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Daƙiƙa:Tafsirin Kur'ani

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Tafsirin Kur'ani wani ilimi ne da tsarin fahimta da bayyana ma'anonin ayoyin Kur'ani, Tafsiril Kur'ani ya fara tun daga zamanin Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W), kuma ya sake bunƙasa tare da faɗaɗuwar ilimomin Musulunci cikin daurorin zamani da suka zo daga baya. Ana lissafa Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W), Imam Ali (A.S) da wasu adadin sahabbai matsayin sahun farko na malaman tasfiri, bayan su kuma sai tabi'ai.

A cikin daurorin da suka zo daga baya, hanyoyi da ra'ayoyi daban-daban sun bayyana cikin Tafsirin Kur'ani. Tafsirin Kur'ani Da Kur'ani, Tafsiri Na Ruwaya, Tafsiri Na Ijtihadi, sun kasance daga mafi muhimmancin hanyoyin tafsiri, haka kuma tafsirai na adabi, ilimi, falsafa, irfani, fiƙihu, tarihi da kalam suma ana la'akari da su daga mafi muhimmancin ra'ayoyin tafsiri. Tafsirul Ƙummi, At-Tibyan, Majma'ul Bayan, Tafsir As-safi da Almizan suna daga mafi shaharar litattafan tafsiri a wurin Shi'a.

Sanin Ma'ana

"Tafsir" a cikin isɗilahin malaman tafsiri, yana nufin kawar da ruɗani da kuma bayyana ma'anar ayoyin Kur'ani.[1] Sayyid Muhammad Husaini Ɗabaɗaba'i, a cikin Tafsir Almizan ya bayyana tafsiri da cewa shi ne bayyana ma'anonin ayoyin Kur'ani da fito da manufofi da maƙasudansu.[2] Tafsir a ilimin lugga ya samo asali ne daga "Fassara" yana nufin bayyana ma'ana da yaye lulluɓin abin da yake rufe ko kuma bayyanar wa da fito da ma'ana da take dacewa da hankali.[3]

Wanda yake bayyana ma'ana da manufofin ayoyin Kur'ani bisa ingantattun madogarai da hujjoji, ana kiransa malamin tafsiri mufassir.[4] a mahangar Shi'a, Annabi (S.A.W) da Imamai Ma'asumai (A.S) sune malaman tafsiri na gaskiya kuma suna matsayin misalai na gaskiya na Rasikhun Fil Ilmi (Masu zurfafawa cikin ilimi) kuma sune masana Muhkamat da Mutashabihat na Kur'ani.[5]

Bambancin Tafsiri Da Tawili

Bisa rahotan Muhammad Hadi Ma'arifat, ɗan Shi'a masanin ilimin Kur'ani, kalmomi biyu na Tafsir da Ta'awil, A daurorin zamanin farko, ana amfani da su a matsayin kalmomi masu ma'ana iri ɗaya, amma a zamanin da ya zo daga baya ne aka fara bambance tsakaninsu. Bisa wannan bambanci, Tafsir yana nufin kawar da ruɗani daga lafazi mai wahalar fahimta ko wanda bai bayyana ma'anarsa sosai ba. Shi kuwa Ta'awil, ban da kawar da ruɗani, yana kuma nufin kawar da shubuha daga zahirin lafuzza waɗanda za su iya hana fahimtar ma'anar da ake nufi da manufar mai magana.[6]

Buƙatuwa Zuwa Ga Tafsirin Kur'ani

Kur'ani a cikin ayoyi misalin aya ta 24 Suratu Muhammad da aya ta 17 Suratul Ƙamar, ya kira yi mutane da yin tunani mai zurfi cikin ayoyinsa.[7] amma tare da haka, ba dukkanin ma'anonin Kur'ani ne suke da matakin bayyana iri guda ba, wasu ayoyin musamman waɗanda suka shafi ma'anoni masu zurfafa, hukunce-hukunce da koyarwar da aka bayyana a taƙaice, suna buƙatar bayani da ƙarin fayyacewa, saboda haka, a lokacin Annabi (S.A.W), shi ne yake bayyana wa Musulmi wasu daga cikin ma'anonin da bayanan filla-filla na koyarwar Kur'ani, bayan wafatinsa kuma, sahabbai, sannan malamai na Musulmi suka ci gaba da yin tafsiri.[8]

Taƙaitaccen Tarihin Tafsirin Kur'ani

Wani shafi daga Tafsir Ibn Abbas- kwafin rubutun Ayasufiya

Tarihin Tafsirin Kur'ani a daurar farkon Musulunci galibi ana bincike kansa ne cikin daurori guda uku daga zamanin Annabi, zamanin sahabbai da zamanin tabi'ai, Murtada Muɗahhari, ya tafi kan cewa tafsiri ɗaya ne daga cikin ilomomin da suka bayyana kuma suka yaɗu a cikin al'ummar Musulmi bayan ilimin ƙira'a.[9]

Tafsirin Kur'ani A Zamanin Annabi

Malaman tafsiri suna la'akari da Annabi (S.A.W) a matsayin farko malamin tafsiri.[10] A cewar Ibn Khaldun, duk da cewa Kur'ani ya sauka ne da harshen Larabci kuma dukkanin bayanansa suna dacewa ne da tsarin wannan yare, kuma Larabarwa suna fahimtar wasu sashe daga ma'anoninsa, Annabi (S.A.W) ya kasance yana musu bayanin ayoyinsa masu wahalar fahimta, kuma yana musu bayanin hukunce-hukunce da ilimomin Kur'ani.[Akwai buƙatar kawo madogara]

Tafsirin Kur'ani A Zamanin Sahabbai

Bayan wafatin Manzon Allah (S.A.W), sahabbai tare da dogaro da abubuwan da suka koya daga wurinsa da kuma ilimin harshen Larabci da kuma sanin fagagen da ayoyi suka sauka, sun tsunduma fagen tafsiri.[11] Ali Bin Abi Ɗalib (A.S), Abdullahi Bin Mas'ud, Ubayyu Bin Ka'ab da Abdullahi Bin Abbas suna daga cikin mafi shahara malaman tafsiri daga sahabbai.[12] Zarkashi, ya tafi kan cewa Ali Bin Abi Ɗalib (A.S), sannan bayansa Ibn Abbas, sune mafi shahara cikin sahabbai a fagen tafsiri.[13] Sayyid Muhammad Husaini Ɗabaɗaba'i, a cikin Tafsir Almizan, waɗannan sahabbai a wasu lokuta suna ruwaya da bayanan da suka ji daga Annabi (S.A.W) game da ma'anonin ayoyi ta hanyar ruwaya.[14]

Tafsirin Kur'ani

Tabi'ai waɗanda suka koyi Tafsirin Kur'ani daga sahabbai, sun ci gaba da Tafsirin Kur'ani.[15] Mujahid Bin Jabr, Aɗa'u Bin Abi Rabah, Ikrimatu da Sa'id Bin Jubair suna daga mashahuran malaman tafsiri na wannan daurar lokaci.[16] sun kasance daga almajiran makarantar tafsiri ta Ibn Abbas a Makka.[17]

Hanyoyin Tafsirin Kur'ani

Malaman Tafsirin Kur'ani sun yi amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban domin fahimta da bayani, daga jumlar wannan hanyoyi akwai misalin:

Tafsirin Kur'ani Da Kur'ani

Babban labari: Tafsirin Kur'ani Da Kur'ani

Tafsirin Kur'ani Da Kur'ani, wata hanya ce da ake amfani da ita da wasu ayoyi masu alaƙa da ma'ana da wata aya domin fahimtar wannan ayar.[18] An ce tun zamanin Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) aka fara amfani da wannan hanya, domin tafsirin wasu ayoyi shi da kansa ya kasance yana amfani da wasu ayoyi domin fassara wasu ayoyin daban.[19] Wasu malaman tafsiri suma tare da jingina da ruwayoyi,[20] sun tafi kan cewa wannan hanya ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin Imaman Shi'a cikin tasfiri.[21]

Ala'ur Rahman Fi Tafsiril Kur'an, na Mahmud Jawad Balagi, Almizan, na Sayyid Muhammad Husaini Ɗabaɗaba'i, Al-Furƙan Fi Tafsril Kur'an Bil Kur'an Was Sunna, na Muhammad Sadiƙi Tehrani, da Tafsir Tasnim na Abdullahi Jawadi Amoli suna daga cikin tafsirai da aka rubuta su kan wannan tsari da hanya.[22]

Tafsiri Na Ruwaya

Babban labari: Tafsiri Na Ruwaya

Tafsiri Na Ruwaya wata hanya ce wace ake amfani da ita domin fahimta da bayanin ayoyi ta hanyar dogara da ruwayoyi. A cikin tafsirai na ruwaya na Shi'a, ana amfani da hadisan Annabin Musulunci (S.A.W) da Imaman Shi'a (A.S).[23] Wasu malaman tafsiri na Shi'a sun tafi kan cewa waɗannan ruwayoyi suna daga mafi muhimmancin madogarai wajen fahimtar Kur'ani;[24] Amma tare da haka, an bayar da rahotan cewa ƙirƙirarrun ruwayoyi sun shiga cikin ruwayoyin tafsiri.[25]

Tafsir Ayyashi,[26] Tafsirul Ƙummi,[27] Tafsir Nuris Saƙlain, [28] da Tafsir Al-Burhan,[29] suna daga cikin tafsirai na ruwaya na Shi'a, haka kuma, Tafsir Ad-Durrul Mansur, na Jalalud-Din Suyuɗi[30] yana daga cikin tafsirai na ruwaya na Ahlus-Sunna. a cewar Muhammad Hadi Ma'arifat, mafi muhimmancin litattafan tafsiri a duniyar Musulunci, da farko-farko sun fara ne da dogara da ruwayoyi.[31]

Tafsiri Na Ijtihadi

Babban labari: Tafsiri Na Ijtihadi

Tafsiri Na Ijtihadi, wata hanya ce wacce cikinta ake amfani da kafa hujjoji wajen fahimta da bayanin ayoyi, ba a wadatuwa da naƙalto ruwayoyi kaɗai.[32] A cewar Muhammad Hadi Ma'arifat wannan hanya ta fara ne daga zamanin tabi'ai, bayan shuɗewar zamani sannu-sannu ta samu faɗaɗuwa tare da faɗaɗuwa da bunƙasa da nau'antakar ilimomi da ma'arifa a cikin al'ummomin Musulmi.[33] Wasu malamai sun nuna adawarsu da wannan hanya, kuma suna ɗaukar ta daidai take da Tafsiri Da Ra'ayi,[34] Saɓanin wannan magana, wasu sun tafi kan cewa wannan hanya ce mai inganci wajen fahimtar ma'ana mai zurfi ta Kur'ani.

Ra'ayoyin Tafsiri

Tafsiri Na Adabi

Babban labari: Tafsiri Na Adabi

Wata hanya ce ta tafsiri da ake amfani da ilomomin nahawu na harshen Larabci domin fahimtar ayoyi, kamar ilimin Sarfu, nahawu, balaga da nazarin kalmomi.[35] Tafsir Majma'ul Bayan, na Ɗabrisi, babban malamin tafsiri a wurin Shi'a da Al-Kashshaf na Zamakhshari, malamin tafsiri a wurin Ahlus-Sunna, kuma dukkanin litattafan guda biyu an rubuta su ne a ƙarni na shida Hijira, ana la'akari da su daga tafsirai na adabi.[36]

Tafsiri Na Ilimi

Babban labari: Tafsiri Na Ilimi

Wata hanya ce ta tafsiri da ake amfani da ita da bincike-binciken da ra'ayoyin kimiyya cikin bayyana wasu ayoyi, kuma wasu lokuta ana danganta ma'anonin Kur'ani da binciken kimiyyar gwaji.[37] Nuna dacewar Ilimin Kimiyya da addini shima yana daga manufofin wasu malaman tafsiri da suke bin wannan hanya.[38] Wannan hanya ta samu ne sakamakon tasirin sabbin abubuwa da aka gano a fannin kimiyya.[39] Littafin Al-Jawahir Fit Tafsir, na Ɗanɗawi Jauhari (ya rasu: 1940M) malamin tafsiri daga Ahlus-Sunna, yana daga cikin mafi shaharar litattafan tafsirin Kur'ani a fannin ilimin kimiyya.[40]

Tafsiri Na Falsafa

Babban labari: Tafsiri Na Falsafa

Wata hanya ce ta tafsiri da ake amfani mabani da tushe, koyarwa da hujjojin falsafa domin fahimta da bayyanar wa da kuma bayanin ayoyin Kur'ani.[41]

Tafsiri Na Irfani

Babban labari: Tafsiri Na Irfani

Wata hanya ce ta tafsiri wace baya ga ma'anoni na zahiri da suke bayyane, ana ishara da nuni zuwa ga ɓoyayyin ma'anoni na baɗini[42] Yana jaddada ne bisa dogaro da ginshiƙan irfani[43] kuma ana ganin tsarkake rai da gani ta hanyar irfani da sufanci suna matuƙar tasiri cikin fahimtar waɗannan ma'anoni.[44] Bisa wannan mahanga, samun ma'anoni na baɗinin ayoyi yana yiwuwa ne ta hanyar kawar da shinge da hijabai.[45] Kashful Asrar Maibudi,[46] da Laɗa'iful Isharat Ƙushairi[47] suna daga cikin mafi shaharar tafsirai na irfani.

Cikin wasu tafsirai na irfani, ana tafsirin ayoyi da lafuzzan Kur'ani ta hanyar ishara, inda ake ɗora musu ma'anoni da suka wuce ma'anarsu ta zahiri, ana kiransa da tafsirin ishara.[48]

Tafsiri Na Fiƙihu

Babban labari: Tafsiri Na Fiƙihu

Wani nau'in tafsiri ne wanda kaɗai yana karkata ne ga iya ayoyin hukunce-hukuncen shari'a.[49] Fiƙihul Kur'an na Ƙuɗubud-Din Rawandi[50] da Kanzul Irfan Fi Fiƙhil Kur'an na Fadilul Miƙdad[51] ana lissafa su cikin litattafan Tafsiri Na Fiƙihu.

Tafsiri Na Tarihi

Babban labari: Tafsiri Na Tarihi

Wata hanya ce ta tafsiri wace cikinta ake la'akari da irin rawar da tarihi yake takawa wajen fahimtar ma'anoni da manufofin ayoyin Kur'ani.[52] Littafin As-Sunanut Tarikhiyya Fil Kur'an, na Sayyid Muhammad Baƙir Sadar ɗaya ne daga cikin litatttafai na Tafsiri Na Tarihi.[53]

Tafsiri Na Kalam (Na Aƙida)

Babban labari: Tafsiri Na Kalam

Wata hanya ce daga cikin hanyoyin tafsiri na ijtihadi da hankali, inda malamin tafsiri yake dogaro da hujjojin hankali da batutuwan ilimin kalam (Aƙida) wajen bayyana da kare aƙidun addini. Haka kuma, yana ƙoƙarin fitar da koyarwar ilimin kalam daga ayoyin Kur'ani ko tabbatar da ita ta hanyar ayoyin Kur'ani.[54]

Tafsiri Da Ra'ayi

Babban labari: Tafsiri Da Ra'ayi

An bayyana tafsiri da ra'ayi da cewa shi ne ɗora aƙidun mutum ko na wata ƙungiya a kan Kur'ani,[55] Wasu sun raba tafsiri da ra'ayi zuwa gida biyu: tafsiri da ra'ayi karɓaɓɓe kuma abin yabawa, da tafsiri da ra'ayi da aka hana. Suna ganin cewa ruwayoyin da suka zo suna sukar tafsiri da ra'ayi, suna magana ne a kan nau'in da aka hana.[56] Abin da ake nufi da tafsiri da ra'ayi abin yabawa kuma karɓaɓɓe shi ne, malamin tafsiri ya kasance masani ne kan harshen Larabci da nau'o'in ma'anonin da yake iya isarwa. Haka kuma, yayin yin tafsiri, ya kasance yana da cikakken sani game da dalilan saukar ayoyi, Nasikh da Mansukh, da sauran kayan aiki da ilimomin da ake buƙata wajen tafsiri. Bayan haka ne zai shiga yin tafsirin ayoyin Kur'ani.[57]

Hanyoyin Tsara Tafsiri

Ana rarraba tafsirin Kur'ani zuwa nau'o'i daban-daban bisa yadda aka tsara bayanansa:

  • Tafsir Tartibi: Ana bincike da nazarin ayoyin Kur'ani bisa tsarin jerantuwar surori da ayoyi.
  • Tafsir Maudu'i: Ana tattaro ayoyi da suke da alaƙa da wani ayyanannen batu sai ayi nazarinsu a tare da juna.
  • Tafsir Muƙaran ko Taɗbiƙi: Ana kwatanta mahanga da ra'ayoyi daban-daban game da ayoyi ko batutuwa na tafsiri da juna.

Ilimomin Da Malamin Tafsiri Yake Buƙata

A cikin madogaran ilimin Kur'ani da tafsiri, ilimomi misalin lugga, Sarfu, Nahawu da balaga suna cikin mafi muhimmancin abubuwan da malamin tafsiri yake buƙata.[58] Haka kuma sanin ilimomi misalin ilimin hadisi, ilimin ƙira'a, ilimin kalam, fiƙihu da usulul fiƙhi suna daga cikin sauran ilimomi da malamin tafsiri yake da buƙatarsu.[59] Baya ga haka, wajibi ne malamin tafsiri ya san ilimomin Kur'ani da wasu batutuwa kamar Asbabun Nuzul, Nasikh da Mansukh, Muhkam da Mutashabihu da Makkiyya da Madaniyya.[60]

Wasu Daga Shahararrun Tafsirai Na Shi'a

Ga wasu daga shahararrun tafsiran Shi'a kamar yadda za su cikin jadawali na ƙasa:

Tafsiri Sunan Mai Tafsiri Kur'ani Hanyar Tafsiri
Tafsirul Ƙummi Ali Bin Ibrahim Ƙummi Shekara Ta Uku Hijira Na Riwaya da Ma'asur
At-Tibyan Fi Tafsiril Kur'an Shaik Ɗusi Shekara Ta Biyar Hijira Na Adabi da Ijtihadi
Fiƙihul Kur'an Ƙuɗubud-Din Rawandi Shekara Ta Shida Na Fiƙihu
Majma'ul Bayan Fadlu Bin Hassan Ɗabrisi Shekara Ta Shida Hiira Na Adabi
Kanzul Irfan Fi Fiƙhil Kur'an Fadilul Miƙdad Shekara Ta Tara Hijira Na Fiƙihu
Tafsir As-Safi Faizul Kashani Shekara Ta Sha Ɗaya Hijira Na Riwaya da Ma'asur
Tafsirul Kur'anil Karim Mulla Sadra Shekara Ta Sha Ɗaya Hijira Na Falsafa
Al-Burhan Fi Tafsiril Kur'an Sayyid Hashim Bahrani Shekara Ta Sha Ɗaya Hijira Na Riwaya da Ma'asur
Bayanus Sa'ada Fi Maƙamatil Ibada Sulɗan Muhammad Ganabadi Shekara Ta Sha Uku da Sha Huɗu Hijira Na Irfani
Ala'ur Rahman Muhammad Jawad Balagi Shekara Ta Sha Huɗu Hijira Na Kalam da Ijtihadi
Almizan Fi Tafsiril Kur'an Sayyid Muhammad Husaini Ɗabaɗaba'i Shekara Ta Sha Huɗu Hijira Kur'ani da Kur'ani
Tafsir Namuna Nasir Makarim Shirazi Shekara Ta Goma Sha Biyar Hijira Ijtima'i da Ijtihadi
Tafsir Tasnim Abdullahi Jawadi Amoli Shekara Ta Goma Sha Biyar Hijira Kur'ani da Kur'ani

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Ma'arifat, At-Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 17; Kafiji, At-Taisir, shafi na 21.
  2. ↑ Ɗabaɗaba'i, Almizan, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 4.
  3. ↑ Ibn Manzur, Lisanul Arab, ƙarƙashin kalmar "Fassara".
  4. ↑ Rezayi, Isfahani, Manɗik Tafsire Qur'an (1), shafi na 112.
  5. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 213.
  6. ↑ Ma'arifat, At-Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 21-22.
  7. ↑ Jawadi Amoli, Tafsir Tasnim, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 36.
  8. ↑ Ma'arifat, At-Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 18.
  9. ↑ Murtada Muɗahhari, Majmu'e Asar, juzu'i na 14, shafi na 397.
  10. ↑ Amoli, Al-Muhiɗul A'azam, juzu'i 1, shafi na 131.
  11. ↑ Jalaliyan, Tarikhe Tafsire Qur'an Karim, shafi na 46.
  12. ↑ Ma'arifat, Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 111.
  13. ↑ Zarkashi, Al-Burhan, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 157.
  14. ↑ Ɗabaɗaba'i, Qur'an Dar Islam, shafi na 70.
  15. ↑ Ɗabaɗaba'i, Qur'an Dar Islam, shafi na 71.
  16. ↑ Zarkashi, Al-Burhan, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 158.
  17. ↑ Ma'arifat, At-Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 146-165; Jalaliyan, Tarikhe Tafsire Qur'an Karim, shafi na 70.
  18. ↑ Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i, Almizan, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 11; Amid Zanjani, Mabani Rawesh-haye Tafsire Qur'an, shafi na 361.
  19. ↑ Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i, Almizan, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 12-14.
  20. ↑ Misali ku duba: Kulaini, Al-Kafi, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 599.
  21. ↑ Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i, Almizan, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 12; Jawadi Amoli, Tafsir Tasnim, juzu'i na 1, shafi 69-71.
  22. ↑ As'adi, Tafsir Shinasi, shafi na 313-319.
  23. ↑ Ayazi, Al-Mufassirun: Hayatuhum Wa Manhajuhum, shafi na 36.
  24. ↑ Ibn Ashur, Tafsir At-Tahrir Wat Tanwir, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 47, juzu'i na 14, shafi na 163-164; Ayazi, Al-Mufassirun: Hayatuhum Wa Manhajuhum, shafi na 36-37.
  25. ↑ Ma'arifat, At-Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i 2, shafi na 24-25; Zahabi, At-Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 159-165.
  26. ↑ Ma'arifat, At-Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 167-168.
  27. ↑ Ma'arifat, At-Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 167-168.
  28. ↑ Ma'arifat, At-Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 168-169.
  29. ↑ Ma'arifat, At-Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 2, shafi 170-171.
  30. ↑ Ma'arifat, At-Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 171.
  31. ↑ Ma'arifat, At-Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 161.
  32. ↑ Ma'arifat, At-Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 178.
  33. ↑ Ma'arifat, At-Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 178.
  34. ↑ Suyuɗi, Al-Itƙan, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 445-446.
  35. ↑ Ɗayyib Husaini, «Rawesh Tafsire Adabi,» shafi na 806; Ahmad Nasih «Tafsir Lugawi Wa Adabi Qur'an az Manzare Riwayate Ma'suman (AS),» shafi na 179.
  36. ↑ Hadidi, Tafasir Kur'an Karim, shafi na 1-2 da na 29.
  37. ↑ Zahabi, Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 474.
  38. ↑ Ma'arifat, Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 222.
  39. ↑ Ma'arifat, Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 222.
  40. ↑ Ma'arifat, Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 224.
  41. ↑ As'adi, «‌Barrasi Wa Tahlile Cisti, Imkan, Sharayiɗ Wa Zarurate Fahme Falsafi Qur'an,» shafi na 141; Babayi, «Pajuheshi Dar Ruwayi Ya Naruwayi Tafsir Falsafi,» shafi na 6.
  42. ↑ Ma'arifat, Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 261.
  43. ↑ Asadi, «Mashru'iyyat Wa Zarurate Tafsire Irfani,» shafi na 79.
  44. ↑ Alawi, «Juryan Shinasi Tafsire Irfani Dar Andulus,» shafi na 253.
  45. ↑ Alawi, «Juryan Shinasi Tafsire Irfani Dar Andulus,» shafi na 253.
  46. ↑ Ma'arifat, Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 273.
  47. ↑ Ma'arifat, Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 271.
  48. ↑ Daftare Tabligate Islami, Farhange Name Ulume Qur'an, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 1790.
  49. ↑ Ma'arifat, Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 180.
  50. ↑ Ma'arifat, Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 188.
  51. ↑ Ma'arifat, Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 188.
  52. ↑ Nekunam, «Tafsire Tarikhi Qur'an Karim,» Shafi na 45.
  53. ↑ Sadar, As-Sunanut Tarikhiyya Fil Kur'an, shafi na 54.
  54. ↑ Mu'addib, Rawesh-haye Tafsire Qur'an, shafi 245; Wasu mawallafa, Tafsire Qur'an ( Tarikhce, Usul, Rawesh-ha), shafi na 69; Karimi-Niya «Rawesh Shinasi Tafsire Fiƙhi,» shafi na 90.
  55. ↑ Wasu Marubuta, Farhange Name Ulume Qur'an, shafi na 365.
  56. ↑ Zahabi, Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 265 da 284 da 363.
  57. ↑ Ma'arifat, Tafsir Wal Mufassirun, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 83.
  58. ↑ Garawi Na'ini, Imandar «Pishniyazhaye Ilme Tafsir Bar Paye Muƙaddimat Tafasir Qur'an,» shafi na 78-80.
  59. ↑ Aƙiƙi Bakhshayeshi, Ɗabƙate Mufassirane Shieh, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 127.
  60. ↑ Garawi Na'ini, Imandar «Pishniyazhaye Ilme Tafsir Bar Paye Muƙaddimat Tafasir Qur'an,» shafi na 83.

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