Zina

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Risala Ilmiyya

Zina, (Larabci: الزنا) shine Saduwa tsakanin Mace da Namiji ba tare da Igiyar Aure a Tsakaninsu ba, Hakika Zina tana cikin Manya-manyan Zunubai, kuma kasancewar Zina Haramun yana daga Badihiyat, ukuba kan aikata Zina bisa la’akari da Sharadi tana banbanta, alal misali Ukubar Zinar wanda bai da aure shine za a yi masa Bulala 100, ukubar Zinar Mai Aure za a jefe shi, Sannan kuma ukubar wanda ya yi Zina da Muharramarsa ta jininsa, da kuma wanda ya yi zina ta hanyar Fyade duka za a Kashe su. Kan asasin Fatawowin Malaman Fikihu, ana tabbatar da Zina ne kadai ta hanyar Ikirari wanda ya aikata Zina da Kuma samun Shaida, ba a tabbatar da Zina ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen ilimin Likitanci, akwai Mabanbantar Hukunce-hukunce kan Masu aikata Zina, daga jumlarsu shine Idan ya aikata Zina da Matar Aure ko kuma Matar da take cikin Iddar Sakin da za ta iya komawa gidan Mijinta, yin hakan yana zama sababin Haramtuwar Aure tsakaninsu har abada, ma’ana dai har abada baya halasta su yi aure.

Sanin Mafhumi

Zina cikin Ta’arifin Malaman Fikihu shine Saduwa tsakanin Mace da Namiji ba tare da samuwar igiyar aure a tsakaninsu ba, ko kuma ya zama ba Mallakarsa bace, ko samuwar Shubuhar aure ko ta Mallaka [1] kadai ana kirga abin da suka aikata matsayin Zina idan Kan Kaciyarsa ya shiga cikin Farjinta ko ya nutse cikin Duburarta [2]

Zina tana daga Cikin Manya-Manya Zunubai

Malaman Muslunci suna kirga Zina cikin Manya-Manya Zunubai [3] kuma suna ganin Haramcinta cikin Badihiyyat ne [4] a cewar Mawallafin Littafin Jawahirul Al-Kalam Malamin Fikhu na Shi’a a Karni na Goma sha uku h Kamari, dukkanin Addinai suna da ittifakin ra’ayoyi kan haramcin Zina [5] kan Asasin Littafi Mai Tsarki (Linjila) hakika Hani kan aikata Zina yana daya daga cikin Umarnin guda Goma na Hazarat Musa (A.S) [6] a wasu wurare ma Ukubar Zina tana zama Jefe wanda ya aikata ta [7] Akwai ayoyi guda Bakwai da suka yi bayani kan Zina da Hukunce-hukuncen kanta [8] cikin riwayoyi an jingina Zina daidai da misalin Kashe Annabawa da Ruguje Dakin Ka’aba, [9] sannan an ambaci kufaifayin Zina da cutarwarta daga Duniya da Lahira, daga cikinsu akwai Rashin samun Albarka a rayuwa [10] kawar da haske na Zahiri, gajertar da rayuwa, Talauci, [11] Mutuwar Fuju’a, [12] duka suna cikin sakkonin Zina da Kufaifayinta a Duniya, sannan Kuma tana haifar da wasu Kufaifayi a Lahira kamar haka: Tsananta Hisabi, Fushin Allah da dawwama a Jahannama, [13] Falsafar Haramcin Zina, akwai Kariya daga Cudanyar Nasaba, Kariya ga Tsatso, Kariya daga Yaduwar cututtuka da kuma Samun Nutsuwa da Aminci cikin Al’umma. [14]

Ukuba

Litattafan Fikhu sun kawo bayanin Ukubobi guda uku ga Zina, kowacce daya an kebance kan Nau’in Zinar da aka aikata, Ukubobin sune: Bulala, Jifa, da Kisa.

  • Bulala, Aske Gashin Kai da kora: Haddi ne na Zina kan Namiji ko Mace, Baligi ko Baliga, Mai Hankali, `Da ba Bawa haka `Ya ba Baiwa ba, kuma ya zamanto bashi da aure ko ba ta da aure, za a yi masa ko mata bulala 100, [15] a Aske gashin Kai, [16] Korar Shekara daya zuwa wani gari wanda ba Nasa-nata ba [17] Hakika hukunci Bulala ya zo cikin Alkur’ani aya ta 2 Suratul Nur, kuma kan asasin wannan aya wajibi wasu adadin Muminai su halllara wurin zartar da wannan Hukunci [18]
  • Kisa, Ukuba ce ta aikata Zina da Muharramai na Nasaba misalin (Mahaifiya, `yar’uwa, da `Ya) da kuma Zinar Fin Karfi [19] da kuma Zinar da wanda ba Musulmi ba ya aikata da Musulmi kuma ya maimaita aikata hakan lokuta da daman gaske bayan an masa Bulala za a Kashe shi [20]
  • Jifa” Haddi ne na Zinar Masu Aure [21] Matar Aure ko Namiji Mai aure `Da da `Ya ba Bayi ba, Mai Hankali, idan ya aikata Zina ko ta aikata Zina, ance [22] za a haka Rami a binne shi ko ita zuwa Kirji Bayan ta yi ko ya yi wanka, sannan a Jefe shi ko ita har sai ya mutu ko ta mutu. [23] Ukubar Zinar Tsoho ko Tsohuwa Masu aure za a yi Musu Bulala 100 sannan kuma a jefe su [24]

Aikata Zina a wurare masu tsarki da daraja misalin Masallaci da Hubbaren Manyan Mutane ko kuma a cikin Watan Ramadan yana sanya tsananta Ukuba kan wanda ya aikata Zinar, kari kan tsayar da haddi to ana musu Ta’aziz (Ta’aziri) sannan haka Al’amarin yake ga wanda ya aikata Zina da Gawar Mace [25] Akwai Dokar Ukubar Zina cikin Dokokin Ukuba na Kasashen Musulmi kamar misalin Kasar Iran, Saudi Arabiyya, Fakistan. [26]

Hanyoyin Tabbatar da Zina

A fatawar Malaman FIkihu akwai hanyoyi biyu don tabbatar da Zina : Ikirarin wanda ya aikata Zina, Shaida.

  • Ikirari: Tabbatuwar Zina ta hanyar Ikirari, tana da wasu sharudda daban kari kan Gama-garin Sharudda na taklifi kamar Balaga, Hankali, Zabi da kasancewa Yantacce, dole ne sai ya Maimaita furta Ikirarin har sau hudu, [27]
  • Shaida: Tabbadar da Zina ta Hanyar Shaida ya dogara ne da bada Shaidar Maza guda Hudu ko kuma Maza uku Mata biyu 29 haka zalika ana yin Bulala da bada Shaida Maza biyu Mata Hudu ko kuma Maza guda uku da Mata guda biyu, [28] amma banda Jifa [29] sannan dole ne Shaida ta su ta zama iri daya ta kowacce fuska ma’ana dukkanin sun gani da Idanu a lokacin da ake Zinar kuma a wuri daya kuma dole su gani karara, sabanin haka za a hukunta su da yin Kazafi a yi musu hukunci yin Kazafi. [30]

Kan asasin Fatawowin Malaman Fikihu Mustahabbi ne Kauracewa bada Shaidar Zina, haka zalika Mustahabbi ne Alkali ya kwadaitar da Masu bada Shaidar Zina da Kauracewa bada Shaida ta hanyar yi musu Kinaya da Ishara. [31]

Wasu Ba’ari daga Hukunce-hukuncen Fikihu Dangane da Zina

Ba’arin Hukunce-Hukunce Fikhu dangane da Zina sun kasance kamar haka:

  • kan Asasin Ra’ayin Mashhur, ba a samar da Nasaba (Iyali) ta hanyar Zina, daga wannan Fuska ne a Mahangar Shari’a ya zama ba danganta `Dan Zina Zuwa ga Namiji ko Mace,[32] amma a ra’ayin Wasu Malaman Fikhu a wannan zamani kamar misalin Imam Khomaini da Ayatullahi Kuyi sun saba da wannan ra’ayi. [33]
  • Idan Matar aure gabanin Sakinta ta aikata Zina hakika kan asasin Fatawar Mashhur zata Haramta har abada daga wanda ya yi Zina da ita [34] na’am wasu ba’arin Maraji’an Taklidi misalin Sayyid Shubairi Zanjani sun tafi kan cewa wannan Mata bata Haramta har abada daga wanda ya aikata Zina da ita [35]
  • Kan asasin Mahangar Mashhur tsakanin Malaman Fikihu, aikata Zina da Mahaifiya ko kuma da Diyar wata Mata yana zama sababin Haramtuwar aure tsakaninsa da ita, amma tare da sharadin ya aikata Zina da su kafin aure, [36]
  • Mace Mara aure da ta aikata Zina kan asasin Mahangar Mashhur babu idda a kanta [37] amma Matar aure da ta samu ciki ta hanyar Zina sannan Mijinta ya saketa, zata iya aure bayan gama Idda, ko da kuwa bata haihu ba. [38]
  • idan Mutum ya Zargi Matarsa da aikata Zina, idan ya zamanto sun yi Li’ani (Tsineniya tsakanin Junansu tsakanin tabbatar da Zina da kore Zina) tsakanin Junansu, to fa shikenan ta Haramta daga gareshi har abada [39]
  • idan Mazinaci Ko Mazinaciya ya gudu a lokacin zartar da Haddi kansa a cikin surar kasancewar Ukubarsa Jifa wacce ta tabbatu ta hanyar Ikirarin da ya yi, shikenan ya kubucewa Ukubar ba kuma za a kamo shi a zartar da Haddi kansa ba, amma idan ya zama Haddi ya tabbatu ne ta hanyar Shaida daga Shaidu, to za a aje a kamo shi a zartar da Haddin a kansa. [40]
  • Bulala da Jifa suna tabbatuwa ne idan su wanda suka aikata Zina sun san cewa Aikata Zina haramun ne. [41]
  • a wannan wurare da ambatonsu zai zo ukubar Zina tana faduwa: idan akayi Zina cikin Shubuha (misali Mazinacin ya yi zaton cewa da matarsa ya sadu), yin Da’awar Aure, Tilashi ( a tilasta mutum aikata Zina) Tuba daga aikata Zina [42] kafi aikata ta sannan Kafin Alkali ya tabbatar an aikata Zinar. [43]
  • Haddin Zina. Hakki ne na Allah, ta wannan Fuska ne zartar da Hukunci Zina baya jiran sai wani Mutum ya nemi a zartar, Alkali zai iiya zartar da shi bisa Iliminsa, [44] haka zalika tare da Bada Shaida ta sa kai da idan Alkali ya karbi Shaidar. [45]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Misali, duba Mohaghegh Hilli, Shara'i al-Islam, 1408 AH, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 136; Tusi, Al-Tibyan, Dar Ihya Al-Trath al-Arabi, juzu'i na 6, shafi.475
  2. ↑ Mohaghegh Hilli, Shara’i al-Islam, 1408H, juzu’i na 4, shafi na 136.
  3. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1369, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 258; Tusi, Al-Tabayan, Dar Ihya Al-Trath al-Arabi, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 475; Khumaini, Tahrir al-Wasila, 1408H, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 274.
  4. ↑ Sadr, Al-Fatawa Al-Wadiha, Aladab Press, shafi na 19.
  5. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1369, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 258.
  6. ↑ Kitabe Mukaddas, safare Kuruj, sura 20, aya ta 1 zuwa 18.
  7. ↑ KItab MUkaddas, Kitab Safre Tasniya, 22:23-24; Kitab Mukaddas, Kitab Lawiyan, 20:11-12.
  8. ↑ Suratul Nisa, aya ta 15 da ta 16; Suratul Isra, aya ta 32; Suratul Noor, aya ta 2 da ta 3; Suratul Furqan, aya ta 68; Suratul Momtahnah, aya ta:12.
  9. ↑ Majlesi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 76, shafi na 20.
  10. ↑ Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 76, shafi na 19.
  11. ↑ Majlesi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 76, shafi na 22.
  12. ↑ Majlesi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 76, shafi na 23.
  13. ↑ Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 76, shafi na 21.
  14. ↑ Allameh Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 13, shafi na 88; Makarem Shirazi, Tafsir Namuneh, 1374, juzu'i na 12, shafi na 102-103.
  15. ↑ Sheikh Sadouq, Al-Muqni, 1415H, shafi na 428.
  16. ↑ Allameh Hilli, Muktalafu Shi'a, 1413 AH, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 150.
  17. ↑ >Allameh Hilli, Muktalafu Shi'a, 1413 AH, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 150.
  18. ↑ Suratul Nur, aya ta 2
  19. ↑ Mohaghegh Hilli, Shara'i'ul Islam, 1408 Hijira, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 141.
  20. ↑ Najafi, Javaher Al Kalam, 1369, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 313-309; Khumaini, Tahrir al-Wasila, 1408H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 462-463.
  21. ↑ Sheikh Sadouq, Al-Muqni, 1415H, shafi na 428.
  22. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1369, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 318-322.
  23. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1369, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 347 da 358.
  24. ↑ Shahid Sani, Al-Rawda Al-Bahiya, 1410 AH, Mujalladi na 9, shafi na 85-86; Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1369, juzu'i na 41, shafi 318-320
  25. ↑ Najafi, Javaher Al Kalam, 1369, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 373-374 da 644-645; Tahrir al-Wasila, 1408H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 468
  26. ↑ Heydari, "Zina", shafi na 600
  27. ↑ Mohagheq Hilli, Shara'i al-Islam, 1408, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 138-138; Khumaini, Tahrir al-Wasila, 1408H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 459.
  28. ↑ Mohaghegh Hili, Shara’i al-Islam, 1408, juzu’i na 4, shafi na 139.
  29. ↑ Mohaghegh Hili, Shara’i al-Islam, 1408, juzu’i na 4, shafi na 139
  30. ↑ Najafi, Javaher al-Kalam, 1369, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 158-154 da 302-296; Khumaini, Tahrir al-Wasila, 1408H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 461; Khoi, Takmila Minhaj al-Salehin, 1407H, shafi na 25.
  31. ↑ Najafi, JawahirulKalam, 1369, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 307.
  32. ↑ Najafi, Javaher al-Kalam, 1369, juzu'i na 29, shafi na 256-257 da juzu'i na 31, shafi.236; Khumaini Tahrir al-Wasila, 1408H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 264-265.
  33. ↑ Sharia'a, "Nasab Nashi Az Zina wa Asar Madani an ba Rukerdi bar Didgahe Imam Khumaini", kaka 2014
  34. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1369, juzu'i na 29, shafi.446.
  35. ↑ Shabiri Zanjani, Risalah Tauzihul al-Masa'il, 2008, shafi na 517, fitowa ta 2407
  36. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1369, juzu'i na 29, shafi na 363-368; Tabatabaei Yazdi, Al-Arwa Al-Waghti, 1420 AH, Juzu'i na 5, shafi na 549-550.
  37. ↑ Bahrani, al-Hadaeq al-Nadrah, 1405 AH, juzu'i na 23, shafi na 504.
  38. ↑ Shahid Sani, Masalek al-Afham, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 262-263; Najafi, Jawaharlal Kalam, 1369, juzu'i na 32, 263-264
  39. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1369, juzu'i na 30, 25-24.
  40. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1369, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 349-351.
  41. ↑ Mohaghegh Hilli, Shara’i al-Islam, 1408H, juzu’i na 4, shafi na 136.
  42. ↑ Mohaghegh Hilli, Shara'i al-Islam, 1408H, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 137-138.
  43. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1369, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 293 da 307-308
  44. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1369, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 366.
  45. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1369, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 106.

Nassoshi

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  • Shari'a, ilhama, «نسب ناشی از زنا و آثار مدنی آن با رویکردی بر دیدگاه امام خمینی»، مجله پژوهشنامه متین، پاییز ۱۳۹۴ش.
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