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Daƙiƙa:Haramin Kazimaini

Ƙara hanyoyin mahaɗar
Daga wikishia
Haramin Kazimaini
Wanda ya kafaTun kafin Alu Buye
Mai amfaniWurin ziyara
WuriIraƙ-Kazimaini
Sauran sunayeMashhad Alkazimaini-Kazimiyya
Faɗi26,000 fadin murabba'i (tare da ƙidayar gine-ginen da ke da alaƙa da shi)
Sabunta giniZamanin Alu Buye, Safawiyya, Ƙajariyya da sauransu
Shafin yanar gizohttp://www.Aljawadain.org


Haramin Kazimaini shi ne kabarin Imam Musa Kazim (a.S), Imami na bakwai, da kuma jikansa Imam Muhammad Jawad (a.S), Imami na tara a wajen Imaman Shi'a. Wannan harami yana cikin yankin Kazimaini, wato wani yanki a arewacin Bagdad, kuma yana daga cikin manyan wuraren ziyara ga Musulmi musamman Shi'a a ƙasar Iraƙi.

Haram na Kazimaini yana da faɗin kusan mita murabba'i 26,000, kuma ya ƙunshi sassa daban-daban kamar: farfajiya, ɗakin ziyara, hasumiyoyi, Zarihi (ɗakin kabari), Wurin tafiya (Riwaƙ), da kuma ƙyallen kubba. a cikin haramin an yi amfani da fasahohin ado daban-daban kamar madubi-ƙawa, tayal na ƙawa, zinarin ado, sassaka itace da rubutun calligraphy.

Ginin farko a kan kabarin Imaman Kazimaini ya samo asali ne tun kafin zamanin Alu Buye. Daga baya, gwamnatoci kamar Alu Buye, Salajuƙiyyawa, Alu Jalayir, Safawiyya da Ƙajariyya sun yi gyara, sabuntawa da faɗaɗa haramin.

a zamanin Safawiyya, da umarnin Shah Isma'il Safawi, an rushe tsofaffin gine-gine sannan aka gina sabbin su, ciki har da kubba, hasumiyoyi da Masallaci. a zamanin Ƙajar kuma, Farhad Mirza (kawun Nasirud-Din Shah) ya gudanar da manyan ayyukan gine-gine, ciki har da sabunta farfajiya.

Saboda kusancinsa da kogin Dajla, haramin ya sha wahala a lokuta daban-daban sakamakon ambaliya. Haka kuma an lalata shi a rikicin ahlus-Sunna da Shi'a a shekara ta 443H da kuma lokacin mamayar Mongolawa zuwa Baghdad.

Kafin zamanin Safawiyya, ana gudanar da harkokin Haram na Kazimaini ne ta hannun Naƙib. Daga cikin shahararrun su akwai Sayyid Abdul-Karim Bin Ahmad Hilli.

a zamanin Safawiyya, an sauya tsarin gudanarwa, inda aka damƙa kula da haramin ga Mashikahat Al-Islam.

Bayan wannan zamani, wasu daga cikin masu kula da haramin sun haɗa da Abdul-Ḥamid Kalidar, Shaikh Abdun-Nabi Al-Kazimi, da iyalansa. Wasu manyan malamai da suka yi suna da aka binne a wannan wuri sun haɗa da: Shaikh Mufid, Ibn Ƙulawaihi, Khajo Nasiri-Din Ɗusi da Mu'izzud Daula Dailami.

Daga cikin littattafan da aka rubuta game da haramin akwai: Tarikhul Imamaini Al-Kazimaini Wa Raudatuhuma Al-Sharifa na Jafar Naƙzi da Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi na Muḥammad Hassan Alu Yasin.

Wurin Haramin Kazimaaini Da Suna

Samfuri:JadawAlin Lokuta Na Haramin Kazimaini Haram na Kazimaini shi ne wurin da aka binne Imam Musa Kazim (a.S), Imami na bakwai, da kuma jikansa Imam Muhammad Jawad (a.S), Imami na tara a wajen Shi'a.

an binne Imam Musa Kazim (a.S) a cikin wani maƙabarta da Mansur abbasi ya kafa a shekara ta 149H, wadda aka fi sani da "Maƙabartar Ƙuraishawa" .[1] Sunanta na farko kuma shi ne "Maƙabartar Shunizi",[2] "Shuniz" shi ne baƙar ƙwaya.[3]

Na farko da aka binne a wannan makabarta shi ne Jafar akbar, ɗan Mansur, a shekara ta 150H.[4]

Wannan wuri daga baya ya shahara da sunaye kamar: Mashhad Imam Musa Bin Jafar, Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, Kazimiyya.[5]

a cewar Ibn Ɗaƙɗaƙi daga Ibn Idris Hilli, wannan makabarta tana cikin yankin da ake kira "Al-Tawta" a Bagdad.[6]

a shekara ta 220H, an binne Muhammad Bin Ali (a.S) kusa da kakansa Musa Bin Jafar,[7] saboda haka aka fara kiransa da "Kazimaini" (wato "Kazim biyu").[8]

Haramin kuma ana kiran sa "Jawadaini" (Jawad biyu).[9] Haka kuma saboda kusancinsa da Bab Al-Tibni, ana kiran shi da "Mashhad Bab Al-Tibni".[10] Wannan "Tibnu" wani yanki ne na Bagdad inda kabarin Abdullah Bin Ahmad Bin Hanbal yake.[11]

Taƙaitaccen Tarihin Ginin Farko

Ginin farko da aka fara ginawa a kan kabarin Imam Musa Kazim (a.S.) ya kasance ƙubba (gini mai ɗaki da kubba) wanda ya ƙunshi ɗaki guda da kubba.[12]

Masanin tarihin Shi'a, Rasul Jafariyan, ya danganta gina wannan gini ga Khalifa Ma'amun abbasi, yana mai cewa shi ne ya fara kafa wannan gini a kan kabarin Imam (a.S).[13]

Gyara a Zamanin Alu Buye

an yi babban gyara da faɗaɗa Haram na Kazimaini a zamanin Alu Buye. a shekara ta 336 aH, da umarnin Mu'izzud-Daula Dailami, an rushe tsohon gini, sannan aka gina sabon ƙubba, ɗakin kabari (Zarihi) da kuma gini na katako na saj (wood of teak) a kan kaburburan Imamai biyu. Haka kuma an gina katanga a kewayen wurin, sannan aka kafa sojoji domin tsaron haramin.[14]

Bayan Muiizzud-Daula, ɗansa azudud-Daula Dailami (356–367 aH) ya ci gaba da aikin gyara, inda ya gina wuraren da za su sauƙaƙa wa masu ziyara da kuma inganta hidima ga Alhazan ziyara.[15]

A cewar Khatib Baghdadi, azudu-Daula Dailami (367–372 aH) ya ƙara gina katanga a kewayen Kazimaini a shekara ta 369 aH, sannan ya kafa asibiti tsakanin Kazimaini da Bagdad domin hidima ga masu ziyara zuwa haramin.[16]

Rushewa Da Hannun Wasu Hanbalawan Bagdad

Haram na Kazimaini ya sami lalacewa a lokacin rikice-rikicen mazhaba tsakanin Shi'a da ahlus-Sunna.

a shekara ta 443H, wasu daga cikin ahlus-Sunna, da aka ce sun kasance ƙarƙashin tasirin Hanbalawa na Bagdad, sun kai hari kan Kazimaini. Sun kwashe dukiyar harami, sannan sun ƙone Zarihi da kubba na Imamai biyu.[17]

a cewar Ibn asir, wani masanin tarihi na ahlus-Sunna a ƙarni na bakwai, waɗannan mutane sun yi ƙoƙarin tono kaburburan Imamai biyu domin su mayar da gawarwakinsu zuwa kabarin Ahmad Bin Hanbal. amma saboda barna da suka yi, sun kasa gano ainihin wurin kaburburan.[18]

Daga baya, a shekara ta 450H, arslan Al-Basasiri ya sake gina haramin, ya sanya sabon akwatin kabari a kan kaburbura, sannan ya mayar da kubba biyu zuwa kubba guda ɗaya.[19]

Gyara a Zamanin Salujaƙiyyawa

A shekara ta 490 aH, Majdul Mulk abul Fadli Burawustani, wanda shi ne ministan Shi'a a gwamnatin Barkiyaruƙ Saljuƙi (487–498 aH), ya gudanar da gyara da sabunta Haramin Kazimaini.[20]

Da umarninsa: an gina hasumiyoyi biyu (guldasta biyu) ga haramin, an yi ƙawa ado da tayal a ƙubbar harami, an saka sababbin akwatin kabari na itacen saj a kan kaburburan Imamai biyu, an gina wurin hutu ga masu ziyara kusa da harami.[21]

Lalacewa Sakamakon Ambaliyar Kogin Dajla

Haram na Kazimaini ya samu lahani a shekara ta 569 aH sakamakon ambaliya (tughyan) ta kogin Dajla.[22]

Daga baya, Khalifa An-Nasir Li Dinallahi Abbasi (575–622H) ya gudanar da gyare-gyare a shekara ta 575H, inda ya gina wasu ɗakuna a kewayen farfajiyar harami.[23] an bayyana wannan gyara a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi girma da kuma mafi ɗaukaka gyare-gyare a zamanin abbasiyawa.[24]

a lokacin rikice-rikicen addini a Kazimaini a shekara ta 654H (kafin faɗuwar Baghdad ga Mongolawa da shekaru biyu), an washe dukiyar harami.[25]

Wannan ya faru ne bayan kisan wani mutum daga hannun wani daga yankin Karkh, wanda ya jawo tashin hankali, inda mazauna yankunan ahlus-Sunna suka haɗa kai da sojojin Khalifa suka kai hari kan Karkh.[26]

Sai dai a cewar Ibn Al-Fuwaṭi, wannan rikici ya faru ne a shekara ta 653H.[27]

a Zamanin Mamayar Mongolawa

A shekara ta 656H, Mongolawa sun kame Bagdad. a wannan lamari, an lalata gine-gine da dama a cikin birnin, kuma Haram na Kazimaini ya samu gobara (ƙonewa).[28]

Sai dai da zarar amir Ƙaratayi ya isa Bagdad, ya naɗa Imadin-Din Umar Bin Muhammad Ƙazwini a matsayin wakilinsa. Shi kuma ya ba da umarni na gyara Masallacin Khalifa da Harami.[29]

Daga baya, Aɗa-Malik Juwaini, marubucin Jahan-gusha-ye Juwayni, ya kasance gwamnan Baghdad a lokacin Mongolawa (657–681H). an ruwaito cewa ya gyara barnar da ta faru a harami kuma ya mayar da shi kusan kamar yadda yake a da.[30]

A ƙarni na takwas, matafiyi Ibn Baɗɗuɗa, a shekarar 727H, yayin ziyararsa zuwa Bagdad, ya bayyana cewa akwai zarihi na itace a kan kaburburan Imamai biyu, wanda aka rufe saman sa da azurfa.[31]

a Zamanin Alu Jalayir

a lokacin mulkin Alu Jalayir, Baghdad da Kazimaini sun fuskanci ambaliyar kogin Dajla, wadda ta jawo lalacewar Haramin Kazimaini.[32]

Sultan Uwaisu Jalayiri (757–777 aH) ya gudanar da gyaran harami. Da umarninsa: an saka sababbin akwatin kabari a kan kaburburan Imamai biyu,[33] an gina kubba biyu da minare biyu an kawata harami da tayal da aka rubuta ayoyin Al-ƙur'ani a kansu[34]

A shekara ta 776 H, ambaliyar Dajla ta sake haddasa lalacewa a harami, amma Sultan Uwaisu tare da taimakon wazirinsa suka gyara shi. Haka kuma aka gina caravanserai (funduƙ/masaukin matafiya) domin masu ziyara su zauna.[35]

a Zamanin Safawiyya

A zamanin Safawiyya, an sake gyara Haram na Kazimaini sosai. Bayan Shah Isma'il ya kame Baghdad a shekara ta 914 aH, ya bayar da umarni a rushe tsohon tsarin harami, sannan a gina sabon gini wanda ya haɗa da:Riwaq (rawaƙi) farfajiya, Masallaci a arewa, ƙubba biyu, hasumiya biyu[36]

Haka kuma ya sa aka yi akwatin kabari (ṣanduq) na azurfa biyu a kan kaburburan Imamai biyu.[37] an kuma saka wani rubutaccen katanga (kitaba) mai ɗauke da tarihin shekara ta 926H a bangon harami, wanda ke bayyana ayyukan Shah Isma'il.[38]

An ruwaito cewa Shah Isma'il ya waƙafa dukiyarsa ga Imamai goma sha huɗu, kuma wani ɓangare daga wannan ya je ga Haramin Kazimaini.[39]

Haka kuma ana cewa, saboda Safawiyawa suna danganta kasancewa asalinsu da Imam Musa Kazim (a.S), Shah Isma'il ya nuna kulawa ta musamman ga haramin.[40]

A zamanin Turkan Usmaniyya (926–974H), da umarnin Sulaiman Khan, an kammala gyaran wasu sassan harami da suka rage daga zamanin Safawiyya.[41]

Daga ciki har da kammala minare ɗaya da aka fara ginawa a zamanin Safawiyya, wanda aka kammala a shekara ta 978H.[42]

A zamanin Shah abbas na farko Shah abbas ya sake kame Bagdad a shekara ta 1032 aH. Ya sa aka yi ƙarfen Zarihi (ƙarfen ɗakin kabari) ga Imamai biyu.[43]

Amma saboda rikicin siyasa tsakanin Iran da Usmaniyya, an jinkirta shigar da shi har zuwa shekara ta 1115H.[44] a zamanin Shah Safi. shekara ta Shah Safi ya gudanar da wasu gyare-gyare a harami, ciki har da ƙarfafa ginshiƙan hasumiya.[45]

a Zamanin Ƙajariyyawa

Hoton haramin Kazimaini a shekara ta 1970M

A zamanin Ƙajariyya, a zamanin Ƙajariyya, da goyon bayan agha Muḥammad Khan Ƙajar (1193–1212H), an rufe ƙubba biyu, iwan da doguar hanya na kudu na Haramin Kazimaini wanda ke kaiwa zuwa sashen "balasar" na Imam Kazim (a.S). Haka kuma an shimfiɗa ƙasan harami da marmara.[46]

A shekara ta 1221 aH, Fatḥ Ali Shah Qajar (1212–1250 aH) ya sabunta: aikin ayna-ƙari (madubi) kasi-ƙari (tayal) na ruwaƙ da kuma zinariya a minaret na Kazimaini[47] a shekara ta 1282H, Abdul-Husaini Tehrani (Shaikhul Iraƙiyin), wakilin Mirza Khan amir Kabir, ya yi gyare-gyare daga kashi na gadon amir Kabir. Ya gudanar da: gyara gine-gin ayna-ƙari da kasi-ƙari na ruwaƙ da iwanai[48]

A shekara ta 1283H, Nasirud-Din Shah ya maye gurbin tsohuwar ḍariḥ ta zamanin Safawiyya da sabuwar ḍariḥ ta azurfa. Haka kuma ya yi ayna-ƙari da zinariya a ruwaq na gabas.[49]

Farhad Mirza, kawun asirud-Din Shah, ya sake gina ṣaḥn (farfajiya), [50]inda ya sayi gidajen da ke kusa da harami ya haɗa su cikin fili. Haka kuma ya sanya agogo biyu, ɗaya a kan iwan na ƙofar kudu mai manyan ƙofofi uku, da ɗaya a kan iwan na ƙofar gabas mai ƙofofi uku.[51]

Bayan Mulkin Saddam

A zamanin mulkin Jam'iyyar Ba'as a Iraƙ, babu wani babban aikin gine-gine ko gyare-gyare da aka yi a Haramin Kazimaini. Bayan faɗuwar wannan gwamnati, an fara manyan ayyukan gyarawa da faɗaɗa harami ta hannun Hukumar Sabunta Gine-ginen Haramai Masu Tsarki. Daga cikin ayyukan da aka yi akwai: ƙarfafa ganuwar ruwaƙ, maye gurbin duwatsu na ruwaƙ hana ruwa shiga rufin gini, yara da ƙarfafa ƙubbobi da hasumiya sabunta akwatin kaburburan Imamai Jawadaini, ƙera kofofi na shiga harami, ƙera, jigilarwa da girka sabbin ƙofofi sabunta labulen kabari (roposh / kiswah) da rubutun da ke zagaye da zarihi, gyara da farfaɗo da tsohon Masallacin Safawiyya kusa da harami.[52]

Haka kuma an yi: sauya zarihi (kabari mai shinge) gina sabbin farfajiya biyu: Ṣaḥn-e Ṣaḥib Al-Zaman da Ṣahne Ali (a.S)[53]

Tsarin Gine-gine

Haramin Kazimaini yana da faɗin murabba'in mita 14,514, kuma idan aka ƙididdige gine-gine da sauran wuraren da suke da alaƙa da shi, jimillar faɗin wurin tana kaiwa murabba'in mita 26,000.[54]

Zarihi

Fayil:Darih Al Kadhimiyyah.jpg
Zarihin Haramin Kazimaini

Bisa ga rahoton shafin Haramin Kazimaini, zarihi ɗin kaburburan Imam Musa Kazim (a.S) da Imam Muhammad Jawad (a.S) na yanzu an ƙera shi ne bayan rushewar gwamnatin Saddam Husaini a shekara ta 2003 Miladiyya.[55] Kafin haka, tun daga shekara ta 1324 H, zairihi ɗin da Sultan Begum ta bayar ne yake girke a haramin Tsawonsa ya kai santimita 676, faɗinsa santimita 517, yayin da tsayinsa ya kusan mita 3.5.[56]

Haka kuma, an yi rufin cikin zarihi ɗin da itace, kuma yana ɗauke da rubuce-rubuce da aka yi da rubutun Sulus (Thuluth) da Nastaaliƙ.[57]

Kafin a girka zarihi ɗin Sultan Begum, zarihi ɗin da aka ƙera a zamanin Nasirud-Din Shah ya kasance a cikin haramin na tsawon shekaru 109.[58]

Ruwaƙ (Shinge Mai Rumfa)

Ƙawata ruwaƙ-rawaƙin Harami da madubai

Haramin Kazimaini yana da ruwaƙ huɗu, kuma an shimfiɗa musu dutse marmara a ƙasa.[59] Bangon ruwaƙ-rawaƙin harami har zuwa rabinsu an ƙawata shi da marmara, yayin da ɓangaren sama na bango da rufi aka yi masa ayna-ƙari (madubi-ƙari).[60]

Ruwaƙ-rawaƙin harami:

  1. Ruwaƙ na gabas: Yana da hanyar shiga daga gabas zuwa Tarama "Babul Al-Murad", kuma daga yamma yana kaiwa ga zarihi.[61] a nan ne aka binne Shaikh Mufid da Ibn Ƙuliwaihi, marubucin Kamiluz Ziyarat, daga manyan malamai da masu hadisi na Shi'a.[62]
  2. Ruwaƙ na yamma:Yana da hanyar shiga daga gabas zuwa ḍariḥ, kuma daga yamma zuwa Tarama Ƙuraishi.[63] Saboda an binne Khajo Nasirud -Din Ɗusi a cikinsa, ana kiransa da Ruwaƙ Khajah Nasir.[64]
  3. Ruwaq na kudu:Daga arewa yana kaiwa ga ḍariḥ, daga kudu kuma yana kaiwa ga Bab Al-ƙibla.[65]
  4. Ruwaƙ na arewa: Daga arewa yana kaiwa ga Masallacin Jami' na Safawiyya, kuma daga kudu yana kaiwa ga ḍariḥ.[66]

Ƙofofi

Daga ruwaƙ-rawaƙin Haramin Kazimaini akwai ƙofofi shida da ke buɗewa zuwa ruda (wurin da ke kewaye da zarihi). Haka kuma ruwaƙ-rawaƙi suna da ƙofofi takwas da ke haɗa su da ṣaḥn (farfajiya).[67]

Bayan gyare-gyaren Farhad Mirza, ruwaq-rawaƙin harami suna da ƙofofi bakwai, amma daga baya aka ƙara wata ƙofa guda domin su zama takwas, a matsayin alamar ƙofofin Aljanna.[68]

Ƙofofin harami an yi su ne da zinariya da azurfa, kuma suna ɗauke da kwararrun kwayar zane da rubutun Nastaaliƙ. a kansu akwai ayat-ƙur'ani, baitocin waƙoƙi na Farisa da Larabci, da kuma tarihin lokacin da aka gina su.[69]

Tarima (Rumfuna)

Ɗaya daga cikin tarama-rawaƙin Haramin Kazimaini

an kewaye ruwaƙ-rawaƙin Haramin Kazimaini da tarama uku (rumfuna).[70] Tarama suna da rufi kuma siffarsu murabba'i mai kusurwa huɗu, kuma ana raba su da ṣaḥn (farfajiya) ta hanyar shingen ƙarfe

Tarama Bab Al-Murad: an gina ta a shekara ta 1281 aH..[71] Tarama Ƙibla: an gina ta a shekara ta 1285H. Tarama Ƙuraish: an fara ginata a 1321 aH, kuma an kammala a 1332H.[72]

Farfajiya Da Ƙofar Shigarsa

Bukukuwan tunawa da shahadar Imam Kazim (a.S.) a Farfajiyar Haramin Kazimaini

Bisa ga rubutun da aka sanya a bangon Bab Al-Murad, Farhad Mirza ya ba da umarnin sabunta ginin ṣaḥn (farfajiyar harami) a shekara ta 1298H.[73]

A kewaye ṣaḥn an gina ɗakuna (ḥujurat), kuma a gaban kowace ḥujra akwai iwan (rumfa).[74] a farkon zamanin Ƙajariyya, ṣaḥn na Kazimaini yana da ƙofofi uku na asali, kuma saman ƙofofin an rufe su da tayal mai launin shuɗi (lajwardi).[75]

Daga baya, adadin ƙofofin ya ƙaru zuwa ƙofofi 10.[76] Su ne:

  • Babul Al-Murad: yana bangon gabas na farfajiya.
  • Babul Al-ƙibla: yana bangon kudu na farfajiya.
  • Babul Al-Farhadiyya: yana kusurwar arewa maso gabas na bangon gabas.
  • Babul Al-Raja': yana bangon gabas na harami; an buɗe shi a 1376H.
  • Babul Al-Raḥma: yana bangon yamma; an buɗe shi a 1375 aH.
  • Babul Al-Maghfira: yana bangon kudu; an buɗe shi a 1360H.
  • Babul Ṣafi: yana kusurwar kudu maso yamma na farfajiya.
  • Babul Ṣaḥib Al-Zaman: yana bangon yamma na ṣaḥn.
  • Babul Al-Jawahiriyya: yana bangon arewa na farfajiya.
  • Bab Al-ƙuraysh: yana bangon arewa.[77]

A saman ƙofofin harami kuma ana rubuta ayat-ƙur'ani, baitocin waƙoƙi na Farisa da Larabci, da sunan marubuci da ranar rubutu.[78]

Gudanar Da Harami Da Masu Kula Da Shi

A ƙarni na 5 na Hijira, Kazimaini wanda yake daga cikin unguwannin Bagdad ya zama yanki mai ƴanci, kuma aka naɗa masa Niƙabat (wakili) na musamman. Daga cikin ayyukan waɗannan naƙibai akwai sa ido kan harkokin harami. Kafin wannan lokaci, harami yana ƙarƙashin ƙayyim (mai kula).[79]

A cikin littafin Tarikhul Mashhad Al-Kazimi, an ambaci ƙayyim ko naƙib 27 na Kazimaini, daga cikinsu akwai: Sayyid Abdul-Karim Bin Ahmad Hilli (648–693H) daga malamai na gidan Ɗawus Ibn Jafar Al-ƙayyim abu Ɗalib Alawi, Ali Bin Ali (Fakhir Alawi, wafati kusan 569H) Najmud-Din Ali Bin Musawi, daga malaman ƙarni na 7.[80]

A lokacin Safawiyya, an ba da kula da Haramin Kazimaini ga Mashiakhat Al-Islam, wata hukuma da Safawiyyawa suka kafa a matsayin kishiya ga hukumar addini ta Daular Usmaniyya da ke Istanbul. Hedkwatarta tana Kazimaini, kuma daga cikin aikinta akwai kula da harami.[81]

Lokacin da Osumaniyya suka mamaye Iraki, sun mika tawili (kulawa) ta harami ga wani mutum mai suna Rabi'a, wanda a baya ya kasance mai kula da Ka'aba.[82]

Bayan wannan lokaci, babu cikakken bayani game da masu kula da harami, sai dai an ambaci wasu kamar: Abdul-Ḥamid Kalidar (1282–1336H) da mahaifinsa Shaikh ƊAlib Shaibi,[83] Abdun-Nabiyyi Al-Kazimi (1198–1265 aH), marubucin ƙarin bayani ga Naƙdul RijAl na Tafrishi, wanda ya riƙe muƙamin kulawa Bayan shi, ƴaƴansa da jikokinsa suka ci gaba da wannan matsayi.[84]

A halin yanzu, Dr. Haidar Hassan Al-Shammari shi ne ke riƙe da kulawar Haramin Kazimainin.[85][Tsokaci 1]

Mutanen Da Aka Binne A Harami

Taswirar Haramin Kazimaini da take nuna kabarin Shaikh Mufid, Ibn Ƙuliwaihi da Khajo Nasirid-dini Ɗusi
Babban labari: Fihirisar Mutanen Da Aka A Haramin Kazimaini (A.S)

A cikin Kazimaini an binne mutane da dama, ciki har da malamai, masana kimiyya da manyan shugabannin siyasa.[87]

A cikin littafin Tarikhul Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimaini ambaci fiye da mutane 30 da aka binne a haramin a zamanin Banu abbas, daga cikinsu akwai:

Abu Abdullah Muḥammad Al-amin (halifan abbasiyya na 6) Zubayda, matar Harun Al-Rashid Ibn Ƙuliwaihi (wafatin 368H), malamin hadisi na Shi'a.[88]

Bayan zamanin abbasiyyawa, adadin waɗanda aka binne a harami ya ƙaru sosai[89] Daga cikin shahararrun waɗanda aka binne akwai:

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Hamawi, Mu'jam Al-Buldan, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 163.
  2. ↑ Sam'ani, Al-ansab, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 177.
  3. ↑ Baghdadi, Tarikh Baghdad, juzu'i na 13, shafi na 33.
  4. ↑ Hamawi, Mu'jam Al-Buldan, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 163.
  5. ↑ Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, muqaddima, shafuka na 11–15; KhAlili, Mawsu'at Al-'atabat Al-Muqaddasa, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 30.
  6. ↑ Ibn Ṭaqṭaqi, Al-aṣili, shafi na 151.
  7. ↑ Mufid, Al-Irshad, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 295.
  8. ↑ KhAlili, Mawsu'at Al-'atabat Al-Muqaddasa, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 42.
  9. ↑ KhAlili, Mawsu'at Al-'atabat Al-Muqaddasa, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 42.
  10. ↑ Hamawi, Mu'jam Al-Buldan, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 306.
  11. ↑ Hamawi, Mu'jam Al-Buldan, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 306.
  12. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafuka na 22 da 38.
  13. ↑ Ja'fariyan, atlas-e Shi'a, shafi na 92.
  14. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafi na 24.
  15. ↑ Mur'ashi, Tarikh Ṭabaristan, Ruyan wa Mazandaran, shafi na 67, an naƙalto daga Izdi, "Tarikhcha-ye Haram-e Kazimaini", shafi na 548.
  16. ↑ Mar'ashi, Tarikh Ṭabaristan, Ruyan wa Mazandaran, shafi na 67, an naƙalto daga Izdi, "Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini", shafi na 548.
  17. ↑ Ibn Al-athir, Al-Kamil fi Al-Tarikh, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 577.
  18. ↑ Ibn Al-athir, Al-Kamil fi Al-Tarikh, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 577.
  19. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafuka na 29 da 39.
  20. ↑ Qazwini Razi, Naqḍ, shafi na 220; Shushtari, MajAlis Al-Mu'minin, juzu'i na 2, shafuka na 459–460.
  21. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafi na 30.
  22. ↑ Ja'fariyan, atlas-e Shi'a, shafi na 92..
  23. ↑ Izdi, "Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini", shafi na 549.
  24. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafi na 39.
  25. ↑ Izdi, "Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini", shafi na 550.
  26. ↑ Izdi, "Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini", shafi na 550.
  27. ↑ Ibn Al-Fuwaṭi, Al-Ḥawadith Al-Jami'a, Dar Al-Kutub Al-'Ilmiyya, Manshurat Muḥammad 'Ali Bayḍun, shafuka na 213–214.
  28. ↑ Hamadani, Jami' Al-Tawarikh, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 293, an naƙalto daga Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimiو shafi na 45.
  29. ↑ Hamadani, Jami' Al-Tawarikh, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 293, an naƙalto daga Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafuka na 45–46.
  30. ↑ Shirazi, Tarikh-e Waṣṣaf, shafuka na 181–182, 213 da 221, an naƙalto daga Izdi, "Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini", shafi na 551.
  31. ↑ Ibn Baṭṭuṭa, Riḥlat Ibn Baṭṭuṭa, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 141.
  32. ↑ Izdi, "Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini", shafi na 551.
  33. ↑ Naqdi, Tarikh Al-Imamaini Al-Kazimaini wa Rawḍatuhuma Al-Sharifa, shafuka na 24–26, an naƙalto daga Izdi, "Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini", shafi na 551.
  34. ↑ Samawi, Ṣada Al-Fu'ad fi Tarikh BAlad Al-Kazim wa Al-Jawad, shafi na 15, an naƙalto daga Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafi na 48.
  35. ↑ Fayḍ Qummi, Tarikh Kazimaini wa Baghdad, shafi na 121, an naƙalto daga Izdi, "Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini, shafi na 551; Naqdi, Tarikh Al-Imamayn Al-Kazimaini wa Rawḍatuhuma Al-Sharifa, shafuka na 24–26, an naƙalto daga Izdi, Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini, shafi na 551.
  36. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafi na 50.
  37. ↑ Izdi, Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini, shafi na 552.
  38. ↑ Budaq, Jawahir Al-akhbar, sashen Iran daga Qara Qoyunlu har zuwa shafi na 124; amini Harawi, Futuḥat-e Shahi, shafi na 303, an naƙalto daga Yazdi, Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini, shafi na 553.
  39. ↑ Shamilu, Qiṣaṣ Al-Khaqani, juzu'i na 1, shafuka na 93–96; Iskandar Beg Munshi, Tarikh-e 'Alam-ara-ye abbasi, juzu'i na 2, shafuka na 1250–1252 da 1667–1668; Qazwini, Fawaʾid Al-Ṣafawiyya, shafi na 52, an naƙalto daga Izdi, "Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini", shafi na 553.
  40. ↑ Izdi, Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini, shafi na 552.
  41. ↑ Shamilu, Qiṣaṣ Al-Khaqani, juzu'i na 1, shafuka na 93–96; Iskandar Beg Munshi, Tarikh-e 'Alam-ara-ye abbasi, juzu'i na 2, shafuka na 1250–1252 da 1667–1668; Qazwini, Fawaʾid Al-Ṣafawiyya, shafi na 52, an naƙalto daga Izdi, "Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini", shafi na 553.
  42. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafi na 67.
  43. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, 1435 aH, p. 67.
  44. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafi na 70.
  45. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafuka na 70–71.
  46. ↑ Naṣir Al-Din Shah Qajar, Shahriyar-e Jadeha, Intisharat-e Sazman-e asnad-e Melli-ye iran, shafi na 96; Naqdi, Tarikh Al-Imamayn Al-Kazimaini, shafi na 75, an naƙalto daga Izdi, "Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini", shafi na 555.
  47. ↑ Naṣir Al-Din Shah Qajar, Shahriyar-e Jadeha, Intisharat-e Sazman-e asnad-e Melli-ye iran, shafi na 96, an naƙalto daga Izdi, Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini, shafi na 555.
  48. ↑ Naṣir Al-Din Shah Qajar, Shahriyar-e Jadeha, shafuka na 96 da 155, an naƙalto daga: Izdi, Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini, shafi na 555.
  49. ↑ Naṣir Al-Din Shah Qajar, Shahriyar-e Jadeha, shafuka na 96 da 155, an naƙalto daga Izdi, Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini, shafi na 555."
  50. ↑ Jalali, Mazarat ahl Al-Bayt (a.S.) wa Tarikhuha, shafi na 118.
  51. ↑ I'timad Al-Salṭana, Ruznama-ye Khaṭerat, shafi na 584, an naƙalto daga Izdi, Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini, shafi na 555.
  52. ↑ پروژه‌های ستاد بازسازی در کاظمین،Shafin yanar gizo na Hedikwatar Sake Gina Haraman ahlulbaiti.
  53. ↑ تاریخ آستان مقدس کاظمین، Haramin Mai Tsarki na Kazimaini.
  54. ↑ Izdi, Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini, shafi na 559.
  55. ↑ تاریخ آستان مقدس کاظمین،Haramin Mai Tsarki na Kazimaini.
  56. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafi na 126.
  57. ↑ aydaram, Sima-ye Kazimaini, shafuka na 86–87.
  58. ↑ Milani, Rahnama-ye atabat-e 'Aliyat, shafi na 133.
  59. ↑ Izdi, Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini, shafi na 557.
  60. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafuka na 142–143.
  61. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafi na 145.
  62. ↑ Izdi, Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini, shafi na 557.
  63. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafi na 143.
  64. ↑ Izdi, Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini, shafi na 557.
  65. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafi na 153.
  66. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafi na 143.
  67. ↑ Izdi, Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini, shafi na 557.
  68. ↑ Izdi, Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini, shafi na 558.
  69. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafuka na 132–160.
  70. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafi na 160.
  71. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafuka na 160–162.
  72. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhad Al-Kazimi, shafi na 118.
  73. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al‑Mashhad Al‑Kazimi, shafi na 168..
  74. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al‑Mashhad Al‑Kazimi, shafi na 168.
  75. ↑ Dieulafoy, Safarname-ye Madame Dieulafoy, shafi na 981-679: an naƙalto daga izadi, Tarikhche-ye Ḥaram-e Kazimaini, shafi na 557.
  76. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al‑Mashhad Al‑Kazimi, shafi na 164.
  77. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al‑Mashhad Al‑Kazimi, shafi na 163-173.
  78. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al‑Mashhad Al‑Kazimi, shafi na 163-173
  79. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al‑Mashhad Al‑Kazimi, shafi na 191-192.
  80. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al‑Mashhad Al‑Kazimi, shafi na 193-210.
  81. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al‑Mashhad Al‑Kazimi, shafi na 210.
  82. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhadil Kazimi, shafi na 210-211.
  83. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhadil Kazimi, shafi na 215-218.
  84. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhadil Kazimi, shafi na 212-222.
  85. ↑ الأستاذ الدكتور حيدر حسن الشمّري يتشرف بتولي منصب الأمين العام للعتبة الكاظمية المقدسة، Shafin yanar gizo na Hubbaren Kazimiyya Mai Tsarki.
  86. ↑ https://www.shabestan.news/news/1834507/%D8%aa%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%aa-%D8%aC%D8%aF%DB%8C%D8%aF-%D8%a2%D8%B3%D8%aa%D8%a7%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%82%D8%aF%D8%B3-%Da%a9%D8%a7%D8%B8%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%B9-%D8%a7%D9%86%D8%aa%D8%aE%D8%a7%D8%a8-%D8%B4%D8%a
  87. ↑ Musawi Zanjani, Jawlatun fil Amakinil Muqaddasa, Mu'assasatul a'lami lil Matbu'at, shafi na 114.
  88. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhadil Kazimi, shafi na 225-230.
  89. ↑ Al-Yasin, Tarikh Al-Mashhadil Kazimi, shafi na 229-230.
  90. ↑ Jafariyan, atlas Shi'a, shafi na 93.
  91. ↑ Jafariyan, atlas Shi'a, shafi na 93.
  92. ↑ Jafariyan, atlas Shi'a, shafi na 93.
  93. ↑ Mahfuz Husain Ali, ansab wa Mushajjaratul Usar wAl Buyutat fil Kazimiyya,
  94. ↑ Ibn anaba, Umdatut TAlib, shafi na 184.
  95. ↑ Muhaddis Qummi, MuntahAl amAl, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 1547-1548.
  96. ↑ Jafariyan, Atlas Shi'a, shafi na 93.
  97. ↑ Jafariyan, atlas Shi'a, shafi na 93.

Tsokaci

  1. ↑ Tuna: Tare da amincewar ayatullah Sistani, an zaɓi Dr. Haidar Abdul-amir Mahdi Kazim a matsayin mai kula da babban haramin Kazimain (amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare su) na tsawon shekaru uku. Ranar fara rantsuwar aikinsa, bisa umarnin da shugaban hukumar waqfin mabiya mazhabar Shi'a ya bayar, ita ce 25 ga watan Murdad shekarar 1404 na hijira shamsiyya (16 ga agusta, 2025), wanda ya yi daidai da watan Safar shekarar 1447 na hijira kamariyya.[86]
  2. ↑ Musa bin Ibrahim Al-asghar bin Musa Al-Kazim wanda ake masa laƙabi da Al-Murtaza, kuma ake kiransa da abu Sabhah saboda yawan ambaton Allah (zikiri) da tasbihi, ya rasu ne a Bagadaza kuma aka binne shi a makabartar Quraishawa (Maƙabir Ƙuraishi), kusa da mahaifinsa da kakansa.[93]

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