Mayen Mutuwa

Daga wikishia

Mayen Mutuwa, (Larabci سكرة الموت)suna ne da ake amfani da shi kan wahalhalun da tsanani wanda mai shashshaƙar mutuwa yake fuskanta lokacin da za a cire ransa cikin Alkur’ani aya ta 19 suratul ƙaf an yi Magana kan wannan mas’ala, kuma kan asasin abin da ya zo a hadisai haƙiƙa mayen mutuwa yana da mugun tsanani, bakiɗayan mutane suna ɗanɗanarsa lokacin da za su mutu. Bisa hadisai, an yi bayani cewa wasu ba’arin muminai za su fuskancin wahalhalu da tsanani cikin mayen mutuwa, wannan tsananin zai kasance domin gafarta musu zunubansu, cikin hadisan Annabi (S.A.W) da Imamai, an yi bayanin hanyoyi samun sauki lokacin fitar rai, wasu ba’arinsu sun kasance kamar haka: sadar da zumunci, kyautatawa iyaye, taimakon ƴan’uwa na addini, karanta surorin Yasin da Saffatm son Imam Ali (A.S) da kuma yawaita ziyartar ƙabarin Imam Husaini (A.S).

Sanin Mafhumi

Mayen mutuwa, wani hali ne da mutum yake shiga wanda aka kamanta da shi da misalin wanda yake buge ya fita daga cikin hayyacinsa sakamakon tsananin mutuwa da wahalhalun da mai shashshaƙar fitar rai yake fuskanta, cikin wannan hali mutum yana rasa hankalinsa tare da fita daga hayyacinsa, [1] ”Sakrat” sigar jam’I ce daga Kalmar “Alsakra” da take da ma’anar buguwa da shiga maye da jin jiri. [2] kalmar ”Mautu” tana nufin mutuwa. [3]

Cikin Ayoyi Da Riwayoyi

Cikin Alkur’ani aya ta 19 suratul ƙaf an yi amfani da jumlar ”Sakrat Al-Mauti”

«وَ جاءَتْ سَكْرَةُ الْمَوْتِ بِالْحَقِّ ذَلِكَ مَا كُنْتَ مِنْهُ تَحِیدُ؛

kuma mayen mutuwa ya zo da gaskiya wannan shi ne abin da ka kasance kana bijirewa daga gare shi haka nan cikin riwayoyi an yi amfani da wannan jumla ”Sakratul Al-Mauti” [4] da kuma ”Sakrat Al-Mauti” [5] cikin littafin Biharul Al-Anwar akwai sashe guda da ya keɓantu da wannan maudu’i tare da tattaro riwayoyi ɗai-ɗai har guda 52. [6] daga ciki ya zo kamar haka: ya Allah ka taimakeni cikin mayen mutuwa da fitar rai. [7] Yaya Mayen Mutuwa Yake Kan asasin hadisin da Shaik Saduƙ ya naƙalto daga Imam Ali (A.S) mafi tsananin lakuta a rayuwar mutum su ne guda uku: lokacin mutuwa, lokacin tashi daga ƙabari da kuma lokacin fuskantar Ubangiji. [8] cikin littafin Payam Kur’an, daga cikin tafsiran maudu’i na Kur’ani, tare da jingina da kalmar ”Sakrattul Al-Mauti” cikin aya ta 19 suratul ƙaf ya zo cewa ita mutuwa tana zuwa ne da tsanani da firgici. [9] a cikin abin da aka rubuta a wannan littafi kan asasin riwayoyi, hatta Annabawa da Waliyyai suna fuskantar wannan tsanani da zafin fitar rai. [10]

Bambanci Tsakanin Mayen Mutuwar Mumini Da Ta Kafiri

Cikin wata riwaya da aka naƙalto daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) mayen mutuwa yana da matuƙar sauƙi ga Mumini, amma yana kasancewa mai tsanani ga wasu ba’arin muminai saboda goge musu zununubansu, kamar dai yadda mayen mutuwar Kafiri yake kasance mai mugun tsanani; amma mayen mutuwar ba’arin wasu Kafirai sakamakon kyawawan ayyukansu a duniya yana kasancewa mai sauƙi kuma a lahira azabar kaɗai za su fuskanta. [11]

Hanyoyin Sauƙaƙar Mayen Mutuwa

Cikin ba’arin Hadisa, an yi bayanin hanyoyi samun sauƙaƙar mayen mutuwa. alal misali, Kulaini babban malamin hadisi a Shi’a, cikin wani hadisi daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) ya zo cewa duk wanda ya suturce jikin ɗan’wansa da tufafi, wajibi kan Allah ya suturce shi da tufafin aljanna ya kuma sauƙaƙa masa mayen mutuwa. [12] Wasu adadin ayyuka da riwayoyi suka yi bayanin cewa su na sauƙaƙa mayen mutuwa sun kasance kamar haka: sadar da zumunci, [13] kyautatawa iyaye, [14] azumin watan Ramadan, [15] karanta suratul Yasin, [16] azumi a watan Rajab, [17] son Imam Ali (A.S) [18] da yawaita zzuwa ziyarar ƙabarin Imam Husaini (A.S), [19] a cewar Muhammad Mahadi Naraƙi cikin littafin Jami’ul As-Sa’adat, kan asasin riwayoyi, duk wanda mahaifyarsa ta yi fushi da shi lallai mayen mutuwa da azabar ƙabari za su kasance masu tsanani sosai. [20]

Sauƙaƙa Mayen Mutuwa Ga Mai Shashshaƙar Mutuwa

Marubucin littafin Jawahir, daga malaman fiƙihun Shi’a yana cewa kan asasin riwayoyi mustahabi ne a ɗauki wanda yake cikin halin shashshaƙar mutuwa a kwantar da shi a inda yake yin sallah, yin haka zai sauƙaƙa masa mayen mutuwa. [21] muhaƙƙiƙul Karaki tare da jingina da wani hadisi daga Imam Kazim (A.S) yana ganin mustahabbi ne a karanta suratul Saffat ga wanda yake halin shashshaƙar mutuwa. [22] bisa wannan hadisi idan aka karanta suratul Saffat kan matashin mai shashshaƙar mutuwa za ta yi saurin sauƙaƙa masa mayen mutuwa. [23] a cikin wani hadisi daga Annabi (S.A.W) ya zo cewa karanta suratul Yasin a wurin mai shashshaƙar mutuwa tana sauƙaƙa masa mutuwa. [24]

Bayanin kula

  1. ɗabaɗabaei, Al-Mizan, 1417 AH, vol. 18, p. 348; Waram, Majmu'atu Waram, 1410 AH, vol.1, p.26.
  2. Luggatnameh Dehkhoda, Zailu Wajeh "Sakratu" "Sukra".
  3. Luggatnameh Dehkhoda, Zailu Wajeh "Mautu".
  4. Kafami, Al-Balad Al-Amin, 1418 AH, p. 105; Sheikh ɗusi, Misbah Al-Mutahajjid, 1411, vol. 2, p. 443.
  5. Sheikh ɗusi, Tahzeeb Al-Ahkam, 1407 AH, vol.3, p.93.
  6. duba Majlisi, Bihar Al-Anwar, 1403 AH, vol. 6, pp. 145-173.
  7. Sheikh ɗusi, Tahzeeb Al-Ahkam, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 93.
  8. Sheikh Saduƙ, Al-Khisal, 1362, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 119.
  9. Makarem Shirazi wa Digaran, Payam ƙur'an, 1377, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 431.
  10. Makarem Shirazi wa Digaran, Payam ƙur'an, 1377, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 432.
  11. Shaikh Saduƙ, Ayoun Akhbar al-Reza, 1378 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 274-275.
  12. Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 204.
  13. Sheikh Saduƙ, Al-Amali, 1376, shafi na 208.
  14. Shaikh ɗusi, Al-Amali, 1414H, shafi na 432.
  15. Sheikh Saduƙ, Man La Yahzarahul Al-Faƙihu, 1413 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 74.
  16. Sadouf, Thawabul Al-A`mal, 1406 BC, shafi na 111-112.
  17. Shaikh Saduƙ, Fada'ilul Al-Ash-hur Al-Salasa, 1396H, shafi na 12.
  18. Sheikh Sadouƙ, Fada'el Al-Shia, Alami, shafi na 4.
  19. Ibn ƙolwieh, Kamel Al-Ziyarat, 1356, shafi na 150.
  20. Naraghi, Jame Al-Saadat, 2003, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 273.
  21. Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1404, juzu'i na 4, 18.
  22. Muƙaƙiƙ Karaki, Jami Al-Maƙasid, 1414 AH, Juzu’i na 1, shafi na 353.
  23. Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1407H, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 126.
  24. Muhaddith Nouri, Mustadarak Al-wasa'il, 1408H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 136.

Nassoshi

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