Abubuwan Da Suke Karya Azumi

Daga wikishia
Wannan wata ƙasida ce ta siffatau game da wani ra'ai na fiƙihu da ba zai iya zama ma'aunin ayyukan addini ba, a koma zuw aga wasu madogaran daban domin ayyukan addini
Risala Amaliya

Abubuwan da suke karya azumi, (Larabci: مبطلات الصوم) wasu ayyukan ne da yinsu yake karya azumi, waɗannan ayyuka su ne misalin: ci da sha, jima'i, istimna'i, amai, nutsar bakiɗayan kai cikin ruwa, shigar da ƙura mai kauri cikin maƙogwaro, shigar da ruwa a jikin mutum, zaunawa cikin janaba, haila da nifasi har zuwa lokacin kiran sallar asubahi, jinginawa Allah ƙarya, Imamai da Annabi. Malaman fiƙihu na shi'a suna ganin haramun ne aikata ɗaya daga waɗannan ayyukan masu karya azumi da gangan kuma suna jawo bada kaffara.

Gabatarwa

Abubuwan da suke karya azumi, wasu ayyuka ne da yin ɗaya daga cikinsu yake karya azumi, cikin litattafan fiƙihu an ambace da sunan mufɗirat.[1] Malaman fiƙihu suna ganin aikata duk wani abu da zai karya azumi bisa ganganci ya haramta.[2] kuma yana haifar da wajabtuwa kaffara a wuyan wanda ya aikata,[3] amma idan bisa mantuwa ko tilashi ya aikata su to azuminsa bai karye ba.[4] Abubuwan da suke karya azumi sune kamar haka:

  • cin abinci ko shan wani abu mai ruwa.
  • jima'i.
  • Istimna'i.
  • Jingina ƙaya ga Allah, Annabi Akram da Imamai.
  • Shigar da ƙura mai ƙauri cikin maƙogwaro.
  • Irtimasi, ko nutsar da bakiɗayan kai cikin ruwa (Bisa fatawar mafi yawan malaman fiƙihu).[5]
  • Zaunawa tare da janaba.[6] ko haila da nifasi har zuwa lokacin kiran sallar asubahi. Mutumin da ya samu kansa cikin halin janaba ko nifasi da haila da aka tsarkaka daga gare su wajibi ne ya yi ko ta yi wanka kafin kiran sallar asubahi, idar bas u yi wanka ba har zuwa lokacin kiran sallar asubahi, azuminsu na wannan rana ya ɓaci.
  • Imala (shigar da ruwa ko abinci cikin jikin mutum).
  • .Amai.[7]
  • .Niyyar karya azumi ko aikata ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da suke karya azumi.[8]

Ya halasta yin tafiya a lokacin azumi,[9] amma idan ya zama cewa ba zai zauna a wurin da ya yi niyyar zuwa ba ko garinsu har tsawon kwana goma ba to ba zai yi azumi ba.[10]

Cin Abinci Da Shan Duk Wani Abu Mai ruwa-ruwa

Kan asasin fatawar malamann fiƙihu, ci da sha da gangan a lokacin azumi yana karya azumi, amma idan ya faru sakamakon mantuwa to azumi yana nan bai karye ba.[11] ba'arin maraji'an taƙlidi misalin Imam Khomaini, Makarim shirazi, Bahajat da Shubairi zanjani, bisa ihtiyaɗi wujubi suna ganin rashin halascin allurar ƙara ƙarfin jiki ko yin ƙarin ruwa maimakon abinci a halin azumi, amma sauran malaman fiƙihu misalin Sayyid Khuyi, Sistani, Tabrizi da Safi Gulfaigani suna cewa bbau matsala yin allurar ƙara kuzari koma wace ba ta ƙara kuzari ba, haka ƙarin ruwa duka babu matsala.[12]

ƙishi Mai Tsanani

Bisa fatawar mafi yawan malaman fiƙihu na shi'a, idan mai azumi ya tsinci kansa cikin matsananciyar ƙishirwa da ba zai iya daurewa ba, zai iya shan ruwa gwargwadon buƙata.[13] game da wace wazifa ce a kansa bayan shan wannan ruwa akwai Magana biyu: wasu ba'ari suna cewa duk da cewa ya halasta ya sha ruwa cikin wannan hali da ya tsinci kansa, sai dai kuma azuminsa yana karyewa tare da wajibi ya kame bakinsa daga cigaba da shan ruw ako cin abinci har zuwa kiran sallar magariba, kuma zai rama wannan azumi.[14] kishiyar wannan ra'ayi wasu jama'a daga malaman fiƙihu dukda ya sha ruwa suna ganin azuminsa yana lafiya ƙalau bai karye ba, kuma babu buƙatar sai ya rama.[15]

Mu'amaloli Na Jinsi

Jima'i ko alaƙoƙin jinsi da suke karya azumi su ne:

Jima'i Jima'i ko alaƙoƙin jinsi ko da kuwa bai kai ga zubar da maniyyi ba suna karya azumi. Saduwa daga farji ko dubura naimji ne ko mace babu bambanci, duk ɗaya ne a wannan hukunci duka suna karya azumi.[16]

Istimna'i

Malaman fiƙihu suna ganin aikata istimna'i (wasa da al'aura da gangan) shima yana karya azumi;[17] na'am bisa fatawarsu, idan mutum bashi da niyyar fitar da maniyyi sai dai cewa tare da ta kais hi ga fitar da maniyyi azuminsa yana nan lafiya.[18] Mula'aba da mata ko miji iudan ya kai ga fitar da maniyyi azuminsa ya kare.[19]

Mafarki

Mafarki (fitar da maniyyi cikin mafarki) baya karya azumi, amma idan mutum ya yi mafarki gabanin kiran sallah, wajibi ne ya tashi ya yi wanka kafin kiran sallar asubahi[20] yin mafarki cikin bakiɗayan yini baya cutar da azumi.[21]

ƙura Mai Kauri Da Hayaƙi

Bisa ra'ayin mafi yawan malaman fiƙihu, haƙiƙa shigar da ƙura mai kauri cikin maƙogwaro da hayaƙi suna karya azumi.[22] kan wannan asasi ne shan sigari da shisha suma aka lissafa su cikin abubuwan da suke karya azumi.[23] na'am wasu ba'arin malaman fiƙihu basu ambaci shigar da ƙura mai kauri ba cikin abubuwan da suke karya azumi.[24] tare da haka suna gani bisa ihtiyaɗi Istihbabi ƙura tana karya azumi, kuma baya halasta amfani da kayan hayaƙi a bainal jama'a cikin watan ramadan.[25]

Jingina ƙarya Ga Allah Da A'imma

Yin ƙarya da sauran zunubai misalin sauraren waƙa, kallo na haram, da hassada duk da cewa haramun amma aikata a Ramadan ya fi girmama a zunubi.[26] amma basa karya azumi.[27] bisa fawatar malaman fiƙihu kaɗain jingina ƙarya ga Allah da Annabi da Imaman shi'a ne yake karya azumi.[28] ba'arin malaman fiƙihu sun lissafa jingina ƙarya ga Sayyida Faɗima (S) da sauran Annabawa da halifofinsu cikin abubuwan da suke karya azumi.[29] ba'arin malaman fiƙihu misalin Muhammad Husaini Kashiful Giɗa yana ganin jingina ƙarya ga Allah da Annabi da Imaman shi'a baya janyo karyewar azumi, yana ganin cewa waɗannan ayyukan suna cikin jerin manyan zunubai kamar dai sauran zunubai da haramcinsu yafi tsanani a watan Ramadan.[30]

Nutsar Da Bakiɗayan Kai Cikin Ruwa

Ba'arin malaman fiƙihu, suna ganin Irtimasi, ma'ana nutsar da bakiɗayan kai cikin ruwa daga jerin abubuwan da suke karya azumi,[31] bisa wannan fatawa, baya inganta a yi wankan irtimasi a lokacin yinin watan Ramadan, kuma yinsa yana karya azumi.[32] bisa fatawar waɗannan jama'a daga malamai, idan ya zamana ba'arin kai ya kasance a waje bai nutse ba cikin ruwa , azumi yana nan lafiya.[33] Wasu jama'a daban daga malaman fiƙihu suna ganin haramcin irtimasi yayin azumi; sai dai cewa kuma baya karya azumi.[34]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Misali, dubi Hali, Al-Jamae Lal-Shari’i, 1405H, shafi 155; Kashif al-Ghata, Anwar al-Faqaheh, 1422 AH, shafi na 12.
  2. ↑ Sheikh Baha'i, Jame Abbasi, 1429H, shafi na 270.
  3. ↑ Najafi, Javaher al-Kalam, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 16, shafi na 226; Khoi, Mausua'tu Imam al-Khoei, 1418H, juzu'i na 21, shafi na 305.
  4. ↑ Yazdi, al-Arwa al-Wuthghati, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 576-541.
  5. ↑ Yazdi, Al-Urwa Al-Wuthqa, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 55, Sharhin Kashif Al-Ghita, Isfahani, Al-Yassin da Jawahiri; Niz Shabiri Zanjani, Risala Tawdhih al-Sama’il, shafi na 305, fitowa ta 1617.
  6. ↑ Yazdi, Al-Urwah Al-Wuthqa, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi 480.
  7. ↑ Yazdi, Al-Urwah Al-Wuthqi, 1419 Hijira, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 541-576.
  8. ↑ Yazdi, Al-Urwa Al-Wuthqa, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi 539.
  9. ↑ Yazdi, Al-Urwah Al-Wuthqa, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 624.
  10. ↑ Bani Hashemi Khomeini, Tauzihul Almasa'il, Sizdah Marajia', 1424 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 954, AD 1722 da 1723.
  11. ↑ Yazdi, Al-Urwah Al-Wuthqa, 1419 Hijira, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 541-543.
  12. ↑ Beni Hashemi Khomeini, Tauzihul Almasa'il, Sizdah Marajia', 1424 AH, shafi 892, 893.
  13. ↑ Hakim, Mustamsik al-Urwah al-Wuthqi, 1374 AH, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 324; Amali, Misbah al-Huda, 1380 AH, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 140, Khumaini,Istifta'at, Littafin Rubutu na Musulunci, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 321.
  14. ↑ Duba Amoli, Misbah Al-Hadi, 1380 AH, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 140; Hakim, Mustamsk al-Arwa al-Waghti, 1374, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 324; Sabzevari, Mahezab Al-Ahkam, 1413 AH, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 132.
  15. ↑ Duba shahidi na farko, al-Dros al-Sharia, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi 276; Hilli, Mantahi al-Matalib, 1412 AH, Juzu'i na 9, shafi na 139; Sheikh Baha'i, Al-Taliqah Ala Risala al-Sumiya, 1427 AH, shafi 49-50; Ardabili, Majmaal Faideh, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 325-326; Hakim, Misbah al-Minhaj, 1425 AH, shafi 161; Sobhani, Risala tauzihul Al-masa'il, Cibiyar Imam Sadik, mas’ala ta 1256.
  16. ↑ Yazdi, al-Arwa al-Waghti, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 543..
  17. ↑ Yazdi, al-Arwa al-Waghti, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 546
  18. ↑ Yazdi, al-Arwa al-Waghti, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 548
  19. ↑ Behjat, Esftataat, 1428 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi.350; Khomeini, Esftataat, 1422 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 307.
  20. ↑ Yazdi, al-Arwa al-Waghti, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 547
  21. ↑ Yazdi, al-Urwa al-Wuthghati, cibiyar fiqhu al-imama al-athar, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 23.
  22. ↑ Yazdi, al-Arwa al-Wuthghati, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 553-554; Bani Hashemi Khomeini, Tauzihul Almasa'il Sizda maraji'a, 1424H, Mujalladi na 1, Shafi na 902-903.
  23. ↑ Yazdi, al-urwa al-Wuthghati, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 554.
  24. ↑ Misali, duba: Shubairi, Risalah Tauzihul al-Masa'il, 1430 AH, shafi na 329, fitowa ta 1581.
  25. ↑ Duba: Shabiri, Risalah Tauzihul al-Masa'il, 1430 AH, shafi na 334, fitowa ta 1612 da ta 1614.
  26. ↑ Kashif al-Ghita, al-Arwa al-Wuthghati, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 549.
  27. ↑ Ibn Idris, Saraer, 1410, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 373-374.
  28. ↑ Yazdi, al-Arwa al-Wuthghati, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 549.
  29. ↑ Duba Yazdi, al-urwa al-Wuthghati, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 550.
  30. ↑ Kashif al-Ghita, al-urwa al-Wuthghati, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 549.
  31. ↑ Yazdi, Al-Urwah Al-Wuthqa, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 555; Beni Hashemi Khomeini, tauzihul Al-Masa'il, Sizdah Marja’, 1424 AH, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 904.
  32. ↑ Yazdi, Al-Urwah Al-Wuthqa, 1419 Hijira, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 559, shafi na 43.
  33. ↑ Yazdi, Al-Urwah Al-Wuthqa, 1419 Hijira, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 556, Mas'ala ta 33. ↑
  34. ↑ Yazdi, Al-Urwa Al-Wuthqa, 1419 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 55,Talikat Kashif Al-Ghita, Isfahani, Al-Yassin da Jawahiri; Shabiri Zanjani, Risalaat Tawdhih al-Samail, shafi na 305, fitowa ta 1617.

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