Jump to content

Daƙiƙa:Iradar Allah

Ƙara hanyoyin mahaɗar
Daga wikishia
Aƙidun Shi'a
‌Sanin Allah
TauhidiTabbatar Da Allah • Tauhidi Zati • Tauhidi Sifati • Tauhidi Af'ali • Tauhidi Ibadi • Siffofin Zati • Siffofin Fi'ili
RassaTawassuli • Ceto • Tabarruki • Istigasa
Adalcin Allah
Husnu Wa Ƙubhu • Bada'u • Amrun Bainal Amraini
Annabta
Ismar Annabawa • Khatamiyyat • Annabin Muslunci • Mu'ujiza• Asalantuwar Kur'ani
Imamanci
AƙiduIsmar Annabawa • Wilaya Takwiniyya • Ilmul Gaibi • Khalifatullahi • Gaibar Imam Mahadi • Mahadawiyya • Intizarul Faraj • Bayyana• Raja'a • Imamanci Na Nassi
ImamanImam Ali • Imam Hassan • Imam Husaini • Imam Sajjad • Imam Baƙir • Imam Sadiƙ • Imam Kazim • Imam Rida • Imam Jawad • Imam Hadi • Imam Askari • Imam Mahadi
Ma'ad
Barzahu • Ma'ad Jismani • Hashar • Siraɗi • Taɗayurul Kutub • Mizan
Fitattun Mas'aloli
Ahlil-Baiti • Ma'asumai Goma Sha Huɗu • Karama • Taƙiyya • Marja'iyya • Wilayatul Faƙihi • Imanin Mai Aikata Manyan Zunubai


Iradar Allah (Larabci: الإرادة الإلهية) ɗaya ce daga siffofin kamala da tabbata na Allah, kuma shi Allah murid ne ma'ana ana kiransa da mai irada da nufi. Malaman Musulmi sun yi saɓani game da mece ce haƙiƙanin iradar Allah. Shaik Mufid da Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i, daga shahararrun malaman Shi'a, sun fassara iradar Allah dangane da kansa da cewa shi ne waɗannan ayyuka na Allah, sannan kuma iradarsa bisa la'akari da alaƙarsa da wasu shi ne umarninsa, amma Mu'utazilawa da wasu malaman kalam na Shi'a suna ɗaukar iradar Allah a matsayin wani nau'i daga iliminsa.

Malamai sun kasa Irada kashi biyu irada takwiniyya da tashri'iyya. Cikin ayoyin Kur'ani an yi magana game da iradar takwiniyya da tashri'iyya.

Matsayi

Irada tana cikin siffofin Allah kuma kan wannan tushe, Allah ana kiransa da murid (Mai irada)[1] A cikin ayoyi masu yawa an jingina mashi'a da irada ga Allah,[2] Ciki har da "Yana azabtar da wanda ya so kuma yana rahama ga wanda ya so"[3] da "Lallai ubangijinka mai yawan aikata abin da ya so ne"[4]

Mece Ce Iradar Allah

Malaman kalam na Musulunci ra'ayinsu ya zo ɗaya game da asalin samuwar irada ga Allah, sai dai cewa sun yi saɓani game da cikakkun bayanai nata da siffofinta,[5] ciki har da wai mece ce ma ainahin ita iradar Allah, kasancewar zati ko aiki na Allah, haka nan, shin daɗaɗɗiya ce (Ƙadimi) ko kuma sabuwar halitta ce (Hadis).[6]

A ra'ayin Shaik Mufid (Rasuwa: 413H)[7] da Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i (Rasuwa: 1981M) sun tafi kan cewa iradar Allah dangane ga ayyukansa, ita ce dai wannan ayyuka nasa (Irada takwiniyya), amma iradarsa dangane ga ayyukan sauran halittu, shi ne umarninsa ga wannan ayyuka (Irada tashri'iyya).[8] Kan wannan tushe, "Allah ya yi irada da halittar mutum" da ma'anar cewa "Allah ya halicci mutum".[9] a ra'ayin malaman biyu, iradar Allah tana da ma'anar siffofin Allah na aiki.[10] Shaik Mufid ya yi la'akari da wannan mahanga matsayin mahanga da ta dace da abin da Imamai (A.S) suke a kai da kuma mafi yawan malaman Imamiyya.[11] An kuma yi amfani da riwayoyi kan wannan batu.[12] Ciki har da riwayar da aka naƙalto daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) da ya kira mashi'ar Allah da cewa halitta ce ba azali ba ce (Abin da bashi da farko),[13] da wata riwaya daga Imam Kazim (A.S) da ya bayyana iradar Allah matsayin aikin Allah dai da aka sani[14] da wata magana daga Imam Rida (A.S) wace ya kira mashi'a da iradar Allah a matsayin siffofin Allah na aiki.[15]

A cewar Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i, shahararrun malaman falsafa kamar Mulla Sadra, suna ɗaukar irada a matsayin siffofin zatin Allah.[16] Kan tushen wannan mahanga abin da ya shahara a wurin malaman falsafa na Musulmi, irada shi ne ilimin Allah da ayyuka da suke dace tare da Nizamul Ahsan (Tsari mafi kyawu)[17](Mafi kyawun duniyar da za ta yiwu).[18] A ra'ayin Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i, ba daidai ba ne a gabatar da irada a matsayin mafi kyawun tsari, kuma babu dalili kan ingancin wannan magana.[19] Mu'utazilawa da mafi yawan malaman kalam na Shi'a sun yi imani irada takwiniyya ta Allah (Irada ta halitta) shi ne iliminsa ga ayyuka da yake ƙunshe da maslahar mutum da sauran halittu.[20] Saboda haka waɗannan jama'a daga malamai suna lissafa iradar Allah cikin siffofin zatinsa.[21]

Ash'ariyya sun tafi kan cewa irada tana da bambanci da ilimi da ƙudura da sauran siffofi na zatin Allah,[22] suna ɗaukar ta matsayin siffa ta zati ko ƙari kan zati[23] amma kuma suna ganin matsayin daɗaɗɗiya (Ƙadim) kuma azali [24]

Bambancin Irada Da Mashi'a

Babban labari: Mashi'a

An ce, da yawa-yawan malaman harshen Larabaci da malaman kalam, suna fassara mashi'a da ma'anar irada[25] Suna masu imani irada da mashi'a siffa ce guda ɗaya babu bambanci, amma wasu jama'a tare da la'akari da cewa Kur'ani ya yi amfani da mashi'a cikin al'amura na halitta kaɗai, sun tafi kan cewa mashi'a da irada mabambantan siffofi ne guda biyu na Allah.[26] A cewar Ayartullahi Makarim Shirazi, nazari da bincike cikin ayoyin Kur'ani yana nuni da cewa kalmar irada tana ɗaukar ma'ana irada takwiniyya da tashri'iyya, kuma an yi amfani da duka biyun; amma mashi'a yawanci ana amfani da ita cikin halitta da al'amura na halitta, amfani da ita cikin al'amuran shari'a ya yi matuƙar ƙaranta.[27] A wasu riwayoyi[28] Tsakanin mashi'a da irada, ana lura da bambance-bambance daga gabata da jinkirta wanda haka yake nuni da cewa akwai bambanci tsakanin irada da mashi'a kuma ba abu guda ba ne.[29]

Irada Takwniyya Da Tashri'iyya

Babban labari: Irada Takwniyya Da Tashri'iyya

Malamai sun kasa irada Allah zuwa irada takwiniyya da tashri'iyya.[30] Irada takwiniyya, tana nufin samar da abin da ya ta'allaƙa da irada a waje ba tare da taimako data wata iradar ba daban, kamar iradar Allah cikin halittar duniya ko iradar mutum cikin ci da sha.[31] A cewar Ayatullahi Subhani, idan iradar Allah ta ɗamfaru da samar da wani abu, ana kiranta da suna irada takwiniyya.[32] Irada tashri'iyya, shi ne wani ya yi irada wani mutum daban ya sauke wani aiki da iradarsa da zaɓinsa, kamar irada tashri'iyya ta Allah cikin sauke wajibai da ibada da bayinsa suke yi ko kuma iradar wani mutum zuwa ga sauke wani aiki ta hannun ɗansa ko hadiminsa ba tare da tilastawa ba.[33] A wani bayanin daban, iradar mai doka ko mai sanya shari'a cikin sauke wani aiki ta hannun mukallafai (Waɗanda aka ɗoarawa nauyi) tare da zaɓinsu, shi ne abin da ake kira da irada ta shari'a.[34]

Cikin bambanci tsakanin irada takwiniyya da tashri'iyya an ce abin da yake ɗamfaruwa da irada, shi ne aiki mutumin da yake irada, amma abin da yake ɗamfaruwa da irada tashri'iyya shi ne aikin wani mutum daban ba wanda ya yi irada ba.[35] Cikin irada takwiniyya, duk abin da Allah ya yi irada, tabbas sai ya tabbata ya faru, amma a cikin irada tashri'iyya, ba lallai ya faru ba.[36] Irada tashri'iyya saɓanin takwiniyya kaɗai tana shafar ayyuka na zaɓi ne.[37]

Irada takwiniyya da tashri'iyya an yi amfani da su cikin ayoyin Kur'ani da yawan gaske.[38] Abin da ake nufi da irada cikin ayoyi misalin aya ta 82 suratul nisa'i,[39] ayar taɗhir[40] aya ta 41 suratul ma'ida,[41] aya ta 5 suratul Ƙasas[42] da aya ta 7 suratul anfal[43] shi ne irada takwiniyya, kuma abin nufi da irada cikin aya ta 185 suratul baƙara,[44] da ayar ta 1 da 6 suratul ma'ida[45] da aya ta 7 suratul anfal,[46] shi ne irada tashri'iyya.

Maƙaloli Masu Alaƙa

  • Ƙayyum

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Bani Gulpayigani, Aƙa'id-i Istitlali, 2013/2014, shafi. 131.
  2. ↑ Rabbani Gulpayigani, Aƙa'id-i Istitlali, 2013/2014, shafi. 131.
  3. ↑ Surat al-'Ankabut, ayah 21, tarjama Fulawand.
  4. ↑ Surat Hud, ayah 107, tarjama Fulawand.
  5. ↑ Sa'idi-Mihr, amuzish-i Kalam-i Islami, 2009/2010, juz'i na 2, shafi 247.
  6. ↑ Sa'idi-Mihr, amuzish-i Kalam-i Islami, 2009/2010, juz'i na 2, shafi 247.
  7. ↑ Sheikh Mufid, Awa'il al-Maqalat, 1992/1993, shafi 53.
  8. ↑ Rabbani Gulpayigani, Aƙa'id-i Istitlali, 2013/2014, shafi 132.
  9. ↑ Subhani, Aƙa'id-i Islami dar Partaw-i Qur'an, Hadis wa Aƙl, 2000/2001, shafi 217.
  10. ↑ Ṭabaṭaba'i, Nihayat al-Hikma, Daftar-i Intisharat-i Islami, shafi 362 da 364; Hasan-Baygi, "Irada-yi Ilahi", shafi 107.
  11. ↑ Sheikh Mufid, Awa'il al-Maqalat, 1992/1993, shafi 53.
  12. ↑ Rabbani Gulpayigani, Aƙa'id-i Istitlali, 2013/2014, shafi 135, 136.
  13. ↑ Sheikh Saduq, At-Tawhid, 1979/1980, shafi 147.
  14. ↑ Sheikh Saduq, At-Tawhid, 1979/1980, shafi 147.
  15. ↑ Sheikh Saduq, At-Tawhid, 1979/1980, shafi 338.
  16. ↑ Ṭabaṭaba'i, Nihayat al-Hikma, Daftar-i Intisharat-i Islami, shafi 371.
  17. ↑ Sa'idi-Mihr, amuzish-i Kalam-i Islami, 2009/2010, juz'i na 2, shafi 250.
  18. ↑ Ṭabaṭaba'i, Nihayat al-Hikma, Daftar-i Intisharat-i Islami, shafi 361 da 362; Rabbani Gulpayigani, Aƙa'id-i Istitlali, 2013/2014, shafi 132.
  19. ↑ Ṭabaṭaba'i, Nihayat al-Hikma, Daftar-i Intisharat-i Islami, shafi 362 da 363.
  20. ↑ Rabbani Gulpayigani, Aƙa'id-i Istitlali, 2013/2014, shafi 132.
  21. ↑ Hasan-Baygi, "Irada-yi Ilahi", shafi 107.
  22. ↑ Rabbani Gulpayigani, Aƙa'id-i Istitlali, 2013/2014, shafi 132.
  23. ↑ Sa'idi-Mihr, amuzish-i Kalam-i Islami, 2009/2010, juz'i na 2, shafi 251.
  24. ↑ Rabbani Gulpayigani, Aƙa'id-i Istitlali, 2013/2014, shafi 132.
  25. ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Payam-i Qur'an, 2007/2008, juz'i na 4, shafi 156.
  26. ↑ Rabbani Gulpayigani, Aƙa'id-i Istitlali, 2013/2014, shafi 131.
  27. ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Payam-i Qur'an, 2007/2008, juz'i na 4, shafi 164 da 169.
  28. ↑ Kulayni, Al-Kafi, 1983/1984, juz'i na 1, shafi 148.
  29. ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Payam-i Qur'an, 2007/2008, juz'i na 4, shafi 156.
  30. ↑ Subhani, Al-Ilahiyyat, 1991/1992, juz'i na 4, shafi 126.
  31. ↑ Mishkini, Iṣṭilahat al-Uṣul, 1992/1993, shafi 29.
  32. ↑ Subhani, Al-Ilahiyyat, 1991/1992, juz'i na 4, shafi 126.
  33. ↑ Mishkini, Iṣṭilahat al-Uṣul, 1992/1993, shafi 29; Musawi Bujnurdi, Muntaha al-Uṣul, 2001/2002, juz'i na 1, shafi 182.
  34. ↑ Markaz-i Iṭṭila'at wa Manabi'-i Islami, Farhang-nama-yi Uṣul-i Fiqh, 2010/2011, shafi 142.
  35. ↑ Musawi Bujnurdi, Muntaha al-Uṣul, 2001/2002, juz'i na 1, shafi 183.
  36. ↑ Mishkini, Iṣṭilahat al-Uṣul, 1992/1993, shafi 29; Musawi Bujnurdi, Muntaha al-Uṣul, 2001/2002, juz'i na 1, shafi 182 da 183.
  37. ↑ Musawi Bujnurdi, Muntaha al-Uṣul, 2001/2002, juz'i na 1, shafi 183.
  38. ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Payam-i Qur'an, 2007/2008, juz'i na 4, shafi 153 da 169.
  39. ↑ Makarim Shirazi, ayat-i Wilayat dar Qur'an, 2007/2008, shafi 157.
  40. ↑ Subhani, Al-Ilahiyyat, 1991/1992, juz'i na 4, shafi 126; Makarim Shirazi, Tafsir-i Nimuna, 1992/1993, juz'i na 17, shafi 292 da 303.
  41. ↑ Subhani, Al-Ilahiyyat, 1991/1992, juz'i na 4, shafi 128.
  42. ↑ Subhani, Al-Ilahiyyat, 1991/1992, juz'i na 4, shafi 128.
  43. ↑ Subhani, Al-Ilahiyyat, 1991/1992, juz'i na 4, shafi 128.
  44. ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Payam-i Qur'an, 2007/2008, juz'i na 4, shafi 161.
  45. ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Payam-i Qur'an, 2007/2008, juz'i na 4, shafi 161 da 162; Subhani, Al-Ilahiyyat, 1991/1992, juz'i na 4, shafi 126.
  46. ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Tafsir-i Nimuna, 1992/1993, juz'i na 7, shafi 101.

Nassoshi

  • Kulayni, Muhammad bin Ya'qub, Al-Kafi, Tehran, Intisharat-i Islamiyya, 1983/1984.
  • Makarim Shirazi, Nasir, Payam-i Qur'an, Tehran, Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyya, Bugu na tara, 2007/2008.
  • Muhammad Mahdi Fulawand.
  • Rabbani Gulpayigani, Ali, Aƙa'id-i Istitlali, Qum, Cibiyar Buga Hajar, Bugu na huɗu, 2013/2014.
  • Sa'idi-Mihr, Muhammad, amuzish-i Kalam-i Islami (Rahnama-shinasi - Ma'ad-shinasi), Qum, Littafin Ṭaha, Bugu na shida, 2009/2010.
  • Sheikh Mufid, Muhammad bin Muhammad bin Nu'man, Awa'il al-Maqalat fi al-Madhahib wa al-Mukhtarat, Qum, Taron Duniya na Sheikh Mufid, Bugu na farko, 1992/1993.
  • Sheikh Saduq, Muhammad bin Ali, At-Tawhid, mai bincike Hashim Husayni, Qum, Jami'ar Muddin, Bugu na farko, 1979/1980.
  • Subhani, Ja'far, Aƙa'id-i Islami dar Partaw-i Qur'an, Hadis da Aƙal, Qum, Cibiyar Bustan-i Kitab, Bugu na biyu, 2007/2008.
  • Hassan Bigi، علی، «Iradar Allah»، Kalam Islami، Lamba 50, 2004/2005..
  • Ṭabaṭaba'i, Sayyid Muhammad Husayn, Nihayat al-Hikma, mai gyara da sharhi 'Abbas Ali Zari'i Sabzawari, Qum, Ofishin Buga na Musulunci, babu kwanan wata.
Daga "https://ha.wikishia.net/w/index.php?title=Daƙiƙa:Iradar_Allah&oldid=22627"