mamaqani, Tanqih al-Maqal, 1352 AH, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 149.
  5. ↑ Mamaqani, Tanqih al-Maqal, 1352 AH, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 149.
  6. ↑ Sadouq, Kamal al-Din, 1395 AH, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 54.
  7. ↑ Ibn Athir, Al-Kamil, 1386 Hijira, Juzu'i. 8, shafi. 109.
  8. ↑ سفراء ونواب الإمام المهدی، Shafin Muammal
  9. ↑ Tusi, Al-Ghaybah, 1411 AH, shafi. 364.
  10. ↑ Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i. 51, shafi. 351.
  11. ↑ Tusi, Al-Ghaybah, 1411 AH, shafi. 366.
  12. ↑ Rahe Toshe Aliyat, shafi. 378.
  13. ↑ Dhahabi, Siyarru A'alm Nubala, 1413 AH, shafi. 223.
  14. ↑ Tusi, Al-Ghaybah, 1411 AH, shafi. 356.
  15. ↑ Tusi, Al-Ghaybah, 1411 AH, shafi. 243.
  16. ↑ Tusi, Al-Ghaybah, 1411 AH, shafi. 356.
  17. ↑ Sadouq, Kamal al-Din, 1395 AH, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 510.
  18. ↑ Tusi, Al-Ghaybah, 1411 AH, shafi. 366.
  19. ↑ Sadr, Tarikhul Gaiba, 1412 AH, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 404.
  20. ↑ Ghafarzadeh, Zandigani Nawab Khasse Imame Zaman, shafi. 179; Jabbari, Sazemane Wekalat, juzu'i. 2, shafi na 694-707.
  21. ↑ Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i. 63, shafi. 197.
  22. ↑ Ibn Shahr Ashub, Manaqib Ale Abi Talib, 1379 AH, juzu'i. 4, shafi. 429.
  23. ↑ Jassim Hussein, Tarikhe Siyasi Imame Dawazdahom, 2006, shafi na 177-178.
  24. ↑ Jassim Hossein, Tarikhe Siyasi Gaibate Imame Dawazdahom, 2006, shafi. 177-178
  25. ↑ Jassim Hossein, Tarikhe Siyasi Gaibate Imame Dawazdahom, 2006, shafi. 169; Ghaffar Zadeh, Zandigane Nawab Khasse Imame Zaman, 2000, shafi. 227.
  26. ↑ Jassim Hussein, T Tarikhe Siyasi Gaibate Imame Dawazdahomu, 2006, shafi. 170.
  27. ↑ RaheToshe Atbate Aliyar, shafi na 373-374.
  28. ↑ Tusi, Rijal Tusi, 1415 AH, shafi. 447; Tusi, Al-Ghaybah, 1411 AH, shafi. 243.
  29. ↑ Hilli, Khulasatul Aƙwali, 1417 AH, shafi. 250.
  30. ↑ Mamaqani, Tanqih al-Maqal, 1352 AH, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 149.
  31. ↑ Khoi, Mu'jam Rijal al-Hadith, 1413 AH, juzu'i. 17, shafi. 294.
  32. ↑ Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i. 51, shafi. 16.
  33. ↑ Saduq, Kamal al-Din, 1395 AH, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 483; Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i. 51, shafi. 33.
  34. ↑ Saduq, Kamal al-Din, 1395 AH, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 435; Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i. 52, shafi. 152.
  35. ↑ Tusi, Misbah al-Mutahajjid, 1411 AH, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 417.
  36. ↑ Tusi, Al-Ghaybah, 1411 AH, shafi. 363.

Tsokaci

  1. ↑ Najashi a cikin littafinsa na rijali ya ce: Abu Nasar, Hibatullah Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad al-Katib, wanda aka fi sani da Ibn Barina. Kakarsa Hibatullah ita ce Ummu Kulsum, ƴar Muhammad Bin Uthman Amri, wanda shi ne na biyu daga cikin wakila na musamman na Imam Zaman (A.S)

Nassoshi

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  • Jasim Muhammad Hussein, Tarikhe Siyasi Gaibati Imame Dawazdahom, Muhammad Taqi Ayatullah, Tehran, Amir Kabir, 1385H.
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