Daƙiƙa:Suratul Ƙamar
 Najmi Suratul Ƙamar Rahman  | |
 | |
| Lambar Sura | 54 |
|---|---|
| Juzu'i | 27 |
| Jerantuwa Ta Sauka | 37 |
| Adadin Ayoyi | 55 |
| Adadin Kalmomi | 342 |
| Adadin Haruffa | 1470 |
Suratul Ƙamar sura ta 54 cikin jizu'I na 27 cikin Alƙur'ani mai girma, kuma sura ce da ta sauka a Makka, sunanta ya samo asali daga ayar farko a cikinta, wannan sura tana bayani kan tsagewar wata kuma ana kiranta da Iƙtarabat, tana magana kan kusantowar ranar alƙiyama, kazalika tana magana kan al'ummun da suka bijirewa umarnin Allah, kamar mutanen Nuhu da Adawa da Samudawa da mutanen Luɗ, wannan sura tafi ba da muhimmanci ga Alu Fira'auna da azabar da ta sauka a kansu saboda kafircinsu.
Wasu daga cikin shahararrun ayoyinta, faɗar Allah maɗaukaki, akwai aya ta 17: (Kuma haƙiƙa, mun sauƙaƙa Alƙur'ani domin tunawa; shin akwai mai yin tunani?) da faɗinsa cikin aya ta 54-55 (Lallai masu taƙawa suna cikin lambuna da koguna. A cikin mazauni na gaskiya, a wurin Mamallaki Mai iko).
An rawaito ruwayoyi da yawa kan falalar karanta wannan sura, daga ciki akwai ruwayar da aka rawaito daga Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) cewa duk wanda ya karanta Suratul Ƙamar bayan kowane kwana ɗaya Allah zai tashe shi ranar Alƙiyama fusakarshi na haske kamar Wata a daren sha uku ko sha biyar.
Sunanta Da Ayoyinta
Ana kiran wannan sura da Alƙamar saboda ayar farko ta ambaci mu'ujizar tsagewar Wata ga Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) sai aka kirata da sunan wannan kalma wacca ta zo a farko[1] kuma ana kiranta da Iƙtarabat,[2] ayoyinta 55 kalmomi 342 haruffa 1470, ana la'akarinta cikin surori gajeru amma tana ɗauke da ayoyi da yawa.[3]
Tsarin Saukar Da Ita
Wannan sura Makkiyya ce kamar yadda ya gabata,[4] wajan sauka wannan sura ita ce ta 36, amma a cikin Alƙur'ani a yanzu ita ce ta 54 cikin juzi'i 27.[5]
Ma'anar Kalmominta
Wasu ma'anuninta masu muhimmaci;
- (Muzdajar): Shi ne hani da kuma kwaɓa, abin da ake nufi anan shi ne duk wani abu da zai hana su ko ya yi musu wa'azi.
- (Al-Ajdas): wannan kalma jam'i ce ta Jadas, abin nufi kabari.
- (Muhɗi'in): Suna cikin sauri
- (Dusrin): Ƙusoshi ne da ake ɗaure jirgin ruwa
- (Muddakir): Mai faɗaka.
- (Sarsaran): Kalmar tana nufin iska mai sanyi da ƙarfi da kuma ƙara.
- (Al-Ashir): Mai girman kai.
- (Hasiban): Kalmar tana nufin dutse , ƙila kuma ance isaka ce mai ƙarfi mai tayar da ƙura.[6]
Abun Ciki
Abin da wanna sura ta ƙunsa za a taƙaita shi cikin wannan abubuwa: Wannan sura tana magana kan kusantowar ranar Alƙiyama, da maganar tsagewar Wata da taurin kan waɗanda basu yi imani ba cikin inkarin ayoyyin Allah. Wannan sura tana magana a taƙaice kan mutanen da suka bijirewa umarnin Allah, wannan mutane sune mutanen Nuhu, da yadda azaba ta sauka gare su. Wannan sura ta yi magana kan ƙissar Adawa da kuma azabar da aka yi musu. Ayoyin wannan sura suna magana kan Samudawa da hamayyar da suka yi ga Annabinsu Salihu (A.S) da bayani mu'ujizarshi ta Taguwa da abin da aka jarabcesu da shi na Ihun Saiha daga sama. Ayoyin wannan sura suna bayani cikakke kan ɓata da lalacewar ɗabi'ar mutanen Luɗ, da fushin Allah da ya same su da kuma jarabtassu da aka yi kan azabar Allah. Ayoyin wannan sura sun ba da muhimmanci ga Alu Fir'auna da azabar mai raɗaɗi da ta sauka gare su saamakon kafircinsu da ɓatansu. Ɓangare na ƙarshe a wannan sura yana magana kan kwatanta wannan al'ummu da suka gabata da mushirikan Makka da waɗanda suka ƙi yarda da Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) da abin da yake jiransu mai haɗari idan dai suka ci gaba da ƙin yarda da gaskiya da ƙin karɓar abin da Annabi (S.A.W) ya zo da shi.[7]
Shahararrun Ayoyi
- (Kuma haƙiƙa, mun sauƙaƙa Alƙur'ani domin tunawa; shin akwai mai yin tunani?)[8] ya zo a cikin litattafan tafsiri, cewa Taisiri Alƙur'ani sauƙakawa shi ne saukar da shi ta yadda zai yi sauƙi wajan fahimta ga mutane gama-gari da ma'abota san shi da ƙaramar fahimta da mai zurfi da dukkan matakai na fahimta[9] saboda haka sauƙaka Alƙur'ani domin tunani yana nufin rashin nauyinshi gun mutum saboda kyan bayaninshi da bayyanar dalilinshi cikin hikima da ingantacciyar ma'ana, sakamakon zuwansa daga Allah maɗaukaki[10] ana la'akarin maimaita aya bayan duk wata azaba da ake saukarwa wata al'umma a matsayin wani darasi ga Musulmai da kafirai,[11]
- Faɗar maɗaukaki: (Lallai masu taƙawa suna cikin lambuna da koguna. A cikin mazauni na gaskiya, a wurin Mamallaki Mai iko).[12] Yazo a cikin littattafan tafsiri cewa: Lallai waɗanda suka kiyaye kansu daga azabar Allah ta hanyar yi masa biyayya, da sauke farillansa, da nisantar saɓo, suna cikin lambunan ranar Alƙiyama, a cikin majalisar gaskiya wadda babu maganar banza ko aikata zunubi a cikinta.[13] Su masu tsoron Allah su ne waɗanda suka kalli kansu kuma ba su yarda sun jefa ta cikin halaka ba ta hanyar saɓon Allah, suka bincike kan duk wani abu babba da ƙarami, waɗanna za su zamo makusanta ga Allah.[14]
Falala Da Fa'idoji
An rawaito ruwayoyi da yawa wajan falalar karanta wannan sura ga wasu daga ciki:
- Daga Annabi (S.A.W) cewa duk wanda ya karanta Suratul Ƙamar bayan kowane kwana ɗaya Allah zai tashe shi ranar Alƙiyama fusakarshi na haske kamar Wata a daren sha uku ko sha biyar.[15]
- An rawaito daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) cewa duk wanda ya karanta wannan sura, Allah zai tashe shi daga kabarinshi kan wata Taguwa daga cikin taguwannin Aljanna.[16]
Amma abin da wannan sura ta keɓanta da shi: An rawaito daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) duk wanda ya rubuta ta a ranar Juma'a yayin sallar Azahar kuma ya sata cikin rawaninshi, to irin wannan mutumin zai zamo mai daraja kuma karɓaɓe a gurin mutane, kuma za'a sauƙaƙa mishi duk wani abu mai wahala da izinin Allah.[17]
Bayanin kula
- ↑ Musawi, Al-Wadihu Fit Tafsir, juzu'i na 15, shafi na 253.
- ↑ Alusi, Ruhul Ma'ani, juzu'i na 27, shafi na 104.
- ↑ Khurramshahi, Mausu'at al-Qur'an wa al-Dirasat al-Qur'aniyya, juzu'i na 2, shafi 1253.
- ↑ Ɗusi, Tafsr At-Tibyan, juzu'i na 11, shafi na 47; Fakhrur Razi, At-Tafsirul Kabir, juzu'i na 29 shafi na 26.
- ↑ Ma'arifat, At-Tamhid Fi Ulumil Qur'an, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 168.
- ↑ Musawi, Al-Wadihu Fit Tafsir, juzu'i na 15, shafi na 254-278.
- ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Tafsir Amsal, juzu'i na 17, shafi na 182.
- ↑ Suratul Ƙamar: aya ta 17.
- ↑ Ɗabaɗaba'i, Tafsir Almizan, juzu'i na 19, shafi na 71.
- ↑ Ɗabrisi, Majma'ul Bayan, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 469.
- ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Tafsir Amsal, juzu'i na 17, shafi na 274.
- ↑ Suratul Ƙamar: aya ta 45-55.
- ↑ Ɗabari, Tafsiruɗ Ɗabari, juzu'i na 27, shafi na 131-132.
- ↑ Mugniyya, Tafsirul Kashif, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 202.
- ↑ Zamakshari, Al-Kashshaf, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 1577.
- ↑ Ɗabrisi, Jawami'ul Jami, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 461.
- ↑ Bahrani, Tafsirul Burhan, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 168.
Nassoshi
- Alusi, Mahmud Bin Abdullahi, Ruhul Ma'ani fi Tafsiril Qur'anil Azim was Sab'ul Masani, Beirut - Lebanon, Dar Ihya'il Turasil Arabi. bugu na farko, 1421H.
- Bahrani, Hashim Bin Sulaiman, Al-Burhan Fi Tafsiril Qur'an, Beirut - Lebanon, Dar Ihya'il Turasil Arabi, bugu na farko, 1429H.
- Fakhrur Razi, Muhammad Bin Umar, At-Tafsirul Kabir, Beirut - Lebanon, Darul Kutubil Ilmiyya, bugu na 4, 1434H.
- Khurramshahi, Baha'uddin, Mausu'atul Kur'an wad-Dirasatil Kur'aniyya, Iran - Tehran, Cibiyar Al-Asdiƙa. 1377Sh.
- Ma'arifat, Muhammad Hadi, At-Tamhid Fi Ulumil Qur'an, Qom - Iran, Zawil Qurba, bugu na farko, 1428H.
- Makarim Shirazi, Nasir, Al-Amsal Fi Tafsiri Kitabillahil Munzal, Beirut - Lebanon, Cibiyar Al-Amira, bugu na 2, 1430H.
- Mugniyya, Muhammad Jawad, Tafsirul Kashif, Beirut - Lebanon, Darul Anwar, bugu na 4, babu kwanan wata.
- Musawi, Abbas Bin Ali, Al-Wadihu Fit Tafsir, Beirut - Lebanon, Cibiyar Al-Gadir, bugu na farko, 1433H.
- Zamakhshari, Mahmud Bin Umar, Al-Kashshaf An Haƙa'iƙ Gawid Tanzil Wa Uyunul Aƙawil Fi Wujuhil Tawil, Beirut - Lubnan, Dar Sadir., bugu na farko, 1377Sh.
- Ɗabari, Muhammad Bin Jarir, Tafsiruɗ Ɗabari wanda aka fi sani da (Jami'ul Bayan An Ta'wilil Qur'an), Beirut - Lebanon, Dar Ihya'il Turasil Arabi, bugu na farko, babu kwanan wata.
- Ɗabaɗaba'i, Muhammad Husaini, Almizan fi Tafsiril Qur'an, Qom - Iran, Darul Al-Mujtaba, bugu na farko,1430H.
- Ɗabrisi, Fadl Bin Hassan, Majma'ul Bayan fi Tafsiril Qur'an, Tehran - Iran, Darul Uswa, bugu na farko, 1426H.
- Ɗabrisi, Fadl Bin Hassan, Tafsir Jawami'il Jami, Qom - Iran, Cibiyar Nashril Islami ƙarƙashin Jama'atul Mudarrisin, bugu na 2, 1430H.
- Ɗusi, Muhammad Bin Hassan, At-Tibyan fi Tafsiril Qur'an, Qom - Iran, Cibiyar Nashril Islami, bugu na farko,1431H.
- Qur'an Karim.