Zagin Ababen Girmamawa

Daga wikishia
Wannan labarin labari ne mai bayyanawa game da ra'ayi na fikihu kuma ba zai iya zama ma'auni na ayyukan addini ba. Koma zuwa wasu tushe don ayyukan addini.
Risala Ilmiyya

Zagin Ababen Girmamawa (Larabci: الإساءة للمقدسات) shi ne yin izgilanci ko wulaƙanci ga wani Mutum ko wani abu wanda ya kasance abin girmamawa a shari’a ko wurin ma’abota shari’a, Zagi ga ababen girmamawa haramun ne kuma ana ƙidaya shi cikin jerin layin Manya-manyan zunubai, cikin kasancewar zagin ababen girmamawa lfei babu banbanci tsakanin Musulmai da waɗanda ba Musulmai ba, taken ababen girmamwa ya haɗo da lokuta, wurare, ɗaiɗaikun Mutane litattafai da sauransu, kamar misalin watan Ramadan, Ka’aba, Annabawa, Imamai (A.S) Hubbaren A’imma (A.S) da Kur’ani. Mizanin hukuncin uƙuba kan zagi ko keta alfarma abubuwa masu tsarki yana banbanta a matakinsu, zagin ba’arin abubuwa Masu tsarki yana haifar da kafirta da ridda kuma hukuncin wanda ya aikata wannan zagi shi ne kisa; kamar misalin zagi ko izgilanci da laruran addini da mazhaba, cikin ba’arin wasu matakai ana yin ta’aziri (ladabtarwa) kan wanda ya aikata lefin, kamar misalin wani ya aikata zina a cikin yinin watan Ramadan ƙari kan zartar da haddin zina a kansa za a yi masa ta’aziri. A imanin Malaman fiƙihu, haramun ne zagi ko la’antar abubuwa masu tsarki a wurin Mazhabobi huɗu na Musulmai Ahlus-sunna, tare da dogara da aya ta 108 suratul An’am zagin abubuwa masu tsarki a cikin wasu addinai da Mazhabobin Muslunci da wanda ba na Muslunci ba haramun ne.

Sanin Mafhumi

Zagin abubuwa masu tsarki, shi ne isgilanci ga kowanne irin abu da ya kasance a mahangar shari’a da ma’abotanta wajibi ne a girmama shi [1] cikin kasancewar zagin abubuwa masu tsarki lefi babu bambanci tsakanin Musulmai da waɗanda ba Musulmai ba, [2] misdaƙan zagi ga abubuwa masu tsarki, sun haɗo da mutane da abubuwan da ba mutane ba, misalin Manyan mutane a Muslunci da wanin Muslunci waɗanda a mahangar Muslunci suka kasance ababen girmamawa, kamar misalin Annabin Muslunci (S.A.W), A’imma (A.S) Hazrat Khadija (S) [3] Hazrat Maryam da hazarat Hajara; [4] da kuma waɗanda ba mutane misalin Allah, Alkurani Mai girma, Ka’aba, Masallatai, ƙaburburan Annabawa da Imamai (A.S). [5]

Matsayinsa A Fiƙihu

Cikin litattafan fiƙihu ba a yi bahasi kan lefi mai taken zagi ko keta alfarmar abubuwa masu tsarki ba, sai dai cewa Malamai cikin bayaninsu kan misdaƙansa misalin zagin Annabi, [6] zagin Sarkin Muminai, [7] Cutarwa, [8] ƙazafi, [9] cikin sashen ɗaharat, [10] Hajji, [11] Kasuwancin Haramun, [12] Haddodi, [13] sun fitar da hukunci kan haramcin yin zagi, [14] cikin wannan batu haƙiƙa litattafan ƙa’idojin fiƙihu suma sun zo da unwanai misalin (Haramcin zagin abubuwa masu alfarma a addini) [15] da kuma (haramcin zagin Sha’a’ir da rinjayar da girmama su) [16] Cikin litattafan riwayoyi akwai keɓantattu riwayoyi da suka zo cikin bayanin hana zagin abubuwa masu tsarki cikin addini, misalin hani kan zagin Ka’aba, da zagin Annabi (S.A.W). [17] cikin ba’arin wasu riwayoyi Imamai (A.S) sun hana Mabiyansu zagin abubuwan da wasu suke girmamawa. [18] wasu ba’arin Malaman tafsiri sun fitar da hukunci daga aya 108 suratul An’am; misalin haramcin zagin Kafirai idan har zagin zai janyo suma Kafirai su zagi Allah, haka zalika haramcin zagin waɗanda ba Musulmai da abubuwa masu tsarki a wurinsu idan hakan zai sanya suma su zagi abubuwa masu tsarki a wurin Musulmai. [19]

Hukuncin Fiƙihu

An ambaci wasu hukunce-hukunce dangane da zagin abubuwa masu tsarki Haramun zagin abubuwa masu tsarki na addini, kuma wajibi ne girmama su da kiyaye alfarmarsu. [20] Cikin haramcin zagin abubuwa masu tsarki na addini babu bambanci tsakanin kasancewarsu daga wajibai ko abubuwan da Allah ya baiwa alfarma ko mustahabbai misalin sallar jam’i. [21] A imanin Malaman fiƙihu cikin zagin abubuwa masu tsarki ba a karɓar tuba, sai dai idan wanda ya yi zagin Kafiri ne sannan bayan yin zagin sai ya muslunta. [22] Idan wani mutum cikin fushi ba tare da niyya ba, sai ya zaki abubuwa masu tsarki ko kuma akwai tsammanin abin da ya faɗa ko ya aikata ya zama zagi to ba a ƙirga hakan a zagi da keta alfarma abubuwa masu tsarki, ba za a zartar da hukuncin zagin abubuwa masu tsarki ba a kansa. [23]

Misdaƙai Da Hukunce-Hukuncen Lefi

Uƙubobi cikin zagin abubuwa masu tsarki suna da bambanci tsakaninsu, wasu ba’ari daga kufaifayin zagin abubuwan masu tsarki a Muslunci, sun kasance kafirta da ridda waɗanda hukuncinsu ya kasance hukuncin kisa kan wanda ya aikata wannan lefi, misalin wanda ya zagi Allah da Annabawa (A.S) da A’imma (A.S) sannan hukuncin wasu ba’arinsu ya kasance ta’aziri

Zagin Da Yake Haifar Da Kafirta Da Ridda

  • Zagin Allah: Malaman fiƙihu suna ganin wanda ya zagi Allah ya kafirta kuma jininsa ya halasta. [24]
  • Zagin Annabi: mutumin da ya zagi Annabi (S.A.W) ko kuma ya jingina masa wani abu da zai wulaƙanta shi ko tauye shi jininsa ya halasta, [25] tubansa baya hana zartar da hukuncin lefin da ya aikata, [26] a fatawar Malaman fiƙihu cikin zagin Annabi babu bambanci tsakanin Musulmi ko wanda ba Musulmi ba Mace ce ta yi zagin ko Namiji ne duk babu bambanci, [27] a ra’ayin Malaman fiƙihun Shi’a, zagin Sauran Annabawa [28] da Fatima Zahra (S) [29] Mala’iku [30] shima daidai yake da zagin Annabi.
  • Zagin Imamai (A.S): a aƙidar Malaman fiƙihu, duk wanda ya zagi Imami Adali wajibi ne a kashe shi. [31]

A cikin litattafan fiƙihu, wasu ba’arin misdaƙan haddin zagin abubuwa masu tsarki an kawo su cikin unwanin ta’arifin ridda da fita daga addini, kamar misalin jefa Alkur’ani cikin Bola da gangan da niyya: [32] duk wanda ya aikata haka ya yi ridda kuma za kashe shi. [33] Sanya Najasa jikin Ka’aba da gangan shima lefi kuma hukuncin wanda ya aikata shi ne kisa. [34] Sanya najasa jikin ƙabarin Annabi (S.A.W) da A’imma (A.S) da gangan [35] izgilanci [36] ko wulaƙanta addini: [37] idan wani Musulmi ya yi izgilanci da ɗaya daga Asalan addini misalin Allah, Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ko kuma laruran addini misalin wajabcin Sallah da Azumi [38] hakan yana haifar da Kafirtarsa [39] kuma ya aikata babban lefi, [40] Allama Hilli ya yi fatawar kashe waɗanda suke wulaƙanta addini da izgilanci kansa. [41] Annabi Mafi Karamci (S.A.W) duk wanda ya zagi Ali ni ya zaga kuma duk wanda ya zage ni a haƙiƙa ba kowa ya zaga ba sai Allah, kuma duk wanda ya zagi Allah Allah zai jefa shi cikin wuta kodayaushe zai kasance cikin bala’in azaba. Allama Majlisi, Bihar Al-Anwar, Darul Ihya Turath Al-Arabi, j 29 sh na 642.

Annabi (s.a.w):
Duk wanda ya zagi Ali ya zage ni, wanda kuma ya zage ni hakika ya zagi Allah, wanda kuma ya zagi Allah, Allah zai jefa shi a cikin wutar Jahannama, kuma a ko da yaushe yana cikin azaba.

Alameh Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, Dar Ihya al-Trath al-Arabi, juzu'i na 29, shafi na 642.

Zagi da ake Ta'aziri kansa

Cikin ta’azir kan wanda ya zagi Abubuwa masu tsarki babu bambanci tsakanin Malaman fiƙihu, [42] cikin yankin wurare kamar misalin najasta Masallacin harami da gangan ayyana tabbataccen mizanin ta’aziri, [43] ba’arin wasu wurare daga ta’aziri kan wanda ya zagi abubuwa masu tsarki sun kasance cikin sharhin da zai zo a ƙasa: ƙabarin Annabi (A.S) da A’imma (A.S) da Haramansu: duk wani abu da zai zama wulaƙanci da isgili ka ƙaburburansu da Haramansu haramun aikata shi, [44] kuma za a yi ta’aziri kan wanda ya aikata hakan. [45] Cikin fiƙihun Muslunci, aikata lefi a wasu lokuta misalin ranar Juma’, watan Ramadan da kuma wurare da Musulmai suke girmamawa misalin Masallaci, ana tsananta uƙuba kan wanda ya aikawa wannan lefi. [46] alal misali idan waniya aikata zina cikin ɗaya daga waɗannan lokuta haƙiƙa ƙari kan haddin da za a tsayar a kansa za a yi masa ta’aziri [47] Masallatai: daga cikin Misdaƙan wulaƙanta abubuwa masu tsarki akwai najasta Masallaci daga ganganci. [48] Duk wani abu da girmama shi yake wajibi a Muslunci, misalin litattafan hadisi da fiƙihu, [49] ƙasar turbar Imam Husaini (A.S) da kuma duk wani abu da ake neman tabarruki da waraka da shi daga ƙabarin Imam Husaini (A.S) [50] dama duk wani abu da ya ta’allaƙa da ƙaburburan Imamai (A.S) daga ƙasar ƙabarinsu da kayayyakin cikin ƙaburburansa haramunn ne wulaƙanta su. [51]

Wulaƙanta Mazhabobin Muslunci

Asalin Maƙala: Fatawar Haramci Zagin Abubuwa Masu Tsarki A Wurin Ahlus-Sunna Da Kuma La’antar Sahabbai.

Kan asasin Fatawar Malaman fiƙihun Shi’a Zagin A’isha da la’antar Sahabbai da sauran abubuwa masu tsarki a wurin Mazhabobi huɗu na Ahlus-Sunna Haramun ne, kuma wannan aiki ha’intar Muslunci ne kuma hidima ne ga ƙungiyoyin Kafirai da Mushrikai. [52] Maraji’ai 33 suka yi fatawa kan haramcin zagin abubuwa masu sarki a wurin Mazhabobin Muslunci da kuma kafirta Ma’abota Alƙibla, cikin littafin da ake kira da sunan (Hurmat Ihanat wa Takfiri Musliman Az Didgahe Ulamaye Shi’eh) ta hannun Mu’assaseh Mu’awanat fajuheshi congress “ Muƙabale ba Juryanhaye Ifraɗi wa Takfiri” aka tattara su. [53]

Zagin Firƙoƙi Da Addinan Da Ba Muslunci Ba

Malaman fiƙihu sun tafi kan haramcin zafin abubuwan da suka kasance ababen girmama a wasu addinai da mazhabobi Muslunci, kai hatta zagin Gumakan Kafirai baya halasta, [54] dalili kan haka ya kasance aya ta 108 suratul An’am da kuma ba’ari wasu riwayoyi, [55] dalili hani kan wulaƙana Abubuwan Masu tsarki ya kasance gudun maida martanin misali [56] domin shi zagin ababen girmamwarsu yana zama sababin zagin abubuwa masu tsarki a wurin Musulmai, [57] kuma haramcin zagin abubuwa masu tsarki a Muslunci wani abu da gabaɗayan Musulmai suka yi ijma’i a kansa. [58] Allama ɗabaɗaba’i cikin littafinsa Almizan fi tafsiril Alkur’ani ya bayyana wannan hukunci matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ladubban Muslunci, wanda da za a yi aiki da shi da bakiɗayan abubuwa masu tsarki a baki ɗayan ƙasashen duniya sun tsira daga cin mutunci. [59]

Zagin Abubuwa Masu Tsarki A Muslunci Cikin Fakewa Da Rigar ƴancin Faɗin Albarkacin Baki

Asalin Maƙala: Sharli Ebdo (Mujalla) Da Salmanul Rushdi

A wannan zamani da muke ciki a wasu ƙasashen duniya cikin fakewa da rigar yancin faɗin albarkacin baki [60] sun halasta duk wani nau’in wulaƙanci da keta alfarma kan abubuwa masu tsarki na Musulmai ta hanyar miyagun zane-zanen barkwanci na cin fuskar Annabawan Allah, suna masu bayyana cewa hana yin hakan wai daidai yake da takure ƴancin bayani, cikin amsar da aka basu ance ƴanci bayani ana girmama shi zuwa haddin da ba zai take haƙƙoƙin sauran mutane ba, saboda mafi muhimmancin ƴanci da haƙƙoƙin ɗan Adam shi ne ƴancin zaɓar addini da mazhaba. [61]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Noma, Sharh Qanun Majazat Islmai, 2014, shafi na 98.
  2. ↑ Hashemi, Irtidan wa Azadi, 2004, shafi na 31.
  3. ↑ Mir Mohammad Sadeghi, Jara'im Alaihi Amniyyat wa Asayesh Umumi, 2009, shafi na 164.
  4. ↑ Mir Mohammad Sadeghi, Jara'im Alaihi Amniyyat wa Asayesh Umumi, 2009, shafi na 164.
  5. ↑ Amoli, Misbah Al-Huda fi Sharh Al-Urwa Al-Wuthga, 1380 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 54; Mousavi Bajnowardi, al-Qasas al-Fiqhiyyah, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 255.
  6. ↑ Khoi, Minhajus Al-Salehin, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 12.
  7. ↑ Sheikh Ansari, Kitab Al-Makasib, Turath al-Sheikh Al-Azam, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 7; Ɗabaɗaba'i, Minhaj Al-Salehin, 1415 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi
  8. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 41, shafi 49; Mohseni, Hudud Al-Shar'iyya, 1429 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 325.
  9. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 41, shafi.402.
  10. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 51.
  11. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 151.
  12. ↑ Sheikh Ansari, Kitab Al-Makasib, Turath Al-Sheikh al-Azam, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 7
  13. ↑ Shahid Sani, Al-Rawda Al-Bahiya, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 194.
  14. ↑ Sheikh Ansari, Kitab Al-Makasib, Turath Al-Sheikh al-Azam, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 253; Imam Khumaini, Tahrir Al-Wasila, 1392, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 450.
  15. ↑ Bojunordi, Al-Qawa'id Al-Fiqhiyyah, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 209.
  16. ↑ Hosseini Maraghi, Al-Anawin Al-Fiqhiyyah, 1418 AH, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 556
  17. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407 Hijira, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 26
  18. ↑ Misali, duba: Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 7 da 2; Hurrul Ameli, Wasa'il Al-Shia, Mujalladi na 8, shafi na 590; Barqi, Al-Mahasen, 1371 Hijira, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 97.
  19. ↑ Ɗabaɗaba'i, Al-Mizan, Manshurat Ismailian, Mujalladi 7, shafi 314; Al-Airwani, Durus Tamhidiyya fi tafsir ayatul Ahkam, 1428H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 596.
  20. ↑ Mohagheq Khuwansari, Mashareq Al-Shumus fi Sharh Al-Duros, Muassaseh Ahl-Bait, juzu'i na 1, shafi.392; Allameh Ɗabaɗaba'i, Al-Mizan, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi 93; Bojunordi, Al-Qawa'idr Al-Fiqhiyyah, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 294; Saifi Mazandarani, Mabanin Fiqhul Fa'al, 1425 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 153; Naraghi, Awaed Al-Ayam, 1417 AH, shafi na 31; Tabrizi, Risala fi Labs al-Sawad, 1422 AH, shafi na 185; Sobhani, Hajj fi Al-Sharia al-Islamiya al-Ghara, 1424 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 692.
  21. ↑ Seifi Mazandarani, Mabani Fiqhul Fa'al, 1425 Hijira, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 149.
  22. ↑ Hashemi, Huquq Bashar wa Azadihaye Siyasi, 1397, shafi na 31.
  23. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 41, shafi 610; Fazel Hindi, Kashf Al-Letham, 1416 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 436; Behjat, Estifta'at, 2006, shafi na 111.
  24. ↑ Sheikh Tusi, Al-Khelaf, 1407H, Mujalladi na 5, shafi na 340; Ibn Hamzah, al-Wasila ila-Nailil Al-Fadilah, 1408H, shafi na 200; Allama Hilli, Tahrir Al-Ahkam Al-Sharia, Al-Bait Institute (AS), juzu'i na 2, shafi na 236; Allama Hilli, Tazkirah Al-Fuqaha, Manshurat Al-Muktaba Al-Mortazawiyyah, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 457.
  25. ↑ Misali, duba: Moghaddis Ardabili, Majma Al-Fa'ida, juzu'i na 13, shafi na 171; Khoi, Minhaj Al-Salehin, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 12.
  26. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 21, shafi na 268.
  27. ↑ Misali, duba: Golpaygani, Al-Durrul Almandud, 1372, juzu'i na 2, shafi.265.
  28. ↑ Abu Salah Halabi, Al-Kafi Fiqhu, 1430H, shafi na 416.
  29. ↑ Moghaddis Ardabili, Majma Al-Fa'edat, 1379, juzu'i na 7, shafi.527; Shahid Sani, Al-Rawzah Al-Bahiyeh, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 195; Khoi, Mabani Takmila Al-Minhaj, 1410H, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 264.
  30. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 21, shafi na 268.
  31. ↑ Misali, duba: Sheikh Tusi, Al-Khelaf, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi.340; Moghaddis Ardabili, Majma Al-Fa'edat, 1379, juzu'i na 7, shafi.527; Sheikh Mufid, al-Muqni'a, 1413 AH, shafi na 743.
  32. ↑ Misali, duba: Allama Hilli, Qawa’ed Al-Ahkam, 1419 AH, juzu’i na 3, shafi na 573; Shahid Sani, Al-Rawda Al-Bahiya, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 335; Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 600.
  33. ↑ Dastghib, Gunahani kabireh, 1361, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 361.
  34. ↑ Misali, duba: Najafi, Jawaher Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 600.
  35. ↑ Misali, duba: Allama Hilli, Qawa’ed Al-Ahkam, 1419 AH, juzu’i na 3, shafi na 573; Shahid Sani, al-Rawda Al-Bahiya, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 335; Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 600.
  36. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 600.
  37. ↑ Fakhr al-Muhaqqin, Idahu Al-Fawa'id, 1387 H., juzu'i na 4, shafi na 547.
  38. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 43, shafi na 41 da 60.
  39. ↑ Misali, duba: Allama Hilli, Irshad al-Azhan, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 189.
  40. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 41, shafi 600; Kashif al-Gheta, Al-Urwa Al-Wuthga Fi Al-Din, 1423 AH, shafi na 69.
  41. ↑ Allama Hilli, Tahrir Al-Ahkam, Al-Bait Institute (AS), juzu'i na 2, shafi na 236.
  42. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 601.
  43. ↑ Jafari Langroudi, Legal Terminology, 1367, under the term "Taazir Moqdar"
  44. ↑ Misali, duba: Sheikh Mufid, Al-Muqni'a, 1413 AH, shafi na 782; Sheikh Tusi, Al-Nehaya, 1400H, shafi na 698.
  45. ↑ Misali, duba: Ibn Barraj, al-Mahdez, 1406 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 523; Fazel Hindi, Kashf Al-Letham, 1416 AH, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 489.
  46. ↑ Misali, duba: Sheikh Mufid, Al-Muqni'a, 1413 AH, shafi na 782; Sheikh Tusi, Al-Nehaya, 1400H, shafi na 698; Imam Khumaini, Tahrir al-Wasila, 1392, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 468.
  47. ↑ Sheikh Tusi, Al-Nehaya, 1400H, shafi na 698; Ibn Idris, Al-Saraer, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 447; Imam Khumaini, Tahrir al-Wasila, 1392, juzu'i na 2, shafi:468; Golpaigni, Al-Durrul Al-Mandud fi Ah-kam Al-Hudud, 1372, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 497; Tabrizi, Ases al-Hudud da Ta'azirat, 1373, shafi na 175.
  48. ↑ Tabatabaei Yazdi, Al-urwa Al-Wuthga, 1420 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 87.
  49. ↑ Kashif al-Ghata, Safina Al-Najat, 1344 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 85; Khoei, Sarat Al-Najat, 1416 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 437; Saifi Mazandarani, Mabani Fiqhul Fa’al, 1425 AH, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 154.
  50. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 2, 51 da 51; Juzu'i na 6, shafi na 98 da 99; Tabatabaei Yazdi, Al-Urwa Al-Wathga, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 90.
  51. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 98; Khoei, Minhaj Al-Salehin, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 116; Imam Khumaini, Kitab Al-Tahara, 1421 Hijira, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 123.
  52. ↑ Misali, duba: Imam Khumaini, Sahifa Imam, 2009, juzu’i na 8, shafi:482;<a class="external text" href="https://www.magiran.com/article/2162589">«استقبال جهان اسلام از استفتای جدید آیت‌الله خامنه‌ای»</a>
  53. ↑ Kothari, Harmat ehanat wa Takfir Muslimanan, 1394.
  54. ↑ Misali, duba: Shahid Awwal, Al-Qawa'id wa Al-Fawa'id, Kitabfurushi Mofid, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 61; Fazel Miqdad, Nazad Al-Qawa'id Al-Fiqhiyyah, 1361, shafi na 58; Allameh Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 7, shafi 175; Normfidi, ƙawa'id ihanat be Mukaddasat, 1400, shafi na 93.
  55. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407H, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 2-7.
  56. ↑ Shahid Awwal, Al-Qawa'ed wa Al-Fawa'id Kitabefusrushi Mufid, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 61.
  57. ↑ Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i, Al-Mizan, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 175.
  58. ↑ Naraghi, Awaed al-Ayam, 1417 AH, shafi na 31.
  59. ↑ Allameh Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 175.
  60. ↑ elamiyyeh, Huquq Bashar, Madeh na 19.
  61. ↑ Normfidi, ƙawa'id Hurmate Ihanat be Mukaddasat, 1400, shafi na 133.

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