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Daƙiƙa:Suratul Hujurat

Ƙara hanyoyin mahaɗar
Daga wikishia
Suratul Hujurat
Ƙaf
Suratul Ƙaf
Hujurat
Fatahu
Suratul Fatahu
Lambar Sura49
Juzu'i26
Jerantuwa Ta Sauka107
Adadin Ayoyi18
Adadin Kalmomi353
Adadin Haruffa1533
Makkiya/MadaniyyaMadaniyya


Suratul Hujurat (Larabci: سورة الحجرات) sura ce ta 49 cikin juzi'i na 26 a cikin ƙur'ani, kuma sura ce da ta sauka a Madina, an ciro sunanta daga aya ta huɗu a cikinta, tana magana kan hukunce-hukunce na addini, kamar ladabin bawa tsakaninshi da Allah maɗaukaki da tsakaninshi da Manzonsa (S.A.W) da kuma alaƙarshi da ɗan'adam irinshi, da bayani kan mutane a ɗai-ɗaiku, kazalika tana nuni kan haƙiƙanin imani da musulinci da ni'imar da Allah yake yiwa ɗan'adam daga hasken imani.

Daga cikin shahararrun ayoyinta akwai:

  • Faɗin Allah cikin aya ta 6:Ya ku waɗanda suka yi imani! Idan wani mai fasikanci ya zo muku da wani labari, ku bincika shi da kyau, kada ku kai wa wani ƙungiya hari cikin jahilci, sai ku zama masu nadama a kan abin da kuka aikata
  • Faɗin Allah cikin aya ta 10:Lalle muminai ƴan uwa ne. Ku gyara tsakanin ƴan uwanku, ku kuma ji tsoron Allah, domin ku sami rahama.
  • Faɗin Allah cikin aya ta 12:Ya ku waɗanda suka yi imani! Ku guji yawancin zato, domin wasu zato zunubi ne. Kada ku yi leƙen asiri, kuma kada ku yi giba da juna. Shin wani daga cikinku yana son ya ci naman ɗan'uwansa matacce? Lalle za ku ƙi shi. Ku ji tsoron Allah, lalle Allah Mai karɓar tuba ne, Mai jin ƙai
  • Faɗin Allah cikin aya ta 13:Ya ku mutane! Lalle Mu ne muka halicce ku daga namiji da mace, muka kuma sanya ku al'ummomi da kabilu domin ku san juna. Lalle mafi karamcin ku a wurin Allah shi ne wanda ya fi tsoron Allah. Lalle Allah Mai sani ne, Mai labari.

Ruwayoyi da yawa sun zo kan falalar karanta wannan sura, daga ciki akwai abin da aka rawaito daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) cewa duk wanda ya karanta wannan sura ko wace rana ko dare zai sami rabauta da shiga cikin waɗanda suka ziyarci Muhammad (S.A.W).

Sanya Mata Suna Da Kuma Ayoyinta

Wannan sura ana kiranta da Hujurat, saboda zuwan wannan kalma cikin aya ta 4, inda take cewa: Lalle waɗanda suke kiran ka daga bayan dakunan (Annabi), mafi yawansu ba su da hankali.

Hujurat jam'i ne na Hujura, abin da ake nufi da su shi ne ɗakunan matan Annabi (S.A.W)[1] kuma ayoyinta 18 ne tana da kalmomia 353 da haruffa 1533 tana cikin surori Mufassalat hakan yana nufin surori gajeru da ayoyi da yawa[2] kuma tana daga surori mumtahanat.[3]

Jerantuwa Ta Sauka

Babban labari: Jerantuwar Surorin Kur'ani

Wannan sura tana cikin surorin da suka sauka a Madina a wurin Annabi (S.A.W)[4] bisa jerin sauka ita ce ta 107 amma cikin Alƙur'ani tana cikin juzi'i na 26, sannan ita ce ta 49 cikin surorin ƙur'ani.[5]

Ma'anar Kalmominta

Kalmar (لَعَنِتُّمْ) tana nufin wahala mai tsanani. Kalmar (بَغَتْ) tana nufin zalinci da ƙeta iyaka wajan zalinci. Kalmar (يَغْتَب) tana nufin ambaton mumini da aibu a bayan idonshi ko yayin da bayanan. Kalmar (الأَعْرَابُ) tana nufin mazauna ƙauye waɗanda ba suyi karatun addini ba.[6]

Abin da Yake Cikinta

Wannan sura tana ɗauke da wasu mas'aloli na shari'a waɗanda da su ne mutum zai sami tsira da shi ne kuma zamantakewar al'umma za ta yi kyau, daga cikin abin da ke cikin wannan sura akwai; ladabi tsakanin bawa da Allah da tsakaninshi da manzonsa, kamar yadda ya zo cikin ayoyi biyar na farkon surar, daga ciki akwai abin da ya shafi mutum tsakaninshi da ɗan uwanshi mutum, sakamako rayuwa guri guda, daga ciki akwai abin da yake bayyana ɗaukakar wasu mutane kan wasu, wannan yana daga cikin abin da yake tsara rayuwar zamantakewa kuma ya nusar da mutum zuwa rayuwa ta gari da bambance addini na gaskiya da naƙarya, duk wannan bisa sunna da dokokin zaman takewa, kuma surar tana ƙarƙarewa da nusar da mutane kan imani na gaskiya da Muslunci da ni'imar Allah wacce yake yi ma al'umma saboda hasken imani.[7]

Shahararrun Ayoyinta

Ayar Naba'i

Babban labari: Ayar Naba'i

Faɗar Allah maɗakaki:Ya ku waɗanda suka yi imani! Idan wani fasiƙi ya zo muku da wani labari, ku bincika shi da kyau, kada ku kai wa wani ƙungiya hari cikin jahilci, sai ku zama masu nadama a kan abin da kuka aikata.[9] ya zo cikin litattafai na tafsiri cewa wannan ayar ta sauka ne kan Walid Bin Uƙba ɗan Abi Ma'aɗiyya, Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya aikeshi ya karɓo zakka daga ƙabilar Banu Musɗalaƙ, sai suka fito suna tarbarshi cikin farin ciki, amma da yake a akwai adawa a tsakaninsu a lokacin jahiliyya, to shi kuma sai ya yi tinanin suna so su kashe shi ne, kawai sai ya koma gurin Annabi (S.A.W) ba tare da ya aiwatar abin da aka umarce shi ba, sai ya cewa Annabi sun hana zakka, alhalin abin ba haka ba ne, sai Annabi ya yi fishi, har abin ya kai ga ya yi shirin yaƙarsu, sai wannan ayar ta sauka.[10]

Ayar Ƴan uwantaka

Babban labari: Ayar Ukuwwa

Faɗar Allah maɗaukaki: Lalle muminai ƴan uwa ne. Ku gyara tsakanin ƴan uwanku, ku kuma ji tsoron Allah, domin ku sami rahama.[11] ya zo cikin litattafan tafsiri cewa Annabi (S.A.W) ya haɗa ƴan uwantaka tsakanin Musulmi, sai ya haɗa Abubakar da Umar, Usman da Abdur-Rahman, kowa da dai-daishi har sai da ya haɗa kowa da abokin haɗinshi cikin dukkan sahabbansa, sannan sai ya cewa Ali (A.S) kai ɗan'uwanane ni kuma ɗan'uwanka ne.[12]

Ayar Giba

Babban labari: Ayar Giba

Faɗar Allah maɗaukaki:Ya ku waɗanda suka yi imani! Ku guji yawancin zato, domin wasu zato zunubi ne. Kada ku yi leƙen asiri, kuma kada ku yi giba da juna. Shin wani daga cikinku yana son ya ci naman ɗan'uwansa matacce? Lalle za ku ƙi shi. Ku ji tsoron Allah, lalle Allah Mai karɓar tuba ne, Mai jin ƙai.[13] Ya zo a litattafan tafsiri cewa a wannan ayoyi guda uku akwai mas'aloli guda uku na aklaƙ: nisantar munana zato da tajassusi (leƙa asirin wani) da yin giba (Gulma), waɗannan abubuwa guda uku suna da alaƙa da juna, saboda shi munata zato yana kai mutum da ya leƙa asirin wani, da giba shi kuma leƙa asirin wani yana kai ga tuna mishi asiri alhalin da abin ya ɓuya ga mutane, to idan suka sami sirrinshi, to hakanne zai kaisu da yin giba, saboda haka Muslunci yake hannasu gaba ɗaya.[14]

Tsoron Allah Shi ne Ma'auni

Babban labari: Taƙawa

Faɗar Allah maɗaukaki:Ya ku mutane! Lalle Mu ne muka halicce ku daga namiji da mace, muka kuma sanya ku al'ummomi da kabilu domin ku san juna. Lalle mafi karamcin ku a wurin Allah shi ne wanda ya fi tsoron Allah. Lalle Allah Mai sani ne, Mai labari.[15] Ya zo a litattafan tafsiri cewa, wannan aya tana magana da dukkan mutane, kuma tana bayyana abin da ya fi muhimmanci wajan tabbar da tsari da tsayuwa cikin al'umma, ƙur'ani ya yi watsi da wurgi da babban ma'auni na yin alfahari a lokacin jahiliyya, yana fatali da nuna fifiko cikin nasabar mutum da ƙabilarshi, sai ƙur'ani ya ce, wannan ba ma'auni bane ba, ma'auni na gaskiya shi ne tsoron Allah.[16]

Falala Da Fa'idodji

Akwai falaloli da yawa idan mutum ya karanta wannan sura:

  • An rawaito daga Annabi (S.A.W) cewa duk wanda ya karanta suratul Hujurat, za a ba shi lada yawan duk wanda ya bi Allah da lada addadin wanda ya saɓamashi.[17]
  • An rawaito daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) cewa duk wanda ya karanta wannan sura a ko wace rana ko dare, za a yi la'akarinshi cikin waɗanda suka ziyarci Muhammad (S.A.W).[18]

Abubuwan da suka keɓanta da wannan sura sun zo cikin ruwaya kamar haka:

  • An rawaito daga Imam Sadiƙ (A.S) duk wanda ya rubuta wannan sura ya yi laya da ita ya rataya kan wanda ake bi (Shugaba ko jagora) , to zai aminta daga Shaiɗancinsa, ba zai zo mishi ba, kuma zai aminta daga duk abin da ake tsoro, idan mace mai ƙarancin nono ta rubuta tasha, zata sami ruwan nono bayan rashin zuwanshi, kuma za a kiyaye jaririnta kuma ita ma zata zamo cikin aminci daga duk abin da ake tsoro da yardar Allah[19]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Musawi, Al‑Wadih Fit Tafsir, Juzu'i na 15, shafi na 69–71.
  2. ↑ Khurramshahi, Mausu'atul Qur'an Wad‑Dirasatil Qur'aniyya, Juzu'i na 2, shafi na 1252.
  3. ↑ Ma'arifat, At‑Tamhid, Juzu'i na 1, shafi na 313.
  4. ↑ Ɗusi, At-Tibyan, Juzu'i na 10, shafi na 572; Razi, At‑Tafsirul Kabir, Juzu'i na 28, shafi na 95.
  5. ↑ Ma'arifat, Ulumul Qur'an, Juzu'i na 2, shafi na 166
  6. ↑ Musawi, Al‑Wadih Fit Tafsir, Juzu'i na 15, shafuka 81–98
  7. ↑ Ɗabaɗaba'i, Almizan, Juzu'i na 18, shafi na 309.
  8. ↑ Khamagar, Sakhtar-e Sureha-ye Qur'an Karim.
  9. ↑ Suratul Ḥujurat, aya ta 6.
  10. ↑ ƊabrIsi, Majma'ul Bayan, Juzu'i na 9, shafuka 323–324.
  11. ↑ Suratul Hujurat, aya ta 10.
  12. ↑ Bahrani, Al‑Burhan, Juzu'i na 9, shafi na 86.
  13. ↑ Suratul Hujurat, aya ta 12
  14. ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Tafsirul Amsal, Juzu'i na 16, shafuka 548–55.
  15. ↑ Suratul Hujurat, aya ta 13.
  16. ↑ Alusi, Ruhul Ma'ani, Juzu'i na 26, shafuka 435–436; Mughniyya, Tafsirul Kashif,
  17. ↑ Zamakhshari, Tafsirul Kashshaf, Juzu'i na 4, shafi na 1537
  18. ↑ Ɗabrisi, Jawami'ul Jami, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 397.
  19. ↑ Bahrani, Al‑Burhan, Juzu'i na 9, shafi na 79.

Nassoshi

  • Qur'an Kareem
  • Alusi, Mahmud Bin Abdullahi, Ruhul Ma'ani fi Tafsiril Qur'anil Azim was‑Sab'ul Masani, Beirut – Lebanon, Dar Ihya'il Turasil Arabi, bugu na 1, 1421H.
  • Bahrani, Hashim Bin Sulaiman, Al‑Burhan Fi Tafsiril Qur'an, Beirut – Lebanon, Dar Ihya'il Turasil Arabi, bugu na 1, 1429H.
  • Khurramshahi, Baha'uddin, Mausu'atul Qur'an Wad‑Dirasatil Qur'aniyya, Iran – Tehran, Cibiyar al‑Asdiqa', 1377Sh.
  • Ma'arifat, Muhammad Hadi, At‑Tamhid fi Ulum al‑Qur'an, Qum – Iran, Mawallafar Zawi al‑Qurba, bugu na 1, 1428H.
  • Ma'arifat, Muhammad Hadi, Tadris al‑Ulum al‑Qur'aniyya, tarjama: Abu Muhammad Faƙili, Dar Nashre Di'ayatil Islamiyya, 1371Sh.
  • Makarim Shirazi, Nasir, Al-Amsal Fi Tafsiri Kitabillahil Munazzal, Tehran, Cibiyar Al'amira, 1374SH.
  • Mughniyya, Muhammad Jawad, Tafsirul Kashif, Beirut – Lebanon, Darul Anwar, bugu na 4, ba tare da shekara ba.
  • Musawi, Abbas Bin Ali, Al‑Wadih Fit Tafsir, Beirut – Lebanon, Cibiyar al‑Ghadir, bugu na 1, 1433H.
  • Razi, Muhammad Bin Umar, At‑Tafsirul Kabir, Beirut – Lebanon, Darul Kutubil Ilmiyya, bugu na 4, 1434H.
  • Ɗabaɗaba'i, Muhammad Husaini, Almizan Fi Tafsiril Qur'an, Qum – Iran, Mawallafar al‑Mujtaba, bugu na 1, 1430H.
  • Ɗabrisi, Fadl bn Hassan, Tafsir Jawami'ul Jami, Qum – Iran, Cibiyar Annashru Islami, bugu na 2, 1430H.
  • Ɗabrisi, Fadl Bin Hassan, Majma'ul Bayan, Tehran – Iran, Dar al‑Uswa, bugu na 1, 1426H.
  • Zamakhshari, Mahmud Bin Umar, Al‑Kashshaf, Beirut – Lebanon, Dar Sadir, bugu na 1, 1431H.
  • Ɗusi, Muhammad Bin Hassan, At‑Tibyan fi Tafsiril Qur'an, Qum – Iran, Cibiyar Annashru Islami, bugu na 1, 1431H.
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