Adaliyya

Daga wikishia

Adaliyya, (Larabci: العدلية) wani Isɗilahi ne a Ilimin Kalam da yake ishara zuwa ga `Yan Shi'a da Mu'utazilawa, dalilin samu su wannan su na ya samo asali ne daga Imanin `Yan Shi'a da Mu'utazilawa bisa la'akari da ƙa'idar Hankali ta Husunu Wal ƙubuhu Aƙli, (kyakkyawan aiki a kankin kansa kyakkyawa ne haka ma Mummunan Aiki) da kuma cewa Allah yana aiki kan asasin wannan ƙa'idar da wannan dalili ne ake kirga shi Adali, kan wannan asasi ne Adalci ya kasance daya da Asalan Mazhabar `Yan Shi'a da kuma Asalai Biyar na Mu'utazilawa. Kishiyarsu akwai Asha'ira da su ba su yarda da ƙa'idar Husunu wal Kubuhu ba, a kankin kansu, sai dai cewa sun yi Imani da Husunu wal Kubuhu Shar'i Ma'ana babu wani abu mai kyau sai abin da shari'a ta ga kyawunsa, kuma babu wani abu mummuna sai abin da shari'a ta ga muninsa, kan asasin Maganar Murtada Mutahhari, bakidayan Mazhabobi Muslunci su na ganin Allah matsayin Adali ana samun Sassaɓawar ra'ayi tsakaninsu a lokacin tafsirin mene ne Adalci. Natijar Imanin Adaliyya da Husunu wal Kubuhu Akli shi ne cewa sun jingina su kusa da Alkur'ani da Sunna wanda kowa ya yi Imani da wadannan abubuwa guda biyu, to su Adaliyya su na ganin shi ma Hankali Hujja ne kuma su na Amfani da shi a matsayin daya daga cikin dalilan Shari'a da ake ciro hukunce-hukunce daga cikinsu.

Adalcin Allah Mas'ala Mai Muhimmanci A Ilimin Kalam na Muslunci

Asalin Maƙala: Adalcin Allah

Mas'alar Adalcin Allah tana daga Mas'lolin Kalam na Muslunci, kuma Malamai su na cewa muhimmancinta ya sanya Malaman tauhidi kan asasin Maud'in wannan mas'ala suka rarrabu zuwa gida biyu Adaliyya da wanda ba Adaliyya,[1] Asalin adalci yana daga daya daga cikin asalai biyar na mazhabar Shi'a[2] haka kuma ya kasance Asali na biyu daga Asalai biyar na Mu'utazilawa a cikin bahasin Tauhidi.[3]

Mas'alar Asali cikin Adalcin Allah

A cewar Murtada Mutahhari, hakika a cikin Adalci tambaya ba ta kasance shin Allah Adali ne ko ba Adali ne ba, saboda bakidayan Musulmi sun yi Imani da kasancewar Allah Adali, babu wata Kungiya da ta saba da haka, Magana tana cikin bayani da tafsirin kan Adalcinsa da kuma yaya yake[4] mas'alar shi ne shin akwai wani ma'auni ga adalcin Allah, sannan dokokin ubangiji kan halittunsa da kuma shari'ar Allah ma'ana umarni da hani shin su na tafiya kan asasin wannan adalci nasa ko kuma sabanin haka ne? shin babu wani Ma'auni ga Adalcin Allah, duk abin da Allah ya yi kawai shi ne Adalci.[5] Cikin wani bayanin, shin da farko kafin komai akwai kyakkyawa da Mummuna shin akwai samuwar maslaha da mafsada, gaskiya da karya, sannan Allah yana zartar da umarninsa kan asasinsu ko kuma dai kwata-kawata ba su da samuwa, kadai da farko umarnin Allah ya fara samuwa sannan kan asasin umarninsa kyakkyawa da mummuna, gaskiya da karya duka suka samu ?[6] Alal misali Allah yana umarni da kiyaye amana, saboda kiyaye amana a kankin kansa abu ne mai kyau kuma akwai maslaha tare da shi, kuma Allah yana hana yin Ha'inci sabida ha'inci abu ne mara kyau a kankin kansa kuma akwai mafsada ta hakika tare da shi, ko kuma dai lamarin ba haka yake ba, a asali maslaha da mafsada ba su da wata samuwa, kawai dai saboda Allah ya yi umarni da wasu ayyuka shi ya sa ayyukan suka kasance masu kyau, saboda ya yi hani daga barin wasu ayyuka shi ya suka kasance marasa kyawu.[7]

Su Wane NeƳan Adaliyya

Cikin Mazhabobin Kalam na Muslunci, hakika `Yan Shi'a da Mu'utazilawa ana kiransu da su nan Adaliyya[8] Malaman Kalam na Shi'a da Mu'utazilawa sun yi Imani da Husunu wal Kubuhu Akli, ma'ana su na cewa hakika Ayyuka tare da kau da idanu daga kasancewa Allah yana hukunta kyawunsu ko Muninsu, cikin duba da Hankali hakika a kankin kansu su na kasuwa zuwa kaso biyu kyawawa da munana, ma'ana Hankali yana hukunta kyawun wasu Al'amurra da munin wasunsu, kuma Allah ya kasance Adali ne ta wannan Fuska, baya aiki sabanin Husunu da kubuhun da hankali ya ayyana su.[9]

Masu Sabawa da Adaliyya

Asha'ira da suka kasance wasu Jama'a daga Malaman Kalam na Muslunci a gabar kishiyantar Shi'a da Mu'utazilawa ba su yarda da Husubu wal Kubuhu Akli ba, su sun yi Imani ne da Husunu wal Kubuhu Shar'i, su na cewa hankali bai da karfin da zai iya gano Kyakkyawa da Mummuna, a wani bayanin ma'ana dai babu wani Kyakkyawan abu ko mummuna sai abin da shari'a ta yi umarni da yin sa ko hana yin sa, idan da babu shari'a to babu wani abu kyakkyawa ko mummuna da yake da samuwa.[10]

Hujjar Hankali a wurin Adaliyya

Kan asasin Maganar Murtada Mutahhari hakika Adaliyya kasancewar sun yarda da Husunu wal Kubuhu Akali, kuma sun ajiye su kusa da Alkur'ani da Sunna da Ijma'i wanda abubuwa ne da bakidayan Musulmi sun yarda da su, to su Adaliyya su na ganin hankali daya ne daga dalilan Shari'a, kuma su na dogara da shi cikin Ijtihadi da Istinbadin Hukunce-hukuncen Shari'a,[11] wanda hakan ya sabawa ra'ayin sauran Musulmi wanda ba `yan Adaliyya ba da suke cewa hankali ba zai taba kasancewa Jagora zuwa ga kai wa ga dokokin Shari'a ba.[12]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Motahari,Majmu'eh Asar, 2004, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 811.
  2. ↑ Mohammadi Rishahri, Daneshnameh Akayid Islami, 1385, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 99.
  3. ↑ Sobhani, Farhang Akayid wa Mazahib Islami, 1373, juzu’i na 4, shafi na 51.
  4. ↑ Motahari, Majmu'eh Asar, 2004, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 73.
  5. ↑ Motahari, Majmu'eh Asar, 2004, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 811-812.
  6. ↑ Motahari, Majmu'eh Asar, 2004, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 813
  7. ↑ Motahari, Majmu'eh Asar, 2004, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 811-812
  8. ↑ Duba Allameh Hali, Istiksa al-Nazar fi al-ƙadaa wa al-ƙadr, 1418 AH, shafi na 34; Mashkoor, Farhang Farƙ Islami, 1375, shafi na 333.
  9. ↑ Hilli, Kashf al-Morad, 1413 AH, shafi na 302-303.
  10. ↑ Hali, Kashf al-Morad, 1413 AH, shafi na 302.
  11. ↑ Motahari, Majmu'eh Asar, 2004, juzu'i na 4, shafi 815.
  12. ↑ Motahari, Majmu'eh Asar, 2004, juzu'i na 4, shafi 814

Nassoshi

  • Hilli, Hasan bin Yusuf, Istiksa Al-Nazar fil Al-ƙadaa da Al-ƙadr, Mohammad Hosseini Neishaburi, Mashhad, Dar Anba Al-Ghaib, bugun farko, 1418H.
  • Hilli, Hassan bin Youssef, Kashf al-Murad fi Sharh Tajrid al-Itƙad, edita na Hassan Hassanzadeh Amoli, Kum, Jamaat al-Madrasin fi Al-Hawza Al-Alamiya Baƙm, Mu’assasar Al-Nashar al-Islami, bugu na 4, 1413 AH.
  • Sobhani, Jafar, Farhang Akayid wa Mzahib Islami, ƙum, Tauhidi, bugun farko, 1373.
  • Mohammadi Raishahri, Muhammad, daneshnameh Kayaid Islami, ƙum, Dar al-Hadith, 2005.
  • Mashkoor, Mohammad Jaɓad, farhanga Firaku Islami, Mashhad, Astan ƙuds Razaɓi, 1375.
  • Motahari, Morteza, Majmu'eh Asar, Tehran, Sadra Publishing House, 2004.
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