Daƙiƙa:Suratuɗ Ɗur
 Zariyat Suratuɗ Ɗur Najmi  | |
 | |
| Lambar Sura | 52 |
|---|---|
| Juzu'i | 27 |
| Jerantuwa Ta Sauka | 76 |
| Adadin Ayoyi | 49 |
| Adadin Kalmomi | 313 |
| Adadin Haruffa | 1324 |
| Makkiya/Madaniyya | Makkiyya |
Suratuɗ Ɗur, sura ce ta hamsin da biyu a cikin juzu'i na ashirin da bakwai cikin alƙur'ani mai girma, wannan sura ce wacca ta sauka a Makka, sunan wannan sura an samoshi daga aya ta farko cikin wannan sura, inda Allah yake rantsuwa da dutsan ɗur, ɗur dutse ne mai albarka wanda Allah ya yi Magana da Annabi Musa (A.S). Wannan sura tana Magan dalilin tashin alƙiyama da kuma alamominta, da ni'imar Allah a cikin Aljanna, kuma tana Magana kan annabtar annabncin Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kuma wannan sura tana Magana kan tuhumomi da maƙiya suka yiwa Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W). akwai ruwayoyi da yawa kan falalar karanta wannan sura, daga cikin akwai ruwayar da aka rawaito daga Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) cewa duk wanda ya karanta wannan sura yana da haƙƙi kan Allah kada ya azabtar da shi da kuma haƙƙi ni'imta shi a cikin aljanna.
Suna Da Ayoyinta
Ana kiran wannan sura da ɗur saboda ta fara da rantsuwa a ayar farko da faɗar Allah cewa (Waɗɗur) shi wani dutse ne mai albarka[1] shi ne ɗur Sinin wanda Allah ya yi magana da annabinsh Musa (A.S) a kan shi, kuma ana kiran shi da ɗur Sina' wanda a yau ya fi shahara da hakan.[2] Yawan ayoyinta 49 waɗanda suka ƙunshi kalmomi 313 da haruffa 1324, Kuma wannan sura ana ɗaukarta a cikin surori mufassalat, ma'ana surori masu gajerun ayoyi .[3]
Tsarin Yadda Ta Sauka
Wannan sura ta sauka a Makka[4] a jerin surori ita ce 76 da aka saukar wa Annabi (S.A.W), amma a cikin Alƙur'ani da yake hannumu a yanzu ita ce sura ta 52.[5]
Ma'anar Kalmominta
Mafi muhimmancin ma'anonin wasu daga cikin kalmominta; (Aɗɗur): suna ne na duk wani dutse, amma anan ana nufin ɗur Sina' dutsan da Allah ya yi magana da Musa (A.S) (Raƙƙu): Fata ce siririya wacce ake rubutu a cikinta, asalin kalmar daga Arriƙƙu wacce take nufin tsanani wajen fahimta, da sauƙin hali ko kuma daga Taraƙƙaƙa Shai'u ai yana walƙiya da sheƙi. (Almasajur): Yana nufin gurin da aka kunna wuta kamar Murhu, idan akace Sajarta Nara, wannan jumla tana nufin kakunna wuta. (Tamur yana nufin tana mutsawa ba nutsuwa. (Ma alatnahum) Wannan kalma tana nufin bamu rage su da komai ba[6]
Abun Ciki
Abin da wannan sura ta ƙunsa a taƙaice: Na farko daga aya 1-16 suna farawa da rantsuwa bayan rantsuwa, kuma suna magana ne kan Azabar Allah da dalilin tsayuwar ranar alƙiyama da kuma alamominta. Na biyu aya 2-17 suna bayani dalla-dallah kan ni'ima a aljanna kyautar Allah a ranar Alƙiyama da abin da Allah ya tanadar wa muminai. Na uku aya ta 29-34 suna magana kan annabtar Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) da zarge-zargen da kafurai suka yi a kanSa. Na huɗu aya ta 34-43 suna bayyanin tauhidi (Imani da Allah) ta hanya mai sauƙi . Na biyar aya ta 44-47 suna bayani kan ranar Alƙiyama da wasu daga cikin suffofinta. Na shida aya ta 48-49 suna rufe bayanin abubuwan da suka gabata da umarni daga annabin Musulunci kan yin haƙuri da dakewa da tsarkake Allah da godiya gareshi.[7]
Wurin Da Dutsan Yake
Ya zo a cikin litattafan tafsiri, cewa Aɗɗur shi ne dutsan Sina'[9] a ƙasa mai tsarki inda Allah ya rantse da dutsen da ya yi magana da annabi Musa[10] kuma aka ce Allah ya yi rantsuwa da abin da wannan dutse ya ƙunsa na ni'imomi[11] kuma ance dutsen da Allah ya yi magana da Musa yana Madyana[12] ne kuma tsakanin Masar da Aƙaba kuma ance wannan dutsen yana Sham ne.[13]
Falaloli Da Fa'idoji
Akwai ruwayoyi da yawa kan falalar karanta wannan sura, daga cikinsu:
- An rawaito daga annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) cewa duk wanda ya karanta Suratuɗ Ɗur yana da haƙƙi kan Allah na kada ya azabtar da shi kuma zai mishi ni'ima a aljanna[14]
- An rawaito daga Imam Baƙir (A.S) duk wanda ya karanta Suratuɗ Ɗur Allah ya haɗa mishi alherin duniya da lahira[15]
- Amma abin da wannan sura ta keɓanta da shi a wasu ruwayoyi daga cikinsu;
- Akwai ruwaya daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) duk wanda ya dawwama karata wannan sura, idan yana tsare, to Allah zai sauƙaƙa fitar shi, koda akwai wani haddi na wajibi da ya hau kan shi, amma idan mutum ya dawwama karantata a halin tafiya, to Allah zai kare shi daga abin da baya so ya faru da shi, idan aka rubuta ta akwa wanke aka yayyafa ruwan rubutun a inda Kunama ta ciji mutum, to za'a warke da izinin Allah.[16]
Bayanin kula
- ↑ Musawi, Al-Wadih Fi at-Tafsir, juzu'i na 15, shafi na 186.
- ↑ Alusi, Ruh al-Ma'ani, juzu'i na 27, shafi na 93.
- ↑ Khurramshahi, Mausu‘at al-Qur'an wa al-Buhuth, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 1252.
- ↑ At-Tusi, Tafsirut Tibyan, juzu'i na 11, shafi na 3; Ar-Razi, Tafsirul Kabir, juzu'i na 28, shafi na 205.
- ↑ Ma'arifa, Ulumul Kur'ani, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 166.
- ↑ Musawi, Alwadhihu fit Tafsir, juzu'i na 15, shafi na 187–202.
- ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Tafsirul Amsal, juzu'i na 17, shafi na 97.
- ↑ Khamagar, Muhammad, Sakhtar Surahaye Quran Karim, Cibiyar Al’adu ta Alƙur’ani da Itratu Nur al-Thaqalayn, Qum, Nashr Nashra, bugu na 1.
- ↑ Arusi, Nurus Saƙalain, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 151.
- ↑ Ɗabrisi, Majma'ul Bayan, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 402.
- ↑ Ɗabaɗaba'i, Tafsirul Mizan, juzu'i na 19, shafi na 6.
- ↑ Zamakhshari, Tafsirul Kashshaf, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 1556.
- ↑ Alusi, Ruhul Ma'ani, juzu'i na 27, shafi na 39.
- ↑ Zamakhshari, Tafsirul Kashshaf, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 1560.
- ↑ Ɗabrisi, Jawami'ul Jami'i, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 437.
- ↑ Bahrani, Tafsirul Burhan, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 138.
Nassoshi
- Alusi, Mahmud Bin Abdullahi, Ruhul Ma'ani Fi Tafsiril Kur'anil Azim Was Sab'il Masani, Beirut - Lebanon, Daru Ihya'it Turasil Arabi, bugu na 1, 1421H.
- Bahrani, Hashim Bin Sulaiman, Al-Burhan Fi Tafsiril Kur'ani, Beirut - Lebanon, Daru Ihya'it Turasil Arabi, bugu na 1, 1429H.
- Huwaizi, Abdul Ali Bin Juma'a, Tafsiru Nurus Saƙalain, Beirut - Lebanon, Cibiyar Tarihil Arabi, bugu na 1, babu shekara.
- Khuramshehi, Bahauddin, Mausu'atul Kur'ani Wad-Dirasatil Kur'aniyya, Iran - Tehran, Cibiyar Asdiƙa', 1377Sh.
- Razi, Muhammad ɗan Umar, At-Tafsiril Kabir, Beirut - Lebanon, Darul Kutubil Ilmiyya, bugu na 4, 1434H.
- Zamakhshari, Mahmud ɗan Umar, Al-Kashshaf, Beirut - Lebanon, Daru Sadir, bugu na 1, 1431H.
- Ɗabaɗaba'i, Muhammad Husaini, Almizan Fi Tafsiril Kur'ani, Qum - Iran, Darul Mujtaba, bugu na 1, 1430H.
- Ɗabrisi, Fadl ɗan Hasan, Tafsiru Jawami'il Jami'i, Qum - Iran, Cibiyar Nashril Islami ta Jama'ar Malamai, bugu na 2, 1430H.
- Ɗabrisi, Fadl Bin Hassan, Majma'ul Bayan, Tehran - Iran, Darul Uswa, bugu na 1, 1426H.
- Ɗusi, Muhammad ɗan Hasan, At-Tibyan Fi Tafsiril Kur'ani, Qum - Iran, Cibiyar Nashril Islami, bugu na 1, 1431H.
- Musawi, Abbas Bin Ali, Al-Wadihu Fit Tafsir, Beirut - Lebanon, Markazul Gadir, bugu na 1, 1433H.
- Ma'arifat, Muhammad Hadi, Tadrisu Ulumil Kur'ani, fassarar: Abu Muhammad Faƙili, Daru Nashrid Da'awatil Islamiyya, 1371Sh.
- Makarim Shirazi, Nasir, Al-Amsal Fi Tafsiri Kitabillahil Munazzal, Beirut - Lebanon, Mu'assasatul Amira, bugu na 2, 1430H.