Wankan gawa

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Risala Ilmiyya

Wankan gawa (Larabci: غسل الميت) na daya daga cikin wankan wajibi wanda ake wanke gawar mamaci musulmi tare da da ishara zuwa ga wasu kebantattun ladubba, dole cikin wankan gawa a wanke ta sau uku na farko da ruwan da aka dan sa masa Magarya, na biyu da ruwa da aka sa masa Kafur, na ukun kuma za ayi shine da tsuran ruwa, idan ba a samu ruwan kafur da magarya ba to dole a wanke da tsuran ruwa, idan kuma ba samu tsuran ruwan ba, sai ayi masa Taimama. Wajibi ne na wanke gawar duk wani musulmi da ya kai wata hudu da haihuwa ko kuma sama da haka. Na’am an togace Shahidi daga cikin wannan hukunci shi za a binne shi ne ba tare da yi masa wanka ba. Wanke gawar mamaci Wajibi kifa’i ne idan wasu suka ui ya sauka daga kan wasu, saboda haka baya halasta a karbi kudi domin wanke shi.

Matsayi da muhimmanci

Wankan gawa yana daga wajibi kifa’i wanda bayan mutuwa wani cikin musulmi sauran dole ne su masa wanka su kuma binne shi, baya halasta su bizne shi gabanin masa wanka, yawancin Makabartu musulmi sun tanadi Wurin wankan gawa kebance domin wankan gawa 2, wanda ake kira da sunan wurin wankan gawa, [1] ana kiran mai wanke gawar da sunan Mai wankan gawa.[2] Cikin litattafan hadisi da fikihu cikin wannan bahasi cikin babin Ahkamul Amwat anyi bahasin wankan gawa [3] a cikin littafin Wasa’ilul Shi’a a babin Gaslul Mayyit hadisi mai lamba 170 anyi nakali kan wankan gawa [4] cikin riwayar ya zo cewa mai wanke gawar mamata wankan zai zama sababin nesantar sa daga zabin wuta ku zai kasance tareda wani haske da zai shiga aljanna [5] haka kuma kan asasin riwaya daga Imam Bakir (A.S) ya zo cewa wanke gawar mumini sababi ne na kankare masa kananan zunubai na tsawon shekara.[6] Wankan Taba gawar Mamaci gabanin wanke shi yana da hukuncin najasa bayan jikinsa yayi sanyi yana wajabtawa wanda ya taba shi yin wanka, amma bayan wanke shi najasar sa tana kaucewa kuma ba wajabcin yin wanda ga wanda ya taba.[7]

Ta kaka

Jaririn da aka yi barinsa gabanin cika wata hudu a cikin mahaifiyarsa babu wajabcin wanke shi, amma idan ya cika wata hudu wajibi ne ayi masa wanka.[8] Kan asasin fatwar Maraji’an Taklidi wajibi ne a wanke gawar mamaci sau uku, na farko da ruwan aka cudanya shi da magarya, na biyu da ruwan da aka cudanya shi da Kafur na uku kuma da tsuran ruwa, a cikin wankan gawa kamar dai sauran wanka bayan niyya dole a fara da kai da wuya, sai a tsallaka barin jikinsa na dama a wanke shi sannan a koma barin hagu shima a wanke.[9] Idan babu Magarya da Kafur dole a wanke shi da tsuran ruwa, sai dai cewa batun sau nawa za a wanke sau daya ne ko sau uku akwai Malamai sun samu sabani. [10]haka kuma idan ya zama ba zai yiwu a wanke shi da ruwa ba sai ayi masa Taimama, amma batun cewa sau nawa za ayi masa taimama to sau daya ko sau uku za ayi masa a nan ma akwai sabani ciki a tsakankanin Malamai

Shahidi a fagen daga ba ayi masa wanka

Bias nazarin Fakihai na shi’a Shahidi da ya rasa ransa a fagen dagar yaki ba ayi masa wanka [11] amma wanda yaji ciwo a a fagen yaki sai ya bayan gama yaki ya mutu wajibi ne ayi masa wanka [12] Sayyid Kazim Ɗabaɗaba'i Yazdi yana ganin Kadai shaidin da ba za ayi masa wankan gawa ba kadai shine wanda yayi shahada a fagen yaki karskashin Izinin Ma'asumi da kuma wanda yayi shahada a zamanin gaiba cikin yunkurinsa na kare Nizamin Muslunci

Sauran hukunce-hukunce

Mai wanke gawar muminai dole ya kasance musulmi `dan shi’a Imamiya Baligi Akili mai hankali [13] haka kuma dole akiyaye alfarmar Muharramai Namiji ne zai wanke Namiji, haka mace da wanke gawar `yar’uwarta mace [14] na’am wanda suke Muharramai a junansa kamar misalign mata da miji su suna iya yiwa junansu wankan gawa duk da cewa ihtiyadi shine cewa idan babu jinsin dayansu to su wanke gawar juna daga bayan hijabi.[15]

  • Bisa fatwar akasarin Maraji’an Taklidi karbar ladan wanke gawa haramun ne , amma wasu cikinsu sun tafi kan cewa halin yin wannan aiki ba da niyyar neman kusancin Allah to shi kansa wanka ya gurbata sai an sake sabo, na’am karbar lada don yin ayyukan sharar fage da tsaftace shi to a wannan halin yana halasta.[16]
  • Wanda aka yankewa hukuncin kisa idan ya zamanto ya yiwa kansa da kansa wankan gawa gabanin zartar da hukuncin ba wajibi bane a kara yi masa wanka.Tabatabaei Yazdi, al-Arwa al-Waghti, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 41.
  • Wanka mamaci ta hanyar wankan Irtimasi baya inganta. [17]
  • Gabanin wankan gawa wajibi ne a kawar da duk wata najasa da take jikinsa, na’am wasu sun tafi kan cewa wanke kowanne bangare na jiki gabanin wanke shi ya wadatar. [18]
  • Dole wanda zai wanke gawar mamaci ya nemi izinin Waliyinsa. [19]

Baya halasta wanke gawar Kafiri. [20]

  • Mustahabbi ne kansa ya kasance sama da kafafunsa, jikinsa kuma ya fuskanci Alkibla kamar yadda ake masu lokacin da yake numfashinsa na karshe zuwa mutuwa.[21]
  • yana da kyau Wanda ya wanke gawar mamaci ya shagaltu da zikiri da istigfari yana wanke shi tare da maimaita kalmar "Rabbi Afwak Afwak".[22]

Kada mai wanke gawar Mamaci ya gayawa kowa idan yaga wani aibu a jikin gawar. [23]

Wankan Imamai (A.S)

Kan asasin ba’arin wasu riwayoyi, kowanne Imami babu wanda zai wanke sai Imami [24] cikin littafan Hadisai akwai babi da taken (babu mai wanke Imami sai Imami) akwai riwayoyi da suka kebantu da wannan maudu’in [25] bayan wafatin Imam Mahadi (A.F) Imam Husaini (A.S) zai yi Raja'a ya dawo duniya shi ne zai yiwa Imam Mahadi (A.F) wanka da sallah. [26]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Dehkhoda, Luggatnameh, ƙarƙashin kalmar "mardeshur".
  2. ↑ Dehkhoda, Luggatnameh, ƙarƙashin kalmar "mardeshur"
  3. ↑ Misali, duba Haraami, Wasal al-Shia, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 544-477; Tabatabaei Yazdi, al-Urwa al-Wughta, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 22.
  4. ↑ Duba Hurrul Amili, Wasal al-Shia, 1409H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 544-477.
  5. ↑ Sheikh Mofid, Al-EKhatsas, 1413 AH, shafi na 40.
  6. ↑ Sheikh Sadouq, Sawabul A-amal wa-Ekabul A-Amal, 1406H, shafi na 195.
  7. ↑ Tabatabaei Hakim, Mustamsk al-Urwa al-Wughta, Dar Ihya al-Trath al-Arabi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 336.
  8. ↑ Tabatabaei Yazdi, al-urwa al-Waghti, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 32.
  9. ↑ Tabatabaei Yazdi, al-Arwa al-Waghti, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 46-47.
  10. ↑ Bahrani, al-Hadaiq al-Nadrah, Al-Nashar al-Islami Foundation, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 455
  11. ↑ Sheikh Ansari, Kitab al-Tahara, 1415 Hijira, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 399
  12. ↑ Allameh Hilli, Nahayyat al-Ahkam, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 235.
  13. ↑ Tabatabaei Yazdi, al-Arwa al-Waghti, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 38-39.
  14. ↑ Tabatabaei Yazdi, al-Arwa al-Waghti, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 32.
  15. ↑ Tabatabaei Yazdi, al-Arwa al-Waghti, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 33-35.
  16. ↑ Bani Hashemi Khomeini, Resalahe Tauzihul Masa'il, Gidan Daba'ar Musulunci, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 222-223.
  17. ↑ Khoi, Mausu'atu Al-Imam Al-Khoei, cibiyar Farfado da Ayyukan Imam Al-Khoei, Juzu'i na 9, shafi na 9.
  18. ↑ Tabatabaei Yazdi, al-Arwa al-Waghti, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 47.
  19. ↑ Tabatabaei Yazdi, al-Arwa al-Waghti, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 22.
  20. ↑ Tabatabaei Yazdi, Al-Arwa Al-Waghti, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 30.
  21. ↑ Al-Tabatabaei Al-Yazdi, Al-Arwa Al-Wathqi, Al-Nasher Maktab Ayatullah Azami Sayyid Al-Sistani, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 303.
  22. ↑ Al-Tabatabaei Al-Yazdi, Al-Arwa Al-Wathqi, Al-Nasher Maktab Ayatullah Azami Sayyed Al-Sistani, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 305-304.
  23. ↑ rAl-Tabatabaei Al-Yazdi, Al-Arwa Al-Wathqi, Al-Nashr Maktab Ayatullah Azami Al-Sayed Al-Sistani, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 305.
  24. ↑ Al-Tabatabaei Al-Yazdi, Al-Arwa Al-Wathqi, Al-Nasher Maktab Ayatullah Azami Sayyid Al-Sistani, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 303.
  25. ↑ Al-Tabatabaei Al-Yazdi, Al-Arwa Al-Wathqi, Al-Nasher Maktab Ayatullah Azami Sayyid Al-Sistani, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 305-304.
  26. ↑ Tabatabai Al-Yazdi, Al-Arwa Al-Wathqi, Al-Nashr Maktab Ayatullah Azami Al-Sayed Al-Sistani, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 305.

Nassoshi

  • Bahrani, Yusuf bin Ahmad, al-Hadaiq al-Nadrah fi Haqam al-Utrah al-Tahirah, Mohammad Taqi Irwani, Qum, Al-Nashar al-Islami Foundation, Beta ya gyara.
  • Bani Hashemi Khomeini, Mohammad Hasan, Risala Tauzihul Almasa'il min Maraji,akan, Qum, Islamic Publishing House, Beta.
  • بهرامی، فرشته، «غسالخانه»، در دایرة‌المعارف بزرگ اسلامی، تهران، مرکز دایرة‌المعارف بزرگ اسلامی.
  • Hurru amili, Muhammad bin Hasan, Vasal al-Shia, Kum, Al-Bait Foundation, 1409 AH.
  • Khoei, Seyyed Abulqasem, Imam Mausu'atu Al-Khoei , Imam Al-Khoei Works Revival Foundation, Beta.
  • Dehkhoda, Ali Akbar, Dictionary, Tehran, Tehran University Press, 1377.
  • Sheikh Ansari, Morteza, Kitab al-Tahara, Qum, Majalisar karrama Sheikh Azam Ansari, 1415 Hijira.
  • Sheikh Sadouq, Muhammad bin Ali, Thawab al-Amal wa Aqab al-Amal, Qom, Dar al-Sharif al-Razi Llanshar, bugu na biyu, 1406H.
  • Sheikh Mofid, Muhammad bin Muhammad, al-Ikhtisas, ya gyara shi: Ali Akbar Ghafari da Mahmoud Moharmi Zarandi, Qum, Al-Anqar Al-AlamiAl-Sheikh Al-Mofid, 1413H.
  • Tabatabai Hakim, Seyyed Mohsen, Mustamsk al-Arwa Al-Wuthaghati, Dar Ihya al-Tarath al-Arabi, Bita.
  • Tabatabaei Yazdi, Seyyed Mohammad Kazem, Al-Arwa Al-Wuthaghati, Qom, Dar al-Tafsir, Ismailian, bugu na biyar, 1419H.
  • Tabatabaei Yazdi, Sayyed Mohammad Kazem, Al-Arwa Al-Wuthghati, Maktabat Ayatullah Azami Al-Sayed Al-Sistani, Bita, Bija.
  • Allameh Hilli, Hasan bin Yusuf, Nhayah Al-Ahkam fi Marafah al-Ahkam, Qum, Al-Bait Institute, 1419 AH.
  • Kulaini, Muhammad bin Yaqub, al-Kafi, Ali Akbar Ghafari da Muhammad Akhundi, Tehran, Dar al-Kitab al-Islamiya suka gyara, bugu na hudu, 1407H.
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