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Jirkita Ashura

Daga wikishia
Makokin Muharram
Allon Zanen La'asar Ɗin Ashura
La'asar Ɗin Ashura Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan zane-zane na fasaha Mahmud Farsheciyan
Muhimman Abubuwan Da Suka Faru
Wasiƙun Mutanen Kufa Zuwa Ga Imam Husaini (A.S) • Wasiƙar Imam Husaini (A.S) Zuwa Ga Manyan Basra • Ranar Ashura • Waƙi'ar Karbala • Waƙi'ar Ashura (A Mahangar Ƙididdiga) • Jadawalin Rana-rana Waƙi'ar Ashura • Fursunonin Karbala
Ɗaiɗaikun Mutane
Imam Husaini (A.S) • Ali Akbar • Ali Asgar • Abbas Bin Ali • Sayyida Zainab • Sakina Ƴar Imam Husaini • Faɗima Ƴar Imam Husaini • Muslim Bin Aƙil • Shahidai • Fursunonin Karbala
Wurare
Haramin Imam Husaini (A.S) • Tudun Zainabiyya • Haramin Sayyidina Abbas (A.S) • Ramin Makasar Husaini • Bainal Haramaini • Ƙoramal Alƙama
Munasabobi
Tasu'a • Ashura • Goman Muharram • Arba'in • Goman Safar
Bukukusan Addini
Karanta Waƙar Baƙin ciki • Alhini • Ta'aziyya • Riwayar Baƙin ciki • Dukan Jiki Da Sarƙa • Dukan Ƙirji • Wurin Shayar Da Ruwa • Kiɗan Tambari Da Ganga • Rukunin Masu Taron Baƙin ciki • Daren Baƙin ciki Da Ƙaura • Buga Wuƙa A Jiki • Tattakin Arba'in

Jirkita Ashura, (Larabci: تحريفات عاشوراء) jumla ce da take ishara ga riwayoyi da fashin baƙi ko ra'ayi kan waƙi'ar Ashura, da wasu malamai da masu bincike suke ganin cewa ƙirƙirarsu aka yi, kuma ba su inganta ba. An faɗi cewa naƙali ko kawo abin da yake ba na gaskiya ba ko ƙarya, abin da ba shi da madogara an shigar da su ne cikin litattafai a mabambanta ƙarnoni bayan waƙi'ar Ashura, musamman a lokacin daular Safawiyya da ƙajariyya.

Daga cikin litattafan da suke kawo ƙirƙirarrun ruwayoyi kan Ashura akwai littafin Raudatush Shuhada na Shaik Wa'izi Alkashifi, da littafin Asrarush Shahada na Fadil Darbandi da littafin Mahraƙul ƙulub na Mulla Ahmad Naraƙi, kuma tabbas wasu da yawa cikin malamai sun soki abun da ya faru na jirkita waƙi'ar Karbala, kuma sun rubuta littafai da yawa kan hakan, daga cikinsu akwai Muhaddis Nuri cikin littafinshi mai suna Allu'ulu'u Wal Marjan, da Murtada Muɗahhari a littafinshi Al-Malhamatul Husainiyya.

Daga cikin maganganu da labarai waɗanda ake ganin na jirkita Ashura ne akwai waɗannan: Ko wace rana Ashura ce kuma ko wace ƙasa Karbala ce, da jumlar Shin akwai wani mai taimako ya taimakeni, da ƙIssar Shahadar ƴa'yan Muslim, da issar Za'afar Aljini.

Ma'anar Jirkita Ashura

Jirkita Ashura yana nufin ruwayoyi na tarihi kan waƙi'ar Ashura waɗanda ba su inganta ba, da ra'ayin da ba na gaskiya ba kan yunƙunrin Imam Husaini (A.S) Shahid Muɗahhari cikin littafinshi mai suna Al-Malhamatul Husainiyya ya ce wasu ra'ayi da bayanai kan waƙir Ashura waɗanda ba su inganta ba, suna cikin jirkitawa waƙi'ar Ashura a ma'ana, kamar wasu bayanai na tarihi waɗanda ba su inganta ba, kamar jingina wasu maganganu da huɗubobin ƙarya na wasu mutane duk suna cikin jirkita Ashura ta hanyar lafazi.[1]

Abubuwan Da Suka Janyo Jirkita Waƙi'ar Ashura

Lalle an jirkita waƙi'ar Ashura da dalilai daban-daban, inda Muhaddis Nuri ya ambaci wasu daga cikinsu dalilan da suka sa jirkita waƙi'ar Ashura, kamar, samar da yanayi da mutum zai ji kamar yana ji a jikinshi abin da yake faru ga iyalan Annabi (A.S) a filin Karbala[2] da ƙoƙarin samar da wani littafi wanda ya tattara duk abin da ya shafi Ashura daga marubuta[3] da sha'awar yaɗa falalolin iyalan gidan Manzo (S.A.W) da sa mutane su ji musibar da ta faru a Karbala kamar jikinsu.[4] Daga cikin wasu abubuwa da suke sawa a ƙara gishiri da abubuwa da ba haka ba suke a waƙi'ar Karbala akwai, bayyana waƙi'ar fiye da yadda ta faru da abubuwan da ba su faru ba, hikimarsu ita ce girmama iyalan gidan manzon Allah (S.A.W), da yin abin da mahalarta suka fi so, da bayyana maƙiyi na asali.[5] Haka kuma akwai rashin tantance ruwayoyi na tarihi a lokacin da ake naƙalto su, da kuma dogaro kan wasu raunana ruwayoyi wajan kawo abin da ya faru a tarihi, da cuɗanya waƙoƙi da da rubutun zube, da dogaro kan abin da mutum ya hadda ce da wanda ya ji da baki, da kawo ƙissa kan maganganun da suka faru a tarihi, da caanza yaren hali zuwa yaren magana, duk waɗannan suna cikin abubuwan da suka taimaka wajan jirkita waƙi'ar Ashura.[6]

Maganar Da Ake Jinginawa Imam Husaini (A.S)

Maganganu da waƙoƙi da ake jingina su ga Imam Husaini (A.S) waɗanda suna cikin abin da ake ganin a matsayin abin da suke cikin jirkita Ashura:

  • Rayuwa Aƙida ce da kuma jahadi: Shahid Muɗahhari yana ganin wannan jumla ce wace ba ta da ma'ana, ba ta da madogara.[7] Amma Muhammad Sihati Sardarudi mai bincike kan waƙi'ar Ashura yana ganin wannan jumla wani sashe ne na waƙoƙin Ahmad Shauƙi ɗan ƙasar Masar.[8]
  • Idan addini Muhammad (S.A.W) ba zai tsaya ba har sai an kashe ni, to ku takubba ku ɗaukeni, Mahammad Sihati ya yi shakku kan jingina wannan jumla ga Imam Husaini (A.S) yana ganin wannan wani baiti ne na wata waƙa ta Abil Hubbi Alhuwaizi (Rayuwa: 1235-1305)[9]
  • Ku shayar dani ruwa: Murtada Muɗahhari ya ce lalle shi bai ga wannan jumla ba a cikin litattafai na Maƙtal Imam Husaini (A.S) saboda shi Imam Husaini (A.S) bai buƙaci ruwa ba daga waɗannan mutane[10]
  • Shin akwai mai taimako ya taimakeni?: ita ma wannan jumlar Muhammad Sihati ya yi shakka kan ingancin jingina ta ga Imam Husaini (A.S) ya faɗi cewa bai sami wani abu ba da yake nuna cewa wannan jumlar Imam Husaini ne ya faɗe ta,[11] sai dai cewa Jawad Muhadissi marubucin littafin Saƙafate Ashura yana ganin an naƙalto wannan jumla ne da ma'ana, saboda wannan magana akwai ta cikin litattafai na tarihi da wata siga daban.[12]

Ya ke wannan Tauraruwa mafi ƙarancin shekaru, haka taurarin Asuba suke da ƙarancin shekaru: Bisa ra'ayin Muhaddis Nuri wannan ƙasida Abu Hassan Attahami ne ya rubuta ta (Rasuwa: 416 hijira) yana baƙin cikin rasuwar ɗanshi, amma sai aka jingina ta ga Imam Husaini (A.S) da nuna cewa ya rera ta ga Ali Akbar.[13]

Ruhotanni

Ya zo cikin littafin Allu'ulu'u Wal Marjan da Muntahal Amal da Al-Malhamatul Husainiyya da sauransu cewa akwai ruwayoyi gurɓatattu, ga yadda suka zo cikin litattafan:

Allu'ulu'u Wal Marjan Littafin Da Muhaddisi Nuri Ya Rubuta

Daga cikin abubuwan da Muhaddis Nuri ya ambata a littafinshi Allu'ullu'u wal Marjan, a ƙarƙashin abin da aka naƙalto na ƙarya ko wanda bas hi da sanadi ga su kamar haka:

  1. Imam Husaini (A.S) ya kalli Sayyida Zainab (A.S) da gefan idonshi a lokacin da ake kashe shi, ya buƙaci cewa ta koma cikin tanti.[16]
  2. Imam Husaini (A.S) ya kai hari da yawa a ranar Ashura, kuma cikin ko wane hari ya kashe mutum dubu goma.[17]
  3. Iyalan Imam Husaini (A.S) sun isa zuwa Karbala a ranar Arba'in.[18]
  4. Ƴanta Aɗiyya Alkufi bawan Jabir Bin Abdullahi Ansari, a lokacin da ya yi mishi bushara da zuwan iyalan Imam Husaini (A.S).[19]
  5. Hashim Almarƙal ya wanzu da ran shi bayan halartar waƙi'ar Ashura.[20]
  6. Alƙawarin sahabban Imam Husaini (A.S) bisa shugabancin Habibu ɗan Mazahir a daren Ashura, cewa ka da wani daga cikin Bani Hashim ya gabace su fita filin yaƙi.[21]
  7. Ƙissar Za'afar Al-Jinni,[22] babban Aljanu wanda ya nunawa Imam Husaini (A.S) cewa za su taimaka mishi idan yana buƙata, amma sai Imam Husaini (A.S) yaƙi yarda da hakan.[23]
  8. Jahilcin Imam Sajjad (A.S) kan abubuwan da suka faru a Karbala, sai da Imam Husaini (A.S) ya zo masa ya ba shi labarin abin da ya faru, ya faɗa mishi cewa, ka sani a cikin wannan runfunan babu namiji daga ni sai kai.[24]
  9. Yayin da Imam Husaini (A.S) ya yi bankwana da iyalanshi domin fita gurin yaƙi, ba a samu mai kawowa Imam Husaini (A.S) dokinshi mai suna Jawad ba sai Sayyida Zainab (A.S), to sai takawo mashi dokin sai ya hau.[25]
  10. Maganar da ake jingina ta ga Sayyida Zainab (A.S) a lokacin da ta je gurin da aka kashe Imam Husaini (A.S), sai ta ce, shin kai ne ɗan uwana? Shin kai ne fatanmu?[26]
  11. A rana ɗaya Imam Sajjad (A.S )ya suma sau biyu saboda kuka, sai Abu Hamza Sumali ya zo yana taya shi baƙin ciki kuma yana yi mishi nasiha.[27]
  12. Labarin auren Ƙasim a filin Karbala.[28]
  13. Ƙissar Abbas a lokacin yaƙin Siffin.[29]
  14. Ƙissar ɗebo ruwan da Abbas ya yi domin Imam Husaini (A.S) a lokacin da yana ƙaramin yaro.[30]
  15. A lokacin da Ali Akbar ya tafi filin yaƙi, Imam Husaini (A.S) ya buƙaci mahafiyarshi Laila da ta yi mishi addu'a, saboda Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) ya ce, lalle addu'ar uwa ga ɗanta karɓaɓɓiya ce.[31]

Littafin Muntahal Amal Na Muhaddis Ƙummi

Cikin wannan littafi Shaik Abbas Ƙummi ya yi shakku kan inganci wasu ruwayoyi:

  1. Shahadar ƴaƴan Muslim da yadda suka yi shahadar da bayanan da suka shahara kan hakan.[32]
  2. Jingina buga kai da Sayyida Zainab (A.S) ta yi a jikin wani abin ɗaukan mutane da ake ɗora shin saman Raƙumi a lokacin da ta ga kan ɗan uwanta, tana mai faɗin wannnan jumlar: (Kai wata mai kamala da haske, lokacin da ka cika kyawu, rashin haske ya shafe ka, sai haskenka ya fara dusashewa)[33]
  3. Kawo kan Imam Husaini (A,S) da kawukan shahidan Karbala zuwa Karbala a ranar arba'in, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Imam Sajjad (A.S) domin haɗa su da gangar jikinsu[34]

Haka kuma, Shaik Abbas Ƙummi ya ambaci cewa masu rubuta littafin Maƙtal (Kashe Imam Husaini), ba su ambaci komai ba daga iyalan gidan Imam Husaini (A.S) a yammacin waƙi'ar Ashura.[35].

Littafin Malhamatul Husainiyya Na Shaik Murtada Muɗahhari

Murtada Muɗahhari ya ambaci jirkita waƙi'ar Ashura kamar haka:

  1. Tarwatsewar da sahabban Imam Husaini (A.S) suka yi a daran waƙi'ar Ashura bayan huɗubar da Imam Husaini (A.S) ya yi, sai Shahid Muɗahhari ya ce wannan abin babu littafin da ya kawo shi sai littafin Nasikhut Tawarikh.[36]
  2. Ƙissar Asad da Fidda.[37]
  3. Ƙissar wata matashiya Bayahudiyya wace ta sami jarrabawar shanyewar ɓangaran jiki, da yadda ta warke ta hanyar sama ta ɗigon jinin Imam Husaini (A.S) a cikin jikinta ta hanyar wani tsuntsu.[38]

Littafin Nazaratu Alal Almalhama Alhusainiyya Lil Ustaz Muɗahhari Na Salihu Najaf Abadi

  1. Fursunonin Karbala sun buƙaci a wuce da su ta Karbala ku sa da gawarwakin shahidai.[39]
  2. Cewa wai fursunoni sun jefo kansu ƙasa daga kan abin hawansu.[40]
  3. Wai mutanan Kufa sun ba da sadaka ga iyalan gidan Imam Husaini (A.S)[41]

A Mahangar Wasu Masu Bincike

Wasu masu bincike suna ganin wannan abubuwan da za a zayyano suna cikin abubuwan da suke nuna cewa an jirkita waƙi'ar Ashura:

  1. Fadal Ali Ƙazwini a cikin littafinshi mai suna Al-Imam Husaini (A.S) Wa As'habihi wannan, ya faɗi cewa: Lalle Imam Husaini (A.S) ya ba da izini ga sahabbanshi a daren waƙi'ar Ashura cewa wanda yake so ya tafi zai iya tafiyarsa babu lefi, kuma ko wane mutum ya kama hannun iyalansa su tafi tare, wannan jumlar ba ta zo ba cikin litattafan da suka gabata, sai dai ta zo a gurin Muhammad Bin Jarir Ɗabari shi kuma ya naƙalto daga Zahhak Bin Abdullahi Almashraƙi, saboda haka wannan jumla ba ta da inganci.[42] Sai ya ce jumlar mafi inganci ita ce, ko wane ɗayanku ya kama hannun namiji ɗaya ko ɗaya daga cikin iyalan gidanshi.[43]
  2. Yayin da Imam Husaini (A.S) ya sami labarin wafatin Muslim Bin Aƙil ya nemi komawa Madina, amma sai ƴaƴan Aƙil suka hana shi komawa.[44]
  3. Ƙissar mashi mai kai uku wanda ya shiga cikin ƙirjin Imam Husaini (A.S) sai Imam Husaini (A.S) ya cire shi ta baya, ya ce wannan maganar ba ta da sanadi.[45]
  4. An yiwa garin Kufa kwalliya da ba da umarni a rufe garin da garin Dimashƙi a yayin da iyalan gidan Imam Husaini (A.S) za su shigo, ya ce wannan al'amari yana buƙatar bincike, masammman ma abin da ya shafi garin Kufa wannan al'mari yana da wuya.[46]
  5. Maganar cewa Imam Husaini (A.S) ya ƙwace kayan tawagar ƴan kasuwa daga Yaman.[47]
  6. Fatawar Ƙazi Shuraihu kan kashe Imam Husaini (A.S) babu ita, sai a litattafai na baya-bayannan waɗanda ba zai yi wu a dogara da su ba.[48]
  7. Shaharar da wata Magana ta yi cewa, wai mutanan Kufa ba su da cika alƙawari, kamar irin shahararriyar jumlar nan "Mutumin Kufa ba ya cika alƙawari", wannan wata hanya ce da usulubi na Banu Umayya da mutanan Sham.[49]
Roḍat al-Shuhada na al-Wa'iz al-Kashifi yana daga cikin tushen da aka zargi da kawo ruwayoyi da ba su da sahihanci game da waƙi'ar Karbala da ranar Ashura

Litattafan Da Ake Zargi Da Jirkita Ashura

Daga cikin litattafan da suke naƙalto labarai da ba su da inaganci kan Ashura, waɗanda kuma ana ganinsu a matsayin gwarɓatatto akwai:

  • Maƙtalul Husain: Bisa mahangar Muhaddis Nuri yana ganin cewa littafin Abu Mikhnaf ya inganta, amma bai iso zuwa gare mu ba, amma littafin da aka yaɗa da suna Maƙtal Abi Mikhnaf ba zai yi wu a dogara da shi ba.[50]
  • Littafin Raudatush Shuhada, wanda Al-Wa'iz Alkashifi (Rasuwa: 910 hijira) Muhaddis Nuri ya ce abin da aka yaɗa kan ƙissar Za'afarul Jinni shi ma yana cikin abubuwan da suka jirkita Ashura, wanda a wannan littafin ne kawai aka ambace shi karo na farko.[51]
  • Littafin Asrarush Shahada, na Fadil Darbandi: Muhaddis Nuri ya ce yawan sojojin Umar Bin Sa'ad da yawan matanen da aka kashe daga sojojin Yazid a hannun Imam Husaini (A.S) da Abbas (A.S) yana cikin misali na jirkita wannan littafi, inda ya zo cewa yawan mutanan da Imam Husaini (A.S) ya kashe sun kai mutum dubu 300, su kuma yawan mutanen da Abbas (A.S) ya kashe sun kai mutum dubu 250.[52]
  • Muhriƙul ƙulubi, wanda Mulla Ahmad Naraƙi ya rubuta, Muhaddis Nuri da Murtada Muɗahhari suna ganin cewa ƙissar Hashim Almarƙal cewa ya rage a raye bayan Karbala tare da cewa ya halarci Karbala yana cikin abin da bai inganta ba a wannan littafin.[53]
  • Littafin Unwanul Kalam, wanda Mulla Muhammad Baƙir Alfashariki ya rubuta: daga cikin misalai kan jirkitar wannan littafi, ga su kamar haka: A daren da ya biyo bayan shahadar Ali Asgar, nono ya taro cikin ƙirjin Rabab, bayan ta fahimci hakan sai ta ce Ali Asgar kana inane? Wai sai aka fito da gawarshi daga cikin ƙasa aka soke kanshi da mashi.[54]

Daga cikin wasu litattafan da aka gurɓata, akwai littafin Nurul Aini Fi Masshadil Husaini wanda ake jingina shi ga Abi Is'haƙ Al'isfarayini, da littafin Muntakhab Fi Jam'i Almarasi wal Khuɗab na Fakhrud-dini Ɗarihi, da littafin Tazalumuz Zahara da Nasikhut Tarik na Muhammad Taƙiyyu Sabahar, da Ma'ali Sibɗaini na Muhammad Mahadi Mazandarani, da Dim'atus Assaƙiba na Muhammad Baƙir Bin Abdulkarim Bahbahani (Rasuwa: 1285 hijira).[55]

Yaƙar Jirkita Ashura

An fara fuskantar jirkita Ashura a lokacin daular Ƙajari, kuma ana la'akarin Muhaddis Nuri a matsayin malami ɗanshi'a na farko da ya rubuta littafi kan jirkita waƙi'ar Ashura.[56] daga bayan shi ne Muhammad Baƙir Khurasani Birjandi da Murtada Muɗahhari suma suka yi rubutu kan haka:

  • Lu'ulu'u wal Marjan, na Muhaddis Annuri ya rubuta wannan littafi domin yin raddi kan aƙida da ta yaɗu tsakanin mutane kan yadda ake majalisin juyayin Ashura. Muhaddis Nuri ya kammala wannan littafi a ƙarshan shekara ta 1319 hijira kafin ya rasu da shekara ɗaya. Mafi yawancin abin da yake cikin littafin suka ce kan littafin Iksirul Ibada Fi Asraril Shahada na Fadil Darbandi, a wasu guraran kuma suka ya ya kan littafin Raudatush Shuhada'a na Mulla Husaini Kashifi.[57]
  • Al-Malhamatul Husainiyya, na Murtada Muɗahhari: inda Muɗahhari ya rarrabe jirkita Ashura zuwa jirkitawa ta kalma da ta ma'ana, ya faɗi cewa daga cikin jirkitawa ta ma'ana akwai rashin kulawa da hikimar miƙewar Imam Husaini (A.S), da yaɗuwar fassarar gama-garin mutane, kazalika ya ambaci jirkitawa irin ta kalma.[58]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Al-Motahari, Majmu'atu Asar, 1377, juzu'i. 17, shafi na 67-70 da 607.
  2. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal-Marjan, 1388, shafi. 226.
  3. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal-Marjan, 1388, shafi. 223.
  4. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal-Marjan, 1388, shafi. 224.
  5. ↑ Al-Sultani, Guzareshehaye Naduruste Hadiseh Karbala,” shafi na 68 da 71.
  6. ↑ Al-Sultani, Guzareshehaye Naduruste Hadiseh Karbala,” shafi na 68 da 53-54.
  7. ↑ Al-Motahari, Majmu'atu Asar, 2019, juzu'i. 23, shafi. 171.
  8. ↑ Sehati Sardroudi, Ashura Pajuhi, shafi. 423.
  9. ↑ Sehati Sardroudi, Ashura Pajuhi, shafi. 425.
  10. ↑ Al-Motahari, Majmu'atu Asar, 1389, juzu'i. 17, shafi na 187-49.
  11. ↑ Sehati Sardroudi, Ashura Pajuhi, shafi. 431.
  12. ↑ Muhaddith, Farhange Ashura, 1995, shafi na 471 wa 472.
  13. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal marjan, 1388, shafi na 261-260.
  14. ↑ Al-Qummi, Mantahal al-Amal, 1379, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 787, Hamish 1.
  15. ↑ Sehati Sardroudi, Ashura Pajuhi, shafi. 437.
  16. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal-Marjan, 1388, shafi. 144.
  17. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal-Marjan, 1388, shafi. 144.
  18. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal-Marjan, 1388, shafi. 216-218.
  19. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal-Marjan, 1388, shafi. 218.
  20. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal-Marjan, 1388, shafi. 220.
  21. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal-Marjan, 1388, shafi. 236.
  22. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal-Marjan, 1388, shafi. 2552.
  23. ↑ Al-Kashfi, Rawdat al-Shuhada, shafi. 431.
  24. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal-Marjan, 1388, shafi. 237.
  25. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal-Marjan, 1388, shafi. 237.
  26. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal-Marjan, 1388, shafi. 238.
  27. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal-Marjan, 1388, shafi. 238.
  28. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal-Marjan, 1388, shafi. 252.
  29. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal-Marjan, 1388, shafi. 261.
  30. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal-Marjan, 1388, shafi. 261.
  31. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal-Marjan, 1388, shafi. 144.
  32. ↑ Al-Qami, Muntaha al-Amal, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 593.
  33. ↑ Al-Qami, Muntaha al-Amal, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 728-729.
  34. ↑ Al-Qami, Muntaha al-Amal, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 785-786.
  35. ↑ Al-Qami, Muntaha al-Amal, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 717.
  36. ↑ Al-Motahhari, Majmu'eh Asar Shahid Motahhari, 1377, juzu'i. 17, shafi. 256.
  37. ↑ Al-Motahhari, Majmu'eh Asar Shahid Motahhari, 1377, juzu'i. 17, shafi. 585.
  38. ↑ Al-Motahhari, Majmu'eh Asar Shahid Motahhari, 1377, juzu'i. 17, shafi. 586.
  39. ↑ Saleh Najafabadi, Negahi Beh Hamase Hosseini Ustad Motahhari, 2005, shafi. 344.
  40. ↑ Saleh Najafabadi, Negahi Beh Hamase Hosseini Ustad Motahhari, 2005, shafi. 348.
  41. ↑ Saleh Najafabadi, Negahi Beh Hamase Hosseini Ustad Motahhari, 2005, shafi. 362.
  42. ↑ Al-Qazwini, Imam al-Hussein Wa As'habihi, 1415H, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 55.
  43. ↑ Al-Qazwini, Imam al-Hussein Wa As'habihi, 1415H, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 55.
  44. ↑ Al-Qazwini, Imam al-Hussein Wa As'habihi, 1415H, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 198.
  45. ↑ Sehati Sardroudi, Ashura Pajuhi, shafi. 119.
  46. ↑ Sehati Sardroudi, Ashura Pajuhi, shafi. 119.
  47. ↑ Sehati Sardroudi, Ashura Pajuhi, shafi. 119.
  48. ↑ Sehati Sardroudi, Ashura Pajuhi, shafi. 120.
  49. ↑ Sehati Sardroudi, Ashura Pajuhi, shafi. 118-119.
  50. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal marjan, 1388, shafi. 211.
  51. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal marjan, 1388, shafi. 252.
  52. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal marjan, 1388, shafi. 254.
  53. ↑ Al-Nuri, Al-Lulu'u Wal marjan, 1388, shafi. 220. Al-Motahari, Majmu'atu Asar, 1377, juzu'i. 17, shafi na 591-592.
  54. ↑ Fatemi, Manabe Tahrife Waƙi'e Ashura, shafi na 61 da 62.
  55. ↑ Al-Andozli, Kitabeshinasi Tausifi-Intiƙadi Piramune Tahrifehaye Ashura, shafi na 160-170.
  56. ↑ پیشینه و جریان‌شناسی مبارزه با آسیب‌های فرهنگ عاشورا، Tushen bayanin Hauza.
  57. ↑ پیشینه و جریان‌شناسی مبارزه با آسیب‌های فرهنگ عاشورا، Tushen bayanin Hauza..
  58. ↑ Al-Motahari, Majmu'atu Asar, 1377, juzu'i. 17, shafi na 585-586.

Nassoshi

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