Ikfat

Daga wikishia
Risala Ilmiyya

Ikfat (arabic: الإخفات) shi ne yin karatun sallah da zikiri ƙasa-ƙasa kamar misalin raɗa Kunne, ba’arin zikirin cikin sallah misalin Tasbihatul Arba’a da Fatiha da sura ana yin su a cikin Sallar Azuhru da La’asar ƙasa-ƙasa kamar misalin raɗa a kan Kunne, Mustahabbi ne yin Ikfat a sallolin Nafila na kullum, haka zalika ya halasta a yi Ikfat a wurare misalin sallar Aya

Sanin Mafhum

Ikfat kishiyar Jaharu (bayyanar da karatu) ma’ana karatu da zikiri ƙasa-ƙasa kamar misalin raɗa a Kunne, [1] an yi bahasin wannan kalma ta Ikfat a cikin litattafan fikihu, [2] wasu jama’a daga Malaman fikihu suna ganin ma’aunin tantance Ikfat shi ne rashin fitar gundarin Sauti. [3] ayyana Ikfat yana hannun Urfi (mutane). [4]

Wuraren Da Ikfat Yake Zama Wajibi

A wuraren da bayaninsu zai zo a ƙasa wajibi ne a yi karatu da zikirin sallah ƙasa-ƙasa kamar misalin raɗa a Kunne

  • Fatiha da sura cikin Sallar Azuhur da La’asar banda sallar Azuhur ta ranar Juma’a. [5]
  • Tasbihat Arba’a cikin sallolin Azuhur, La’asar, Magariba da Isha’i. [6]
  • lokacin sallar Jam’i a bayan Liman. [7]
  • Sallar Mace yayin da wanda ba Muharriminta ba zai iya jin sautinta tare da kuma tsoron faruwar ɓarna. [8]
  • karatun Suratu Hamdu a sallar Ihtiyadi. [9]
  • bisa fatawar Aksarin Maraji’an Taƙlidi rashin kiyaye Ikfat yana ɓata sallah, na’am idan ya kasance sakamakon mantuwa ko rashin sani sallah bata ɓaci. [10]

Wuraren Da Ya Halasta Da Kuma Kasancewarsa Mustahabbi

Ikfat yana kasance Mustahabbi a wuraren da za su zo a ƙasa kamar haka:

  • cikin sallolin mustahabbi da ake yin su a kullum. [11]
  • zikirin A’uzubillahi Minal Shaiɗanil rajeem kafin fara karatun Fatiha da sura. [12]

Haka kuma Ikfat ana kirga shi a halas a wuraren da za su zo a ƙasa Mai sallah zai iya bayyana karatu ko kuma yi ƙasa-ƙasa kamar misalin mai yin raɗa:

  • Fatiha da Sura a cikin Sallolin Asubahi, Magariba, Isha’i amma fa ga mata kaɗai tare da sharaɗin cewa wanda ba muharraminta ba ba zai ji sautinta ba. [13]
  • zikirin da ake yi cikin sallah amma banda Fatiha da sura da Tasbihatul Arba’a. [14]
  • Sallar Aya da sallar ɗawafi. [15]

Hikimar Jaharu Da Ikfat

Kan asasin wani hadisi da ya zo a cikin littafin Ilalul Ash-Shara’i dangane da illar Jaharu da Ikfat cikin karatun sallah, an nakalto cewa Sallolin Asubahi, Magariba da Isha’i ana yin su cikin duhu ne da wannan dalili ne ake bayyana karatunsu saboda mutane su san cewa lokacin sallah ya yi su haɗu su yi ta a cikin jam’i, amma a cikin sallolin Azuhur da la’asar kasancewar ana yin su cikin hasken rana za a ga mai sallah a fili a sarari babu buƙatar bayyana karatu. [16] wannan sunna ta cigaba duk da cewa yanzu Masallatai ana sanya musu fitilun Lantarki. [17]

Bayanin kula

  1. Dehkhoda, Luggatnameh Dehkhoda , zire wajeh.
  2. Hashemi Shahroudi, Farhang Fiƙh, 1426 AH, ɓol. 1, p. 113.
  3. duba: Najafi, Jawahirul Kalam, 1404 AH, ɓol.9, p.376; Tabatabaei Yazdi, Al-Arawa al-Wughta, 1409 AH, ɓol.1, p.650, M26; Imam Khomeini, Tahrir al-Wasila, Dar al-Alam, ɓol. 1, p. 166, M11.
  4. خویی، موسوعة الإمام الخوئی، ۱۴۱۸ق، ج‌۱۴، ص۴۰۲؛ <a class="eɗternal text" href="https://www.sistani.org/persian/qa/0873/">«جهر و اخفات در نماز»</a>پایگاه اطلاع‌رسانی دفتر آیت الله سیستانی
  5. Najafi, Majma al-Rasaleh (Mohash Sahib Jaɓaher), 1415 AH, p. 253, 1779; Imam Khomeini, Tauzihul Al-Masa'il (Mohshi), 1424 AH, ɓol. 1, p. 549, AD 992; Golpayegani, Majumul Masael 1409 AH, ɓol. 1, p. 171, p. 180.
  6. Ameli, Jame Abbasi, 1429 AH, shafi na 142; Imam Khumaini,Tauzihul Al-Masail (Mohshi), 1424 Hijira, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 556, miladiyya 1003.
  7. Tabatabaei Yazdi, Al-Arwa Al-Waghti, 1409 AH, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 790, M22.
  8. Fazel Miƙdad, Kenz al-Irfan, 1425 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 130; Imam Khumaini, Tauzihul Al-Masail (Mohshi), 1424 Hijira, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 549, 994 Miladiyya.
  9. Najafi, Majam Al-Rasa'il (Mohsh Sahib Jaɓaher), 1415 AH, shafi 328, AD 1022; Imam Khumaini, tauzihul Al-Masail (Mohshi), 1424 Hijira, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 660, 1216 Miladiyya.
  10. Imam Khumaini, Tauzihul Al-Masail (Mohshi), 1424 Hijira, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 550, miladiyya 995.
  11. Golpayegani, Majam al-Masa'il, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 116, shafi na 326.
  12. Tabatabaei Yazdi, Al-Arwa Al-Waghti, 1409 AH, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 661; Imam Khumaini, Tauzihul Al-Masail (Mohshi), 1424H, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 559.
  13. Imam Khumaini, tauzihul Al-Masail (Mohshi), 1424 Hijira, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 549, 994 Miladiyya.
  14. class="eɗternal text" href="https://makarem.ir/main.aspx?typeinfo=21&amp;lid=0&amp;catid=45579&amp;mid=276287">«مخیر بودن نسبت به جهر و اخفات در اذکار»</a>پایگاه اطلاع‌رسانی دفتر آیت الله مکارم شیرازی
  15. Fazel Moƙdad, Kenz al-Irfan, 1425 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 130; Golpayegani, Majumul Masael 1409 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 253.
  16. Sheikh Sadouƙ, Ilalul Shara'i, Al-Maktab Al-Haydariyyah, shafi na 263.
  17. class="eɗternal teɗt" href="https://makarem.ir/main.aspx?typeinfo=21&amp;lid=0&amp;catid=45579&amp;mid=258226">«فلسفه جهر و اخفات نمازها»</a>پایگاه اطلاع‌رسانی دفتر حضرت آیت‌الله العظمی مکارم شیرازی

Nassoshi

  • Imam Khomeini, Sayyid Ruhollah, Tahrir al-Wasila, Kum, Dar al-Alam, bugu na farko, beta.
  • Imam Khumaini, Sayyid Ruhollah,Tauzihul Al-Masa'll (Mohshi), ƙom, Jamia Madrasin, 1424H.
  • «جهر و اخفات در نماز»، پایگاه اطلاع‌رسانی دفتر آیت الله سیستانی، مشاهده مطلب ۱۱ مرداد ۱۴۰۰ش.
  • Khoei, Sayyid Abul ƙasim, Mausuatu Imam Al-Khoei, ƙum, Mu'assaseh Ihya Asar Imam Al-Khoei (RA), bugu na farko, 1418H.
  • Dehkhoda, Ali Akbar, Kamus, Tehran, Luggatanameh Dehkhoda, Institute, bugu na biyu, 1377.
  • Sheikh Sadouƙ, Muhammad Bin Ali, Ilalul Al-Shara'i, Najaf, Al-Maktab Al-Haydariyyah, Bita.
  • Tabatabaei Yazdi, Seyyed Mohammad Kazem, Al-Arwa Al-Waghhi, Beirut, Al-Alami Publishing House, bugu na biyu, 1409H.
  • Aamili, Bahauddin, da Sawji, Nizam bn Hossein, Jame Abbasi, ƙum, ofishin wallafe-wallafen Musulunci, bugu na farko, 1429H.
  • Fazel Moƙdad, Miƙdad bin Abdullah, Kenz al-Irfan Fiƙhu al-ƙur'an, ƙom, Mortazaɓi Publications, bugu na farko, 1425 AH.