Jump to content

Daƙiƙa:Wasiƙun Annabi (S.A.W) Zuwa Ga Sarakuna

Ƙara hanyoyin mahaɗar
Daga wikishia
Wasiƙun Annabi (S.A.W) Zuwa Ga Sarakuna
Zamanin fitowaTsakanin shekaru na 6 zuwa 10 Hijira
Ta fito dagaAnnabi Muhammad (S.A.W)
Wanda ake magana da shiSarakuna
YareLarabci
Maudu'iKira zuwa kaɗaita Allah da kuma karɓar Musulunci
Madogaran Shi'aTarikhul Yaƙubi
Madogaran AhluS-sunnaTarikhut Tabari● As-siratun Nabawiyya
An tarjama zuwaFarsi
Sakamako da illolinsaMartanoni daban-daban (karɓar Musulunci, aika kyauta, da yage wasiƙar).


Wasiƙun Manzon Allah (S.A.W) zuwa ga sarakuna su ne Wasiƙun da Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) ya aika zuwa ga sarakunan ƙasashe daban-daban, inda yake kiran su zuwa ga karɓar addinin Musulunci.

A cikin waɗannan wasiƙu, Annabi (S.A.W) ya kuma yi wa wasu sarakuna gargaɗi. Misali, ya sanar da Hirakliyus (Sarkin Rumawa) da Khosruparwiz (Sarkin Iran) cewa za su kasance masu alhaki kan zunuban waɗanda suke ƙarƙashin mulkinsu. An kuma sanar da sarakunan Dimashƙa da Oman cewa domin su ci gaba da riƙe mulkinsu ya kamata su karɓi Musulunci, in ba haka ba mulkinsu zai gushe. Haka kuma an nemi Sarkin Bahrain cewa idan bai karɓi Musulunci ba, ya biya jiziya.

Martanin sarakunan ya bambanta. Najashi, Sarkin Habasha, ya musulunta; Khosruparwiz ya yaga wasiƙar; yayin da wasu kamar Sarkin Bahrain ba su karɓi wannan kira ba.

Lokacin aika waɗannan wasiƙu ya bambanta a cikin littattafan tarihi, amma mafi yawan masana tarihi sun ce an aika su ne a shekara ta shida bayan Hijira, bayan Sulhun Hudaibiyya.

Abun da Wasiƙun Suke Ƙunshe Da Shi

Wasiƙar bai ɗaya da Annabi (S.A.W) ya aike wa sarakuna.

"Ka ce: Ya ku Ma'abota Littafi! Ku zo zuwa ga wata magana wadda take daidai a tsakaninmu da ku: kada mu bauta wa kowa sai Allah kaɗai, kada kuma mu haɗa masa wani da tarayya, kuma kada sashenmu ya riƙi sashe a matsayin ubangiji baicin Allah. Idan kuwa suka juya baya daga wannan kira, to ku ce: Ku zama shaidu cewa mu kam mun mika wuya ga Allah (mu Musulmai ne)." (Suratu Ali Imrān, aya ta 64).

[1]

Bisa ga rahotannin tarihi, Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) ya aika wasiƙu zuwa ga sarakunan ƙasashe daban-daban, ciki har da Habasha, Rum, Iran, Masar, Dimashƙa da Yamama.[2] A ra'ayin wasu masana tarihi, har ila yau ya aika zuwa Oman da Bahrain[3] da Yaman[4], yana kiran waɗannan sarakuna zuwa Musulunci. Domin isar da waɗannan wasiƙu, ya aika da manzanni na musamman zuwa wajen kowanne daga cikinsu.[5]

Bisa ga rahotanni, babban abin da wasiƙun suka ƙunsa shi ne kira zuwa ga tauhidi da karɓar Musulunci.[6] A cikin wasiƙarsa zuwa ga Najashi, Sarkin Kirista na Habasha, Annabi (S.A.W) ya ambaci tsarkin Maryam (A.S),[7] yayin da a wasiƙarsa zuwa ga Sarkin Bahrain, ya bayyana sharuɗɗa da hukunce-hukuncen shiga Musulunci.[8]

A cewar Sayyid Jafar Murtada Amili, masanin tarihin Shi'a, a cikin littafinsa As-Sahih min Siratin Nabiyyil A'azam, Annabi (S.A.W) bai yi nufin mamaye ƙasashe ba.[9] Sai dai a lokaci guda ya yi wa wasu sarakuna gargaɗi. Misali, ya sanar da Hirakliyus, Sarkin Rumawa,[10] da Khosruparwiz, Sarkin Iran,[11] cewa za su kasance masu alhaki kan zunuban waɗanda suke ƙarƙashin mulkinsu. A cikin wasiƙarsa zuwa ga Sarkin Iran kuma, ya yi masa gargaɗi cewa idan bai karɓi Musulunci ba, ya kamata ya shirya domin yaƙi.[12]

Haka kuma an sanar da Sarkin Dimashƙa[13] da Sarkin Oman[14] cewa domin su kiyaye mulkinsu ya kamata su karɓi Musulunci; idan ba haka ba, mulkinsu zai rushe. Haka kuma an nemi Sarkin Bahrain cewa idan bai karɓi Musulunci ba, ya biya jiziya.[15]

Martanin Sarakuna

Bisa ga rahotannin tarihi, martanin sarakuna ga wasiƙun Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) ya bambanta. Wasu daga cikinsu, kamar Najashi Sarkin Habasha,[16] Sarkin Bahrain[17] da Sarkin Oman,[18] sun karɓi Musulunci.

Najashi ya karɓi wasiƙar cikin girmamawa sosai,[19] ya furta shahada biyu,[20] sannan ya aika wa Annabi (S.A.W) kyaututtuka, daga cikinsu akwai Mariyatu Ƙibɗiyya.[21]

Sai dai bisa rahoton Tarihin Ɗabari, Sarkin Bahrain bai musulunta ba, amma ya yi sulhu da Annabi (S.A.W).[22]

A gefe guda kuwa, Khosruparwiz, Sarkin Iran, ya ƙi karɓar Musulunci kuma ya yaga wasiƙar Annabi (S.A.W).[23] A cewar Sayyid Jafar Murtada Amili, Najashi na uku, Sarkin Habasha, shi ma ya yage wasiƙar Annabi (S.A.W).[24]

Sarakunan Rumawa,[25] Dimashƙa, Masar da Yamama, duk da cewa ba su musulunta ba, sun ba da amsa cikin girmamawa. Wasu daga cikinsu, kamar Muƙauƙis Sarkin Masar, sun aika da kyaututtuka.[26] Haka kuma Sarkin Rumawa ya amince da girman matsayin Annabi (S.A.W).[27]

Lokacin Aika Wasiƙun

Game da lokacin da aka aika waɗannan wasiƙu, akwai saɓani tsakanin masana tarihi. Wasu sun bayyana cewa an aika su ne a watan Zul-Hijja na shekara ta 6 bayan Hijira,[28] wasu kuma sun ce a Muharram na shekara ta 7 bayan Hijira.[29] Wasu malaman tarihi kuma sun nuna cewa an aika su ne a tsakanin lokacin Sulhun Hudaibiyya da kuma rasuwar Annabi (S.A.W).[30]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Ibn Abi Shaibah, Al-Musannaf, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 347; Ya'qubi, Tarikh al-Ya'qubi, Dar Sadir, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 78.
  2. ↑ Ibn Sa'd, Attabakatul Kubra, juzu'i na 1, shafuffuka na 198–201.
  3. ↑ Ya'qubi, Tarikh al-Ya'qubi, Dar Sadir, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 78; Ibn Hisham, Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 607; Ibn al-Qayyim, Zad al-Ma'ad, juzu'i na 1, shafuffuka na 122–123.
  4. ↑ Ibn al-Qayyim, Zad al-Ma'ad, juzu'i na 1, shafuffuka na 122–123.
  5. ↑ Tabari, Tarikhut Tabari, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 644; Ibn Hisham, Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 607.
  6. ↑ Ahmadi Miyanji, Makatib al-Rasul, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 187; Ibn Abi Shaibah, Al-Musannaf, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 347.
  7. ↑ Ibn Hibban, Al-Thiqāt, juzu'i na 2, shafuffuka na 8–9; Tabari, Tarikhut Tabari, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 652.
  8. ↑ Tabari, Tarikhut Tabari, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 29.
  9. ↑ Amili, Al-Ṣaḥīḥ min Sīrat al-Nabī al-A'ẓam, juzu'i na 16, shafi na 255.
  10. ↑ Ibn Zanjawayh, Al-Amwāl, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 119; Abu al-Faraj Isfahani, Al-Aghāni, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 525.
  11. ↑ Tabari, Tarikhut Tabari, juzu'i na 2, shafuffuka na 654–656; Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, juzu'i na 20, shafi na 389.
  12. ↑ Ibn Shahrāshūb, Manāqib, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 79.
  13. ↑ Khwarizmi, Mufīd al-'Ulūm wa Mubīd al-Humūm, shafi na 53; Tabari, Tarikhut Tabari, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 652.
  14. ↑ Ibn al-Qayyim, Hidāyat al-Ḥayārā fī Ajwibat al-Yahūd wa al-Naṣārā, shafi na 283; Ibn Sayyid al-Nās, Uyūn al-Athar, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 335.
  15. ↑ Tabari, Tarikhut Tabari, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 29.
  16. ↑ Tabari, Tarikhut Tabari, juzu'i na 2, shafuffuka na 652–653; Ibn Sa'd, Attabakātul Kubra, juzu'i na 1, shafuffuka na 198–199.
  17. ↑ Ibn Sa'd, Attabakātul Kubra, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 201.
  18. ↑ Baladhuri, Futuhul Buldan, shafi na 83; Ibn Sa'd, Attabakātul Kubra, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 201.
  19. ↑ Ibn Sa'd, Attabakātul Kubra, juzu'i na 1, shafuffuka na 198–199.
  20. ↑ Tabari, Tarikhut Tabari, juzu'i na 2, shafuffuka na 652–653; Ibn Sa'd, Attabakātul Kubra, juzu'i na 1, shafuffuka na 198–199.
  21. ↑ Tabrasi, I'lamul Wara, shafi na 46.
  22. ↑ Tabari, Tarikhut Tabari, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 29.
  23. ↑ Ibn Sa'd, Attabakātul Kubra, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 199.
  24. ↑ Amili, As-Sahih min Siratin Nabiyyil A'azam, juzu'i na 17, shafi na 59.
  25. ↑ Tabari, Tarikhut Tabari, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 646.
  26. ↑ Ibn Sa'd, Attabakātul Kubra, juzu'i na 1, shafuffuka na 200–201.
  27. ↑ Ibn Abi Shaibah, Al-Musannaf, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 347.
  28. ↑ Ibn Sa'ad, Attabaƙatul Kubra, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 198; Tabari, Tarikhut Tabari, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 644.
  29. ↑ Ibn Qayyim, Zadul Ma'ad, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 120.
  30. ↑ Tabari, Tarikhut Tabari, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 645.

Nassoshi

  • Abul Faraj Isfahani, Ali Bin Husaini, Al-Aghani, Beirut, Dar Ihya'ut Turathil Arabi, bugu na farko, 1415H.
  • Ahmadi Miyanji, Ali, Makatibur Rasul (S.A.W), Qum, Darul Hadis, bugu na farko, 1419H.
  • Amili, Sayyid Jafar Murtada, As-Sahih min Siratin Nabiyyil A'azam, Qum, Darul Hadis, bugu na farko, 1426H.
  • Balazuri, Ahmad Bin Yahya, Futuhul Buldan, Beirut, Dar wa Maktabatul Hilal, 1988 Miladiyya.
  • Ibn Abi Shaiba, Abdullah Bin Muhammad, Al-Musannaf fil Ahadis wal Asar, bincike da Kamal Yusuf Al-Hut, Riyadh, Ofishin Rushd, 1409H.
  • Ibn Hibban, Muhammad Bin Hibban, As-Siqat, bincike da Husain Ibrahim Zahran, Beirut, Cibaiyar Kutubis Saqafiyya, 1393H.
  • Ibn Hisham, Abdul Malik Bin Hisham, As-Siratun Nabawiyya, bincike da Mustafa Saqqa, Ibrahim Abyari da Abdul Hafiz Shalabi, Beirut, Darul Ma'arifa, ba tare da shekarar bugawa ba.
  • Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyya, Muhammad Bin Abi Bakr, Hidayatul Hayara fi Ajiwibatil Yahud wan Nasara, bincike da Muhammad Ahmad Al-Hajj, Dimashƙa, Darul Qalam, 1416H.
  • Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyya, Muhammad ɗan Abi Bakr, Zadul Ma'ad fi Hadyi Khairil Ibad, bincike da Shu'aib Arna'ut da Abdul Qadir Arna'ut, Beirut, Cibiayar Risala, 1415H.
  • Ibn Sa'ad, Muhammad Bin Sa'ad, Attabaƙatul Kubra, bincike da Muhammad Abdul Qadir Ata, Beirut, Darul Kutubil Ilmiyya, bugu na farko, 1410H.
  • Ibn Sayyidin Nas, Muhammad ɗan Sayyidin Nas, Uyunul Asar fi Fununil Maghazi wash Shama'il was Siyar, sharhi da Ibrahim Muhammad Ramadan, Beirut, Darul Qalam, bugu na farko, 1414H.
  • Ibn Shahr Ashub, Muhammad Bin Ali, Manaƙib Aali Abi Talib (A.S)", Qum, Allama, bugu na farko, 1379H.
  • Ibn Zanjawaih, Humaid Bin Makhlad, Al-Amwal, bincike da Shakir Dhib Fayyad, Saudiyya, Cibiyar Bincike da Nazarin Musulunci ta Sarki Faisal, bugu na farko, 1406H.
  • Khawarizmi, Muhammad Bin Abbas, Mufidul Ulum wa Mubidul Humum, bincike da Abdullah ɗan Ibrahim Ansari, Beirut, Maktabatul Asriyya, 1418H.
  • Majlisi, Muhammad Bakir, Biharul Anwar, gyara daga wata ƙungiyar masu bincike, Beirut, Dar Ihya'ut Turathil Arabi, bugu na biyu, 1403H.
  • Tabari, Muhammad ɗan Jarir, Tarikhut Tabari: Tarikhul Umam wal Muluk", bincike da Muhammad Abul Fadl Ibrahim, Beirut, Darut Turath, bugu na biyu, 1387sh (2008–2009 Miladiyya).
  • Tabrisi, Fadl ɗan Hassan, I'lamul Wara bi A'lamil Huda, Tehran, Islamiyya, bugu na uku, 1390H.
  • Ya'qubi, Ahmad ɗan Abi Ya'qub, Tarikhul Ya'qubi, Beirut, Dar Sadir, ba tare da shekarar bugawa ba.
Daga "https://ha.wikishia.net/w/index.php?title=Daƙiƙa:Wasiƙun_Annabi_(S.A.W)_Zuwa_Ga_Sarakuna&oldid=25509"